Friedrich Gustav von der Leyen was born in Bremen, Germany on 19 August 1873, and belonged to the House of Leyen. He was the son of the railroad lawyer and
honorary professor Dr. jur. Alfred Friedrich von der Leyen (1844–1934) and his wife Luise Isabella Kapp (1852–1908). Luise was the daughter of Friedrich Kapp and sister of Wolfgang Kapp. Friedrich had four siblings, among them Generalleutnant of the Wehrmacht Ludwig Friedrich von der Leyen (1885–1967).
Following World War II, von der Leyen returned to the University of Cologne, where he served as an honorary professor from 1947 to 1953. He died in Kirchseeon, Germany on 6 June 1966.
Hugo Kuhn and Kurt Schier (ed.): Märchen, Mythos, Dichtung. Festschrift zum 90. Geburtstag Friedrich von der Leyens am 19. August 1963. Beck, München 1963.
Michael Löffelsender: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines nationalsozialistischen Modefachs. Deutsche Volkskunde an der Universität Köln 1919–1945. In: Geschichte im Westen 23 (2008), S. 89–117 (pdf).