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India–Pakistan cricket rivalry

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 30 min

India–Pakistan cricket rivalry
Panoramic view of the 2015 Cricket World Cup match between India and Pakistan
SportCricket
Teams
First meeting
  • Test: 16–19 October 1952 (India won the match by an innings and 70 runs)
  • ODI: 1 October 1978 (India won by 4 runs)
  • T20I: 14 September 2007, 2007 T20 World Cup (India won by bowl-out after match tied)
Latest meeting
Next meeting
Trophy
  • India India: 6
    2 Cricket World Cup
    2 T20 World Cup
    2 Champions Trophy
  • Pakistan Pakistan: 3
    1 Cricket World Cup
    1 T20 World Cup
    1 Champions Trophy
Statistics
Meetings total
  • Test: 59
  • ODI: 135
  • T20I: 13
Most wins
  • Test: (Pakistan 12; India 9)
  • ODI: (Pakistan 73; India 57)
  • T20I: (India 9; Pakistan 3)

The India–Pakistan cricket rivalry is one of the most intense sports rivalries in the world.[1][2] Showdowns between the teams are considered some of the biggest matches in the world, and are among the most-viewed sport games.

India has won 11 ICC tournaments compared to Pakistan's 5. At senior level, India has won 6 ICC trophies (2 Cricket World Cup, 2 T20 World Cup, 2 Champions Trophy), while Pakistan has won 3 (1 Cricket World Cup, 1 T20 World Cup, and 1 Champions Trophy). India has overwhelmingly dominated Pakistan in ICC World Cups, winning 14 out of 15 matches, with Pakistan securing only one victory.

The tense relations between the two nations, resulting from bitter diplomatic relationships and conflict that originated during the Partition of British India into India and Pakistan in 1947, the Indo-Pakistani Wars, and the Kashmir conflict, laid the foundations for the emergence of a fierce sporting rivalry between the two nations who had shared a common cricketing heritage.[3]

The two sides first played in 1952, when Pakistan toured India. Tests and, later, limited overs series have been played ever since, although a number of planned tours by both sides have been cancelled or aborted due to political factors. No cricket was played between the two countries between 1962 and 1977 due to two major wars in 1965 and 1971, and the 1999 Kargil War and the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks have also interrupted cricketing ties between the two nations.[4][5]

The growth of large expatriate populations from both countries across the world led to neutral venues, including the United Arab Emirates and Canada, hosting bilateral and multilateral One Day International (ODI) series involving the two teams and the teams have met during International Cricket Council (ICC) competitions. Tickets for matches in which the two teams play each other at international competitions are in high demand, with over 800,000 applications for tickets made for the 2019 Cricket World Cup meeting between the two sides;[4][5] the television transmission of the match was watched by 273 million viewers.[6]

Players from both teams routinely face extreme pressure to win and are threatened by extreme reactions in defeat. Extreme fan reactions to defeats in key matches have been recorded, with a limited degree of hooliganism.[4] At the same time, India–Pakistan matches have also offered opportunities for cricket diplomacy as a means to improve relations between the two countries by allowing heads of state to exchange visits and cricket followers from either country to travel to the other to watch the matches.[5]

History

[edit]
See also: India–Pakistan relations

The Partition of British India in 1947 that led to the creation of independent Indian and Pakistani states was characterised by bloody conflict between ethnic groups that left one million people dead and led to the mass-migration of an estimated ten million people to the nation of their choice. The legacy of Partition and subsequent territorial disputes have helped create heated rivalries in field hockey, association football, and especially in cricket, which had been developed during British colonial rule and is the most popular sport in both nations.[7]

Captains Abdul Kardar of Pakistan (left) and Lala Amarnath of India (right) with Indian President Rajendra Prasad (center) on the day of the first test, 16 October 1952

Pakistan became a member of the Imperial Cricket Conference (now the International Cricket Council) in 1948,[A] becoming a Full Member[B] in July 1952.[C] Their tour of India later the same year saw the team play their first Test matches. They lost the first Test in Delhi to India, but won the second Test in Lucknow, which led to an angry reaction from the home crowd against the Indian players. India clinched the Test series after winning the third Test in Bombay, but the intense pressure affected the players of both teams to the point that they pursued mainly defensive tactics that led to drawn matches and whole series without a victory.[8] When India toured Pakistan in 1955, thousands of Indian fans were granted visas to go to the Pakistani city of Lahore to watch the Test match, but both the 1955 series and Pakistan's tour of India in 1961 ended in drawn series, with neither team being able to win a single Test match. Complaints about the fairness of umpires became routine.[9][10]

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and subsequent War of 1971 put a hold on matches between the two sides that lasted till 1978, when India toured Pakistan and cricket between the two countries resumed for a brief period.[11] In the post-1971 period, politics became a direct factor in the holding of cricketing events. India has suspended cricketing ties with Pakistan several times following terrorist attacks or other hostilities. The resumption of cricketing ties in 1978 came with the emergence of heads of government in both India and Pakistan who were not directly connected with the 1971 war and coincided with their formal initiatives to normalise bilateral relations. Shortly after a period of belligerency during the Operation Brasstacks war games, Pakistani president Zia-ul-Haq was invited to watch the India–Pakistan Test being played in the Indian city of Jaipur. This form of cricket diplomacy has occurred several times. Pakistan toured India in 1979,[12] but an Indian tour of Pakistan in 1984 was cancelled mid-way through the series due to the assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.[13]

In the late 1980s and for most of the 1990s, India and Pakistan played each other only at neutral venues such as Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates and in the Canadian city of Toronto, where large audiences of expatriates regularly watched matches between the sides.[14] The series between the teams in Canada in the 1990s and early 2000s were officially known as the "Friendship Cup". Sharjah, even though a neutral venue, was considered as the "back yard of Pakistan" given the close proximity and the massive support the team generated.[15]

The rise of multinational competitions such as the Cricket World Cup, ICC T20 World Cup, ICC Champions Trophy, the Austral-Asia Cup, and the Asia Cup led to more regular, albeit briefer, contests between the two sides.[16]

Anil Kumble became the second bowler in cricket history to take ten wickets in an innings in a match against Pakistan in 1999

In 1999, immediately following Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's historic visit to Pakistan, the Pakistani team toured India for a series of Test matches and One Day Internationals. The Kargil War later in the year caused tensions between the countries and cricket was again suspended. Vajpayee's peace initiative of 2003 led to India touring Pakistan after a gap of almost 15 years. Subsequent exchange tours were held in 2005 and 2006 before the 2008 Mumbai attacks led to the suspension of India's planned tour of Pakistan in 2009 and all future engagements in Pakistan.[17] India has refused to play any form of series against Pakistan since then.[18]

Play from the last Test Match meeting between India and Pakistan, Banglore, December 2007.

The 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team in Lahore led to the suspension of international tours of Pakistan, with no Test series played in the country for a decade[19] and Pakistan was removed as a co-host for the 2011 Cricket World Cup which had been due to be played across the Indian subcontinent.[D] India and Pakistan qualified for the first semi-final of the tournament and the Indian government invited the Pakistani Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani to watch the match along with his Indian counterpart, Manmohan Singh.[20]

The second match of the series, Kolkata, January 2013.
India and Pakistan during the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy.

Bilateral ties finally resumed when the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) invited the Pakistan national team to tour India for three ODIs and two T20Is in December 2012.[21] In June 2014, the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) announced that an agreement to play six bilateral series across eight years between the two teams had reached.[22] After lengthy negotiations involving offers and counter-offers on the venues and scheduling of the first of these series in December 2015, the boards were unable to reach an agreement.[23] In May 2017, the BCCI accounted that it would need approval from the Indian government before a bilateral series could go ahead.[24] There was no further progress, despite members of both boards meeting in Dubai to discuss the matter.[25]

In October 2021, during the T20 World Cup, the teams played their 200th international match against each other.[26] Pakistan won the fixture by ten wickets, their first in 13 attempts against India in World Cup tournaments of either format.[27]

In October 2021, following a meeting with the ACC, Ramiz Raja confirmed that Pakistan would host the Asia Cup in 2023, with Sri Lanka hosting the 2022 edition.[28] In October 2022, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) secretary and ACC President Jay Shah announced that India would not travel to Pakistan, citing security concerns, and that the Asia Cup 2023 would take place in a neutral venue.[29] In December 2022, the then PCB chairman Ramiz Raja said that Pakistan might consider pulling out of the tournament if their hosting rights were withdrawn because of India's unwillingness to travel to Pakistan.[30] The PCB had threatened to boycott the 2023 Cricket World Cup in India after the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) refused to send a team to the Asia Cup.[31][32] This issue was later resolved, and Pakistan eventually participated in the 2023 Cricket World Cup in India.

Match between India and Pakistan at the group stage of the 2023 Cricket World Cup.

In January 2023, ACC confirmed the teams and groups of the Asia Cup, with both India and Pakistan taking part.[33] In March 2023, it was proposed that Pakistan remain as hosts and that all India matches - including at least two India-Pakistan contests - would be played at a neutral venue yet to be confirmed.[34] The hybrid model proposed by Pakistan was rejected by Sri Lanka and Bangladesh.[35] In response, PCB Chairman Najam Sethi proposed two options. The first option was that India play all their matches at a neutral venue with Pakistan hosting the rest of the teams. The second option was that four matches in the group stage take place in Pakistan whereas the second phase, in which matches played by the Indian team followed by the next stage matches including the final, be played at a neutral venue. Sri Lanka and Bangladesh agreed to the second option.[36] On 15 June 2023, the Asian Cricket Council announced that the tournament would be organized in a hybrid model with four matches being held in Pakistan, and the remaining nine in Sri Lanka.[37]

India and Pakistan met twice in this Asia Cup. Though the first match in the Group stage yielded a no result due to rain, India defeated Pakistan by an enormous margin in the Super Four clash between the 2 sides, scoring 356 for the loss of only 2 wickets. India in this match not only set their highest-ever score in ODI cricket against Pakistan, but also defeated them with the highest ever run margin of 228 runs, bundling Pakistan out for 128. India would eventually go on to win this Asia Cup, while Pakistan would be knocked out in the super-fours round.[38]

Summary of results

[edit]
As of 9 June 2024

The two sides have played a total of 207 times. Pakistan has won 88 matches compared to India's 75 victories. In Test matches and ODIs, Pakistan has won more matches than India, although India has won nine of the thirteen T20 Internationals between the two sides compared to Pakistan's three.[E]

Format Matches played India won Pakistan won Draw/Tie/No Result
Test 59 9 12 38
ODI 135 57 73 5
T20I 13 9 3 1
Total 207 75 88 44
  • Bold indicates most wins.

ICC matches

[edit]
See also: India at the Cricket World Cup and Pakistan at the Cricket World Cup

India has the better record in the Cricket World Cup, having faced Pakistan 8 times in the Cricket World Cup since 1992. Pakistan have not managed to win a single game against India in the 31 years they have played against each other in the World Cup. In the 2011 Cricket World Cup, India knocked out Pakistan in the semi-finals to qualify for the finals (which they subsequently won). The last time the two cricket frenzy nations clashed during the 2023 Cricket World Cup match played at the Narendra Modi stadium in Ahmedabad, India outclassed Pakistan by 7 wickets taking the scoreline to 8–0 in India's favour at ODI World Cups.[40]

In T20 World Cups also, India has a superior record. India won the 2007 T20 World Cup by defeating Pakistan in the final. Pakistan registered its first ever win against India in a T20 World Cup match during the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup.[41]

In the Champions Trophy, however, Pakistan has won three of the five meetings between the two sides, including the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy Final, in which they defeated India after losing to them in the group stage.[42] This was the second time the two teams had met in an ICC final after the T20 final in 2007. Pakistan are currently the tournament's defending champions.

The two sides currently do not play test matches with each other and have not met in the World Test Championship yet.

Tournament Matches played India won Pakistan won Draw/Tie/No result
World Cup 8 8 0 0
T20 World Cup 8 6 1 1
Champions Trophy 5 2 3 0
World Test Championship 0 0 0 0
Total 21 16 4 1

ACC matches

[edit]

The teams have met on 19 occasions in the Asia Cup, including Twenty20 format matches. India has won ten of these meetings compared to Pakistan's seven victories with two match finishing as no result due to rain.[43][F]

Tournament Matches played India won Pakistan won Draw/Tie/No result
Asia Cup ODI 15 8 5 2[F]
Asia Cup Twenty20 3 2 1 0
Asian Test Championship 1 0 1 0
Total 19 10 7 2

ICC tournaments won

[edit]
See also: India at the Cricket World Cup and Pakistan at the Cricket World Cup

The two countries have played in World Cups, the Champions Trophy, and the World Test Championship, all of which are organised by the governing body of world cricket, the International Cricket Council.

Match between India and Pakistan at 2023 Cricket World Cup

India has won the ICC Cricket World Cup twice while Pakistan has done so once. India has won the ICC Men's T20 World Cup twice, with the first edition of the tournament in 2007 featuring a final between the two sides, which India won. India has also won the ICC Champions Trophy twice, while Pakistan won the 2017 edition, defeating India in the final. Neither team has won the World Test Championship, although India finished as runners-up in both the editions, having played in the finals.[45]

Tournament India Pakistan
ICC Cricket World Cup 2 (1983) (2011) 1 (1992)
ICC T20 World Cup 2 (2007) (2024) 1 (2009)
ICC Champions Trophy 2 (2002) (2013) 1 (2017)
ICC World Test Championship 0 0
Total 6 3

ACC tournaments Won

[edit]

Both teams have participated in 15 of the 16 Asia Cups hosted. India withdrew from the second edition of the Asian Test Championship, having only played the first while Pakistan took part in both editions. The record sways 8–3 in India's favour at ACC Tournaments.

Tournament India Pakistan
ACC Asia Cup (ODI) 7 2
ACC Asia Cup (T20I) 1 0
Asian Test Championship 0 1
Total 8 3

List of Test series

[edit]

Overall Test match results

[edit]
Decade Matches Result
India Pakistan Drawn
1950s 10 2 1 7
1960s 5 0 0 5
1970s 9 2 2 5
1980s 20 0 4 16
1990s 2 1 1 0
2000s 12 4 3 5
2010s – – – –
2020s – – – –
Total 58[G] 9 11[G] 38

Fifteen Test series have been played between the two sides, as well as a one-off Test played in February 1999 as part of the Asian Test Championship. India has hosted eight of the series, with 32 matches played at home as well as the one-off match in 1999. Pakistan has hosted seven series with 26 matches played at home. Each side has four series wins, although Pakistan has won more Test matches than India in matches between the two nations.

Season Host Date first Test started Tests India won Pakistan won Drawn Winner
1952–53 India 16 October 1952 5 2 1 2 India
1954–55 Pakistan 1 January 1955 5 0 0 5 Drawn
1960–61 India 2 December 1960 5 0 0 5 Drawn
1978–79 Pakistan 16 October 1978 3 0 2 1 Pakistan
1979–80 India 21 November 1979 6 2 0 4 India
1982–83 Pakistan 10 December 1982 6 0 3 3 Pakistan
1983–84 India 14 September 1983 3 0 0 3 Drawn
1984–85 Pakistan 17 October 1984 2 0 0 2 Drawn
1986–87 India 3 February 1987 5 0 1 4 Pakistan
1989–90 Pakistan 15 November 1989 4 0 0 4 Drawn
1998–99 India 28 January 1999 2[H] 1 1 0 Drawn
2003–04 Pakistan 28 March 2004 3 2 1 0 India
2004–05 India 8 March 2005 3 1 1 1 Drawn
2005–06 Pakistan 13 January 2006 3 0 1 2 Pakistan
2007–08 India 22 November 2007 3 1 0 2 India
Total 15 58[G] 9 11[G] 38

List of ODI series

[edit]

Overall ODI match results

[edit]
As of 14 October 2023 [46]
Decade Matches Result
India Pakistan No result
1970s 3 1 2 0
1980s 32 9 19 4
1990s 46 17 26 3
2000s 41 18 22 1
2010s 15 10 4 0
2020s 3 2 0 1
Total 139 57 73 9

The two sides have played a total of 17 ODI series.[I] Six of these have been played in India, while Pakistan has hosted seven series. Four series have been played in neutral venues, including three in Canada between 1996 and 1998 and one in the United Arab Emirates in 2006. Pakistan has won 11 of the series with India winning five. The two-match series held in the UAE was tied, each team winning one match.

Season Host Date of first match Matches India won Pakistan won Tie/No Result Winner
1978–79 Pakistan 1 October 1978 3 1 2 0 Pakistan
1982–83 Pakistan 3 December 1982 4 1 3 0 Pakistan
1983–84 India 10 September 1983 2 2 0 0 India
1984–85 Pakistan 12 October 1984 2 0 1 1 Pakistan
1986–87 India 27 January 1987 6 1 5 0 Pakistan
1989–90 Pakistan 16 December 1989 3 0 2 1 Pakistan
1996 Canada 16 September 1996 5 2 3 0 Pakistan
1997 Canada 13 September 1997 5 4 1 0 India
1997–98 Pakistan 28 September 1997 3 1 2 0 Pakistan
1998 Canada 12 September 1998 5 1 4 0 Pakistan
2003–04 Pakistan 13 March 2004 5 3 2 0 India
2004–05 India 13 November 2004 1 0 1 0 Pakistan
2004–05 India 2 April 2005 6 2 4 0 Pakistan
2005–06 Pakistan 6 February 2006 5 4 1 0 India
2005–06 UAE 18 April 2006 2 1 1 0 Drawn
2007–08 India 5 November 2007 5 3 2 0 India
2012–13 India 30 December 2012 3 1 2 0 Pakistan
Total 65 27 36 2

List of T20I series

[edit]

Overall T20I match results

[edit]
As of 9 June 2024 [47]
Decade Matches Result
India Pakistan Tie/No result
2000s 2 1 0 1
2010s 6 5 1 0
2020s 5 3 2 0
Total 13 9 3 1

The teams have only played one Twenty20 International series, a two match series played in 2012 as part of Pakistan's tour of India. Each team won one match, leaving the series drawn.

Year(s) Host Date of first match Matches India won Pakistan won Tie/No Result Winner
2012–13 India 25 December 2012 2 1 1 0 Drawn
Total 2 1 1 0

Records

[edit]

Test records

[edit]

Team records

[edit]
Smallest victories
Margin Winning team Venue Season
12 runs  Pakistan Chennai 1998–99
16 runs Bangalore 1986–87
46 runs Kolkata 1998–99

Source:[51]

Individual

[edit]

ODI records

[edit]

Team

[edit]

Individual

[edit]

Twenty20 International records

[edit]
As of October 2022

The two sides have played each other twelve times in Twenty20 Internationals (T20I). Seven of these matches have taken place during T20 World Cups, including their meeting during the final of the 2007 competition, and three at the Asia Cup. A single two-match T20I series was played in India in 2012.

The highest team score made in a T20I between the two nations was India's 192/5 made at Ahmedabad in December 2012. Pakistan's highest score against India in T20I is 182/5 made during 2022 Asia Cup match. The lowest score in a T20I between the two counties was Pakistan's 83 all out made at Dhaka during the 2016 Asia Cup.[63]

The highest individual score made in a T20I between the two sides was Virat Kohli's 82 not out made in October 2022 during the 2022 ICC World Twenty20. India's Virat Kohli holds the record for the most runs scored overall in matches between the two sides with 488 runs scored in ten innings.[64]

The best bowling performance in matches between the sides was the 4/18 taken by Mohammad Asif during the group stage meeting between the teams at the 2007 ICC World Twenty20 in South Africa. India's best bowling performance was the 3/8 taken by Hardik Pandya during the 2016 WorldT20.[65] Pakistan's Umar Gul has taken the most wickets in matches between the sides with 11.[66]

Team

[edit]

Individual

[edit]
Most wickets in a career
Wickets Player Innings Economy
13 India Hardik Pandya 6 7.25
11 Pakistan Umar Gul 6 8.27
India Bhuvneshwar Kumar 7 7.26
7 Pakistan Naseem Shah 4 7.25
India Arshdeep Singh 4 7.85
Pakistan Haris Rauf 5 8.15

Source:[70]

Players who have played for both teams

[edit]

Prior to the Partition of India in 1947 India had played cricket, having first played as an international side in 1932. Following Partition, Pakistan was created and began playing as an independent nation, making their Test match debut in 1952 during a tour of India.

Three players played for Pakistan after appearing for India. They are:[71][72]

  • Amir Elahi – One Test for India against Australia at Sydney in 1947; five Tests for Pakistan against India in 1952
  • Gul Mohammad – Eight Tests for India between 1946 and 1955; one Test for Pakistan in 1956
  • Abdul Hafeez Kardar – Three Tests for India in 1946; 23 Tests for Pakistan between 1948 and 1958

After Partition, Gul Mohammad continued to play for India until 1955 and played against Pakistan in their first tour of India in 1951–52. Both Amir Elahi and Abdul Hafeez Kardar played for Pakistan on the tour. Abdul Hafeez Kardar went on to play for Pakistan against India during India's first tour of Pakistan in 1954–55.

Public and government reaction to the rivalry

[edit]

Cricket is a significant sport within both countries and matches involving them can provoke what has been described as "a strong response".[73]

In the Indian cricket team in Pakistan in the 1989–90 series, the 3rd ODI at Karachi was abandoned due to crowd disturbance.[74] When Pakistan lost 3 wickets at the score of 28, stone pelting started against Indian fielders. Indian fielders gathered near the pitch. Local cricketer Javed Miandad was unable to calm the crowd and the match was abandoned.[75] Chandu Borde said that in the same match, Mohammad Azharuddin was hit with a metal hook.[76] Sanjay Manjrekar wrote in his book, in the first ODI, that Indian captain Krishnamachari Srikkanth's shirt was torn by a Pakistani spectator.[77]

There have been examples where fans of the opposing side have experienced legal action: in 2014, 60 students in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh were charged with sedition for cheering Pakistan's victory over India, although the charges were later dropped;[73] in 2016, a 22-year-old Pakistani fan of Indian captain Virat Kohli, was arrested[73] and later sentenced to 10-years imprisonment for hoisting India's flag in Pakistan after a match between India and Australia.[78] After the T20 World Cup 2021 match between the two teams, Indian authorities arrested a small number of Indian Muslims who had publicly celebrated Pakistan's victory.[73][79][80][81]

In the city of Leicester in the United Kingdom, tensions between the Indian Hindu and Pakistan Muslim community broke out into violence and a series of protests following the 2022 Asia Cup match between Pakistan and India on 28 August.[82][83]

Cricket diplomacy between India and Pakistan

[edit]
The Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh and the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Yousuf Raza Gilani interacting with the Indian Cricket Team ahead of the India vs Pakistan semi-final of the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
The Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh and the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Yousuf Raza Gilani interacting with the Pakistani Cricket Team ahead of the India vs Pakistan semi-final of the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
Main articles: Cricket diplomacy and India and Pakistan

Following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, and Soviet pressure on India to deflect the tension they faced, in February 1987 Pakistan's president at the time, General Zia ul-Haq, attended a test match between India and Pakistan in Jaipur – a visit that apparently helped cool a flare-up in tensions since it led to a meeting with the Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi.[84][85] Furthermore, in 2004 after a break of fifteen years, India toured Pakistan in the wake of diplomatic initiatives to bury half a century of mutual hostility. Both sides relaxed their tough visa regulations for each other, allowing thousands of fans to travel across the border.[86]

In an attempt to replicate the cricket diplomacy of the past General Pervez Musharraf came to India in 2005 ostensibly for a cricket match. The trip, however, quickly took on the air of a summit as the sides were urged "to seize a historic chance to end their dispute over Kashmir."[87][88] Often this rivalry has been tinged with a religious-political bent to it. In 1991, the workers of the Indian political party Shiv Sena dug up the cricket pitch at the Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai on the eve of an India-Pakistan Test match which was to be held there, forcing the entire series between the two nations to be cancelled.[89][90] The Shiv Sena once again used this unique means of protest at the Feroz Shah Kotla in New Delhi in 2000 to protest against the Pakistan cricket team's proposed visit.[91] Following the Kargil conflict, and at various other times, there have also been calls to suspend cricketing ties between the two countries.

During the 2011 Cricket World Cup, the semi-final is believed to have eased the relationship between India and Pakistan after the polarising 2008 Mumbai attacks. Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh used this opportunity and greeted his Pakistani counterpart Yousuf Raza Gilani to watch the match with him at Mohali. Gilani subsequently accepted the offer and agreed to watch the match with Singh.[92][93]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ The Imperial Cricket Conference was renamed the International Cricket Conference in 1965 and later became the International Cricket Council. It organises international cricket across the globe.
  2. ^ Full Member status grants the member the right to play in Test matches.
  3. ^ The Indian cricket team had been awarded Full Member status in 1926 and prior to Partition had represented the whole of British India.
  4. ^ The 2011 Cricket World Cup was hosted by India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
  5. ^ The 2007 T20 World Cup match between the teams ended in a tie. India were awarded the points after a bowl-out. The official match result is recorded as a tie.[39]
  6. ^ a b The 1987 Asia Cup match was abandoned after nine overs due to bad light and rain. It was due to be replayed the following day but this match was abandoned without a ball being bowled due to rain.[43][44]
  7. ^ a b c d One additional match was played in February 1999 as part of the Asian Test Championship. Pakistan won this match
  8. ^ One other match was played as part of the Asian Test Championship immediately after the second Test of the tour. Pakistan won this match. The Championship has only been played twice. On the second occasion India withdrew due to political tensions with Pakistan.
  9. ^ In cricket a series is a set number of matches played between two sides over a relatively short period of time. The two sides have also met in a number of other competitions featuring other teams, including ICC competitions and a number of one-off series of matches.

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to India–Pakistan cricket matches.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Brett, Oliver (9 March 2004). "Cricket's most intense rivalry". BBC News.
  2. ^ Richards, Huw (8 March 2008). "Cricket: Passion and politics mix as India faces Pakistan". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 27 August 2014.
  3. ^ "India-Pakistan rivalry: Whatever happened to 'cricket diplomacy'?". Retrieved 10 March 2024.
  4. ^ a b c Ingle S (2019) Not just cricket: India and Pakistan prepare to renew rivalry at World Cup, The Guardian, 14 June 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  5. ^ a b c Wigmore T (2019) Why India vs Pakistan is the biggest game in all sport: When politics, passion and national identity collide, The Daily Telegraph, 16 June 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  6. ^ Lofthouse A (2021) T20 World Cup: Pakistan hammer India by 10 wickets to claim famous win, BBC Sport, 24 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  7. ^ Ehantharajah, Vithushan (June 2017). "Frenemies forever". The Cricket Monthly. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
  8. ^ "India-Pakistan, Decoded: An imperfect rivalry governed by politics". 27 August 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  9. ^ "India-Pakistan, cricket and politics". 24 August 2018. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  10. ^ "1965: The year India, Pakistan began sparring in sports". The Times of India. 31 August 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  11. ^ "After the 17-year-itch: The historic 1978 Indo-Pak cricket series". 26 November 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  12. ^ "Recalling the famous 1979 Test between India and Pakistan in Delhi". 17 January 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  13. ^ "SK Flashback: When Indira Gandhi's assassination led to India's tour of Pakistan being cancelled mid-way". 31 October 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  14. ^ "Sharjah was what it was purely because of India-Pakistan matches: Asif Iqbal". 22 October 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  15. ^ Stats Guru Summary of Bilateral series between India and Pakistan
  16. ^ "A Look Back at India-Pakistan Encounters in ICC Events; India Lead Arch-rivals 14-3". Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  17. ^ Herman, Steve (18 December 2008). "India Cancels Cricket Tour of Pakistan". VOA News. Voice of America. Retrieved 3 January 2009.
  18. ^ "India v Pakistan: Can't force India to play bilateral series against Pakistan: ICC. Cricket News - Times of India". The Times of India. 14 September 2017.
  19. ^ Rasool, Danyal (1 December 2019). "Test cricket is back in Pakistan, but it's more than a feel-good narrative". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
  20. ^ Majumdar, Diptosh (30 March 2011). "India-Pakistan World Cup 2011 semi-final: Manmohan Singh & Raza Gilani to hold talks in Mohali stadium". The Economic Times. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  21. ^ "Cricket spirit: Pakistan to tour India in December". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
  22. ^ "India to play six bilateral series against Pakistan in next eight years". Patrika Group (in Hindi). Retrieved 27 June 2014.
  23. ^ "India–Pakistan series appears difficult – Thakur". 19 December 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  24. ^ "Playing Pakistan depends on government – BCCI". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  25. ^ "No progress on India–Pakistan bilateral ties". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  26. ^ "From Virat Kohli's unbeaten run in T20Is to their 200th international game - IND vs PAK stats you need to know". DNA India. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  27. ^ "Babar Azam, Mohammad Rizwan break Pakistan's World Cup jinx against India with 10-wicket romp". ESPNcricinfo. 24 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  28. ^ "Asia Cup 2023 to be played in Pakistan, confirms PCB chief Ramiz Raja". Wion News. 15 October 2021. Archived from the original on 15 October 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  29. ^ "Asia Cup 2023 will be played at neutral venue, confirms BCCI secretary Jay ..." India Today. 18 October 2022.
  30. ^ "PCB could pull out of 2023 Asia Cup if tournament is moved out of Pakistan". ESPNcricinfo. Archived from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  31. ^ "Pakistan could boycott 2023 50-over World Cup over India's Asia Cup stance". 19 October 2022.
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