Laventan
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The Laventan (Spanish: Laventense) age is a period of geologic time (13.8 to 11.8 Ma) within the Middle Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Colloncuran and precedes the Mayoan age.[1][2]
Etymology
[edit]The age is named after the Miocene Lagerstätte La Venta, where a rich biodiversity from the Middle Miocene has been recovered from the Honda Group.[2]
Formations
[edit]
Locations of Laventan formations
Fossil content
[edit]Correlations
[edit]The Laventan (13.8 to 11.8 Ma) correlates with:
- NALMA
- latest Barstovian (15.97-13.65 Ma)[135]
- early Clarendonian (13.65-10.3 Ma)[136]
- Californian ages
- Luisian (15.5-13.5 Ma)
- ELMA - Astaracian (15.97-11.608 Ma)[137]
- CPS[138]
- New Zealand stratigraphy - Southland epoch (15.9-10.92 Ma)[141]
- Lillburnian (15.1-12.98 Ma)[142]
- early Waiauan (12.98-10.92 Ma)[143]
- Australian ages
- Bairnsdalian (15.0-10.5 Ma)
- Japanese ages
- Tozawan (15.97-13.5 Ma)
- NMAC - Tunggurian (13.65-11.1 Ma)[144]
| Formation | Honda | Honda | Aisol | Cura-Mallín | Pisco | Ipururo | Pebas | Capadare | Urumaco | Inés | Paraná | Map |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basin | VSM | Honda | San Rafael | Caldera | Pisco | Ucayali | Amazon | Falcón | Venezuela | Paraná |    Laventan (South America) | |
| Country |  Colombia |
 Bolivia |
 Argentina |
 Chile |
 Peru |
 Venezuela |
Argentina
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| Boreostemma |  |
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| Hapalops | |
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| Miocochilius | |
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| Theosodon | |
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| Xenastrapotherium | |
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| Mylodontidae | |
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| Sparassodonta | |
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| Primates |  |
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| Rodents |  |
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| Birds |  |
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| Terror birds |  |
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| Reptiles |  |
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| megalodon |  |
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| Flora | 
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| Insects |  |
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| Environments | Fluvial | Fluvio-deltaic | Fluvio-lacustrine | Fluvio-deltaic | Fluvial |  Laventan volcanoclastics Laventan fauna Laventan flora | ||||||
| Volcanic | Yes | |||||||||||
References
[edit]- ^ "Laventan". The Paleobiology Database. Archived from the original on 2012-10-12.
- ^ a b Madden et al. 1997
- ^ Villarroel A. et al. 1996, p. 54
- ^ Marshall & Sempere 1991, p. 635
- ^ Forasiepi et al. 2011, p. 149
- ^ Le Roux et al. 2016, p. 46
- ^ Penín Cendón & Villarroel Estaba 2005, p. 138
- ^ Marshall & Sempere 1991, p. 636
- ^ Utgé et al. 2009[page needed]
- ^ a b Antoine et al. 2016, p. 56
- ^ Martín Pérez 2013, p. 51
- ^ Wesselingh et al. 2006, p. 304
- ^ Brand et al. 2011[page needed]
- ^ Simpson 1947, p. 2
- ^ a b Villarroel & Clavijo 2005, p. 348[failed verification]
- ^ Linares 2004, p. 5
- ^ Linares 2004, p. 16
- ^ Croft, 2007, p.299
- ^ Croft, 2007, p.300
- ^ Croft, 2007, p.301
- ^ Croft, 2007, p.302
- ^ Croft, 2007, p.303
- ^ Meldrum & Kay, 1997
- ^ Organ & Lemelin, 2011
- ^ Rosenberger et al., 1991
- ^ Setoguchi & Rosenberger, 1988
- ^ Setoguchi, 1985
- ^ Takai et al., 2001
- ^ Tejedor, 2013, p.22
- ^ Defler, 2004, p.32
- ^ Cebupithecia sarmientoi at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Miocallicebus villaviejai at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Neosaimiri annectens at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Stirtonia tatacoensis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Stirtonia victoriae at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Vallejo Pareja et al., 2015
- ^ Pardo Jaramillo, 2010
- ^ Granastrapotherium snorki, Sebecus sp. at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Villarroel, 2000, p.118
- ^ Kay & Madden, 1997, p.171
- ^ Neonematherium flabellatum at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Brievabradys laventensis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Huilabradys magdaleniensis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Czaplewski et al., 2003, p.278
- ^ Neotamandua borealis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Pseudoprepotherium confusum at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Anadasypus hondanus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Boreostemma acostae at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Boreostemma gigantea at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Neoglyptatelus originalis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Pedrolypeutes praecursor at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Scirrotherium hondaensis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Prolicaphrium sanalfolsensis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Prothoatherium colombianus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Duke Locality 33 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Villarroelia totoyoi at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Villarroel, 1997
- ^ Villarroel et al., 1996, p.63
- ^ Hoffstetter, 1971, p.40
- ^ Suárez et al., 2015
- ^ Marshall, 1976
- ^ Hondadelphys fieldsi at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Pachybiotherium minor at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Thylamys colombianus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Thylamys minutus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Hondathentes cazador at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Pithiculites chenche at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Neoreomys huilensis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Rhodanodolichotis antepridiana at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Scleromys colombianus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Scleromys schurmanni at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Prodolichotis guerreroi at Fossilworks.org
- ^ UCMP V4936 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Eodolichotis elachys at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Eodolichotis maddeni at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Rhodanodolichotis vucetichae at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Takai et al., 1991
- ^ Kiotomops lopezi at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Potamops mascahehenes at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Thyroptera robusta at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Engelman et al., 2016
- ^ Pujos et al., 2014
- ^ Hondalagus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Quebrada Honda at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Engelman et al., 2018
- ^ Forasiepi et al., 2015
- ^ a b c Cerro Aisol at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Choquecota at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Cerro los Pinos at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b IN-DTC-20 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ IN-DTC-28 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ IN-DTC-32 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Río Sepa at Fossilworks.org
- ^ SEP 005 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ IN 008 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b Pueblo Brugo to Diamante at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b c CTA-45 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Banks of the Rio Guere at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Calle Fria-Segovia at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b South East of 'Cerro los Chivatos' at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Mirandabradys Urumaco 01 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Biozona 1 Loc 44-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Rasmussen, 1997
- ^ Miller, 1953
- ^ Los Dedos at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Zumbador Cave at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Estes & Wassersug, 1963
- ^ Gryposuchus colombianus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Sebecus huiensis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Dracaena colombiana at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Purussaurus neivensis at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Charactosuchus fieldsi at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Mourasuchus atopus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ UCMP Locality V4524 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Balanerodus logimus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Eocaiman at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Cadena et al., 2008, p.1206
- ^ De la Fuente et al., 2013, p.102
- ^ Geochelone hesterna at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Hsiou et al., 2010
- ^ (in Spanish) Fauna de La Venta - serpientes
- ^ Ferreira et al., 2015
- ^ Salas Gismondi et al., 2015
- ^ IQ114 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Quebrada Honda at Fossilworks.org
- ^ East of Capirote, road to Quebrada Honda at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Sur Quebrada Bejucal at Fossilworks.org
- ^ (in Spanish) Fauna de La Venta - flora, cangrejos y peces
- ^ Kay & Madden, 1997, p.185
- ^ Lundberg & Chernoff, 1992, p.5
- ^ Brachyplatystoma promagdalena at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Socorro at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Amazonian amber at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Toma Vieja at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Barstovian at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Clarendonian at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Astaracian at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Central Paratethys Stages at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Badenian at Fossilworks.org
- ^ [1] Sarmatian] at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Southland epoch at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Lillburnian at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Waiauan at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Tunggurian at Fossilworks.org
Bibliography
[edit]- Laventan
- Madden, R.H.; Guerrero, J.; Kay, R.F.; Flynn, J.J.; Swisher III, C.C.; Walton, A.H. (1997), "The Laventan Stage and Age", in Kay, R.F.; Madden, R.H.; Cifelli, R.L.; Flynn, J.J. (eds.), Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics. The Miocene Fauna of La Venta, Colombia, Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 499–519, retrieved 2019-02-28
- Honda Group, Colombia
- Cadena, Edwin; Jaramillo, Carlos; Páramo, María E. (2008), "New material of Chelus colombiana (Testudines; Pleurodira) from the Lower Miocene of Colombia" (PDF), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28 (4): 1206–1212, Bibcode:2008JVPal..28.1206C, doi:10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.1206, retrieved 2017-05-04
- Croft, Darin A (2007), "The Middle Miocene (Laventan) Quebrada Honda Fauna, southern Bolivia and a description of its Notoungulates", Palaeontology, 50 (1): 277–303, Bibcode:2007Palgy..50..277C, doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00610.x
- Czaplewski, Nicolas J.; Takai, Masanaru; Naeher, Tiffany M.; Shigehara, Nobuo; Setoguchi, Takeshi (2003), "Additional bats from the middle Miocene La Venta fauna of Colombia" (PDF), Revista Académica Colombiana de Ciencias Naturales, vol. XXVII, pp. 263–282, retrieved 2017-05-04
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- Rosenberger, A.L.; Setoguchi, T.; Hartwig, W.C. (1991), "Laventiana annectens, new genus and species: fossil evidence for the origins of callitrichine New World monkeys", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 88 (6): 2137–2140, Bibcode:1991PNAS...88.2137R, doi:10.1073/pnas.88.6.2137, PMC 51184, PMID 1900937
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- Tejedor, Marcelo F (2013), "Sistemática, evolución y paleobiogeografía de los primates Platyrrhini" (PDF), Revista del Museo de La Plata, vol. 20, pp. 20–39, retrieved 2017-05-04
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- Villarroel A., Carlos S (2000), "Un nuevo Mylodontinae (Xenarthra, Tardigrada) en la Fauna de La Venta, Mioceno de Colombia: el estado actual de la Familia Orophodontidae" (PDF), Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, vol. 24, pp. 117–127, retrieved 2017-05-04
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- Honda Group, Bolivia
- Croft, Darin A (2007), "The Middle Miocene (Laventan) Quebrada Honda Fauna, southern Bolivia and a description of its Notoungulates", Palaeontology, 50 (1): 277–303, Bibcode:2007Palgy..50..277C, doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00610.x
- Engelman, Russell K.; Anaya, Federico; Croft, Darin A. (2018), "Australogale leptognathus, gen. et sp. nov., a second species of small sparassodont (Mammalia: Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia", Journal of Mammalian Evolution, vol. in press, retrieved 2018-10-01
- Engelman, Russell K.; Anaya, Federico; Croft, Darin A. (2016), "New palaeothentid marsupials (Paucituberculata) from the middle Miocene of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia, and their implications for the palaeoecology, decline and extinction of the Palaeothentoidea", Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 15 (10): 787–820, doi:10.1080/14772019.2016.1240112, retrieved 2019-02-12
- Pujos, François; De Iuliis, Gerardo; Mamani Quispe, Bernardino; Andrade Flores, Ruben (2014), "Lakukullus anatisrostratus, gen. et sp. nov., a new massive nothrotheriid sloth (Xenarthra, Pilosa) from the middle Miocene of Bolivia", Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 34 (5): 1243–1248, Bibcode:2014JVPal..34.1243P, doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.849716, hdl:11336/32146, retrieved 2019-02-12
- Aisol Formation
- Forasiepi, Analía M.; Cerdeño, Esperanza; Bond, Mariano; Schmidt, Gabriela I.; Naipauer, Maximiliano; Straehl, Fiona R.; Martinelli, Agustín G.; Garrido, Alberto C.; Schmitz and James L. Crowley, Mark D. (2015), "New toxodontid (Notoungulata) from the Early Miocene of Mendoza, Argentina", Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 89 (3): 611–634, Bibcode:2015PalZ...89..611F, doi:10.1007/s12542-014-0233-5, retrieved 2019-02-13
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- Bahía Inglesa Formation
- Achurra, L.E.; Lacassie, J.P.; Le Roux, J.P.; Marquadt, C.; Belmar, M.; Ruiz Del Solar, J.; Ishman, S.E. (2009), "Manganese nodules in the Miocene Bahía Inglesa Formation, north-central Chile: Petrography, geochemistry, genesis and palaeoceanographic significance" (PDF), Sedimentary Geology, 217 (1): 128–139, Bibcode:2009SedG..217..128A, doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2009.03.016, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Achurra, L.; Marquadt, C.; Lacassie, J.P.; Le Roux, J.P. (2003), Nódulos de Mn de la Formación Bahía Inglesa: geoquímica, génesis e implicancias paleoambientales (PDF), X Congreso Geológico Chileno, pp. 1–10, archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-26, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina; Canto, Jhoann (2005), "Primer registro de cráneos asignados a Palaeospheniscus (Aves, Spheniscidae) procedentes de la Formación Bahía Inglesa (Mioceno Medio-Tardío), Chile" (PDF), Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, vol. 78, pp. 489–495, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Benson, Richard D (2015), "A new species of penguin from the late Miocene of Chile, with comments on the stratigraphic range of Palaeospheniscus" (PDF), Scientific Publications of the Science Museum of Minnesota, New Series, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 5–22, retrieved 2019-02-13
- Chávez Hoffmeister, Martín Felipe (2008), La ornitofauna de la Formación Bahía Inglesa, Caldera, Chile (MSc. thesis) (PDF), Universidad Austral de Chile, pp. 1–165, retrieved 2017-08-15
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- Chávez, Martín (2007), "Spheniscus megaramphus Stucchi et al. 2003 (Aves: Sphenisciformes) en la Formación Bahía Inglesa, Chile", Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica del Perú, vol. 102, pp. 101–107, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Le Roux, Jacobus P.; Achurra, Luciano; Henríquez, Álvaro; Carreño, Catalina; Rivera, Huber; Suárez, Mario E.; Ishman, Scott E.; Pyenson, Nicholas D.; Gutstein, Carolina S. (2016), "Oroclinal bending of the Juan Fernández Ridge suggested by geohistory analysis of the Bahía Inglesa Formation, north-central Chile" (PDF), Sedimentary Geology, 333: 32–49, Bibcode:2016SedG..333...32L, doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2015.12.003, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Le Roux, Jacobus P.; Achurra, Luciano; Henríquez, Álvaro; Carreño, Catalina; Rivera, Huber (2015), Lithostratigraphy, depositional environments and tectonic setting of the Bahía Inglesa Formation west of Copiapó, north-central Chile (PDF), XIV Congreso Geológico Chileno, pp. 821–824, archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-26, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Oyanadel Urbina, Pablo; Carrillo Briceño, Jorge; Villafaña, Jaime; Castelleto, Victor; Varas, Cristian; Alballay, Alex; Rivadeneira, Marcelo (2015), Nuevo registro de familias de peces óseos en Formación Bahía Inglesa (PDF), XIV Congreso Geológico Chileno, pp. 1–4, archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-26, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Staig, Felipe; Hernández, Sebastián; López, Patricio; Villafaña, Jaime A.; Varas, Cristian; Soto, Luis Patricio; Carrillo Briceño, Jorge D. (2015), "Late Neogene Elasmobranch fauna from the Coquimbo Formation, Chile", Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, 18 (2): 261–272, doi:10.4072/rbp.2015.2.07, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Suárez, Mario E (2011), Línea de base paleontológica proyecto Puerto Santa Fe (PDF), Comuna de Caldera Región de Atacama, pp. 1–29, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Valenzuela Toro, Ana; Gutstein, Carolina S., Mamíferos marinos fósiles (excepto Cetacea) de Formación Bahía Inglesa: Registro, implicancias paleoambientales y perspectivas de estudio (PDF), pp. 770–772, archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-26, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Capadare Formation
- Ferreira, Gabriel S.; Rincón, Ascanio D.; Solórzano, Andrés; Langer, Max C. (2015), "The last marine pelomedusoids (Testudines: Pleurodira): a new species of Bairdemys and the paleoecology of Stereogenyina" (PDF), PeerJ, 3: e1063, doi:10.7717/peerj.1063, PMC 4493680, PMID 26157628, retrieved 2019-02-13
- Penín Cendón, José Antonio; Villarroel Estaba, Vanessa Ilia (2005), Integracrón y actualización geológica del área de Jacura y Capadare, Estado Falcón (PDF), Universidad Central de Venezuela, pp. 1–199, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Choquecota and Mauri Formations
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- Cura-Mallín Group
- Flynn, John J.; Charrier, Reynaldo; Croft, Darin A.; Gans, Phillip B.; Herriott, Trystan M.; Wertheim, Jill A.; Wyss, André R. (2008), "Chronologic implications of new Miocene mammals from the Cura-Mallín and Trapa Trapa formations, Laguna del Laja area, south central Chile" (PDF), Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 26 (4): 412–423, Bibcode:2008JSAES..26..412F, doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2008.05.006, retrieved 2017-10-20
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- Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation
- Reichler, Valeria A (2010), "Estratigrafía y paleontología del Cenozoico marino del Gran Bajo y Salinas del Gualicho, Argentina, y descripción de 17 especies nuevas" (PDF), Andean Geology, vol. 31, pp. 177–219, retrieved 2018-09-11
- Ipururo and Pebas Formations
- Antoine, Pierre-Olivier; Abello, M. Alejandra; Adnet, Sylvain; Altamirano Sierra, Ali J.; Baby, Patrice; Billet, Guillaume; Boivin, Myriam; Calderón, Ysabel; Candela, Adriana (March 2016), "A 60-million-year Cenozoic history of western Amazonian ecosystems in Contamana, eastern Peru", Gondwana Research, 31: 30–59, Bibcode:2016GondR..31...30A, doi:10.1016/j.gr.2015.11.001, hdl:11336/99030, retrieved 2017-08-15
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - Wesselingh, F.P.; Hoorn, M.C.; Guerrero, J.; Räsänen, M.E.; Romero Pittmann, L.; Salo, J. (2006), "The stratigraphy and regional structure of Miocene deposits in western Amazonia (Peru, Colombia and Brazil), with implications for late Neogene landscape evolution", Scripta Geologica, vol. 133, pp. 291–322, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Paraná Formation
- Cione, Alberto Luis; Cabrera, Daniel Alfredo; Barla, María Julia (2012), "Oldest record of the Great White Shark (Lamnidae, Carcharodon; Miocene) in the Southern Atlantic" (PDF), Geobios, 45 (2): 167–172, Bibcode:2012Geobi..45..167C, doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2011.06.002, hdl:11336/139163, retrieved 2017-10-22
- Martín Pérez, Leandro (2013), Sistemática, tafonomía y paleoecología de los invertebrados de la Formación Paraná (Mioceno), Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina (PhD thesis) (PDF), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, pp. 1–398, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Pisco Formation
- Altamirano Sierra, Alí J (2013), "Primer registro de pelicano (Aves: Pelecanidae) para el Mioceno tardio de la formacion Pisco, Peru" (PDF), Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines, vol. 42, pp. 1–12, retrieved 2017-09-04
- Báez Gómez, Diego A (2006), "Estudio paleoambiental de la formación Pisco:: Localidad Ocucaje" (PDF), Revista del Instituto de Investigaciones FIGMMG, vol. 9, pp. 64–69, retrieved 2017-09-04
- Bianucci, Giovanni; Di Celma, Claudio; Urbina, Mario; Lambert, Olivier (2016), "New beaked whales from the late Miocene of Peru and evidence for convergent evolution in stem and crown Ziphiidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti)" (PDF), PeerJ, 4: e2479, doi:10.7717/peerj.2479, PMC 5036081, PMID 27688973, retrieved 2019-02-12
- Brand, Leonard; Urbina, Mario; Chadwick, Arthur; DeVries, Thomas J.; Esperante, Raul (2011), "A high resolution stratigraphic framework for the remarkable fossil cetacean assemblage of the Miocene/Pliocene Pisco Formation, Peru", Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 31 (4): 414–425, Bibcode:2011JSAES..31..414B, doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2011.02.015
- Collareta, Alberto; Lambert, Olivier; De Muizon, Christian; Urbina, Mario; Bianucci, Giovanni (2017), "Koristocetus pescei gen. et sp. nov., a diminutive sperm whale (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Kogiidae) from the late Miocene of Peru", Fossil Record, 20 (2): 259–278, Bibcode:2017FossR..20..259C, doi:10.5194/fr-20-259-2017, hdl:11568/891486, retrieved 2019-02-12
- Lambert, Olivier; Bianucci, Giovanni; Urbina, Mario; Geisler, Jonathan H. (2017), "A new inioid (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinida) from the Miocene of Peru and the origin of modern dolphin and porpoise families", Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. 179, no. 4, pp. 919–946
- Marx, Felix G.; Lambert, Olivier; De Muizon, Christian (2017), "A new Miocene baleen whale from Peru deciphers the dawn of cetotheriids", Royal Society Open Science, 4 (9): 170560, Bibcode:2017RSOS....470560M, doi:10.1098/rsos.170560, PMC 5627101, PMID 28989761, retrieved 2019-02-12
- Marx, Felix G.; Kohno, Naoki (2016), "A new Miocene baleen whale from the Peruvian desert", Royal Society Open Science, 3 (10): 160542, Bibcode:2016RSOS....360542M, doi:10.1098/rsos.160542, PMC 5098998, PMID 27853573, retrieved 2019-02-12
- Poma Porras, Orlando; Horna Santillán, Edgard; Esperante, Raúl (2009), "Baleen Fósil (Cetacea: mysticeti) en Sedimentos de la Cuenca Marina del Neógeno en la Formación Pisco, al Sur del Perú" (PDF), Revista de Investigación Universitaria, vol. 1, pp. 84–97, retrieved 2017-09-04
- Ramassamy, Benjamin; Lambert, Olivier; Collareta, Alberto; Urbina, Mario; Bianucci, Giovanni (2018), "Description of the skeleton of the fossil beaked whale Messapicetus gregarius: searching potential proxies for deep-diving abilities" (PDF), Fossil Record, 21 (1): 11–32, Bibcode:2018FossR..21...11R, doi:10.5194/fr-21-11-2018, retrieved 2019-02-11
- Solís Mundaca, Flavio Alejandro (2018), Bioestratigrafía e implicancias paleoceanográficas de las diatomeas de la sección Cerro Caucato, Formación Pisco, Ica, Peru (MSc. thesis) (PDF), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, pp. 1–158, retrieved 2018-09-10
- Stucchi, Marcelo; Emslie, Steven D.; Varas Malca, Rafael M.; Urbina Schmitt, Mario (2015a), "A new late Miocene condor (Aves, Cathartidae) from Peru and the origin of South American condors", Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 35 (5): e972507, Bibcode:2015JVPal..35E2507S, doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.972507, retrieved 2019-02-13
- Stucchi, Marcelo; Varas Malca, Rafael M.; Urbina Schmitt, Mario (2015b), "New Miocene sulid birds from Peru and considerations on their Neogene fossil record in the Eastern Pacific Ocean" (PDF), Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 417–427, retrieved 2019-02-13
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- Santa Inés Formation
- Simpson, George Gaylord (1947), "A Miocene glyptodont from Venezuela", American Museum Novitates, no. 1368, pp. 1–10, CiteSeerX 10.1.1.866.6506
- Sincelejo Formation
- Villarroel A., Carlos; Clavijo, Javier (2023), "Los mamíferos fósiles y las edades de las sedimentitas continentales del Neógeno de la Costa Caribe Colombiana" (PDF), Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, vol. 29, no. 112, pp. 345–356, doi:10.18257/raccefyn.29(112).2005.2169, retrieved 2019-02-04
- Socorro and Urumaco Formations
- Carrillo Briceño, Jorge D.; Maxwell, Erin; Aguilera, Órangel A.; Sánchez, Rodolfo; Sánchez Villagra, Marcelo R. (2015), "Sawfishes and Other Elasmobranch Assemblages from the Mio-Pliocene of the South Caribbean (Urumaco Sequence, Northwestern Venezuela)", PLoS ONE, 10 (10): e0139230, Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1039230C, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139230, PMC 4619466, PMID 26488163
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- Quijano Ballesteros, Jhon Richard (2005), Estudio magnetoestratigráfico en la sección de El Mamón (miembro medio de la Formación Urumaco, Estado Falcón) (MSc. thesis) (PDF), Universidad Simón Bolívar, pp. 1–92, retrieved 2017-10-27
- Rincón, Ascanio D.; Solórzano, Andrés; McDonald, H. Gregory; Montellano Ballesteros, Marisol (2018), "Two new megalonychid sloths (Mammalia: Xenarthra) from the Urumaco Formation (late Miocene), and their phylogenetic affinities", Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 17 (5): 409–421, doi:10.1080/14772019.2018.1427639
- Rincón, Ascanio D.; McDonald, H. Gregory; Solórzano, Andrés; Núñez Flores, Mónica; Ruiz Ramoni, Damián (2015), "A new enigmatic Late Miocene mylodontoid sloth from northern South America", Royal Society Open Science, 2 (2): 140256, Bibcode:2015RSOS....240256R, doi:10.1098/rsos.140256, PMC 4448802, PMID 26064594
Further reading
[edit]- Croft, Darin A (2016), Horned Armadillos and Rafting Monkeys: The Fascinating Fossil Mammals of South America, Indiana University Press, pp. 1–320, ISBN 9780253020949, retrieved 2017-10-21
- Fleagle, John G.; Rosenberger, Alfred L. (2013), The Platyrrhine Fossil Record, Elsevier, pp. 1–256, ISBN 9781483267074, retrieved 2017-10-21
- Sánchez Villagra, Marcelo R.; Aguilera, Órangel A.; Carlini, Alfredo A. (2010), Urumaco and Venezuelan Paleontology: The Fossil Record of the Northern Neotropics, Indiana University Press, pp. 1–304, ISBN 9780253002006, retrieved 2017-10-21
- Hartwig, W.C.; Meldrum, D.J. (2002), The Primate Fossil Record - Miocene platyrrhines of the northern Neotropics, Cambridge University Press, pp. 175–188, ISBN 978-0-521-08141-2, retrieved 2017-09-24
- Kay, Richard F.; Madden, Richard H.; Flynn, John J.; Cifelli, Richard L. (1997), Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics: The Miocene Fauna of La Venta, Colombia, Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, pp. 1–608, ISBN 9781935623854, retrieved 2017-10-21
- Simpson, George Gaylord (1996), Splendid Isolation: The Curious History of South American Mammals, UMI, pp. 1–275, ISBN 9780783733111, retrieved 2017-10-21
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