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List of disasters by cost

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 36 min

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Disasters can have high costs associated with responding to and recovering from them. This page lists the estimated economic costs of relatively recent disasters.

The costs of disasters vary considerably depending on a range of factors, such as the geographical location where they occur. When a large disaster occurs in a wealthy country, the financial damage may be large, but when a comparable disaster occurs in a poorer country, the actual financial damage may appear to be relatively small. This is in part due to the difficulty of measuring the financial damage in areas that lack insurance. For example, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, with a death toll of around 230,000 people, cost a 'mere' $15 billion,[1] whereas in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, in which 11 people died, the damage was six times higher.

The most expensive disaster in human history is the Chernobyl disaster, costing an estimated $700 billion.[2] Chernobyl's circumstances make it a unique but particularly devastating situation that is unlikely to ever happen again. Estimations have only increased over time, with the recent figure coming from the release of new government data up to 2016.[3] Furthermore, the cost is expected to perpetually increase for several thousand years as cleanup operations and the economic impact of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone continue indefinitely.[4] The most expensive natural disaster is the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, costing an estimated $360 billion.[5]

Over $1 billion

[edit]

This table lists disasters which are estimated to have an economic cost of at least 1 billion United States dollars without taking inflation into account.

List of disasters by cost
Cost ($billion) Fatalities Event Type Year Nation(s)
Actual Inflated to
(2023 unless
otherwise stated)
$700[3] $899.8 30–500 Chernobyl disaster Contamination (Radioactive) 1986 Soviet Union Soviet Union (Ukraine, Belarus, Russia)
$360[6][7][5] $487.6 19,759 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami + Fukushima nuclear disaster Undersea Megathrust Earthquake, Tsunami, Contamination (Radioactive) 2011 Japan Japan
$200[8] $399.9 5,502 – 6,434 Great Hanshin earthquake Earthquake 1995 Japan Japan
$163.6[9][10] $163.6 59,488 – 62,013 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes Earthquake 2023 West Asia ( Turkey,  Syria)
$148[11] $209.4 87,587 2008 Sichuan earthquake Earthquake 2008 China China
$125[12] $195 1,392 Hurricane Katrina Tropical cyclone 2005 United States United States,  Bahamas
$125[12] $155.4 107 Hurricane Harvey Tropical cyclone 2017 Americas (United States, Mexico, Cayman Islands, Guyana, others)
$113[12] $117.7 161 Hurricane Ian Tropical cyclone 2022 North America (United States, Cuba, Venezuela, others)
$105[13][14] $123.6 6,511 2020 South Asian floods Flood 2020 South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, others)
$91.6[12] $113.9 3,059[15] Hurricane Maria Tropical cyclone 2017 North America (Puerto Rico, Dominica, Guadeloupe, others)
$85[16] $85 35 Hurricane Milton Tropical cyclone 2024 North America and the Antiles (United States, Mexico, Cuba, others)
$81.6[17] $81.6 225 Hurricane Helene Tropical cyclone 2024 North America (United States, Cuba, Mexico, others)
$75[18] $84.3 107 Hurricane Ida Tropical cyclone 2021 North America (United States, Cuba, Venezuela, others)
$70[19] $82.4 451 2019–20 Australian bushfire season Wildfire 2019-20 Australia Australia
$68.7[12] $91.2 254 Hurricane Sandy Tropical cyclone 2012 North America (United States, Haiti, Cuba, others)
$64.8[12] $80.5 134 Hurricane Irma Tropical cyclone 2017 North America (United States, Sint Maarten, Collectivity of Saint Martin, others)
$64[20] $72 243 2021 European floods Flood 2021 Europe (Germany, Belgium, Romania, others)
$60 – $100[21] $83.8 – $139.7 11 Deepwater Horizon oil spill Contamination (Oil) 2010 United States United States
$53.25[22] $130.9 5,000+ 1988–1990 North American drought Drought 1988-89 United States United States, Canada Canada
$49.6 – $56.1[23] $64.9 – $73.4 104 2012–2013 North American drought Drought 2012-13 United States United States, Canada Canada
$51.4[24] $71.8 3,189 2010 China floods Flood 2010  China,  North Korea
$49[25] $100.7 57 1994 Northridge earthquake Earthquake 1994 United States United States
$47[26] $60.4 100,300[27] 2015 Southeast Asian haze Wildfire, subsequent haze 2015 Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, others)
$46[28] $58.4 273 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes Earthquake 2016 Japan Japan
$45.7[29] $61.9 815 2011 Thailand floods Flood 2011 Thailand Thailand
$41.6[30] $41.6 2,309 2023 South Asian floods Flood 2023 South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, others)
$40[31] $54.2 185 2011 Christchurch earthquake Earthquake 2011 New Zealand New Zealand
$40[32] $41.6 1,700 2022 Pakistan floods Flood 2022 Pakistan Pakistan
$38[12] $53.8 214 Hurricane Ike Tropical cyclone 2008 North America (United States, Haiti, Cuba, others)
$32[33][34] $37.7 278[33] 2020 China floods Flood 2020 China China
$28.4[35] $28.4 137 Typhoon Doksuri Tropical cyclone 2023 Southeast Asia (

China, Philippines, Taiwan, others)

$28[36][37] $45.2 68 2004 Chūetsu earthquake Earthquake 2004 Japan Japan
$27.4[12] $42.7 87 Hurricane Wilma Tropical cyclone 2005 North America (United States, Mexico, Haiti, others)
$27.3[12] $59.3 65 Hurricane Andrew Tropical cyclone 1992 United States United States
$26.5[38] $29.8 237[39][40][41][42] February 13–17, 2021 North American winter storm Winter storm, Infrastructure failure (electric) 2021 North America (United States, Mexico, Canada)
$26.1[12] $42.1 124 Hurricane Ivan Tropical cyclone 2004 North America (United States, Grenada, Jamaica, others)
$25.1[43] $30.5 74 Hurricane Michael Tropical cyclone 2018 North America (United States, Cuba, Honduras, others)
$24.0[23] $29.1 103 2018 California wildfires Wildfire 2018 United States United States
$22.3[44] $30.2 111 2011 Sikkim earthquake Earthquake 2011 Southern Asia (India, Nepal, Bangladesh, others)
$22[45] $27.9 449 2016 China floods Flood 2016  China
$21.8 – $135[46] $37.5 – $232.3 2,996 September 11 terrorist attacks Terror attack 2001 United States United States
$21.1[47] $21.1 5,951 – 20,000 Storm Daniel Tropical cyclone, Dam failure 2023 Libya Libya, Greece Greece
$20[48] $74 4,900 1980 Irpinia earthquake Earthquake 1980 Italy Italy
$20[49] $20.8 24,501 2022 European heatwaves Heatwave 2022 Europe (France, Spain, Germany, others)
$20[50] $20 27 2024 Central European floods Flood 2024 Central Europe (Poland, Romania, Czech Republic, others)
$19.2 $32.5 232 2002 European floods Flood 2002 Central Europe (Czech Republic, Germany, Austria, others)
$19.1[33][51] $22.5 77 Hurricane Laura Tropical cyclone 2020 North America (United States, Dominican Republic, Haiti, others)
$18.6 (official estimated)
[citation needed] 		$20.9 398 (official confirmed) 2021 Henan floods Flood 2021 China China
$18.5[12] $28.9 97 – 125 Hurricane Rita Tropical cyclone 2005 United States United States
$17.9 (official estimated)
[citation needed] 		$21.3 108 (official confirmed) Typhoon Hagibis Tropical cyclone 2019 Japan Japan
$17.6 (estimated)[52] $17.6 447 2024 Noto earthquake Earthquake 2024 Japan Japan
$17.6[53] $32.2 140 Cyclone Lothar European windstorm 1999 Western Europe (France, Germany, Italy, others)
$16.9[12] $27.3 35 Hurricane Charley Tropical cyclone 2004 North America (United States, Jamaica, Cuba)
$16.9[54] $22.4 363 2012 Nigeria floods Flood 2012  Nigeria
$16.3[55] $23.1 3,418 2006 European heatwave Heatwave 2006 Europe (France, Spain, United Kingdom, others)
$16.0[56] $22.7 308 2009 L'Aquila earthquake Earthquake 2009 Italy Italy
$16.0[57] $17 ≥52 Hurricane Otis Tropical cyclone 2023 Mexico Mexico
$15.8 $15.8 815 Typhoon Yagi Tropical cyclone 2024 Southeast Asia (Vietnam, China, Myanmar,Philippines, others)
$15.8[58] $21 27 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes Earthquake 2012 Italy Italy
$15.6[59] $20.4 25 2013 European floods Flood 2013 Europe (Germany, Hungary, Czech Republic, others)
$15.1[60][61] $19.2 731 Hurricane Matthew Tropical cyclone 2016 North America (Haiti, United States, Cuba, others)
$15 – $20[62] $31.6 – $42.2 47 Great Flood of 1993 Flood 1993 United States United States
$15.0[63] $35 197 Cyclones Daria, Vivian, and Wiebke European windstorm 1990 Western Europe (United Kingdom, Germany, France, others)
$15[1] $24.2 230,000 – 280,000 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami Earthquake, Tsunami 2004 Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, others)
$15.0[64] $21 56,000 2010 Russian heat wave Wildfire, Heatwave 2010  Russia
$15.0[65][66][better source needed] $18.6 44 October 2017 Northern California wildfires Wildfire 2017 United States United States
$15 – $30[67] $21 – $41.9 525 2010 Chile earthquake Earthquake 2010  Chile
$15[68] $17.7 218 2020 Beirut explosion Ammonium nitrate explosion 2020 Lebanon Lebanon
$14.8[69] $14.8 995 2023 Western North America heat wave Heatwave 2023 North America (United States, Mexico, Canada)
$14.5[70] $24 72,000 2003 European heatwave Heatwave 2003 Europe (Italy, France, Spain, others)
$14.2[71] $36.6 38,000 1988 Armenian earthquake Earthquake 1988  Armenia ( Soviet Union)
$14.2[12] $19.2 58 Hurricane Irene Tropical cyclone 2011 North America (United States, Puerto Rico, Canada, others)
$14[72] $17 21 Typhoon Jebi Tropical cyclone 2018 East Asia (Japan, Taiwan, Russia, others)
$13 – $14[33][73] $15.3 – $16.5 128[74] Cyclone Amphan Tropical cyclone 2020 Eastern South Asia (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, others)
$12.9[75] $18.3 138,366 Cyclone Nargis Tropical cyclone 2008 Myanmar Myanmar
$12.7[76] $16.3 130 November 2015 Paris attacks Terror attack 2015 France France
$12[77] $15.4 506 2015 South India floods Flood 2015  India
$11.7[78] $13.8 1 2020 Zagreb earthquake Earthquake 2020  Croatia,  Slovenia
$11.5[79] $13.5 4[79] August 2020 Midwest derecho Derecho 2020  United States
$11[80] $14 299 August 2016 Central Italy earthquake Earthquake 2016 Italy Italy
$11[81] $11 17 2023 Emilia-Romagna floods Flood 2023 Italy Italy
$10.4[82] $13.6 12 Typhoon Fitow Tropical cyclone 2013 China China
$10.2[23] $13.8 348 2011 Super Outbreak + Hackleburg–Phil Campbell and Tuscaloosa–Birmingham tornadoes Tornado outbreak 2011 United States United States
$10.1[69] $11.4 1,400 2021 Western North America heat wave Heat Wave 2021  Canada,  United States
$10 – $15[83] $12.7 – $19 13 2016 Louisiana floods Flood 2016 United States United States
$10[23] $37 1,700 – 10,000 1980 United States heat wave Drought 1980 United States United States
$10[84] $22.4 64 Typhoon Mireille Tropical cyclone 1991 Japan Japan
$10[85] $18.3 2,415 1999 Jiji earthquake Earthquake 1999  Taiwan
$10[86] $14.7 11 2007 Chūetsu earthquake Earthquake 2007  Japan
$10[87] $12.9 8,964 April 2015 Nepal earthquake Earthquake 2015 Southern Asia (Nepal, India, China, others)
$10[63] $14.7 44 Cyclone Kyrill European windstorm 2007 Western Europe (United Kingdom, France, Germany, others)
$10[23] $14.2 16 June 2008 Midwest floods Flood 2008 United States United States
$10[23] $53.5 242,419 – 655,000 1976 Tangshan earthquake Earthquake 1976 China China
$10[88] $11.9 3 Typhoon Faxai Tropical cylone 2019  Japan,  Wake Island
$10[89] $10 8 Typhoon Shanshan Tropical cyclone 2024  Japan,  South Korea
$9.91[90] $12.8 615 – 727 2014 Ludian earthquake Earthquake 2014  China
$9.86 (official estimated)
[citation needed] 		$11.8 238 (official confirmed) 2018 Japan floods Flood 2018 Japan Japan
$9.8[12][91][92][93] $15.8 50 Hurricane Frances Tropical cyclone 2004 North America (United States, The Bahamas)
$9.5[12] $23.4 60 Hurricane Hugo Tropical cyclone 1989 North America (United States, Puerto Rico, Guadeloupe, others)
$9.5[94][95] $12.1 2 2016 Fort McMurray wildfire Wildfire 2016 Canada Canada
$9.4[12] $17.6 604 Hurricane Georges Tropical cyclone 1998 North America (Puerto Rico, United States, Dominican Republic, others)
$9.28[96] $11.1 105 Typhoon Lekima Tropical cyclone 2019 Southeast Asia (China, Philippines, Malaysia, others)
$9.12[97] $9.5 612 2022 Nigeria floods Flood 2022  Nigeria
$9[98] $15.5 55 Tropical Storm Allison Tropical cyclone 2001  United States,  Canada
$9[99] $14.5 28 Typhoon Songda Tropical cyclone 2004 Japan Japan
$8.8[100] $9.2 4 2022 Fukushima earthquake Earthquake 2022 Japan Japan
$8.5[101] $15.5 17,127 – 18,373 1999 İzmit earthquake Earthquake 1999 Turkey Turkey
$8.5[12] $14.6 55 Tropical Storm Allison Tropical cyclone 2001 United States United States
$8.4[102] $8.4 11 Cyclone Gabrielle Tropical cyclone 2023 New Zealand New Zealand
$8.3[12] $11.7 153 Hurricane Gustav Tropical cyclone 2008 North America (United States, Cuba, Haiti, others)
$8.3[33] $9.8 189 Hurricane Eta Tropical cyclone 2020 Caribbean basin (Honduras, Guatemala, Mexico, others)
$8.1 – $14[103][104] $11.3 – $19.6 100,000 – 220,000 2010 Haiti earthquake Earthquake 2010 Haiti Haiti
$8.1[105] $9.7 89 Cyclone Fani Tropical cyclone 2019  India,  Bangladesh
$8[106] $18.7 45,000 1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake Earthquake 1990 Iran Iran
$8[107] $9.9 370 2017 Puebla earthquake Earthquake 2017  Mexico
$7.9[12] $12.7 3,035 Hurricane Jeanne Tropical cyclone 2004 North America (Haiti, United States, Dominican Republic, others)
$7.8[108] $7.8 84+ Cyclone Remal Tropical cyclone 2024 Southern Asia (India, Bangladesh, Myanmar)
$7.6[109] $7.9 50,900[110] 2022 China heat wave Heatwave 2022  China
$7.6[111] $7.6 7 2023 Slovenia floods Flood 2023 Julian Alps (Slovenia, Austria, Croatia)
$7.5[112] $12.9 20,023 2001 Gujarat earthquake Earthquake 2001 India India, Pakistan Pakistan
$7.5[113] $8.4 5 2021 Pacific Northwest floods Flood 2021  Canada,  United States
$7.3[79] $8.6 5[79] Hurricane Sally Tropical cyclone 2020  United States
$7.3[114] $7.3 31 Tornado outbreak sequence of May 19–27, 2024 Tornado outbreak 2024 United States United States
$7.13[115] $9.2 196 Typhoon Rammasun Tropical cyclone 2014 Southeast Asia (Philippines, Vietnam, China, others)
$7[116] $7 2,960 2023 Al Haouz earthquake Earthquake 2023 Morocco Morocco
$7[117] $17.2 0 Exxon Valdez oil spill Contamination (Oil) 1989 North America (United States, Canada)
$6.7[118] $37.9 229,000 Typhoon Nina + 1975 Banqiao Dam failure Tropical cyclone, Dam failure 1975  China,  Taiwan
$6.5[12] $11.9 74 Hurricane Floyd Tropical cyclone 1999 North America (United States, The Bahamas, Canada)
$6.5[119] $9.6 13 2007 United Kingdom floods Flood 2007 United Kingdom United Kingdom
$6.41[120][121][122] $8 24 Typhoon Hato Tropical cyclone 2017 Southeast Asia (China, Macau, Vietnam, others)
$6.4[123] $10.6 7 Space Shuttle Columbia disaster Space flight accident 2003 United States United States
$6.3[124] $10.8 28 Typhoon Saomai-Osang Tropical cyclone 2000 East Asia (Japan, Russia, South Korea)
$6.3[19] $8.9 173 Black Saturday bushfires Wildfire 2009 Australia Australia
$6.2[125] $7.7 630 2017 Iran–Iraq earthquake Earthquake 2017 Iran Iran, IraqIraq
$6.2[126] $8.8 789 Typhoon Morakot Tropical cyclone 2009 Southeast Asia (Taiwan, China, Philippines, others)
$6.2[127] $6.2 70 Hurricane Beryl Tropical cyclone 2024 Caribbean basin (United States, Grenada, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Venezuela, others)
$6.1[12] $11.4 11,374+ Hurricane Mitch Tropical cyclone 1998 North America (Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala, others)
$6.1[63] $8.5 75 Cyclone Xynthia European windstorm 2010 Western Europe (France, Spain, Portugal, others)
$6.1[128] $7.2 7 2020 Petrinja earthquake Earthquake 2020 Balkans (Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, others)
$6.1[114] $6.1 6 Tornado outbreak of May 6–10, 2024 Tornado outbreak 2024 United States United States
$6[129] $14.7 63 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake Earthquake 1989  United States
$6[130] $10.6 75 Typhoon Prapiroon Tropical cyclone 2000 Northeast Asia (China, South Korea, Japan, others)
$6[131] $9.9 11 Northeast blackout of 2003 Infrastructure failure (electric) 2003 United States United States, Canada Canada
$6[63] $8.5 26 Cyclone Klaus European windstorm 2009 Southeastern Europe (France, Spain, Italy, others)
$6[132] $7.8 5 2013 Alberta floods Flood 2013 Canada Canada
$5.7[133] $6 33 Tornado outbreak of March 31–April 1, 2023 Tornado outbreak 2023 United States United States
$5.5[63] $8.6 24 Cyclone Gudrun European windstorm 2005 North Europe (United Kingdom, Denmark, Sweden, others)
$5.5[12] $9.1 51 Hurricane Isabel Tropical cyclone 2003 United States United States
$5.5[134] $11.6 270[134] 1993 Storm of the Century Winter storm 1993  United States
$5.5[114] $5.5 102 2023 Hawaii wildfires Wildfire 2023 United States United States
$5.2[135] $8.1 86,000 – 87,351 2005 Kashmir earthquake Earthquake 2005  Pakistan ,  India
$5.2[136] 19.2 5,000 1980 El Asnam earthquake Earthquake 1980 Algeria Algeria
$5.1[137][138][139] $6.1 84[138][139] Hurricane Dorian Tropical cyclone 2019 North America (The Bahamas,United States,Canada, others)
$5.07[140] $101.6 422,499 – 4,000,000 1931 China floods Flood 1931  China
$5[141] $14.2 10,000 – 35,000 1985 Mexico City earthquake Earthquake 1985 Mexico Mexico
$5[142] $9.7 284 – 590 Typhoon Herb Tropical cyclone 1996 East Asia (China, Taiwan, Japan)
$5[48] $8.3 2,266 2003 Boumerdès earthquake Earthquake 2003 Algeria Algeria
$5[143] $6 5[143] Tropical Storm Imelda Tropical cyclone 2019  United States
$4.95[144] $5.9 61 2019 Karnataka floods Flood 2019  India
$4.8[145] $6.2 86 2014 Southeast Europe floods Flood 2014 Southeast Europe (Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, others)
$4.8[146] $5.8 483 2018 Kerala floods Flood 2018  India
$4.77[147] $5 54 2021–2022 Malaysian floods Flood 2022  Malaysia
$4.7[12] $9.4 63 Hurricane Opal Tropical cyclone 1995 North America (Mexico, Guatemala, United States, others)
$4.7[148] $6.6 0 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull Volcanic eruption 2010  Iceland, Northern Hemisphere (ash cloud only)
$4.67[149] $8.9 11 1997 Umbria and Marche earthquake Earthquake 1997  Italy
$4.6[150][151][152] $6 6,329 – 7,403 Typhoon Haiyan Tropical cyclone 2013 Southeast Asia (Philippines, China, Taiwan, others)
$4.6[153] $4.6 22 2022–2023 California floods Flood 2022-23  United States
$4.5[154] $18.9 136 1979 Montenegro earthquake Earthquake 1979  Yugoslavia (Montenegro, Albania, Croatia)
$4.5[155] $8.5 114 1997 Central European flood Flood 1997 Central Europe

(Czech Republic, Poland, Germany)

$4.47[156] $8.5 240 1997 Indonesian forest fires + 1997 Southeast Asian haze + Garuda Indonesia Flight 152 Wildfire, subsequent haze and plane crash 1997 Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, others)
$4.44[157] $8.1 9,887 1999 Odisha cyclone Tropical cyclone 1999 South Asia (India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, others)
$4.4[158] $6.5 78 Cyclone Gonu Tropical cyclone 2007 Oman Oman, Iran Iran
$4.4[159] $5.2 9 Hurricane Zeta Tropical cyclone 2020 North America and the Antiles (United States, Jamaica, Mexico, others)
$4.3[160] $4.3 6 Typhoon Mawar Tropical cyclone 2023 West Pacific basin (Japan, Guam, Taiwan, others)
$4.26[161] $5.6 46 Cyclone Phailin Tropical cyclone 2013 South Asia (India, Nepal, Myanmar, others)
$4.2[162] $7.7 143 1999 Athens earthquake Earthquake 1999 Greece Greece
$4.2[163] $7.1 238 Typhoon Rusa Tropical cyclone 2002 East Asia (South Korea, Japan, North Korea, others)
$4.2[164] $5.5 123 Hurricane Manuel Tropical cyclone 2013 Mexico Mexico
$4.1[23] $6.8 42 Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2003 Tornado 2003 United States United States
$4[63] $10.7 22 Great Storm of 1987 European windstorm 1987 Western Europe (United Kingdom, France, Spain, others)
$4[165] $5 98 2017 Chiapas earthquake Earthquake 2017 Mexico Mexico, Guatemala Guatemala
$3.98[166][167] $6.2 88 Hurricane Dennis Tropical cyclone 2005 North America and the Antiles (Haiti, Cuba, United States, others)
$3.9[168] $11.9 34 1983 Spanish floods Flood 1983  Spain
$3.9[169] $6.1 1,673 Hurricane Stan Tropical cyclone 2005 Central America (Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador, others)
$3.9[170] $5.4 22 Hurricane Karl Tropical cyclone 2010  Mexico,  Belize
$3.9[171] $4.4 90 Tornado outbreak of December 10–11, 2021 Tornado 2021 United States United States
$3.74[172] $4.5 134 Typhoon Mangkhut Tropical cyclone 2018 Southeast Asia (Philippines, China, Taiwan, others)
$3.7[173] $3.7 181 2024 Rio Grande do Sul floods Flood 2024 Brazil Brazil, Uruguay Uruguay
$3.6[174] $6 51 Hurricane Isabel Tropical cyclone 2003 North America and the Antiles (United States, Canada, The Bahamas, others)
$3.6[175] $4.6 7 Cyclone Yasi Tropical cyclone 2011 Australia Australia
$3.6[176] $3.7 93 2022 Luding earthquake Earthquake 2022  China
$3.58[177] $4.6 124 Cyclone Hudhud Tropical cyclone 2014  India,    Nepal
$3.55[178] $4.6 97 Typhoon Utor Tropical cyclone 2013  China,  Philippines
$3.54[179] $4.2 43 Cyclone Matmo–Bulbul Tropical cyclone 2019 South Asia (Bangladesh, India, Vietnam, others)
$3.5[180] $6.4 10,000 – 30,000 Vargas tragedy Flood, landslide and mudflow 1999  Venezuela
$3.5[181] $4.4 2 2016 Kaikōura earthquake Earthquake 2016  New Zealand
$3.5[182] $3.5 12 Hurricane Idalia Tropical cyclone 2023 North America (United States, Bermuda, Mexico, others)
$3.37[183] $4.3 47 Cyclone Vardah Tropical cyclone 2016 Indian Ocean basin (India, Thailand, Somalia, others)
$3.33[184] $3.5 27 2022 eastern Australia floods Flood 2022  Australia
$3.3[185] $6.6 19 Hurricane Luis Tropical cyclone 1995 North America and the Antiles (Sint Maarten, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, others)
$3.3[186] $4 41 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake Earthquake 2018  Japan
$3.2[187] $17.1 5,000 1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake Earthquake 1976  Turkey,  Iran
$3.2[188] $8.9 7[189] Space Shuttle Challenger disaster Space flight accident 1986 United States United States
$3.2[190] $6.1 372 Typhoon Winnie Tropical cyclone 1997 East Asia (China, Taiwan, Philippines, others)
$3.14[191] $4.4 37 2010 Central European floods Flood 2010 Central Europe (Poland, Austria, Czech Republic, others)
$3.11[192][193] $4.1 41 Hurricane Isaac Tropical cyclone 2012 North America and the Antiles (Haiti, United States, Dominican Republic, others)
$3.1[194] $16.6 8,000 1976 Moro Gulf earthquake Earthquake 1976  Philippines
$3.1[12] $6.7 6 Hurricane Iniki Tropical cyclone 1992 United States United States
$3.1[195] $4.7 5,749 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake Earthquake 2006  Indonesia
$3.1[196] $3.6 4 2019–20 Puerto Rico earthquakes Earthquake 2020 Puerto Rico Puerto Rico
$3.1[197] $3.1 8 2023 Canadian wildfires Wildfire 2023  Canada,  United States
$3.09[198] $3.6 6 Hurricane Delta Tropical cyclone 2020 North and Central America (United States, Mexico, Jamaica, others)
$3.09[199][200] $3.2 29 Hurricane Fiona Tropical cyclone 2022 North America (Puerto Rico, Canada, Dominican Republic, others)
$3.0[201] $29.5 36 1964 Niigata earthquake Earthquake 1964  Japan
$3.0[202] $9.2 21 Hurricane Alicia Tropical cyclone 1983  United States
$3.0[12] $7.7 318 Hurricane Gilbert Tropical cyclone 1988 North America (Mexico, Jamaica, Haiti, others)
$3.0[203] $3.8 676 2016 Ecuador earthquake Earthquake 2016 Latin America (Ecuador, Colombia, Peru)
$3.0[204] $3.6 5 2019 Arkansas River floods Flood 2019  United States
$2.99[205] $3.4 20 Cyclone Yaas Tropical cyclone 2021 South Asia (India, Bangladesh, Nepal, others)
$2.9[23] $3.8 22 June 2012 North American derecho Derecho 2012 United States United States
$2.9[23] $3.5 3 2019 Midwestern U.S. floods Flood 2019 United States United States
$2.8[206] $3.8 18 Tropical Storm Lee Tropical cyclone 2011  United States
$2.8[207] $3.8 158 2011 Joplin tornado Tornado 2011 United States United States
$2.68[208] $4.6 29 AZF chemical plant explosion Explosion 2001 France France
$2.67[209] $3.3 14 Cyclone Debbie Tropical cyclone 2017  Australia,  New Zealand
$2.63[210] $3.7 2 2010 Canterbury earthquake Earthquake 2010  New Zealand
$2.6[211] $6.4 13 1989 Newcastle earthquake Earthquake 1989  Australia
$2.5[23] $3 8 Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2019 Tornado 2019 United States United States
$2.5[23] $3.1 2 2017 Montana wildfires Drought, Wildfire 2017 United States United States
$2.5[23] $3.1 0 2017 Minneapolis hailstorm Hailstorm 2017 United States United States
$2.43[212] $4.2 48 Hurricane Michelle Tropical cyclone 2001 North and Central America (Honduras, Nicaragua, Cuba, others)
$2.4[114] $2.4 5 Severe weather sequence of July 13–16, 2024 Derecho, tornado outbreak, flood 2024 United States United States
$2.4[213] $2.4 52+ 2024 European floods Flood 2024 Europe (Germany, Switzerland, France, others)
$2.31[214][215] $2.3 126 Typhoon Gaemi Tropical cyclone 2024 Southeast Asia (China, Philippines, Vietnam, others)
$2.3[216] $3.4 15,000 Cyclone Sidr Tropical cyclone 2007 Southern Asia (Bangladesh, India, China, others)
$2.3[217] $3.3 1,115 2009 Sumatra earthquakes Earthquake 2009  Indonesia
$2.23[218] $3.5 25 Typhoon Matsa Tropical cyclone 2005 East Asia (China, Taiwan, Japan, others)
$2.2[23] $2.7 0 2017 Denver hailstorm Hailstorm 2017 United States United States
$2.2[219] $3 642 2011 Van earthquakes Earthquake 2011  Turkey
$2.2[220] $2.6 77 2019 Iran floods Flood 2019  Iran
$2.2[221] $2.2 463 – 564 Cyclone Mocha Tropical cyclone 2023 Southern Asia (Myanmar, Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, others)
$2.13[222] $2.7 135 Cyclone Roanu Tropical cyclone 2016 South Asia (Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India, others)
$2.1[223] $15.3 128 Hurricane Agnes Tropical cyclone 1972 North America and the Antiles (United States, Cuba, Canada, others)
$2.1[224][225] $3.1 983 Cyclones BOB 03 and Yemyin Tropical cyclone 2007 South Asia (Pakistan, India, Afghanistan)
$2.1[23] $2.6 0 Tornado outbreak of March 6–7, 2017 Tornado 2017 United States United States
$2[226] $10.7 11 Teton Dam disaster Dam failure 1976  United States
$2[227] $10.1 1,700 1977 Vrancea earthquake Earthquake 1977 Black Sea basin (Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova, others)
$2[228] $5.2 337 Hurricane Joan–Miriam Tropical cyclone 1988 Central and South America (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Colombia, others)
$2[229] $3.7 1,900 – 5,800 1999 Colombia earthquake Earthquake 1999  Colombia
$2[230] $3.7 20 December Storm European windstorm 1999 Central Europe (Denmark, Sweden, Germany)
$2[231] $3.4 1 2001 Nisqually earthquake Earthquake 2001  United States
$2[232] $2.7 33 Costa Concordia disaster Maritime disaster 2012 Italy Italy
$2[233] $2 46 2024 Persian Gulf floods Flood 2024 Persian Gulf basin (Oman, Iran, United Arab Emirates, others)
$2[234] $2 10 Hurricane Debby Tropical cyclone 2024 North America and Antiles (United States, Canada, The Bahamas, others)
$2[235] $2.6 26 2013 Moore tornado Tornado 2013 United States United States
$2[236] $2.1 95 2022 Iranian floods Flood 2022  Iran
$2[237] $2 151 2023 Jishishan earthquake Earthquake 2023  China
$1.9[238] $3.1 1 2003 Tokachi earthquake Earthquake 2003  Japan
$1.9[239] $1.9 6 Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse Bridge collapse 2024  United States
$1.81[240] $1.9 20 Typhoon Hinnamnor Tropical cyclone 2022 East Asia (South Korea, Russia, Japan, others)
$1.8[241] $11.1 8,210 Hurricane Fifi–Orlene Tropical cyclone 1974 Central America (Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, others)
$1.8[242] $2.4 36[242] 2011 Groundhog Day blizzard Winter storm 2011 North America (United States,Canada,Mexico)
$1.8[243] $1.8 422 2023 North India floods Flood 2023  India
$1.79[244] $7.5 2,078 Hurricane David Tropical cyclone 1979 North America and the Antiles (Dominican Republic, Dominica, United States, others)
$1.77[245] $7.4 12 Hurricane Frederic Tropical cyclone 1979 North America and the Antiles (United States, Cuba, Puerto Rico, others)
$1.73[246] $2.4 118 Cyclone Jal Tropical cyclone 2010 South and Southeast Asia (Thailand, India, Malaysia, others)
$1.7[247] $5.8 165 Piper Alpha explosion Explosion (oil rig) 1988 United Kingdom United Kingdom
$1.7[248] $3.8 138,866 1991 Bangladesh cyclone Tropical cyclone 1991 Southern Asia (Bangladesh, India, China, others)
$1.64[249] $2.3 180 Deep Depression ARB 02 Tropical cyclone 2008  Yemen
$1.62[250] $2.1 6 Typhoon Man-yi Tropical cyclone 2013  Japan
$1.6[251] $2.8 1,259 2001 El Salvador earthquakes Earthquake 2001 Latin America (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras)
$1.6[252][253] $2.3 22 Hurricane Dolly Tropical cyclone 2008 North and Central America (Guatemala, United States, Mexico, others)
$1.6[254] $2.1 216 2013 Lushan earthquake Earthquake 2013  China
$1.6[255] $1.9 500 2020 Sudan floods Flood 2020  Sudan
$1.6[256] $1.8 2,248 2021 Haiti earthquake Earthquake 2021 Haiti Haiti
$1.6[257] $1.6 21 Storm Ciarán European windstorm 2023 Europe (Italy, France, Belgium, others)
$1.57 $5.8 269 Hurricane Allen Tropical cyclone 1980 North America (United States, Mexico, Jamaica, Haiti, others)
$1.57[258] $1.8 233 2020 Central Vietnam floods Flood 2020 Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia< Laos)
$1.57[259] $1.8 174 Cyclone Tauktae Tropical cyclone 2021 South Asia (India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, others)
$1.57[260] $1.6 436 2022 KwaZulu-Natal floods Flood 2022  South Africa
$1.56[261] $1.8 41 2020 Elazığ earthquake Earthquake 2020 Turkey Turkey
$1.55[262] $1.8 0 2019 Dallas tornado Tornado 2019 United States United States
$1.52[263] $2.7 20 Autumn 2000 Western Europe floods Flood 2000 Western Europe (United Kingdom, France, Italy, others)
$1.5[264] $4.2 12 Hurricane Juan Tropical cyclone 1985  United States,  Canada
$1.5[265] $3.4 17 Hurricane Bob Tropical cyclone 1991 North Atlantic Ocean (United States, Canada, Portugal)
$1.5[266] $2.5 34,000 2003 Bam earthquake Earthquake 2003  Iran
$1.5[267] $2.3 172 Typhoon Talim Tropical cyclone 2005 Southeast Asia (China, Taiwan, Philippines)
$1.5[268] $2 32 Hurricane Ingrid Tropical cyclone 2013  Mexico,  United States
$1.5[269] $1.8 31 Cyclone Mekunu Tropical cyclone 2018 Arabian Peninsula (Yemen, Oman, Saudi Arabia)
$1.5[270] $1.8 270 Brumadinho dam disaster Dam failure 2019  Brazil
$1.5[271] $1.8 17 Typhoon Hagupit Tropical cyclone 2020 East Asia (South Korea, China, Taiwan, others)
$1.5[272] $1.5 0 Hurricane Francine Tropical cyclone 2024  United States,  Mexico
$1.48[273][274] $1.8 0 Typhoon Jongdari Tropical cyclone 2018  Japan,  China
$1.42[3] $11.8 259 Hurricane Camille Tropical cyclone 1969 North America and the Antiles (United States, Cuba, Mexico, others)
$1.418[275][276] $1.7 5 2020 Nashville tornado Tornado 2020 United States United States
$1.4[277] $1.8 44 Cyclone Winston Tropical cyclone 2016 Fiji Fiji
$1.4[278] $1.7 1,593 Cyclone Idai Tropical cyclone 2019 Southern Africa (Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Malawi, others)
$1.4[33] $1.6 84 Hurricane Iota Tropical cyclone 2020 Latin America (Honduras, Colombia, others)
$1.4[279] $1.6 1 2021 Cumbre Vieja volcanic eruption Volcanic eruption 2021  Spain
$1.39[280] $2 31 2009 Messina floods and mudslides Flood and musdlides 2009  Italy
$1.3[281] $3.7 9 Hurricane Elena Tropical cyclone 1985  United States,  Cuba
$1.3[242] $1.5 7 Tropical Storm Fred Tropical cyclone 2021 North America and the Antiles (United States, Dominican Republic, Haiti, others)
$1.3[282] $1.5 1 2021 Fukushima earthquake Earthquake 2021 Japan Japan
$1.3[101] $2.7 9,748 1993 Latur earthquake Earthquake 1993 India India
$1.28[283][284] $2.2 22 Hurricane Isidore Tropical cyclone 2002 North and Central America (Mexico, United States, Cuba, others)
$1.25[285][286] $1.7 17 2011 European floods Flood 2011 Europe and North Africa (Italy, France, Republic of Ireland, others)
$1.25[287] $1.6 18 Hurricane Odile Tropical cyclone 2014  Mexico,  United States
$1.24 – $2[288] $2.1 – $3.3 15 Cedar Fire Wildfire 2003 United States United States
$1.2 – $1.4[33][289][290] $1.4 – $1.6 0 2020 Calgary hailstorm Hailstorm 2020 Canada Canada
$1.217[291] $11.8 266 1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak Tornado outbreak 1965 United States United States
$1.2[292] $2.3 341 1996 Oman cyclone Tropical cyclone 1996 Arabian Sea basin (Oman, Yemen, Somalia)
$1.2[293] $1.6 916 January 2011 Rio de Janeiro floods and mudslides Flood, mudslides 2011  Brazil
$1.2[294] $1.4 0 Cyclone Veronica Tropical cyclone 2019  Australia,  East Timor
$1.2[242] $1.3 13 Hurricane Elsa Tropical cyclone 2021 North America and the Antiles (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Martinique, others)
$1.2[295] $1.2 44 July–August 2022 United States floods Flood 2022  United States
$1.2[296] $1.2 65 2023 São Paulo floods and landslides Flood, landslide 2023  Brazil
$1.2[114] $1.2 8 2024 Houston derecho Derecho 2024 United States United States
$1.19[297] $1.2 4 2023 Auckland Anniversary Weekend floods Flood 2023  New Zealand
$1.18[298] $2.4 3,063 Typhoon Fred Tropical cyclone 1994 East Asia (China, Taiwan, Japan)
$1.17[299] $1.8 20 Typhoon Haitang Tropical cyclone 2005 East Asia (China, Taiwan, Japan)
$1.15[300] $1.6 4 2010 Baja California earthquake Earthquake 2010  Mexico,  United States
$1.15[301][302] $1.5 40 Cyclone Ita Tropical cyclone 2014 Oceania (Solomon Islands, Australia, New Zealand, others)
$1.1[303] $1.5 1,901 Typhoon Bopha Tropical cyclone 2012 Philippines Philippines
$1.1[304] $4.6 0 Three Mile Island accident Contamination (Radiation) 1979 United States United States
$1.1[305] $4.1 57 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens Volcanic eruption, Subsequent landslides and mudslides 1980 United States United States
$1.1[306] $1.5 204 Tropical Storm Agatha Tropical cyclone 2010 Central America (Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, others)
$1.1[307] $1.4 6,054 2013 North India floods Flood 2013  India,    Nepal
$1.1[308] $1.2 5 May 2021 South Central United States flooding Flood 2021  United States
$1.1[309] $1.2 4 Hurricane Nicholas Tropical cyclone 2021  United States,  Mexico
$1.1[310] $1.1 0 East Palestine, Ohio, train derailment Contamination (Hazardous materials) 2023 United States United States
$1.08 (official estimated)
[citation needed] 		$1.4 173 (official confirmed) 2015 Tianjin explosions Explosion 2015 China China
$1.07 (official estimated)
[citation needed] 		$11.2 5,098 (official confirmed) Typhoon Vera Tropical cyclone 1959 Japan Japan
$1.06[311] $1.2 102 Typhoon Vamco Tropical cyclone 2020 Southeast Asia (Philippines, Vietnam, others)
$1.03[312] $2.1 33 Tropical Storm Alberto Tropical cyclone 1994  United States
$1.03[313] $1.3 142 Typhoon Damrey Tropical cyclone 2017 Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Philippines, Cambodia, others)
$1.01[314][315] $1.6 22 Hurricane Emily Tropical cyclone 2005 North and Central America (Haiti, Mexico, Jamaica, others)
$1[316] $17.9 142,800 1923 Great Kantō earthquake Earthquake 1923  Japan
$1[317] $12.7 3,769 1948 Fukui earthquake Earthquake 1948  Japan
$1[318] $10 2,500 Vajont Dam disaster Landslide, subsequent Megatsunami and dam failure 1963  Italy
$1[319] $10 1,100 1963 Skopje earthquake Earthquake 1963  North Macedonia ( Yugoslavia)
$1[320] $7.3 10,000 1972 Nicaragua earthquake Earthquake 1972  Nicaragua
$1[321] $5.4 23,000 1976 Guatemala earthquake Earthquake 1976  Guatemala,  Belize
$1[322] $1.4 921 Typhoon Ketsana Tropical cyclone 2009 Southeast Asia (Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos)
$1[323] $2.8 22,540 Armero tragedy Volcano eruption, Mudslides 1985 Colombia Colombia
$1 $1.1 98 Surfside condominium collapse Structure failure 2021 United States United States
$1[106] $4.7 50 1978 Thessaloniki earthquake Earthquake 1978 Greece Greece, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia, Bulgaria Bulgaria
$1[324] $3.1 104 1983 Sea of Japan earthquake Earthquake 1983  Japan
$1[325] $2.8 177 1985 Algarrobo earthquake Earthquake 1985  Chile
$1[326] $2.7 1,000 – 5,000 1987 Ecuador earthquakes Earthquake 1987 Ecuador Ecuador
$1[327] $2.6 709 1988 Nepal earthquake Earthquake 1988    Nepal,  India
$1[328] $2.2 561 1992 Cairo earthquake Earthquake 1992  Egypt
$1[329] $2.1 1,100 1994 Páez River earthquake Earthquake 1994  Colombia
$1[330] $1.9 145 1998 Adana–Ceyhan earthquake Earthquake 1998  Turkey
$1[331] $1.8 845 – 894 1999 Düzce earthquake Earthquake 1999 Turkey Turkey
$1[235] $1.8 41 1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado Tornado 1999 United States United States
$1[332] $1.4 339 Cyclone Aila Tropical cyclone 2009  Bangladesh,  India
$1[333] $1.3 1 2014 South Napa earthquake Earthquake 2014  United States
$1[334] $1.3 2,500 2015 Indian heat wave Heatwave 2015  India
$1[335] $1.3 22 2015 Illapel earthquake Earthquake 2015  Chile,  Argentina
$1[336] $1.2 14 Cyclone Luban Tropical cyclone 2018 Arabian Sea basin (Yemen, Oman, Somalia)
$1[337] $1.1 6 Typhoon In-fa Tropical cyclone 2021 Southeast Asia (Philippines, China, Japan}, others)
$1[338] $1 11 Hurricane Nicole Tropical cyclone 2022 North America and the Antiles (Dominican Republic, United States, The Bahamas, others)
$1[339] $1 137-507 2024 Chile wildfires Wildfire 2024  Chile
$1[50] $1 29 Hurricane John Tropical cyclone 2024  Mexico

Under $1 billion

[edit]

This table lists notable disasters which are estimated to have an economic cost of less than 1 billion United States dollars without taking inflation into account. This includes historical disasters, such as the Great Chicago Fire, which would surpass the value of $1 billion in modern currency.

Note: All damage figures are listed in millions of United States dollars.

List of disasters by cost
Cost Fatalities Event Type Year Nation
$Million $Million (2023)
$982[340] $1443 14 Cyclone Akash Tropical cyclone 2007 South Asia (Bangladesh, Myanmar, India)
$935[341][342] $1223 3 2013 Washington, Illinois tornado Tornado 2013 United States United States
$930[343] $1108 51 2019 Albania earthquake Earthquake 2019  Albania
$922[344] $1171 14 2016 Great Smoky Mountains wildfires Wildfire 2016 United States United States
$910 (official estimated)[citation needed] $1104 5007 (official confirmed) 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami Earthquake and tsunami 2018 Indonesia Indonesia
$800[345] $3737 28 1978 Miyagi earthquake Earthquake 1978  Japan
$800[346] $1132 204 Cyclone Nisha Tropical cyclone 2008  India,  Sri Lanka
$796[347] $1041 10 Cyclone Helen Tropical cyclone 2013  India
$787[348][349] $978 48 Hurricane Nate Tropical cyclone 2017 North and Central America (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, others)
$773[350] $7693 7,193 Hurricane Flora Tropical cyclone 1963 North and Central America (Haiti, Cuba, Dominican Republic, others)
$716[351] $805 6 2021 South Moravia tornado Tornado 2021  Czech Republic
$700[352] $1566 800 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption Volcano 1991 Philippines Philippines
$700[353] $948 1 2011 Slave Lake wildfire Wildfire 2011 Canada Canada
$681[354] $802 98 2020 Hyderabad floods Flood 2020  India
$600[355] $3707 335 1974 Super Outbreak + Xenia tornado Tornado outbreak 1974 United StatesCanada United States and Canada
$600[356] $1266 230 1993 Okushiri earthquake Earthquake 1993  Japan
$500 – $600[357] $3089 – $3707 71 Cyclone Tracy Tropical cyclone 1974 Australia Australia
$575[358] $698 43 2018 Ponte Morandi collapse Bridge collapse 2018  Italy
$550[359] $5665 6,000 1960 Valdivia earthquake Earthquake 1960 Pacific Rim (Chile, United States, Japan, others)
$530[360] $4158 70,000 1970 Ancash earthquake Earthquake 1970  Peru
$524[361] $17769 3,000 1906 San Francisco earthquake Earthquake 1906  United States
$483[362][363][364] – $543[365] $710 – 798 13 I-35W Mississippi River Bridge collapse Structure failure 2007 United States United States
$500[366] $3762 65 1971 San Fernando earthquake Earthquake 1971  United States
$500[367] $1466 17 1984 Romeoville petroleum refinery disaster Explosion 1984 United States United States
$491.3[224] $899 636 October 1999 Mexico floods Flood 1999 Central America (Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, others)
$484[368] $2032 99 Typhoon Tip Tropical cyclone 1979 East Asia (Japan, Guam, Philippines, others)
$481[369] $481 1,434 Cyclone Freddy Tropical cyclone 2023 South Africa (Malawi, Mozambique, Madagascar, others)
$400[370] $933 19 1990 Carlentini earthquake Earthquake 1990  Italy
$400[33] $471 119 2020 Aegean Sea earthquake Earthquake and tsunami 2020  Greece,  Turkey
$370[371] $719 0 Ariane 5 Flight 501 Space flight accident 1996 France French Guiana
$369[372] $861 1,621 1990 Luzon earthquake Earthquake 1990  Philippines
$350[373] $1760 1 New York City blackout of 1977 Infrastructure failure (electric) 1977 United States United States
$342[374] $415 513 5 August 2018 Lombok earthquake Earthquake 2018  Indonesia
$328[375] $600 0 Mars Climate Orbiter & Mars Polar Lander Space flight accident 1999 United States United States
$319[376] $564 68 Hurricane Keith Tropical cyclone 2000 Central America (Mexico, Belize, Nicaragua, others)
$275[377] $487 800 2000 Mozambique flood Flood 2000  Mozambique
$273[378] $347 0 Hitomi breakup Space flight accident 2016 Japan Japan
$250[379][276] $2847 90 1953 Worcester tornado Tornado 1953 United States United States
$222[380] $5646 300 Great Chicago Fire Fire 1871 United States United States
$118[381] $184 0 CryoSat-1 Space flight accident 2005 Russia Russia
$90.4[382] $94 7 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami Volcanic eruption and tsunami 2022  Tonga
$86,3[383] $2927 75,000-82,000 1908 Messina earthquake Earthquake 1908  Italy
$86.1[384] $676 500,000 1970 Bhola cyclone Tropical cyclone 1970  Bangladesh,  India
$25[385][386] $789 1,490 – 1,635 Sinking of the Titanic Shipwreck 1912 United Kingdom United Kingdom
$18.1[387] $182 0 Mariner 1 Space flight accident 1962 United States United States

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