List of armed conflicts involving Poland against Russia

Armed conflicts between Poland (including the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Civitas Schinesghe ("Duchy of Poland")) and Russia (including the Soviet Union and Kievan Rus') include:

Polish or Polish–Lithuanian victory

Russian, Soviet, Muscovite,
Ruthenian, or Kievan Rus' victory

Another result*

*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside Poland or Russia in which the other intervened, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.

Piast Poland versus Kievan Rus'

Date	Conflict	Piast Poland and allies	Kievan Rus' and allies	Result
981	Vladimir the Great's Polish Campaign	Civitas Schinesghe	Kievan Rus'	Kievan Rus' victory^[1]
1018	Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis	Civitas Schinesghe Pro-Sviatopolk Kievan Rus'	Pro-Yaroslav Kievan Rus'	Temporary victory for Poland and Sviatopolk
1022	Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest	Civitas Schinesghe	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1030–1031	Yaroslav the Wise invasion in Poland^[2](German-Polish War)	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Kievan Rus' victory^[3] Kievan Rus' recovered the Cherven Cities
1065–1069^[4]	Rebellion of Vseslav of Polotsk^[4] Sieges of Pskov and Novgorod (1065–1067)^[4] Battle on the Nemiga River (1067)^[4] Kiev uprising of 1068^[4] Intervention by Bolesław II the Bold (1069)^[4]	Principality of Kiev Principality of Chernigov Principality of Pereyaslavl Kingdom of Poland (1069)	Principality of Polotsk	Allied victory Principality of Polotsk defeated (1067)^[4] Brief Vseslav reign in Kiev (1068–May 1069)^[4] Polish intervention (May 1069)^[4] Restoration of Iziaslav I of Kiev (May 1069)^[4]
1076–1077	Bolesław II the Generous's expedition on Kievan Rus'^[5]^[6]^[7]	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory Iziaslav I put on the throne^[5]^[6]
1092	Vasilko Rostislavich's raid on Poland^[8]	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Kievan Rus' victory
1120—1125	Polish-Ruthenian war (1120—1125) Kievan-Cuman raid on Poland (1120)^[9] Battle of Wysokie (1122) Siege of Volodymyr (1123)^[10] Battle of Wilichów (1124)	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory^[11]^[a]
1135	Vladimirko Volodarovich raid on Poland (1135)^[10]^[12] Sack of Wiślica (1135)	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Kievan Rus' victory
1136	Bolesław III Wrymouth's raid on Rus' (1136)^[12]	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1142-1143	Vsevolod's raid on Poland^[13]	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Kievan Rus' victory
1163	Polish raid on Rus'^[14]	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1182–1183	War for Brest	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory
1194	Battle of Drohiczyn	Kingdom of Poland	Kievan Rus'	Polish victory

Kingdom of Poland versus Galicia–Volhynia (Ruthenia)

Date	Conflict	Poland and allies	Ruthenia and allies	Result
1199	Leszek the White's expedition to Halych^[15]	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Sandomierz victory
1205	Battle of Zawichost	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków Duchy of Masovia	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Sandomierz–Masovian victory
1206	Leszek the White's expedition to Volodymyr^[16]	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Sandomierz victory
1207	Leszek the White's expedition to Volodymyr^[17]	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Sandomierz victory
1211	Polish–Hungarian Expedition to Halych (1211) [ru] Siege of Przemyśl (1211) Siege of Zvenigorod (1211) Battle of Zvenigorod (1211)	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Polish victory
1213—1214	The Galician campaign of Leszek the White [ru; pl]^[18] Battle of Bóbrka (1214)	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Sandomierz military victory^[b]
1218	Leszek the White's expedition to Ruthenia^[19]	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Ruthenian victory
1219—1221	Polish–Hungarian–Ruthenian War^[19] Battle of Halych (1219) [ru] Battle of Halych (1220) [ru] First Battle of Halych (1221) [ru] Second Battle of Halych (1221) [ru]	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Ruthenian victory
1224—1225	Polish–Ruthenian War^[19] Battle of Łysa Góra (1224)^[19] Mstislav's expedition to Poland (1225)^[19]	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Sandomierz victory
1227	Battle of Zvenigorod [ru]	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Ruthenian victory
1229-1230	Daniel expedition to Kalisz^[20]	Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Ruthenian victory
1236—1237	Mikhail's Volyn campaign [ru] Battle of Cherven	Principality of Volhynia Cumanians Duchy of Kraków Duchy of Masovia	Principality of Galicia–Volhynia	Ruthenian victory
1264	Battle of Brańsk	Kingdom of Poland Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Yotvingians	Polish victory
1265—1266	Polish—Ruthenian War^[21] Battle of Wrota (1266)^[21]	Kingdom of Poland Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Kraków	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Yotvingians	Polish victory
1279	Ruthenian raid on Poland^[22]	Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Ruthenian victory
1280	Kraków campaign of Leo I of Galicia Battle of Goźlice	Kingdom of Poland Duchy of Sandomierz Duchy of Sieradz	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Golden Horde	Polish victory
1287–1288	Third Mongol invasion of Poland	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary	Golden Horde Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Polish–Hungarian victory
1323	Polish–Hungarian expedition to Ruthenia^[23]^[24]^[25]^[26]	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary	Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Polish–Hungarian victory^[23]^[24]^[25] Yuri II Boleslav put on the throne^[26]
1340—1341	Polish—Ruthenian War Battle of the Vistula River (1341)	Kingdom of Poland	Golden Horde Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia	Polish victory

Crown of the Kingdom of Poland versus Principality of Moscow

Date	Conflict	Poland and allies	Moscow and allies	Result
1507–1508	Lithuanian-Muscovite War	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crown of the Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moscow	Disputed Muscovy renounces claim to Liubech and cedes six border counties to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Lithuania renounces claims to territories lost as a result of the last war
1512–1522	Lithuanian–Muscovite War	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crown of the Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moscow	Muscovite victory^[27] Muscovy captures Smolensk
1534–1537	Lithuanian-Muscovite War	Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crown of the Kingdom of Poland	Principality of Moscow	Peace treaty Muscovy gives Gomel Muscovy gains new fortresses Sebezh, Zavolochye and Velizh

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth versus Tsarist Russia

Date	Conflict	Poland–Lithuania and allies	Russia and allies	Result
1561–1570	Lithuanian–Muscovite War	Crown of the Kingdom of Poland From 1569: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia (or Muscovy)	Russian (Muscovite) victory
1577-1583	Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Principality of Transylvania	Tsardom of Russia (or Muscovy)	Polish–Lithuanian/Swedish/Dano-Norwegian victory Livonia, Courland and Semigallia to Poland–Lithuania.
1605	1st Dimitriad	False Dmitry 1 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia Russian supporters	Victory of False Dmitry 1
1606	Moscow uprising	False Dmitry 1 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia Russian supporters	Victory of Shuisky's coalition^[28]
1607–1609	2nd Dimitriad	False Dmitry 2 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia Russian supporters	Government victory^[29]^[30]
1609–1618	Polish–Muscovite War	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia	Polish–Lithuanian victory
Autumn 1632 – Spring 1634	Smolensk War	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Tsardom of Russia	Polish–Lithuanian victory Treaty of Polyanovka
1654–1667	Russo-Polish War	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Crimean Khanate Cossack allies	Tsardom of Russia Cossack allies	Russian victory Treaty of Andrusovo
April 1768 – August 5, 1772	War of the Bar Confederation	Bar Confederation France	Russian Empire Royal Regiments	Victory of Russian Empire and Royal Regiments First Partition of Poland
18 May – 27 July 1792	Polish–Russian War of 1792	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Russian Empire	Russian victory Second Partition of Poland
24 March – 30 November 1794	Kościuszko Uprising	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Russian Empire Kingdom of Prussia Habsburg Monarchy	Russian victory Third Partition of Poland

Polish states and rebels versus Russian Empire

Date	Conflict	Polish and allies	Russia and allies	Result
24 June – 14 December 1812	French invasion of Russia, pitched by Napoleon as the "Second Polish War"	France Multiple allies, including Duchy of Warsaw	Russian Empire	Russian victory
3 March 1813 – 30 May 1814	War of the Sixth Coalition	France Multiple allies, including Duchy of Warsaw	Russian Empire and allies	Coalition victory Creation of Congress Poland
29 November 1830 – 21 October 1831	November Uprising	Congress Poland	Russian Empire	Russian government victory
22 January 1863 – 18 June 1864	January Uprising	Polish National Government and multicultural insurgents Garibaldi Legion	Russian Empire	Russian government victory
1905–1907	Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland	Polish revolutionaries	Russian Empire	Russian government victory

Poland versus Soviet Union

Date	Conflict	Poland and allies	Soviet Union and allies	Result
18 November 1918 – February 1919	Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919	Poland Ukraine Belarus Estonia Latvia Lithuania Romania White Movement Ober Ost Supported by United Kingdom	Russian SFSR	Polish victory Start of the Polish-Soviet War
14 February 1919 – 18 March 1921	Polish–Soviet War	Second Polish Republic Ukrainian People's Republic	Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Byelorussian SSR Polrewkom	Polish victory Peace of Riga
17 September – 6 October 1939	Soviet invasion of Poland	Poland	Soviet Union Germany Slovakia	Soviet-Nazi victory

¹ Originally a Polish civil war that Russia, among others, became involved in.
² Originally a Hungarian revolution but was joined with Polish force on Hungarian side against Austria and Russia.
³ Part of the broader Russian Revolution of 1905.

Notes

^ In the end, after the Battle of Wilichów, Bolesław III Wrymouth defeated Vladimirko Volodarovich
^ Although Leszek did not get Halych, he fulfilled his aim of introducing his influence and achieved a military victory, but not a political one^[18]
^ The existence of this rebellion is uncertain.

References

^ Щавелева Н.И. Древняя Русь в "Польской истории" Яна Длугоша М. 2004. с.230
^ Dimnik M. Yaroslav Vladimirovich (англ.) // Encyclopedia of Russian History / Ed.-in-Chief J. R. Millar. — New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. — P. 1702. — ISBN 0-02-865907-4.
^ Королюк В.Д. Западные славяне и Киевская Русь в X—XI вв. — М.: Наука, 1964. — 383 с.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Martin 2007, p. 31.
^ ^a ^b "Jak król Bolesław niewierne żony ukarał". CiekawostkiHistoryczne.pl (in Polish). 2020-05-25. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
^ ^a ^b po/PAP (2011-12-24). "Trochę historii: 935 lat temu Bolesław Szczodry został królem Polski". Newsweek (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-09-01.
^ "Bolesław Śmiały i Stanisław ze Szczepanowa. Krwawa rozprawa króla z biskupem zdrajcą | HISTORIA.org.pl - historia, kultura, muzea, matura, rekonstrukcje i recenzje historyczne". HISTORIA.org.pl (in Polish). 2021-03-04. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
^ Pashuto 1968, p. 44.
^ Pashuto 1968, p. 151.
^ ^a ^b Pashuto 1968, p. 152.
^ "Zwycięskie wojny Polski z Rusią i Rosją na przestrzeni wieków | HISTORIA.org.pl - historia, kultura, muzea, matura, rekonstrukcje i recenzje historyczne". HISTORIA.org.pl (in Polish). 2012-06-12. Retrieved 2024-11-23. Rozwścieczony Bolesław w bitwie po Wilichowem zmiażdżył wschodniego władcę skutecznie wybijając mu z głowy walki z Polską.
^ ^a ^b Karamzin 1824.
^ Pashuto 1968, p. 153.
^ Pashuto 1968, p. 159.
^ Włodarski 1927, p. 15—16.
^ Włodarski 1927, p. 87.
^ Włodarski 1927, p. 39.
^ ^a ^b Włodarski 1927, p. 50.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Włodarski 1927, p. 88.
^ Pashuto 1968, p. 252.
^ ^a ^b Andrzej Rozwałka (2019). „Wrota” na pograniczu polsko-ruskim w kontekście znanej bitwy polsko-ruskiej w 1266 r. w nieznanym miejscu. Glosa do dyskusji nad lokalizacją (in Polish). Lublin: University of Lublin.
^ Kotlar 2003, p. 322.
^ ^a ^b Nowak, A. (2010). Historia Polski. Kalendarium dziejów: Pradzieje-1655. p. 183.
^ ^a ^b Leszczyńscy, A.; Leszczyńscy, M. Najważniejsze wydarzenia w historii Polski i świata. p. 35.
^ ^a ^b "Stosunki polsko-węgierskie za panowania dynastii piastowskiej | HISTORIA.org.pl - historia, kultura, muzea, matura, rekonstrukcje i recenzje historyczne". HISTORIA.org.pl (in Polish). 2009-12-14.
^ ^a ^b "Jak Kazimierz Wielki przyłączył do Królestwa Polskiego Ruś Halicką ze Lwowem (fragment książki prof. Krzysztofa Ożoga "Narodziny potęgi")". Kresy24.pl - Wschodnia Gazeta Codzienna (in Polish).
^ Карамзин Н. М. История государства Российского. — СПб.: Тип. Н. Греча, 1816—1829. — Т. 7.
^ Платонов, Сергей Федорович (1899). "Очерки по истории смуты в московском государстве".
^ Gumilev 2023, pp. 375–376.
^ After the final defeat, he was killed by the Tatars in 1610

Sources

Włodarski, Bronisław (1927), Polityka ruska Leszka białego, vol. III, Lviv: Biblioteka Uniwersytecka w Poznaniu
Kotlar, Nikolai (2003). Политика южной Руси [The politics of Southern Russia] (in Russian). Алетейя. ISBN 5-89329-593-5.
Gumilev, Lev (2023) [1992]. От Руси к России [For Rus' to Russia]. Эксклюзивная классика (revised ed.). Moscow: AST. ISBN 978-5-17-153845-3.
Karamzin, Nikolay (1824). История Государства Российского [History of the Russian state]. Volume II, Chapter IX.
Martin, Janet (2007). Medieval Russia: 980–1584. Second Edition. E-book. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-36800-4.
Solovyov, Sergey (1879). История России с древнейших времён [The history of Russia since ancient times] (in Russian). Chapter VII.
Pashuto, Vladimir (1968). Внешняя политика Руси [The foreign policy of Russia] (in Russian). Moscow: Наука.

[12] In the end, after the Battle of Wilichów, Bolesław III Wrymouth defeated Vladimirko Volodarovich

[20] Although Leszek did not get Halych, he fulfilled his aim of introducing his influence and achieved a military victory, but not a political one^[18]

[33] The existence of this rebellion is uncertain.

[1] Щавелева Н.И. Древняя Русь в "Польской истории" Яна Длугоша М. 2004. с.230

[2] Dimnik M. Yaroslav Vladimirovich (англ.) // Encyclopedia of Russian History / Ed.-in-Chief J. R. Millar. — New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. — P. 1702. — ISBN 0-02-865907-4.

[3] Королюк В.Д. Западные славяне и Киевская Русь в X—XI вв. — М.: Наука, 1964. — 383 с.

[FOOTNOTEMartin200731-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Martin 2007, p. 31.

[:0-5] "Jak król Bolesław niewierne żony ukarał". CiekawostkiHistoryczne.pl (in Polish). 2020-05-25. Retrieved 2024-09-01.

[:1-6] /PAP (2011-12-24). "Trochę historii: 935 lat temu Bolesław Szczodry został królem Polski". Newsweek (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-09-01.

[7] "Bolesław Śmiały i Stanisław ze Szczepanowa. Krwawa rozprawa króla z biskupem zdrajcą | HISTORIA.org.pl - historia, kultura, muzea, matura, rekonstrukcje i recenzje historyczne". HISTORIA.org.pl (in Polish). 2021-03-04. Retrieved 2024-09-01.

[FOOTNOTEPashuto196844-8] Pashuto 1968, p. 44.

[FOOTNOTEPashuto1968151-9] Pashuto 1968, p. 151.

[FOOTNOTEPashuto1968152-10] Pashuto 1968, p. 152.

[11] "Zwycięskie wojny Polski z Rusią i Rosją na przestrzeni wieków | HISTORIA.org.pl - historia, kultura, muzea, matura, rekonstrukcje i recenzje historyczne". HISTORIA.org.pl (in Polish). 2012-06-12. Retrieved 2024-11-23. Rozwścieczony Bolesław w bitwie po Wilichowem zmiażdżył wschodniego władcę skutecznie wybijając mu z głowy walki z Polską.

[FOOTNOTEKaramzin1824-13] Karamzin 1824.

[FOOTNOTEPashuto1968153-14] Pashuto 1968, p. 153.

[FOOTNOTEPashuto1968159-15] Pashuto 1968, p. 159.

[FOOTNOTEWłodarski192715—16-16] Włodarski 1927, p. 15—16.

[FOOTNOTEWłodarski192787-17] Włodarski 1927, p. 87.

[FOOTNOTEWłodarski192739-18] Włodarski 1927, p. 39.

[FOOTNOTEWłodarski192750-19] Włodarski 1927, p. 50.

[FOOTNOTEWłodarski192788-21] Włodarski 1927, p. 88.

[FOOTNOTEPashuto1968252-22] Pashuto 1968, p. 252.

[:6-23] Andrzej Rozwałka (2019). „Wrota” na pograniczu polsko-ruskim w kontekście znanej bitwy polsko-ruskiej w 1266 r. w nieznanym miejscu. Glosa do dyskusji nad lokalizacją (in Polish). Lublin: University of Lublin.

[FOOTNOTEKotlar2003322-24] Kotlar 2003, p. 322.

[:2-25] Nowak, A. (2010). Historia Polski. Kalendarium dziejów: Pradzieje-1655. p. 183.

[:3-26] Leszczyńscy, A.; Leszczyńscy, M. Najważniejsze wydarzenia w historii Polski i świata. p. 35.

[:4-27] "Stosunki polsko-węgierskie za panowania dynastii piastowskiej | HISTORIA.org.pl - historia, kultura, muzea, matura, rekonstrukcje i recenzje historyczne". HISTORIA.org.pl (in Polish). 2009-12-14.

[:5-28] "Jak Kazimierz Wielki przyłączył do Królestwa Polskiego Ruś Halicką ze Lwowem (fragment książki prof. Krzysztofa Ożoga "Narodziny potęgi")". Kresy24.pl - Wschodnia Gazeta Codzienna (in Polish).

[29] Карамзин Н. М. История государства Российского. — СПб.: Тип. Н. Греча, 1816—1829. — Т. 7.

[30] Платонов, Сергей Федорович (1899). "Очерки по истории смуты в московском государстве".

[FOOTNOTEGumilev2023375–376-31] Gumilev 2023, pp. 375–376.

[32] After the final defeat, he was killed by the Tatars in 1610

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