Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN2Agene.[5] With 1464 amino acids, the canonical GluN2A subunit isoform is large. GluN2A-short isoforms specific to primates can be produced by alternative splicing and contain 1281 amino acids.[6][7]
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are a class of ionotropic glutamate receptors. NMDA channel has been shown to be involved in long-term potentiation, an activity-dependent increase in the efficiency of synaptic transmission thought to underlie certain kinds of memory and learning. NMDA receptor channels are heteromers composed of the key receptor subunit NMDAR1 (GRIN1) and 1 or more of the 4 NMDAR2 subunits: NMDAR2A (GRIN2A), NMDAR2B (GRIN2B), NMDAR2C (GRIN2C), and NMDAR2D (GRIN2D).[8]
Whole exome/genome sequencing has led to the discovery of an association between mutations in GRIN2A and a wide variety of neurological diseases, including epilepsy, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, developmental delay, and schizophrenia.[12]
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^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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^ abHou XY, Zhang GY, Yan JZ, Chen M, Liu Y (November 2002). "Activation of NMDA receptors and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels mediates enhanced formation of Fyn-PSD95-NR2A complex after transient brain ischemia". Brain Research. 955 (1–2): 123–132. doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03376-0. PMID12419528. S2CID85751.
^ abMa J, Zhang GY (September 2003). "Lithium reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2A tyrosine phosphorylation and its interactions with Src and Fyn mediated by PSD-95 in rat hippocampus following cerebral ischemia". Neuroscience Letters. 348 (3): 185–189. doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00784-5. PMID12932824. S2CID40684016.
^Liu Y, Zhang G, Gao C, Hou X (August 2001). "NMDA receptor activation results in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDA receptor subunit 2A(NR2A) and interaction of Pyk2 and Src with NR2A after transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion". Brain Research. 909 (1–2): 51–58. doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02619-1. PMID11478920. S2CID21062909.
Takano H, Onodera O, Tanaka H, Mori H, Sakimura K, Hori T, et al. (December 1993). "Chromosomal localization of the epsilon 1, epsilon 3 and zeta 1 subunit genes of the human NMDA receptor channel". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 197 (2): 922–926. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.2567. PMID8267632.
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Corasaniti MT, Melino G, Navarra M, Garaci E, Finazzi-Agrò A, Nisticò G (September 1995). "Death of cultured human neuroblastoma cells induced by HIV-1 gp120 is prevented by NMDA receptor antagonists and inhibitors of nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase". Neurodegeneration. 4 (3): 315–321. doi:10.1016/1055-8330(95)90021-7. PMID8581564.
Pittaluga A, Pattarini R, Severi P, Raiteri M (May 1996). "Human brain N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors regulating noradrenaline release are positively modulated by HIV-1 coat protein gp120". AIDS. 10 (5): 463–468. doi:10.1097/00002030-199605000-00003. PMID8724036. S2CID1669986.
Hess SD, Daggett LP, Crona J, Deal C, Lu CC, Urrutia A, et al. (August 1996). "Cloning and functional characterization of human heteromeric N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 278 (2): 808–816. PMID8768735.
Bennett BA, Rusyniak DE, Hollingsworth CK (December 1995). "HIV-1 gp120-induced neurotoxicity to midbrain dopamine cultures". Brain Research. 705 (1–2): 168–176. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)01166-8. PMID8821747. S2CID32822686.
Toggas SM, Masliah E, Mucke L (January 1996). "Prevention of HIV-1 gp120-induced neuronal damage in the central nervous system of transgenic mice by the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine". Brain Research. 706 (2): 303–307. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)01197-8. PMID8822372. S2CID44260060.
Dreyer EB, Lipton SA (December 1995). "The coat protein gp120 of HIV-1 inhibits astrocyte uptake of excitatory amino acids via macrophage arachidonic acid". The European Journal of Neuroscience. 7 (12): 2502–2507. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01048.x. PMID8845955. S2CID7370984.