Fundamental rights of the people of Bangladesh

The fundamental rights of the people of Bangladesh have been namely guaranteed in Part III (Article 26-47) of the constitution of Bangladesh.^[1]^[2]^[3] But the protection of fundamental rights under the Constitution has been inconsistent and that is why, during the period from 2009 to 2023 under the rule of the Awami League-led government, 2,699 people were victims of extrajudicial killings in Bangladesh. During the same time frame, 677 people were forcibly disappeared, and 1,048 people died in custody, according to the Odhikar.^[4] Odhikar also said that if the deaths from the anti-discrimination student protests and incidents from 2024 are included, the total death toll would exceed 3,000.^[4]

Article 44 of the constitution guarantees the right of every citizen to move the High Court Division in accordance with clause (1) of Article 102 for the enforcement of any of the fundamental rights conferred by Part III of the Constitution.^[1] The jurisdiction of the High Court Division of the Supreme Court to enforce the fundamental rights is defined in Article 102 of Part Vl of the Constitution of 1972.^[1]

The fundamental rights of the people

Third part (article 26 to 47A) of the Constitution of Bangladesh mentions the fundamental rights of the citizens of Bangladesh.

27. Equality before law

28. Discrimination on grounds of religion, etc.

29. Equality of opportunity in public employment

30. Prohibition of foreign titles, etc.

31. Right to protection of law

32. Protection of right to life and personal liberty

33. Safeguards as to arrest and detention

34. Prohibition of forced labour

35. Protection in respect of trial and punishment

36. Freedom of movement

37. Freedom of assembly

38. Freedom of association

39. Freedom of thought and conscience, and of speech

40. Freedom of profession or occupation

41. Freedom of religion

42. Rights to property

43. Protection of home and correspondence

44. Enforcement of fundamental rights

45. Modifications of rights in respect of disciplinary law

46. Power to provide indemnity

47. Saving for certain laws

47A. Inapplicability of certain articles

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Fundamental Rights". Banglapedia. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
^ মৌলিক অধিকার. Judiciary of Bangladesh (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 2018-07-05. Retrieved 2019-02-22.
^ যেগুলো আপনার মৌলিক অধিকার. Prothom Alo (in Bengali). 9 August 2018. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
^ ^a ^b BonikBarta. "দেড় দশকে বিচারবহির্ভূত হত্যা ২,৬৯৯ ও গুম হন ৬৭৭ জন". দেড় দশকে বিচারবহির্ভূত হত্যা ২,৬৯৯ ও গুম হন ৬৭৭ জন. Retrieved 2024-09-24.

[:0-1] "Fundamental Rights". Banglapedia. Retrieved 2019-02-20.

[2] মৌলিক অধিকার. Judiciary of Bangladesh (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 2018-07-05. Retrieved 2019-02-22.

[:1-3] যেগুলো আপনার মৌলিক অধিকার. Prothom Alo (in Bengali). 9 August 2018. Retrieved 2019-02-20.

[:2-4] BonikBarta. "দেড় দশকে বিচারবহির্ভূত হত্যা ২,৬৯৯ ও গুম হন ৬৭৭ জন". দেড় দশকে বিচারবহির্ভূত হত্যা ২,৬৯৯ ও গুম হন ৬৭৭ জন. Retrieved 2024-09-24.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]