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Khordha district

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 13 min
This article is about Khordha District in Odisha, India. For its namesake town, see Khordha.
Khordha district
Khurda
District of Odisha
'From Zigzag from the top': Mangalajodi, IIT Bhubaneswar, Maa Barunei Temple, Pathani Samanta Planetarium, Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary, Khurda Road Junction railway station, Parsurameswara Temple
Nickname: 
Paikagada
Location in Odisha
Location in Odisha
Map
Khordha district
Coordinates: 20°09′58″N 85°39′58″E / 20.166°N 85.666°E / 20.166; 85.666
Country India
State Odisha
HeadquartersKhordha
Government
 • Collector & District MagistrateK Sudarshan Chakravarthy
Area
 • Total
2,813 km2 (1,086 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total
2,251,673
 • Density800/km2 (2,100/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialOdia, English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
751 xxx, 752 xxx
Telephone code674, 6755, 6756
Vehicle registrationOD-02/OD-33, OD-33K
Nearest cityBhubaneswar
Sex ratio1.108 ♂/♀
Literacy87.51%
Lok Sabha constituency2
Vidhan Sabha constituency6
ClimateAw (Köppen)
Precipitation1,443 millimetres (56.8 in)
Avg. summer temperature41.4 °C (106.5 °F)
Avg. winter temperature9.5 °C (49.1 °F)
Websitewww.khordha.nic.in
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Khordha district is an administrative division of the state of Odisha, India. It was formed on April 1, 1993, by the division of former Puri District into Puri, Khordha and Nayagarh districts. In the year 2000 the district name was changed to Khordha. The district headquarters is Khordha Town. The capital city of Bhubaneswar is located in this district.[2] Khordha is the most urbanized of all the districts of Odisha.

Khordha Road, the railway station that serves the town, is also the divisional headquarters of the East Coast Railway of the Indian Railways, and contains its own division. Khordha is known for its brass utensils, cottage industries, railway coach manufacturing and cable manufacturing unit and counsumer food manufacturing unit of various MNCs like Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Unilever, ITC etc.

History

[edit]

It was the capital of Odisha from 1568 to 1803. It is also known for its fort, often described as the "last independent fort".[3] The commander who kept it free from British East India Company was Bakshi Jagabandhu, popularly called 'Paika Bakshi'.

The Savaras tribal group, who are still to be found in the district in some pockets, once heavily populated the area. Khurda came into prominence when the first Rajas of the Khordha dynasty, Ramachandra Deva, made it the capital of his kingdom during the latter part of the 16th century. Khurda suffered repeated onslaughts from Muslim and Maratha cavalry but its royal house retained independence till 1804, when the British East India Company dispossessed Raja of his territory following the Second Anglo-Maratha War.

British government took Odisha under its rule in 1803 but could only include Khurda in 1827. The Paikas of Khurda are known for protesting against the British rule in Odisha.

Geography

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It is also the district headquarters of Khurda district located at 20.11° N 85.40° E. The area of the district is 2,813 km2 (1,086 sq mi).[2] The district is bordered by Cuttack district to the north and east, Puri district to the south, Ganjam district to the west, and Nayagarh district to the northwest. The Daya and Kuakhai Rivers flow through Khurda. The forested area is 618.67 km2 (238.87 sq mi).[4] The district is mainly flat coastal plain, with some hill ranges in the west. It borders the Chilika Lake.

Climate

[edit]
Bhubaneswar
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
12
 
 
28
16
 
 
24
 
 
32
19
 
 
24
 
 
35
22
 
 
22
 
 
37
25
 
 
56
 
 
38
27
 
 
196
 
 
35
26
 
 
325
 
 
32
25
 
 
330
 
 
31
25
 
 
288
 
 
32
25
 
 
208
 
 
31
23
 
 
37
 
 
30
19
 
 
28
 
 
28
15
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: IMD
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
0.5
 
 
83
60
 
 
1
 
 
89
65
 
 
1
 
 
95
72
 
 
0.9
 
 
99
77
 
 
2.2
 
 
100
80
 
 
7.7
 
 
96
79
 
 
13
 
 
89
77
 
 
13
 
 
89
77
 
 
11
 
 
89
77
 
 
8.2
 
 
89
73
 
 
1.5
 
 
86
66
 
 
1.1
 
 
82
60
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
  • Temperature: 41.4 (max), 9.5 (min)[4]
  • Rainfall: 1443 mm (avg)[4]

Economy

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It is renowned for its brass utensils cottage industries, cable factory, spinning mills, watch repairing factory, railway coach repairing factory, oil industries, Coca-Cola bottling plant and small metal industries, or sms group, Iocl gas bottling plant.

Divisions

[edit]
  • Parliamentary constituencies: 2
  • Assembly constituencies: 6
  • Subdivisions: 2[4]
  • Villages: 1,561[4]
  • Blocks: 10[4]
  • Grama panchayat: 168[4]
  • Tehsils: 08[4]
  • Towns: 8[4]
    • Municipality: 2 (Khordha, Jatni)[4]
    • Municipal Corporation: 1 (Bhubaneshwar)[4]
    • N.A.C: 5 (Tangi, Balugaon, Banpur, Begunia, Bolagarh )


Blocks

[edit]
  1. Balianta
  2. Balipatna
  3. Banapur
  4. Begunia
  5. Bhubaneswar
  6. Bolagarh
  7. Chilika
  8. Jatni
  9. Khordha
  10. Tangi

Subdivisions

[edit]

Source:[5]

  1. Bhubaneswar: consists of 4 blocks, viz. Balianta, Balipatana, Jatni, Bhubaneswar.
  2. Khurda: consists of 6 blocks, viz. Tangi, Khorda sadara, Banapur, Begunia, Bolgarh and Chilika.

Demographics

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Historical population
YearPop.±%
1901470,409—    
1911479,645+2.0%
1921431,482−10.0%
1931478,128+10.8%
1941516,719+8.1%
1951557,718+7.9%
1961658,073+18.0%
1971858,554+30.5%
19811,132,182+31.9%
19911,502,014+32.7%
20011,877,395+25.0%
20112,251,673+19.9%
Source: Census of India[6]
Religions in Khordha district (2011)[7]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 95.38%
Islam
 
 3.73%
Christianity
 
 0.56%
Other or not stated
 
 0.33%

According to the 2011 census Khordha district has a population of 2,251,673,[1] roughly equal to the nation of Latvia[8] or the US state of New Mexico.[9] This gives it a ranking of 201st in India (out of a total of 640).[1] The district has a population density of 799 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,070/sq mi).[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 19.65%.[1] Khordha has a sex ratio of 925 females for every 1000 males,[1] and a literacy rate of 87.51%. 48.16% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 13.21% and 5.11% of the population respectively.[1]

Languages of Khordha district (2011)[10]

  Odia (92.13%)
  Urdu (1.98%)
  Telugu (1.69%)
  Hindi (1.55%)
  Bengali (1.38%)
  Others (1.27%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 92.13% of the population in the district spoke Odia, 1.98% Urdu, 1.69% Telugu, 1.55% Hindi, 1.38% Bengali and 0.43% Santali as their first language.[10]

Politics

[edit]

Vidhan sabha constituencies

[edit]
Main article: List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha

The following are the eight Vidhan sabha constituencies[11][12] of Khordha district and the elected members[13] of that area

No. Constituency Reservation Extent of the Assembly Constituency (blocks) Member of 14th Assembly Party
111 Jayadev SC Balianta, Balipatna Arabinda Dhali BJD
112 Bhubaneswar Central None Bhubaneswar MC Ward No. 16 to 29 and 35 to 37 Bijaya Kumar Mohanty BJD
113 Bhubaneswar North None Bhubaneswar (MC) (part), Bhubaneswar (part) Priyadarshi Mishra BJD
114 Ekamra-Bhubaneswar None Bhubaneswar (MC) (part), Bhubaneswar (part) Ashok Chandra Panda BJD
115 Jatani None Jatani (M), Jatani, Khurda (PART), Bhubaneswar (part) Suresh Kumar Routray INC
116 Begunia None Begunia, Bologarh Raja Sahoo BJD
117 Khurda None Khurda (M), Tangi, Khurda (part) Yotirindra Nath Mitra BJD
118 Chilika None Balugaon (NAC), Banapur (NAC), Chilika, Banapur, Prasant Jagdev BJP

Lok Sabha constituencies

[edit]

During 1952 general election, Pandit Lingraj Mishra was elected from the Khurda (Lok Sabha constituency). 1957 onwards members were elected from Bhubaneswar (Lok Sabha constituency).[14]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g "District Census Handbook 2011 - Khordha" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  2. ^ a b Swain, S; et al. (2018). "Development of an ARIMA Model for Monthly Rainfall Forecasting over Khordha District, Odisha, India". Recent Findings in Intelligent Computing Techniques. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Vol. 708. pp. 325–331). doi:10.1007/978-981-10-8636-6_34. ISBN 978-981-10-8635-9.
  3. ^ "History | Welcome to Khordha District Web Portal | India". 1 December 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-01.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Introduction". Khordha district official website. Archived from the original on 2008-10-02. Retrieved 2008-09-12.
  5. ^ "Subdivision & Blocks | Welcome to Khordha District Web Portal | India". Retrieved 2023-12-01.
  6. ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  7. ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Odisha". Census of India, 2011. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  8. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison: Population". Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved 2011-10-01. Latvia 2,204,708 July 2011 est.
  9. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2011-09-30. New Mexico - 2,059,179
  10. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Odisha". Census of India 2011. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  11. ^ Assembly Constituencies and their EXtent
  12. ^ Seats of Odisha
  13. ^ "List of Member in Fourteenth Assembly". ws.ori.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2 May 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  14. ^ "First Lok Sabha - State wise Details - Odisha". Retrieved 20 December 2017.
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