George England and Co.

George England and Co.
	Three George England locomotives on the Ffestiniog Railway
Company type	Ltd
Industry	Engineering
Founded	1839
Defunct	1869
Fate	Taken over
Successor	Fairlie Engine & Steam Carriage Co.
Headquarters	Hatcham, New Cross
Key people	George England, Robert Francis Fairlie
Products	Steam locomotives

George England and Co. was an early English manufacturer of steam locomotives founded by the engineer George England of Newcastle upon Tyne (1811–1878).^[1] The company operated from the Hatcham Iron Works in New Cross, Surrey, and began building locomotives in 1848.

The company supplied one of the earliest tank locomotives to the contractors building the Newhaven, Sussex, branch line for the London Brighton and South Coast Railway^[2] and exhibited a design at The Great Exhibition in 1851.^[3] It also supplied locomotives to the Ffestiniog Railway, the Wantage Tramway, the Caledonian Railway, the London & Blackwall Railway, the Great Western Railway, the Somerset and Dorset Railway and the Victorian Railways amongst others.

Locomotive types

Festiniog Railway 0-4-0

The four locomotives supplied by England, in 1863/64, to the Festiniog Railway, were the first truly successful narrow gauge 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) engines built.^[4] Remarkably three of the four survive, much rebuilt, two still in full working order. The other, Princess, was for many years on display at Spooner's Bar in Porthmadog, although without its tender. It has since been restored cosmetically to a high standard, and has made appearances in London and elsewhere for publicity purposes.

Two more similar 0-4-0 ST engines, to an improved design, were built in 1867, one of which, Welsh Pony, survives, and bought back to steam on the 27th of June 2020. Having undergone a careful and sympathetic restoration by the Ffestiniog Railway.

Fairlie

In 1869, England built the famous Little Wonder, Fairlies Patent articulated locomotive, also for the Ffestiniog Railway. George England's daughter, Eliza Anne, had earlier eloped with Robert Francis Fairlie, the inventor of the Fairlie locomotive. On George England's early retirement in 1869, Fairlie took over the company, in partnership with England's son George England junior, renaming it the Fairlie Engine and Steam Carriage Company, but following the death of George England Jr., in July 1870, the works were sold.^[4]

Victoria, Australia

Preservation

Wantage Tramway, Shannon, 0-4-0WT, preserved at Didcot Railway Centre
Ffestiniog Railway, see: Ffestiniog Railway rolling stock

Notes and references

^ Ransom, P. J. G. (2004), "England, George (1811/12–1878)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, retrieved 21 January 2009
^ The Industrial Locomotive Society (1967), Steam locomotives in industry, Newton Abbot: David and Charles, pp. 9–10
^ "The Great Exhibition", The Morning Chronicle, no. 26429, London, England, 29 August 1851
^ ^a ^b Quine, Dan (2013). The George England locomotives of the Ffestiniog Railway. London: Flexiscale.

[1] Ransom, P. J. G. (2004), "England, George (1811/12–1878)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, retrieved 21 January 2009

[2] The Industrial Locomotive Society (1967), Steam locomotives in industry, Newton Abbot: David and Charles, pp. 9–10

[3] "The Great Exhibition", The Morning Chronicle, no. 26429, London, England, 29 August 1851

[QUI-4] Quine, Dan (2013). The George England locomotives of the Ffestiniog Railway. London: Flexiscale.

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v t e Ffestiniog Railway
Stations	Porthmadog Harbour Boston Lodge Halt Minffordd Penrhyn Rhiw Goch Plas Halt Tan-y-Bwlch Campbell's Platform Dduallt Tanygrisiau Blaenau Ffestiniog
Other locations	Boston Lodge Works
Quarries	Blaen y Cwm Bwlch y Slaters Conglog Cwmorthin Cwt y Bugail Diphwys Casson Graig Ddu Llechwedd Maenofferen Moelwyn Slate Nyth-y-Gigfran Oakeley Rhiwbach Votty & Bowydd Wrysgan
People	Henry Archer Robert Francis Fairlie George England The Spooners of Porthmadog Allan Garraway Alan Pegler
Rolling stock	Ffestiniog Railway rolling stock Princess Little Wonder Fairlie locomotive Lyd Dandy waggon
Related railways	Croesor Tramway Cwmorthin Tramway Festiniog and Blaenau Railway Gorseddau Junction And Portmadoc Railway North Wales Narrow Gauge Railways Porthmadog cross town link Portmadoc, Beddgelert and South Snowdon Railway Rhiwbach Tramway Welsh Highland Railway Welsh Highland Heritage Railway
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