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Instruments used in general surgery

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 6 min

There are many different surgical specialties, some of which require specific kinds of surgical instruments to perform.

General surgery is a specialty focused on the abdomen; the thyroid gland; diseases involving skin, breasts, and various soft tissues; trauma; peripheral vascular disease; hernias; and endoscopic procedures.

Instruments can be classified in many ways, but, broadly speaking, there are five kinds of instruments.

  1. Cutting and dissecting instruments
  2. Grasping or holding instruments
  3. Hemostatic instruments
  4. Retractors
  5. Tissue unifying instruments and materials

Instruments used in surgery are:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][excessive citations]

Instrument Name Image Brief description Specific instruments
Electrical cautery Electrical surgical cauterization utilizes electricity in either a monopolar or bipolar format to burn soft tissue and control bleeding[12]
  • Bovie pencil
  • Monopolar hook
  • Monopolar spatula
  • Bipolar forceps
Curette For scraping or debriding biological tissue or debris in a biopsy, excision, or cleaning procedure
Dermatome Removes epidermis to graft over another area
Dissecting forceps Grasping and holding; usually used in skin closures or small wounds Adson
Tissue forceps Grasping and holding tissue Allis
Penetrating towel clamp Used to secure towels or reduce bone fragments Backhaus penetating towel clamp
Carmalt forceps Hemostatic forceps Kalabasa
Cushing forceps Grasping and holding Non-toothed dissecting forceps
Dandy forceps Hemostatic forceps
DeBakey forceps Grasping and holding Non-toothed dissecting forceps designed for use on blood vessels, organs, or delicate tissue
Doyen intestinal clamp Clamps and distractors Non-crushing clamp designed for use on the intestines
Kelly forceps Hemostatic forceps
Kocher forceps Hemostatic forceps
Mosquito forceps Hemostatic forceps
Hook Retractor
Nerve hook Retractor
Skin hook Retractor
Lancet (scalpel) Cutting
Mammotome
Needle holder Grasping and holding
  • Castroviejo
  • Crilewood
  • Mayo-Hegar
  • Olsen-Hegar
Retractor Retractor Handheld:
  • Deaver
  • Weitlander
  • Army-Navy
  • Richardson
  • Richardson-Eastmann
  • Ribbon

Self-retaining:

  • O'Connor-O'Sullivan
  • Thompson
  • Omni-Tract
Ultrasonic scalpel Cutting
Laser scalpel Cutting
Scissors Cutting and spreading May be curved or straight
Speculum Used to retract orifices
  • Graves'
  • Sim's
Suction tube and Yankeur suction tip Accessories and implants
Surgical elevator
Surgical hook Retractor
Surgical blade #15 Used to cut vessels or make small incisions
Surgical mesh Accessories and implants
Surgical needle Accessories and implants
Surgical sponge
GIA stapler Used to make a gastrointestinal anastamosis Linear stapler
Surgical tray
Suture
Tongue depressor
Tonsillotome
Towel clamp Clamp
Towel forceps Clamp
Backhaus towel forceps
Lorna towel clamp Non-penatrating towel clamp
Tracheotome
Tissue expander Accessories and implant
Subcutaneous inflatable balloon expander Accessories and implants
Trephine Cutting instrument
Trocar Access instrument. Used to create an opening into a space without opening the abdominal cavity. A camera is inserted through one to view the interior while instruments are inserted through the others to manipulate the organs.
Ultrasonic energy device Surgical device typically used to dissect tissue, but also seals small vessels and tissue bundles

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "ilizarov.com (English)". Archived from the original on 2013-01-26. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
  2. ^ Children with Tracheostomies Resource Guide, by Marilyn K. Kertoy, p. 15 (Google book search)
  3. ^ Rob Toreki (1 December 2004). "Cannulas". The Glassware Gallery. Interactive Learning ←Paradigms Incorporated.
  4. ^ "Practical approach to nephrostomy". Archived from the original on 2005-11-03. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
  5. ^ See Mr R McElroy for details of various operations and the unintended effects of chemical cauterization
  6. ^ Ring, Malvin (July 2001). "How a Dentist's Name Became a Synonym for a Life-saving Device: The Story of Dr. Charles Stent". Journal of the History of Dentistry. 49 (2): 77–80. PMID 11484317. Archived from the original on 2005-04-28. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
  7. ^ How do they get the hole through a hypodermic needle?
  8. ^ Bonfils-Roberts, E (May 1972). "The Rib Spreader: A Chapter in the History of Thoracic Surgery" (PDF). Chest. 61 (5): 469–474. doi:10.1378/chest.61.5.469. ISSN 0012-3692. PMID 4558402. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-17. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
  9. ^ "General Instrument Sourcebook - KMedic" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
  10. ^ Russell, R. C. G.; Bulstrode, C. J. K.; Williams, N. S. (25 April 2000). Bailey & Love's SHORT PRACTICE OF SURGERY (23rd ed.). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-340-75949-6.
  11. ^ Gould, George M. (1934). Gould's Pocket Pronouncing Medical Dictionary (10th (rev) ed.). P. Blakiston's Son & Co., Inc.
  12. ^ Cordero, Ismael (2015). "Electrosurgical units – how they work and how to use them safely". Community Eye Health. 28 (89): 15–16. ISSN 0953-6833. PMC 4579996. PMID 26435589.
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