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Franklin County, Vermont

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Franklin County
County
Franklin County Court House in St. Albans
Franklin County Court House in St. Albans
Map of Vermont highlighting Franklin County
Location within the U.S. state of Vermont
Map of the United States highlighting Vermont
Vermont's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 44°51′27″N 72°54′43″W / 44.85748°N 72.912°W / 44.85748; -72.912
Country United States
State Vermont
FoundedDecember 1, 1796
Named forBenjamin Franklin
Shire TownSt. Albans
Largest citySt. Albans
Area
 • Total
692 sq mi (1,790 km2)
 • Land634 sq mi (1,640 km2)
 • Water58 sq mi (150 km2)  8.4%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
49,946
 • Density72/sq mi (28/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional districtAt-large

Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 49,946.[1] Its county seat is the city of St. Albans.[2] It borders the Canadian province of Quebec. The county was created in 1792 and organized in 1796.[3][4] Franklin County is part of the Burlington metropolitan area.

History

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Franklin County is one of several Vermont counties created from land claimed by Vermont on January 15, 1777, when Vermont declared itself to be a state distinct from New York.[5][6][7] The land originally was contested by Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York, but it remained undelineated until July 20, 1764, when King George III established the boundary between New Hampshire and New York along the west bank of the Connecticut River, north of Massachusetts and south of the parallel of 45 degrees north latitude. New York assigned the land gained to Albany County.[8][9] On March 12, 1772, Albany County was partitioned to create Charlotte County,[10] and this situation remained until Vermont's independence from New York and Britain. However, this did not end the contest. In 1772, land surveyors John Collins of Quebec and Thomas Valentine of New York erected survey monuments along what they took to be the 45th parallel of north latitude, intended to be the boundary between New York and Quebec. The Webster–Ashburton Treaty of 1842 said that their measurement errors stand, so the boundary between Vermont and Quebec, and between New York and Quebec, is where Collins and Valentine put the survey monuments, some of which still stand today (see Collins–Valentine line).

On September 3, 1783, as a result of the signing of the Treaty of Paris the Revolutionary War ended with Great Britain recognizing the independence of the United States. Article II of the treaty agreed on boundaries between the United States and British possessions to the north, and included Vermont within the U.S. Vermont's border with Quebec was established at 45 degrees north latitude.[11][12] In 1792, Franklin County was formed from part of Chittenden County.[4] However, Vermont's government continued to take the position that it was independent of both the United States and Britain, and so it remained until 1791.

The county's namesake is Benjamin Franklin.[13] Chester A. Arthur, the 21st U.S. President, was born in the town of Fairfield. He was one of two Presidents to be born in the state, the other being Calvin Coolidge.

In 2008, the federal government declared the county a disaster area after severe storms and flooding on June 14–17.[14]

Geography

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 692 square miles (1,790 km2), of which 634 square miles (1,640 km2) is land and 58 square miles (150 km2) (8.4%) is water.[15]

Adjacent counties and municipalities

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National protected area

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18008,282—
181016,615100.6%
182017,1923.5%
183024,52542.7%
184024,5310.0%
185028,58616.5%
186027,231−4.7%
187030,29111.2%
188030,225−0.2%
189029,755−1.6%
190030,1981.5%
191029,866−1.1%
192030,0260.5%
193029,975−0.2%
194029,601−1.2%
195029,8941.0%
196029,474−1.4%
197031,2826.1%
198034,78811.2%
199039,98014.9%
200045,41713.6%
201047,7465.1%
202049,9464.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[16]
1790–1960[17] 1900–1990[18]
1990–2000[19] 2010–2018[20]

2010 census

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As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 47,746 people, 18,513 households, and 12,939 families residing in the county.[21] The population density was 75.3 inhabitants per square mile (29.1/km2). There were 21,588 housing units at an average density of 34.1 per square mile (13.2/km2).[22] Of the 18,513 households, 34.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.7% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.1% were non-families, and 22.7% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 2.97. The median age was 39.6 years.[21]

The median income for a household in the county was $53,623 and the median income for a family was $63,009. Males had a median income of $43,155 versus $36,940 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,767. About 7.2% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.8% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over.[23]

Politics

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In 1828, Franklin County was won by National Republican Party candidate John Quincy Adams

In 1832, the county was won by Anti-Masonic Party candidate William Wirt.

In 1836, the county was won by Democratic Party candidate Martin Van Buren

From William Henry Harrison in 1840 to Winfield Scott in 1852, the county would vote the Whig Party candidates.

From John C. Frémont in 1856 to Herbert Hoover in 1928 (barring 1912, where the county was won by Progressive Party candidate and former president Theodore Roosevelt), the Republican Party would have a 72-year winning streak in the county.

In 1932, the county was won by Democratic candidate Franklin D. Roosevelt and would be won by him in all four of his presidential runs from 1932 to 1944. During that time, Franklin County, along with Chittenden and Grand Isle Counties would become Democratic enclaves in an otherwise Republican-voting Vermont. The county would also be won by Harry S. Truman in 1948.

Dwight D. Eisenhower was able to win back Franklin County for the Republicans during the 1952 and 1956 elections.

The county would go to Democratic candidates John F. Kennedy in 1960, Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964, and Hubert H. Humphrey in 1968.

Incumbent President Richard Nixon would carry the county in 1972 as would Gerald Ford in 1976.

In 1980 and 1984, the county was won by Republican Ronald Reagan, who would become the last Republican presidential candidate to win Franklin County.

Since Michael Dukakis won the county in 1988, it has been won by Democratic candidates ever since.

United States presidential election results for Franklin County, Vermont[24]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 11,274 43.65% 13,611 52.69% 945 3.66%
2016 8,752 40.88% 9,351 43.67% 3,308 15.45%
2012 7,405 37.23% 12,057 60.62% 426 2.14%
2008 7,853 36.59% 13,179 61.41% 428 1.99%
2004 8,936 44.86% 10,598 53.20% 386 1.94%
2000 8,395 43.74% 9,514 49.57% 1,285 6.69%
1996 4,617 28.49% 8,790 54.24% 2,799 17.27%
1992 5,484 29.25% 8,004 42.69% 5,263 28.07%
1988 7,293 49.16% 7,372 49.70% 169 1.14%
1984 8,683 59.63% 5,755 39.52% 124 0.85%
1980 5,998 44.61% 5,914 43.99% 1,533 11.40%
1976 6,190 51.64% 5,610 46.80% 186 1.55%
1972 8,109 67.21% 3,898 32.31% 58 0.48%
1968 5,218 44.67% 6,027 51.60% 436 3.73%
1964 3,261 26.98% 8,823 73.00% 2 0.02%
1960 5,444 43.65% 7,028 56.35% 0 0.00%
1956 7,125 59.55% 4,840 40.45% 0 0.00%
1952 6,949 57.82% 5,018 41.75% 51 0.42%
1948 4,897 46.89% 5,455 52.23% 92 0.88%
1944 4,374 42.01% 6,036 57.98% 1 0.01%
1940 5,258 41.21% 7,439 58.30% 63 0.49%
1936 5,507 44.56% 6,817 55.15% 36 0.29%
1932 4,999 44.29% 6,179 54.75% 108 0.96%
1928 6,031 52.23% 5,477 47.43% 40 0.35%
1924 4,594 67.10% 1,649 24.08% 604 8.82%
1920 4,869 66.72% 2,342 32.09% 87 1.19%
1916 2,796 56.41% 2,107 42.51% 54 1.09%
1912 1,433 33.16% 1,317 30.48% 1,571 36.36%
1908 2,360 66.84% 1,048 29.68% 123 3.48%
1904 2,522 72.22% 881 25.23% 89 2.55%
1900 2,738 66.38% 1,316 31.90% 71 1.72%
1896 3,444 72.16% 1,150 24.09% 179 3.75%
1892 2,540 63.22% 1,353 33.67% 125 3.11%
1888 3,121 67.34% 1,343 28.98% 171 3.69%
1884 2,619 59.73% 1,396 31.84% 370 8.44%
1880 3,018 60.07% 1,652 32.88% 354 7.05%

Economy

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Personal income

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The median income for a household in the county was $41,659, and the median income for a family was $46,733. Males had a median income of $32,009 versus $24,078 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,816. About 7.00% of families and 9.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.40% of those under age 18 and 10.30% of those age 65 or over.

Industry

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In 2009, the county had the most dairy farms in the state, 239 out of 1,078.[25]

Communities

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City

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Towns

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Villages

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Villages are census divisions, but have no separate corporate existence from the towns they are in.

Census-designated places

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 28, 2021.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ "Vermont: Individual County Chronologies". Vermont Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. 2008. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  4. ^ a b Aldrich, Lewis Cass (1891). History of Franklin and Grand Isle counties, Vermont. Syracuse, NY: D. Mason & Co. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  5. ^ Slade, William, Jr., comp. Vermont State Papers: Being a collection of Records and Documents Connected with the Assumption and Establishment of Government by the People of Vermont, Together with the Journal of the Council of Safety, the First Constitution, the Early Journals of the General Assembly, and the Laws from the Year 1779 to 1786, Inclusive. Middlebury, 1823. pp. 70–73.
  6. ^ Van Zandt, Franklin K. Boundaries of the United States and the Several States. Geological Survey Professional Paper 909. Washington, DC; Government Printing Office, 1976. The Standard Compilation for its subject. P. 64.
  7. ^ Williamson, Chilton. Vermont in Quandary: 1763–1825. Growth of Vermont series, Number 4. Montpelier: Vermont Historical Series, 1949. PP. 82–84; map facing 95, 100–102, 112–113.
  8. ^ Slade, William, Jr., comp. Vermont State Papers: Being a collection of Records and Documents Connected with the Assumption and Establishment of Government by the People of Vermont, Together with the Journal of the Council of Safety, the First Constitution, the Early Journals of the General Assembly, and the Laws from the Year 1779 to 1786, Inclusive. Middlebury, 1823. pp. 13–19.
  9. ^ Van Zandt, Franklin K. Boundaries of the United States and the Several States. Geological Survey Professional Paper 909. Washington, DC; Government Printing Office, 1976. The Standard Compilation for its subject. P. 63.
  10. ^ New York Colonial Laws, Chapter 1534; Section 5; Paragraph 321)
  11. ^ Van Zandt, Franklin K. Boundaries of the United States and the Several States. Geological Survey Professional Paper 909. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1976. The Standard Compilation for its subject. p. 12.
  12. ^ Parry, Clive, ed. Consolidated Treaty Series. 231 volumes. Dobbs Ferry, New York; Oceana Publications, 1969–1981. Volume 48; pp. 481, 487, 491–492.
  13. ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp. 131.
  14. ^ Sutkoski, Matt (August 1, 2008). Summer has been wet one for the ages. Burlington Free Press.
  15. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved June 29, 2015.
  16. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 29, 2015.
  17. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved June 29, 2015.
  18. ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 29, 2015.
  19. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved June 29, 2015.
  20. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved December 30, 2013.
  21. ^ a b "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  22. ^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  23. ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  24. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  25. ^ Lefebvre, Paul (February 11, 2009). Average Vermont farmer expected to lose $92,000. the Chronicle.
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