The following is a partial list of Intel CPU microarchitectures. The list is incomplete, additional details can be found in Intel's Tick–tock model, Process–architecture–optimization model and Template:Intel processor roadmap.
Year | Microarchitecture | Pipeline stages | Max clock (MHz) |
Process node |
---|---|---|---|---|
1978 | 8086 (8086, 8088) | 2 | 5 | 3000 nm |
1982 | 186 (80186, 80188) | 2 | 25 | |
1982 | 286 (80286) | 3 | 25 | 1500 nm |
1985 | 386 (80386) | [1] | 633 | |
1989 | 486 (80486) | 5 | 100 | 1000 nm |
1993 | P5 (Pentium) | 5 | 200 | 800, 600, 350 nm |
1995 | P6 (Pentium Pro, Pentium II) | 14 (17 with load & store/ |
450 | 500, 350, 250 nm |
1997 | P5 (Pentium MMX) | 6 | 233 | 350 nm |
1999 | P6 (Pentium III) | 12 (15 with load & store/retire) | 1400 | 250, 180, 130 nm |
2000 | NetBurst (Pentium 4) (Willamette) |
20 unified with branch prediction | 2000 | 180 nm |
2002 | NetBurst (Pentium 4) (Northwood, Gallatin) |
3466 | 130 nm | |
2003 | Pentium M (Banias, Dothan) Enhanced Pentium M (Yonah) |
10 (12 with fetch/ |
2333 | 130, 90, 65 nm |
2004 | NetBurst (Pentium 4, Pentium D) (Prescott) |
31 unified with branch prediction | 3800 | 90, 65 nm |
2006 | Intel Core | 12 (14 with fetch/retire) | 3000 | 65 nm |
2007 | Penryn (die shrink) | 3333 | 45 nm | |
2008 | Nehalem | 20 unified (14 without miss prediction) | 3600 | |
Bonnell | 16 (20 with prediction miss) | 2100 | ||
2010 | Westmere (die shrink) | 20 unified (14 without miss prediction) | 3866 | 32 nm |
2011 | Saltwell (die shrink) | 16 (20 with prediction miss) | 2130 | |
Sandy Bridge | 14 (16 with fetch/retire) | 4000 | ||
2012 | Ivy Bridge (die shrink) | 4100 | 22 nm | |
2013 | Silvermont | 14–17 (16–19 with fetch/retire) | 2670 | |
Haswell | 14 (16 with fetch/retire) | 4400 | ||
2014 | Broadwell (die shrink) | 3700 | 14 nm | |
2015 | Airmont (die shrink) | 14–17 (16–19 with fetch/retire) | 2640 | |
Skylake | 14 (16 with fetch/retire) | 5200 | ||
2016 | Goldmont | 20 unified with branch prediction | 2600 | |
2017 | Goldmont Plus | 20 unified with branch prediction (?) | 2800 | |
2018 | Palm Cove | 14 (16 with fetch/retire) | 3200 | 10 nm |
2019 | Sunny Cove | 12–20 (misprediction) | 4100 | |
2020 | Tremont | 20 unified | 3300 | |
Willow Cove | 12 unified | 5300 | ||
2021 | Cypress Cove | 12 unified | 5300 | 14 nm |
Golden Cove | 12 unified | 5500 | Intel 7 | |
Gracemont | 20 unified with misprediction penalty | 4300 | ||
2022 | Raptor Cove | 12 unified | 6200 | |
2023 | Redwood Cove | Intel 4 | ||
Crestmont | ||||
2024 | Lion Cove | TSMC N3 | ||
Skymont | ||||
Note: Atom/Power efficient microarchitectures are in Italic |
Fab process |
Micro- arch |
Code names |
Core gen |
Xeon Scalable gen |
Release date |
Processors | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Desktop | Mobile | Enthusiast /WS |
1P/2P Server |
4P/8P Server | ||||||
180 nm | P6, NetBurst |
Willamette | — | 2000-11-20 | Willamette | — | Foster | Foster MP | ||
130 nm | Northwood/ Mobile Pentium 4 Banias |
2002-01-07 | Northwood | Northwood Mobile Banias |
Northwood-XE | Prestonia Gallatin |
Gallatin | |||
90 nm | Prescott Dothan |
2004-02-01 | Prescott Smithfield |
Dothan |
Prescott 2M-XE Smithfield-XE |
Nocona Irwindale Paxville |
Potomac Cranford Paxville | |||
65 nm | Cedar Mill Yonah Presler |
Core (Yonah only) |
— | 2006-01-05 | Cedar Mill Presler |
Yonah | Presler-XE | Dempsey Sossaman |
Tulsa | |
Core | Merom[29] | Core 2 | 2006-07-27 [30][31] |
Conroe | Merom | Kentsfield | Woodcrest Clovertown |
Tigerton | ||
45 nm | Penryn | 2007-11-11 [32] |
Wolfdale | Penryn | Yorkfield | Harpertown | Dunnington | |||
Nehalem | Nehalem | Previous[33] (Core i) |
— | 2008-11-17 [34] |
Lynnfield | Clarksfield | Bloomfield | Gainestown | Beckton | |
32 nm | Westmere | 2010-01-04 [35][36] |
Clarkdale | Arrandale | Gulftown | Westmere-EP | Westmere-EX | |||
Sandy Bridge |
Sandy Bridge |
2 (Core i) | 2011-01-09 [37] |
Sandy Bridge | Sandy Bridge-M | Sandy Bridge-E | Sandy Bridge-EP | —[38] | ||
22 nm | Ivy Bridge |
3 | 2012-04-29 | Ivy Bridge | Ivy Bridge-M | Ivy Bridge-E [39] |
Ivy Bridge-EP [40] |
Ivy Bridge-EX [40] | ||
Haswell | Haswell | 4 | 2013-06-02 | Haswell-DT [41] |
Haswell-H Haswell-MB Haswell-ULP/ULX[41] |
Haswell-E | Haswell-EP | Haswell-EX | ||
Devil's Canyon |
2014-06 | Haswell-DT | — | |||||||
14 nm | Broadwell | 5 | 2014-09-05 | Broadwell-DT | Broadwell-H Broadwell-U Broadwell-Y |
Broadwell-E | Broadwell-EP[42] | Broadwell-EX[42] | ||
Skylake[a] | Skylake | 6 | 1 | 2015-08-05 [43] |
Skylake-S | Skylake-H Skylake-U Skylake-Y |
Skylake-X[44] Skylake-W |
Skylake-SP (formerly Skylake-EP/-EX)[45] | ||
Kaby Lake |
7 / 8 | — | 2016-10 | Kaby Lake-S | Kaby Lake-G Kaby Lake-H Kaby Lake-U Kaby Lake-Y |
Kaby Lake-X [44] |
— | |||
Coffee Lake |
8 / 9 | 2017-10 [46] |
Coffee Lake-S | Coffee Lake-B Coffee Lake-H Coffee Lake-U |
Coffee Lake-W | Coffee Lake-E | — | |||
Whiskey Lake |
8 | — | 2018-08-28 | — | Whiskey Lake-U | — | ||||
Amber Lake |
8 / 10 | Amber Lake-Y | ||||||||
Cascade Lake |
— | 2 | 2019-04-02 | — | Cascade Lake-X Cascade Lake-W |
Cascade Lake-AP Cascade Lake-SP | ||||
Comet Lake |
10 | — | 2019-09[b] | Comet Lake-S | Comet Lake-H Comet Lake-U[47] Comet Lake-Y[47] |
Comet Lake-W | — | |||
Cooper Lake |
— | 3 | 2020-06 | —[48][49] | Cooper Lake-SP | |||||
Cypress Cove[50][51] |
Rocket Lake |
11 | — | 2021-03 | Rocket Lake-S | — | Rocket Lake-W(?) |
Rocket Lake-E |
— | |
10 nm | Palm Cove |
Cannon Lake |
8 | — | 2018-05[b] | — | Cannon Lake-U | — | ||
Sunny Cove[52] |
Ice Lake |
10 | 3 | 2019-09 (mobile)[b] 2021-04 (server) |
Ice Lake-U[53] Ice Lake-Y[53] |
Ice Lake-W | Ice Lake-SP[54] | — | ||
Willow Cove |
Tiger Lake |
11 | — | 2020-09 | Tiger Lake-H Tiger Lake-H35 Tiger Lake-UP3 Tiger Lake-UP4 |
— | ||||
Intel 7[c] | Golden Cove |
Alder Lake (hybrid) |
12 | 2021-11-04[17][55] | Alder Lake-S | Alder Lake-H Alder Lake-P Alder Lake-U | ||||
Sapphire Rapids[23] |
— | 4 | 2023-01-10 | — | Sapphire Rapids-WS | Sapphire Rapids-SP | ||||
Raptor Cove |
Raptor Lake |
13 / 14 / Core Series 1 |
— | 2022-10-20 | Raptor Lake-S | Raptor Lake-H Raptor Lake-HX Raptor Lake-P Raptor Lake-PX Raptor Lake-U |
— | Raptor Lake-E(?) | — | |
Emerald Rapids |
— | 5 | 2023-12-14 | — | — | Emerald Rapids-SP | ||||
Intel 4[20] | Redwood Cove |
Meteor Lake |
Core Ultra Series 1 |
— | 2023-12-14[56] | — | Meteor Lake-H Meteor Lake-U |
— | ||
Intel 3 | Granite Rapids |
— | 6 | 2024 | — | ? | Granite Rapids-AP Granite Rapids-SP | |||
TSMC N3B | Lion Cove | Lunar Lake |
Core Ultra Series 2 |
— | 2024-09-03[57][58] | — | Lunar Lake-V | — | ||
TSMC (N3B?) | Arrow Lake[59] |
? | 2024-10 | TBA | TBA | |||||
Intel 18A | TBA | Panther Lake |
? | 2025 | — | TBA |
Fabri- cation process |
Micro- archi- tecture |
Release date |
Processors/SoCs | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MID, smartphone | Tablet | Netbook | Nettop | Embedded | Server | Communication | CE | |||
45 nm | Bonnell | 2008 | Silverthorne | — | Diamondville | Tunnel Creek, Stellarton |
— | Unknown | Sodaville | |
2010 | Lincroft | Pineview | Groveland | |||||||
32 nm | Saltwell | 2011 | Medfield (Penwell & Lexington), Clover Trail+ (Cloverview) |
Clover Trail (Cloverview) | Cedar Trail (Cedarview) | Unknown | Centerton & Briarwood | Unknown | Berryville | |
22 nm | Silvermont | 2013 | Merrifield (Tangier),[61] Slayton, Moorefield (Anniedale)[62] |
Bay Trail-T (Valleyview) |
Bay Trail-M (Valleyview) |
Bay Trail-D (Valleyview) |
Bay Trail-I (Valleyview) |
Avoton | Rangeley | Unknown |
14 nm[60] | Airmont | 2014 | Binghamton & Riverton | Cherry Trail-T (Cherryview)[63] | Braswell[64] | Denverton Cancelled | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Goldmont [65] |
2016 | Broxton Cancelled | Willow Trail Cancelled Apollo Lake |
Apollo Lake[66] | Denverton[67] | Unknown | Unknown | |||
Goldmont Plus[68] |
2017 | Unknown | Unknown | Gemini Lake[69] Gemini Lake Refresh[70] |
Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | |||
10 nm | Tremont[26] | 2020 | Unknown | Lakefield (hybrid) | Lakefield (hybrid)[71] Elkhart Lake[72] Jasper Lake [73] |
Jacobsville Parker Ridge[74] Snow Ridge[75] |
Unknown | Unknown | ||
Intel 7 | Gracemont[76] | 2021 | Unknown | Unknown | Alder Lake (hybrid)[77] Raptor Lake (hybrid) Alder Lake-N [78][79] |
Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Intel 4 | Crestmont | 2023 | Unknown | Unknown | Meteor Lake (hybrid) | Grand Ridge | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Intel 3 | 2024 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Sierra Forest | Unknown | Unknown | |
TSMC N3B | Skymont | 2024 | Unknown | Unknown | Lunar Lake (hybrid) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | ||
TSMC (N3B?) | Unknown | Unknown | Arrow Lake (hybrid) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | ||||
Intel 18A | Darkmont | 2025 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Clearwater Forest | Unknown | Unknown |
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