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In 2023, Hamas employed decapitations of Israeli and foreign civilians and Israeli soldiers in multiple locations during its October 2023 attack on Southern Israel.
Beheading of Israeli soldiers was specifically mentioned by Israeli Prime Minister's government in statements shortly following the Hamas attack.[1] Released Hamas footage showed multiple beheaded bodies of Israeli soldiers on October 7th. Upon later investigation of bodies in the civilian villages, Hamas was also accused of gruesome executions of civilians including cutting babies' heads. On October 16, a senior Israeli officer told a small group of journalists "You won't see rape, there's no rape in this video... We won't show you beheaded babies", saying such images existed but would not be shown.[2] Though Hamas did issue multiple statements on denial of atrocities during its October 7th attack on Israel, the group mainly tried to reject allegations of targeting civilians (including torture and decapitations), but didn't specifically reject claims of decapitating soldiers.
The beheadings during the October 2023 attack, along with other atrocities by Hamas, received wide coverage around the world and attracted international condemnation.
In February 2015, Hamas issued a condemnation of the Islamic State group (ISIL) for their beheading of 21 Egyptian Christians in Libya, referring to it as an "ugly crime."[3]
The Itamar attack was a terrorist attack on an Israeli family in the Israeli settlement of Itamar in the West Bank that took place on 11 March 2011, in which five members of the same family were murdered in their beds. The victims were the father Ehud (Udi) Fogel, the mother Ruth Fogel, and three of their six children—Yoav, 11, Elad, 4, and Hadas, the youngest, a three-month-old infant. The infant was decapitated.[4] The settlement of Itamar had been the target of several murderous attacks before these killings.[5] The attack was carried out by cousins Amjad Mahmad Awad (18) and Hakim Mazen Awad (17).[6]
During the Kfar Aza massacre, the Hamas attackers, described as highly aggressive, killed families, including babies, with some victims suffering decapitations. According to the the Israeli army Deputy Commander of Unit 71 "They killed them and cut some of their heads, it's a dreadful thing to see… and we must remember who is the enemy, and what our mission is, [for] justice where there is a right side and all the world needs to be behind us."[7]
Following the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel, several sources published information on multiple cases of beheading children and babies in Israeli villages - specifically in Kfar Aza. It was stated that photos of babies being burnt, decapitated were confirmed and that The photos were shown to US Secretary of State Antony Blinken during his visit to Israel.[8] The exact number of infant beheading incidents became a matter of controversy,[9] with numbers ranging from single beheading cases to as many as 40. Following initial publications, a doubt was raised whether the number of decapitated children could be 40 or whether the actual number is lower as no photographic evidence was presented,[9] though some eyewitness accounts of beheaded babies were recorded.[10]
On October 16, a senior Israeli officer told a small group of journalists "You won't see rape, there's no rape in this video... We won't show you beheaded babies", saying such images existed but would not be shown.[2] On October 27, a senior Israeli army officer said that he had found the body of a decapitated baby in one of the kibbutz communities attacked by Hamas on October 7.[11]
Israeli government released still images showed a decapitated soldier, charred human remains (including those of young children), and Islamic State flags found among the militants.
On October 11th, US President Biden issued a statement: “I never really thought that I would see and have confirmed pictures of terrorists beheading children”, as part of broader remarks about his administration’s support for Israel amid its war with Hamas and efforts to free American hostages.[12]
Shani Louk, a German-Israeli citizen, was killed by Hamas during the Re'im music festival massacre. Hamas then paraded her body in the streets of Gaza City.[13][14] While her body has not been found,[15][16] forensic examiners found a small piece of her skull at the festival site, by which they were able to confirm her death.[17][18][14]
Israeli President Isaac Herzog stated for the German tabloid Bild that Louk had been "decapitated";[19] his spokesperson corrected this, saying that "the fact that a significant part of her skull was found triggered fears that she had been decapitated."[20][21] Regardless, the false report spread on social media and was repeated in several German politicians' statements.[21]
Among more than 700 victims identified so far was Shani Louk, 22, a German-Israeli who was declared dead Saturday after a small fragment of her skull recovered in southern Israel yielded a DNA profile that matched one her family provided, officials said. Israeli authorities believe she was killed before her still-missing body was taken to Gaza by attackers.