List of Vietnamese inventions and discoveries

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 15 min

This is a list of Vietnamese inventions and discoveries which includes technological, cultural and historical inventions. This list is incomplete.

Academia

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Arts

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Entertainment & Theatre

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  • Cải lương: a form of modern folk opera that blends southern Vietnamese folk songs, classical music, hát tuồng (a classical theatre form based on Chinese opera), and modern spoken drama. It originated in Southern Vietnam in the early 20th century and blossomed in the 1930s as a theatre of the middle class during the country's French colonial period. Cải lương is now promoted as a national theatrical form. Unlike the other folk forms, it continued to prove popular with the masses as late as the 1970s and the 1980s, although it is now in decline.[6][7]
  • Chèo: a form of generally satirical musical theatre, often encompassing dance, traditionally performed by Vietnamese peasants in northern Vietnam. It is usually performed outdoors by semi-amateur touring groups, stereo-typically in a village square or the courtyard of a public building, although it is today increasingly also performed indoors and by professional performers. Chèo has been a popular art form of the Vietnamese people for many generations and has fostered the national spirit through its lyrical content.
  • Chú Tễu: a typical puppet in Vietnamese water puppetry. Tễu is bigger than other puppets. This character usually introduces the performance and makes humorous actions for the audience.
  • Hát tuồng: a form of Vietnamese theatre. Hát tuồng is often referred to as classical "Vietnamese opera" influenced by Chinese opera. However, the first one to lay the foundation for the art of tuồng in Vietnam is Dao Duy Tu.[8] Under the Nguyen dynasty which he served for, tuồng reached its highest point and was favored by Nguyen kings. Many great playwrights including Đào Tấn were also in this time.
  • Water puppetry: (Vietnamese: Múa rối nước) a tradition that dates back as far as the 11th century, when it originated in the villages of the Red River Delta, in the north of the country. Vietnamese water puppetry is a variation on the ancient Asian puppet tradition.

Food

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A typical Vietnamese bánh cuốn dish.
  • Bánh Chưng: a traditional Vietnamese food which is made from glutinous rice, mung beans, pork and other ingredients. Considered an essential element of the family altar on the occasion of Tết, the making and eating of bánh chưng during this time is a well-preserved tradition of Vietnamese people.
  • Bánh Cuốn: a Vietnamese dish made from a thin, wide sheet of fermented rice batter filled with a mixture of cooked seasoned ground pork, minced wood ear mushroom, and minced shallots.
  • Bánh Mì: a Vietnamese baguette sandwich that is a fusion of meats and vegetables from native Vietnamese cuisine such as chả lụa (Vietnamese sausage), coriander (cilantro), cucumber, pickled carrots, and pickled daikon combined with condiments from French cuisine such as pâté, along with red chili and mayonnaise.
  • Bún bò Huế: a Vietnamese rice noodle (bún) dish with sliced beef (), chả lụa, and sometimes pork knuckles. The dish originated from the city of Huế in central Vietnam in the late 1500s and early 1600s, when the city was ruled by the Nguyễn Lords.[9][10] In its native city Huế, bún bò is typically served only in the mornings as a main meal rather than a breakfast item. However, in other major Vietnamese cities, it can be found at various meal times.[11][12]
  • Bún chả: a dish consisting of charcoal roasted pork served in a sweet/salty soup with rice noodle vermicelli and lettuce. Bún chả originated from and remains very popular in Hanoi and throughout Vietnam.
  • Chả cá Lã Vọng: a Vietnamese grilled fish dish, originally from the capital Hanoi. The dish is traditionally made with hemibagrus (or cá lăng in Vietnamese), which is a genus of catfish. The fish is cut into pieces and marinated in a turmeric-based sauce, which often includes shrimp paste or fish sauce, ginger, and chili peppers. The dish is served in a hot pan coated with marinade sauce and herbs, particularly dill. Other herbs, such as scallions or basil, may be included. It is eaten with vermicelli rice noodles (bún in Vietnamese) and peanuts. Chả cá Lã Vọng is considered a delicacy in Vietnam, as it is nearly exclusively served in restaurants and is not found in street food.
    Vietnamese spring rolls (gỏi cuốn).
    A bowl of beef phở.
  • Gỏi Cuốn: a Vietnamese dish traditionally consisting of pork, prawn, vegetables, bún (rice vermicelli), and other ingredients wrapped in bánh tráng (commonly known as rice paper or cold roll). In the West, these rolls are called by several different English names, including "salad roll", "spring roll" and "summer roll." Sometimes the word "Vietnamese" is added at the beginning of these words; for example, in Hong Kong, they are called "Vietnamese rolls", and in Australia and the United States they may be called "Vietnamese spring rolls."
  • Nem chua: a fermented pork meat dish served as is or fried, coated by fried rice (thính gạo), mixed with pork skin and then wrapped in country gooseberry leaves (lá chùm ruột) or Erythrina orientalis leaves (lá vông nem).
  • Phở: a Vietnamese soup dish consisting of broth, rice noodles (bánh phở), herbs, and meat (usually beef (phở bò)), sometimes chicken (phở gà). Originating from Van Cu, Nam Dinh province, the dish is traditionally served with a variety of herbs to enhance its flavor.[13][14] Nowadays, there are many different ways to prepare and flavor phở.[15][16] In Vietnam, there are different names to distinguish them: Northern phở (in the North), Huế phở (in the Central region), and Saigon phở (in the South).[17][18][19]

Language

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Music and instruments

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Folk music

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Musical instruments

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The musician on the right playing the đàn bầu.

Sports

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  • Vovinam: a Vietnamese martial art founded by Nguyễn Lộc in 1938 with the intent of providing practitioners with an efficient method of self-defense after a short period of study. Nguyễn believed martial arts would contribute to freeing Vietnam from colonial rule, which had been ruled by France since 1859, and from outside domination. Vovinam added elements of Chinese and Japanese systems to traditional Vietnamese martial arts, systems, which were thus partially created as a response to the French occupation, meant to promote a sense of national identity for the Vietnamese people.[20][21] Hence, it is similar to taekwondo in that it is an eclectic system with combined elements of Japanese and Chinese martial arts within an indigenous framework.[22]

Technology

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Video Games

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References

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  1. ^ Tao, Terence; Vu, Van (2008-02-28). "Random Matrices: The circular Law". arXiv:0708.2895 [math.PR].
  2. ^ "A sharp inverse Littlewood-Offord theorem". What's new. 2009-02-16. Retrieved 2024-09-27.
  3. ^ Bui Tuong Phong, Illumination for computer generated pictures, Communications of ACM 18 (1975), no. 6, 311–317.
  4. ^ University of Utah School of Computing, http://www.cs.utah.edu/school/history/#phong-ref
  5. ^ "The Johansson-Kahn-Vu solution of the Shamir problem" (PDF).
  6. ^ "VietNamNet – Mekong Delta nostalgic for cai luong's golden days". Archived from the original on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-12. Mekong Delta nostalgic for cai luong’s golden days. 21 July 2007
  7. ^ "VietNamNet – Beyond remedy for Cai luong". Archived from the original on 3 November 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-12. Beyond remedy for Cai luong. VietNamNet Bridge. 21 August 2008
  8. ^ "Đào Duy Từ với công cuộc phát triển hát tuồng, hát bội". daoduytu.com.vn. Retrieved 2017-11-18.
  9. ^ dulich.vn. "Những món đặc sản nhất định phải thử khi đến Huế". Tạp chí Du lịch (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  10. ^ "Bún bò Nam Bộ ngon khó cưỡng cho những ngày ngán cơm". thegioitiepthi.danviet.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  11. ^ ONLINE, TUOI TRE (2022-08-03). "Sáng ra làm tô bún bò Huế dồi sụn, no tới trưa!". TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  12. ^ thanhnien.vn (2022-03-30). "Quán bún bò 'đông nhất' Q.3 TP.HCM: Anh chủ bỏ việc ngân hàng, bán đúng 2 tiếng". thanhnien.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  13. ^ "9 đặc sản dân dã làm nên tên tuổi ẩm thực Việt Nam". dulich.laodong.vn. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  14. ^ ONLINE, TUOI TRE (2017-12-08). "Phở Việt - Kỳ 1: Khởi nguồn của phở". TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  15. ^ Khang Nhi (2022-09-16). "Dân mạng thích thú với bộ hình so sánh phở miền Bắc và phở miền Nam". Báo Kinh tế đô thị - Đọc tin tức thời sự kinh tế 24h mới nhất (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  16. ^ "Tôn vinh phở Việt trên Google Doodle". Báo điện tử VTC News (in Vietnamese). 2021-12-12. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  17. ^ dulich.vn. "Thú vị với bộ hình so sánh phong cách phở 2 miền Nam, Bắc". Tạp chí Du lịch (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  18. ^ Tran Lanh (2022-01-08). "sort". vietnamtourism.gov.vn. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  19. ^ "Những điều về món phở bò không phải ai cũng biết". VietNamNet News (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  20. ^ Thomas A. Green, ed. (2001). Martial Arts of the World : A-Q. Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 441. ISBN 1576071502.
  21. ^ Tri Nguyen. "Vovinam". Atlanta Martial Arts Directory. Archived from the original on 2003-06-14.
  22. ^ Green, Thomas A. (2001). Martial Arts of the World: A-Q. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-150-2.
  23. ^ News, VietNamNet. "Báo VietnamNet". VietNamNet News (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-09-27. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  24. ^ "How Vietnam's NanoDragon Nanosatellite is Helping to Level the Aerospace Playing Field". AZoNano.com. 2021-10-04. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
  25. ^ "What is Flappy Bird? The game taking the App Store by storm". www.telegraph.co.uk. 29 January 2014. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
  26. ^ Heney, Elaine (January 31, 2014). "How to make Flappy Bird, #1 app – Interview with game developer Dong Nguyen: Updated". Chocolate Lab Apps. Archived from the original on February 6, 2014. Retrieved February 6, 2014.
  27. ^ a b Crecente, Brian (July 21, 2014). "Flappy Bird creator says game was inspired by bouncing a ping pong ball on a paddle". Polygon. Archived from the original on June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
  28. ^ Wudarczyk, Jude (1997). "Tam Cúc, the game of three chrysanthemums". XXVI (1): 2–8. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  29. ^ "National and regional card games: Vietnam". www.pagat.com. Retrieved 2021-10-04.

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