The following article is a list of Indian scientists spanning from Ancient to Modern India, who have had a major impact in the field of science and technology.
Indian physicists and engineers
Ancient India (Pre 300 BCE)[ edit ]
Lagadha , astronomer, author of one of the oldest known treatises on astrology (around late 2nd millennium BCE and early 1st millennium BCE)
Baudhayana , mathematician, author of oldest surviving texts of Indian mathematics (around 1st millennium BCE)
Jivaka , physician, widely regarded as a model healer in the Eastern world during ancient times (5th century BCE)
Sushruta , father of plastic surgery, author of Sushruta Samhita which is one of the most important ancient medical treatise (600–500 BCE)
Panini , father of linguistics (600–400 BCE)
Charaka , physician (400–300 BCE)
Kanada , natural scientist and philosopher who founded the Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy which talks about atomism.(Unclear; 600–200 BCE)
Shalihotra , veterinarian (3rd century BCE)
Classical period (300 BCE–500 CE)[ edit ]
Pingala , mathematician and linguist (3rd–2nd century BCE)
Chanakya , polymath (375–283 BCE)
Early medieval period (500–1000 CE)[ edit ]
Varahamihira , astronomer (5th–6th century CE)
Vagbhata , physician (6th century CE)
Brahmagupta , mathematician and astronomer (598–688 CE)
Bhaskara I , mathematician and astronomer (600–680 CE)
Haridatta , astronomer (6th century CE)
Lalla , astronomer and astrologer (720–790 CE)
Madhava-kara , physician (7th–8th century CE)
Gautama Siddha , astrologer, astronomer and compiler in Tang Dynasty, introduced 0 and Indian numerals in China (8th century CE)
Shankaranarayana , astronomer and astrologist (840–900 CE)
Mahavira , mathematician (9th century CE)
Halayudha , mathematician (10th century CE)
Aryabhata II , mathematician and astronomer (920–1000 CE)
Manjula , astronomer (Born 932 CE)
Utpala , astronomer (9th–10th CE)
Vijayanandi , astronomer (940–1010 CE)
Late medieval period (1000–1500 CE)[ edit ]
Sripati , astronomer, astrologer and mathematician (1019–1066 CE)
Brahmadeva , mathematician and astronomer (1060–1130 CE)
Satananda , astronomer (1068–1099 CE)
Bhaskara II , mathematician and astronomer (1114–1185 CE)
Suryadeva Yajvan , astronomer and astrologer (1191– at least 1248 CE)
Govinda Bhattathiri , astronomer and astrologer (1237–1295 CE)
Madhava of Sangamagrama , mathematician and astronomer, founded Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics (1340–1425 CE)
Mahendra Suri , astronomer, wrote the Yantraraja, the first Indian treatise on the astrolabe (1340–1400 CE)
Parameshvara Nambudiri , astronomer (1380–1460 CE)
Nilakantha Somayaji , astronomer (1444–1544 CE)
Damodara , astronomer (15th century CE)
Keshava of Nandigrama , astrologer and astronomer (1496–1507)
Early modern period (1500–1800 CE)[ edit ]
Jyesthadeva , astronomer (1500–1575 CE)
Paarangot Jyeshtadevan Namboodiri , mathematician and astronomer (1500–1610 CE)
Shankara Variyar , astronomer and mathematician (1500–1560 CE)
Achyutha Pisharadi , Sanskrit linguist, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician (1550–1621 CE)
Nilakantha Daivajna , astronomer and astrologer (6th century CE)
Kamalakara , astronomer and mathematician (1616–1700 CE)
Puthumana Somayaji , astronomer and mathematician (1660–1740 CE)
Jagannatha Samrat , astronomer and mathematician (1652–1744 CE)
Sawai Jai Singh , ruler and astronomer, commissioned Jantar Mantar observatory (1688–1743 CE)
Sankara Varman , astronomer and mathematician (1774–1839 CE)
Radhanath Sikdar , mathematician, calculated height of Mt. Everest (1813–1870 CE)
Gode Venkata Juggarow , astronomer (1817–1856 CE)
Pathani Samanta , astronomer (1835–1904 CE)
Jagdish Chandra Bose , polymath, father of radio science (1858–1937 CE)
Sir M. Visvesvaraya , civil engineer and statesman (1861–1962 CE)
Prafulla Chandra Ray , chemist (1861–1944 CE)
Shankar Abaji Bhise , invented type setting machine (1867–1935 CE)
Indumadhab Mallick , polymath, inventor of icmic cooker (1869–1917 CE)
Upendranath Brahmachari , physician (1873–1946 CE) synthesised urea-stibamine (carbostibamide) for the treatment of Kala-azar visceral leishmaniasis
Shiv Ram Kashyap , botanist (1882–1934 CE)
Darashaw Nosherwan Wadia , geologist (1883–1969 CE)
Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje , scholar and agronomist (1884–1967 CE)
M. O. P. Iyengar , botanist and phycologist (1886–1963 CE)
Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (C. V. Raman) , physicist (1888–1970 CE)
Srinivasa Ramanujan , mathematician (1887–1920 CE)
Satya Churn Law , naturalist and ornithologist (1888–1984 CE)
Sisir Kumar Mitra , radio and atmospheric physicist (1890–1963 CE)
Birbal Sahni , paleobotanist (1891–1949 CE)
K. R. Ramanathan , physicist and meteorologist (1893–1984 CE)
K. Ananda Rau , mathematician (1893–1966 CE)
Meghnad Saha , astrophysicist (1893–1956 CE)
Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis , statistician (1893–1972 CE)
Jnan Chandra Ghosh , chemist (1894–1959 CE)
Satyendra Nath Bose , theoretical physicist, father of God Particle (1894–1974 CE)
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar , colloid chemist (1894–1955 CE)
Yellapragada Subbarow , biochemist (1895–1948 CE)
Sunder Lal Hora , ichthyologist (1896–1955 CE)
Salim Ali , ornithologist and naturalist (1896–1987 CE)
Janaki Ammal , botanist (1897–1984 CE)
K.S. Krishnan , physicist (1898–1961 CE)
M. S. Krishnan , geologist (1898–1970 CE)
Kotcherlakota Rangadhama Rao , physicist (1898–1972 CE)
Early 20th century CE [ edit ]
Kedareswar Banerjee , crystallographer (1900–1975 CE)
L. A. Ramdas , physicist and meteorologist (1900–1979 CE)
Raj Chandra Bose , mathematician (1901-1987 CE)
Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai , mathematician (1901–1950 CE)
Panchanan Maheshwari , botanist, invented test-tube fertilisation technique of Angiosperms (1904–1966 CE)
Kailas Nath Kaul , agronomist (1905–1983 CE)
Benjamin Peary Pal , agronomist (1906–1989 CE)
Daulat Singh Kothari , physicist (1906–1993 CE)
Vishnu Vasudev Narlikar , physicist (1908–1991 CE)
Homi Jehangir Bhabha , nuclear physicist, father of Indian nuclear programme (1909–1966 CE)
Nautam Bhatt , physicist (1909–2005 CE)
P.R. Pisharoty , physicist and meteorologist (1909–2002 CE)
Suri Bhagavantam , physicist (1909–1989 CE)
Subramanyan Chandrasekhar , theoretical physicist, known for Chandrasekhar Limit (1910–1995 CE)
Kamala Sohonie , biochemist (1911–1998 CE)
A. S. Rao , physicist (1914–2003 CE)
Sambhu Nath De , pathlogist (1915–1985 CE)
Asima Chatterjee , chemist (1917–2006 CE)
M. S. Balakrishnan , phycologist (1917–1990 CE)
Waman Dattatreya Patwardhan , nuclear chemist (1917–2007 CE)
Anna Mani , physicist and meteorologist (1918–2001 CE)
Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya , physicist and mathematician (1918–2010 CE)
Shya Chitaley , paleobotanist (1918–2013 CE)
V. S. Huzurbazar , statistician (1919–1991 CE)
Vikram Sarabhai , physicist and astronomer, established Physical Research Laboratory (1919–1971 CE)
K. S. Chandrasekharan , mathematician (1920–2017 CE)
Satish Dhawan , aerospace engineer (1920–2002 CE)
Siva Brata Bhattacherjee , X-ray crystallographer (1921–2003 CE)
Vasudeva Krishnamurthy , algologist (1921–2014 CE)
G. N. Ramachandran , biophysicist (1922–2001 CE)
Har Gobind Khorana , biochemist (1922–2011 CE)
Yelavarthy Nayudamma , chemical engineer (1922–1985 CE)
Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri , theoretical physicist (1923–2005 CE)
B. V. Sreekantan , astrophysicist (1923–2019 CE)
Homi Sethna , nuclear physicist and chemist (1923–2010 CE)
Harish-Chandra , mathematician and physicist (1923–1983 CE)
Ranjan Roy Daniel , physicist (1923–2005 CE)
M. S. Swaminathan , agronomist (1925–2023 CE)
Nitya Anand , medicinal chemist (1925–2024 CE)
Raja Ramanna , nuclear physicist (1925–2004 CE)
Narinder Singh Kapany , physicist (1926–2020 CE)
Syed Zahoor Qasim , marine biologist (1926–2015 CE)
Samarendra Nath Biswas , theoretical physicist (1926–2005 CE)
Yash Pal , space scientist (1926–2017 CE)
Gopinath Kartha , crystallographer (1927–1984 CE)
Purnima Sinha , physicist (1927–2015 CE)
Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman , metallurgist (1927–2009 CE)
Vainu Bappu , astronomer (1927–1982 CE)
M. G. K. Menon , physicist (1928–2016 CE)
U. Aswathanarayana , geologist (1928–2016 CE)
Asoke Nath Mitra , theoretical physicist (1929–2022 CE)
Arvind Joshi , computational linguist (1929–2017 CE)
Amar Bose , electrical engineer (1929–2013 CE)
Govind Swarup , radioastronomer (1929–2020 CE)
Kookal Ramunni Krishnan , physician (1929–1999 CE)
Krityunjai Prasad Sinha , theoretical physicist (1929–2023 CE)
Shrinivas Kulkarni , mathematician (1930–2012 CE)
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam , aerospace engineer, missile man of India (1931–2015 CE)
E. C. George Sudarshan , theoretical physicist (1931–2018 CE)
Manilal Bhaumik , physicist (1931–present CE)
Nilamber Pant , space scientist (1931–present CE)
P. K. Iyengar , nuclear physicist (1931–2011 CE)
Surindar Kumar Trehan , mathematician (1931–2004 CE)
C. S. Seshadri , mathematician (1932–2020 CE)
Ganeshan Venkataraman , condensed matter physicist (1932–present CE)
M. S. Narasimhan , mathematician (1932–2021 CE)
Obaid Siddiqi , biologist (1932–2013 CE)
Ratan Lal Brahmachary , biochemist (1932–2018 CE)
Udipi Ramachandra Rao , space scientist (1932–2017 CE)
Daya-Nand Verma , mathematician (1933–2012 CE)
Amartya Sen , economist and philosopher (1933–present CE)
Vasant Ranchhod Gowarikar , meteorologist (1933–2015 CE)
Roddam Narasimha , aerospace scientist and fluid dynamicist (1934–2020 CE)
Ajoy Ghose , mining engineer (1934–2019 CE)
C. N. R. Rao , chemist (1934–present CE)
Gandikota V. Rao , atmospheric scientist (1934–2004 CE)
Subramania Ranganathan , bioorganic chemist (1934–2016 CE)
S. Pancharatnam , optical physicist (1934–1969 CE)
Animesh Chakravorty , chemist (1935–present CE)
Vinod Johri , astrophycisist (1935–2015 CE)
E. S. Raja Gopal , condensed matter physicist (1936–2018 CE)
Jasbir Singh Bajaj , physician and diabetologist (1936–2019 CE)
Rajagopala Chidambaram , nuclear physicist (1936–present CE)
Yusuf Hamied , pharmaceutical scientist, (1936–present CE)
Dronamraju Krishna Rao , geneticist (1937–2020 CE)
B. L. K. Somayajulu , geochemist (1937–2016 CE)
Jogesh Pati , theoretical physicist (1937–present CE)
Raj Reddy , computer scientist (1937–present CE)
Raghavan Narasimhan , mathematician, solved Levi problem for complex manifolds (1937–2015 CE)
Subhash Mukhopadhyay , physician (1937–1981 CE)
Ganapathi Thanikaimoni , palynologist (1938–1986 CE)
A. P. Balachandran , theoretical physicist (1938–present CE)
Chanchal Kumar Majumdar , condensed matter physicist (1938–2000 CE)
Govindarajan Padmanabhan , biochemist and biotechnologist (1938–present CE)
Jayant Narlikar , astrophysicist (1938–present CE)
Shipra Guha-Mukherjee , botanist (1938–2007 CE)
Ajoy Ghatak , physicist (1939–present CE)
Dadaji Ramaji Khobragade , agronomist (1939–2018 CE)
V. K. Aatre , electrical engineer (1939–present CE)
K. R. K. Easwaran , molecular biophysicist (1939–present CE)
M. L. Madan , biotechnologist (1939–present CE)
Narasimhaiengar Mukunda , theoretical physicist (1939–present CE)
Surendra Nath Pandeya , medicinal and organic chemist (1939–2012 CE)
Ramamurti Rajaraman , theoretical physicist (1939–present CE)
Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan , space scientist (1940–present CE)
Sujoy K. Guha , biomedical engineer (1940–present CE)
Darshan Ranganathan , organic chemist (1941–2001 CE)
M. S. Raghunathan , mathematician (1941–present CE)
Nambi Narayanan , aerospace engineer (1941–present CE)
T. V. Ramakrishnan , theoretical physicist (1941–present CE)
Madhav Gadgil , ecologist (1942–present CE)
Patcha Ramachandra Rao , metallurgist (1942–2010 CE)
Probir Roy , particle physicist (1942–present CE)
Ravindra Shripad Kulkarni , mathematician, known for Kulkarni-Nomizu product (1942–present CE)
Shivram Bhoje , nuclear physicist (1942–present CE)
Subhendu Guha , photovoltaicist (1942–present CE)
Sam Pitroda , telecommunication engineer (1942–present CE)
Aditi Pant , oceanographer (1943–present CE)
G Madhavan Nair , space scientist (1943–present CE)
Anil Kakodkar , nuclear physicist (1943–present CE)
Raghunath Anant Mashelkar , chemical engineer (1943–present CE)
V. Balakrishnan , theoretical physicist (1943–present CE)
Abhay Bhushan , computer scientist (1944–present CE)
Avinash Kak , computer scientist (1944–present CE)
Jagdish Shukla , meteorologist (1944–present CE)
Naresh Dadhich , theoretical physicist (1944–present CE)
Phoolan Prasad , mathematician (1944–present CE)
S. A. Hussain , ornitholohist (1944–2009 CE)
Tej P Singh , biophysicist (1944–present CE)
Vijay Kumar Kapahi , astrophysicist (1944–1999 CE)
K. N. Shankara , space scientist (1945–2017 CE)
Prem Chand Pandey , planetary scientist (1945–present CE)
Subhash Chandra Lakhotia , cytogeneticst (1945–present CE)
Ranajit Chakraborty , geneticist (1946–2018 CE)
Srikumar Banerjee , metallurgical engineer (1946–2021 CE)
Sudipta Sengupta , structural geologist (1946–present CE)
Vijay P. Bhatkar , computer scientist (1946–present CE)
A. Sivathanu Pillai , aerospace engineer (1947–present CE)
Dattatreyudu Nori , radiation oncologist (1947–present CE)
Mathukumalli Vidyasagar , control theorist (1947–present CE)
Prem Shanker Goel , space scientist (1947–present CE)
Sushanta Kumar Dattagupta , condensed matter physicist (1947–present CE)
Archana Bhattacharyya , physicist (1948–present CE)
K. S. R. Krishna Raju , ornithologist (1948–2002 CE)
M. R. S. Rao , biologist (1948–2023 CE)
Predhiman Krishan Kaw , plasma physicist (1948–2017 CE)
Thirumalachari Ramasami , leather scientist (1948–present CE)
Abhay Ashtekar , theoritical physicist (1949–present CE)
Jyeshtharaj Joshi , chemist and nuclear physicist (1949–present CE)
K. Radhakrishnan , space scientist (1949–present CE)
Sulabha K. Kulkarni , nanotechnologist (1949–present CE)
V. K. Saraswat , aeronautic engineer (1949–present CE)
Lilabati Bhattacharjee , mineralogist and crystallographer (unknown)
Ram Chet Chaudhary , agronomist (unknown)
Radha Balakrishnan , theoretical physicist (unknown)
Late 20th century CE [ edit ]
Gomatam Ravi , quantum physicist (1950–present CE)
Jitendra Nath Goswami , astrophysicist (1950–present CE)
Kamanio Chattopadhyay , materials engineer (1950–present CE)
Sankar K. Pal , computer scientist (1950–present CE)
Chitra Mandal , biologist (1951–present CE)
Daya Shankar Kulshreshtha , theoretical physicist (1951–present CE)
H. R. Krishnamurthy , theoretical physicist (1951–present CE)
Himmatrao Bawaskar , physician (1951–present CE)
Indrani Bose , theoretical physicist (1951–present CE)
Swapan Chattopadhyay , physicist (1951–present CE)
Amitava Raychaudhuri , particle physicist (1952–present CE)
G. R. Desiraju , structural chemist (1952–present CE)
A. S. Kiran Kumar , space scientist (1952–present CE)
Bikas Chakrabarti , physicist (1952–present CE)
Rohini Godbole , physicist (1952–2024 CE)
Salim Yusuf , physician (1952–present CE)
Samir K. Brahmachari , biophysicist (1952–present CE)
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan , structural biologist (1952–present CE)
Vidya Arankalle , virologist (1952–present CE)
Amar Gupta , computer scientist (1953–present CE)
Ghanshyam Swarup , molecular biologist (1953–present CE)
Michael Lobo , genealogist (1953–present CE)
S. K. Shivakumar , space communications engineer (1953–2019 CE)
Shobhona Sharma , molecular biologist (1953–present CE)
Veena Parnaik , cell biologist (1953–present CE)
Biman Bagchi , chemist (1954–present CE)
C. K. Raju , polymath (1954–present CE)
Ravindra Kumar Sinha , biologist (1954–present CE)
Harsh Vardhan Batra , biotechnologist (1955–present CE)
Ashoke Sen , theoretical physicist (1956–present CE)
Gaiti Hasan , molecular biologist (1956–present CE)
Narendra Karmarkar , mathematician, developed Karmakar algorithm (1956–present CE)
Shrinivas Kulkarni , astronomer (1956–present CE)
Sunil Mukhi , theoretical physicist (1956–present CE)
Varun Sahni , theoretical physicist (1956–present CE)
K. Sivan , aerospace engineer (1957–present CE)
Thanu Padmanabhan , theoretical physicist (1957–2021 CE)
Mylswamy Annadurai , aerospace engineer (1958–present CE)
Nagendra Kumar Singh , agronomist (1958–present CE)
Pamposh Bhat , environmentalist (1958–present CE)
Santanu Bhattacharya , chemical biologist (1958–present CE)
Vinod K. Singh , chemist (1959–present CE)
Debasish Ghose , robotics engineer (1960–present CE)
Biswarup Mukhopadhyaya , high-energy physicist (1960–present CE)
Ram Rajasekharan , biologist (1960–present CE)
Madan Rao , condensed matter and biological physicist (1960–present CE)
Bharat Ratra , cosmologist and astroparticle physicist (1960–present CE)
K. Sridhar , physicist (1961–present CE)
Lov Grover , computer scientist (1961–present CE)
P. Kunhikrishnan , space scientist (1961–present CE)
Tapan Misra , digital hardware engineer (1961–present CE)
Kalpana Chawla , astronaut and aerospace engineer (1962–2003 CE)
Rajeev Motwani , theoretical computer scientist (1962–2009 CE)
Shekhar C. Mande , computational biologist (1962–present CE)
Uddhab Bharali , inventor, invented pomegrante de-seeder (1962–present CE)
Gajendra Pal Singh Raghava , bioinformatician (1963–present CE)
Sandip Trivedi , theoretical physicist (1963–present CE)
VA Shiva Ayyadurai , systems biologist (1963–present CE)
S. Somanath , aerospace engineer (1963–present CE)
Upinder Singh Bhalla , computational neuroscientist (1963–present CE)
Charusita Chakravarty , chemist (1964–2016 CE)
Abhik Ghosh , inorganic chemist (1964–present CE)
Usha Kulshreshtha , theoretical physicist (1964–present CE)
Manjula Reddy , bacterial geneticist (1965–present CE)
Arun K. Pati , quantum physicist (1966–present CE)
Manindra Agrawal , computer scientist (1966–present CE)
G. K. Ananthasuresh , quantum physicist (1967–present CE)
Giridhar Madras , mechanical engineer (1967–present CE)
Rajesh Gopakumar , theoretical physicist (1967–present CE)
Shubha Tole , neuroscientist (1967–present CE)
Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay , computational biologist (1968–present CE)
Ramesh Raskar , computer scientist (1970–present CE)
Hari Balakrishnan , computer scientist (1971–present CE)
G. Naresh Patwari , chemist (1972–present CE)
Shiraz Minwalla , theoretical physicist (1972–present CE)
Subramanian Anantha Ramakrishna , optical and condensed matter physicist (1972–present CE)
Aloke Paul , chemical engineer (1973–present CE)
Ambarish Ghosh , materials scientist (1973–present CE)
Kewal Krishan , forensic anthropologist (1973–present CE)
Rajeev Kumar Varshney , agronomist and geneticist (1973–present CE)
Manjul Bhargava , mathematician (1974–present CE)
Yamuna Krishnan , organic chemist (1974–present CE)
Ritu Karidhal , aerospace engineer (1975–present CE)
Nishith Gupta , molecular biologist (1977–present CE)
Pragya D. Yadav , virologist (1978–present CE)
Akhilesh K. Gaharwar , biomedical engineer (1982–present CE)
Pranav Mistry , computer scientist, invented Samsung's SixthSense (1984–present CE)
Tathagat Avatar Tulsi , physicist (1987–present CE)
Praveen Kumar Gorakavi , polymath (1989–present CE)
Alex James , computer scientist (unknown)
Bola Vithal Shetty , chemist (unknown)
Dipan Ghosh , theoretical physicist (unknown)
Gursaran Talwar , physician (unknown)
Kavita Shah , biotechnologist (unknown)
K. N. Ganeshaiah , agronomist (unknown)
Anita Mahadevan-Jansen , biomedical engineer (unknown)
Mirza Faizan , aerospace scientist (unknown)
Maneesha S. Inamdar , biologist (unknown)
Nandini Harinath , aerospace engineer (unknown)
Padmanabhan Balaram , biochemist (unknown)
Rashna Bhandari , biologist (unknown)
Rama Govindarajan , fluid dynamicist (unknown)
Rohini Balakrishnan , bioacousticist (unknown)
Seema Bhatnagar , synthetic chemist (unknown)
Shoba Sivasankar , geneticist (unknown)
Siva S. Banda , aerospace engineer (unknown)
Sivaram Murthy , computer scientist (unknown)
Subhash Kak , computer scientist (unknown)
Subrata Roy , fluid dynamicist (unknown)
Somak Raychaudhury , astrophysicist (unknown)
Sudhir Kumar Vempati , high-energy physicist (unknown)
Suchitra Sebastian , condensed matter physicist (unknown)
Ujjwal Maulik , computer scientist (1965–present CE)
Uma Ramakrishnan , molecular ecologist (unknown)
Umesh Waghmare , physicist (unknown)
R.K. Kotnala , scientist (1982–present CE)