Kammalar (caste)

Kammalar
Kammalar
Religions	Hinduism, Christianity
Languages	Tamil, Malayalam
Subdivisions	Thachar; Karthachar; Tharar; Kollar; Kannar;
Related groups	Tamils, Sri Lankan Tamils

Kammalar is a Tamil caste group found in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and in northeastern Sri Lanka. The Kammalars are involved in crafting.^[1] Kammalar is a generic term that comprises the communities of Kannar (brass-workers), Kollar (blacksmiths), Tarar (goldsmiths), Tatchar (carpenters) and Kartatchar (sculptors).^[1]^[2] Kammalars are classified and listed as Backward Class by both the central government of India and the State governments of Tamil Nadu and Kerala [1] They worship various forms of this deity.

Etymology

The word Kammalar is derived from the Tamil word Kam meaning "art" or "operation".^[3] The Kammalar finds mention in ancient Sangam literature, mentioning them by the name Kammiyar. ^[4] Their name is said to be derived from the phrase "one who gives the eyes", referring to their providing the eyes for statues of deities.^[5]

Synonyms

Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka

In Tamil Nadu, Tamil Achari is known as Tamil Kammalars. They are goldsmiths and landlords.

The Kammalar community in Nachiyar Koil town of Tamil Nadu are renowned for making the ornamental brass Nachiarkoil lamps.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2017). Historical Dictionary of the Tamils. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 107, 184. ISBN 978-1-53810-686-0.
^ Nyrop, Richard F.; Studies, American University (Washington, D. C. ) Foreign Area; Army, United States Dept of the (1986). Sri Lanka, a country study. US Government, Dept. of the Army. p. 108.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Mahalingam, T. V. (1967). Early South Indian Paleography. University of Madras. p. 223.
^ Pillay, Kolappa Pillay Kanakasabhapathi (1979). Studies in Indian history: with special reference to Tamil Nādu. Pillay. p. 340.
^ Bernadette Longo (May 2000). Spurious coin: a history of science, management, and technical writing. SUNY Press. pp. 160–. ISBN 978-0-7914-4556-3. Retrieved 24 May 2011.
^ PM Narendra Modi gifts Xi Jinping Annam lamp, Times of India, 11 october 2019.

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[:0-1] Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2017). Historical Dictionary of the Tamils. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 107, 184. ISBN 978-1-53810-686-0.

[2] Nyrop, Richard F.; Studies, American University (Washington, D. C. ) Foreign Area; Army, United States Dept of the (1986). Sri Lanka, a country study. US Government, Dept. of the Army. p. 108.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[3] Mahalingam, T. V. (1967). Early South Indian Paleography. University of Madras. p. 223.

[4] Pillay, Kolappa Pillay Kanakasabhapathi (1979). Studies in Indian history: with special reference to Tamil Nādu. Pillay. p. 340.

[Longo2000-5] Bernadette Longo (May 2000). Spurious coin: a history of science, management, and technical writing. SUNY Press. pp. 160–. ISBN 978-0-7914-4556-3. Retrieved 24 May 2011.

[nachiar1-6] PM Narendra Modi gifts Xi Jinping Annam lamp, Times of India, 11 october 2019.

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Kammalar (caste)

Etymology

Synonyms

Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka

See also

References