List of icebreakers
From Wikipedia - Reading time: 17 min
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2008) |
This is a list of icebreakers and other special icebreaking vessels (except cargo ships and tankers) capable of operating independently in ice-covered waters. Ships known to be in service are presented in bold.[1][2]
- ARA General San Martín (1954–1982)
- ARA Almirante Irízar (1978–2007, 2017–)
- ARA Bahía Paraíso (1980–1989; sank in Antarctica)
- A new icebreaking Antarctic logistics vessel is planned to enter service in the late 2020s.[3]
- Aurora Australis (1990–2020; decommissioned)
- Nuyina (2021–)[4]
- Eisvogel (1955–)
- Röthelstein (1995–)
- Kapitan A. Radzhabov (1992–1999; laid up)[5]
- CGS Northern Light (1876–1890; sold)
- CGS Stanley (1888–1935; broken up)
- CGS Minto (1899–1915; sold to Russia)
- CGS Montcalm (1904–1942; sold to Russia)
- CGS Earl Grey (1909–1914; sold to Russia)[6]
- CGS Mikula (1916; 1923–1937; ex-J.D. Hazen, ex-Mikula Seleaninovich; broken up)[6]
- CCGS Saurel (1929–1967; broken up)[6]
- CCGS N.B. McLean (1930–1979; broken up)
- CCGS Ernest Lapointe (1939–1978; museum ship)
- CCGS C.D. Howe (1950–1969; sold to private company)
- CCGS D'Iberville (1952–1983; broken up)
- CCGS Labrador (1954–1987; broken up)
- CCGS Montcalm (1957–1988; broken up)
- CCGS Sir William Alexander (1959–1989; CCGS William since 1987; sold to private company)
- CCGS Sir Humphrey Gilbert (1959–2001; sold to private company)
- CCGS Alexander Henry (1959–1984; museum ship)
- CCGS Camsell (1959–1988; broken up)
- CCGS Wolfe (1959–1988; broken up)
- CCGS Tupper (1959–1997; sold to private company)
- CCGS John A. Macdonald (1960–1991; broken up)
- CCGS John Cabot (1965–1994; sold to private company)
- CCGS Norman McLeod Rogers (1969–1993; sold to Chile)
- CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent (1969–)
- CCGS Griffon (1970–)
- Pierre Radisson class
- CCGS Pierre Radisson (1977–)
- CCGS Amundsen (1979–)
- CCGS Des Groseilliers (1982–)
- CCGS Henry Larsen (1987–)
- Samuel Risley class
- CCGS Samuel Risley (1985–)
- CCGS Earl Grey (1986–)
- Martha L. Black class
- CCGS Martha L. Black (1986–)
- CCGS George R. Pearkes (1986–)
- CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier (1986–)
- CCGS Kopit Hopson 1752 (1986–; ex-Edward Cornwallis)
- CCGS Sir William Alexander (1987–)
- CCGS Ann Harvey (1987–)
- CCGS Terry Fox (1991–)
- Interim icebreakers
- CCGS Captain Molly Kool (2019–; ex-Vidar Viking)[7]
- CCGS Jean Goodwill (2022–; ex-Balder Viking)[7][8]
- CCGS Vincent Massey (2023–; ex-Tor Viking)[7][8]
- CCGS Judy LaMarsh (2023–; ex-Mangystau-2)[9][10]
- New icebreakers and icebreaking vessels planned as part of the National Shipbuilding Strategy
- sixteen multi-purpose vessels[11]
- six medium-sized "program icebreakers"[12]
- two polar icebreakers
- CCGS Arpatuuq (2030– (planned))[13]
- CCGS Imnaryuaq (2032– (planned))[13]
- two modified Harry DeWolf-class offshore patrol vessels[14]
- CCGS Donjek Glacier (2026– (planned); under construction)[15]
- CCGS Sermilik Glacier (2027– (planned); under construction)[15]
- HMCS Labrador (1954–1961; transferred to Coast Guard)
- Harry DeWolf-class offshore patrol vessel
- HMCS Harry DeWolf (2021–)[16]
- HMCS Margaret Brooke (2022–)[17]
- HMCS Max Bernays (2024–)[18]
- HMCS William Hall (2024–)[19]
- HMCS Frédérick Rolette (delivered)
- HMCS Robert Hampton Gray (under construction)
Commercial
[edit]- Canmar Kigoriak (1979–2003; sold to Russia)
- Robert LeMeur (1982–1997; sold to China)
- Terry Fox (1983–1991; leased and later sold to the Canadian Coast Guard)
- Arctic Kalvik (1983–2003; sold to Russia)
- Ikaluk (1983–1998; Canmar Ikaluk since 1995; sold to Russia)
- Miscaroo (1983–1998; Canmar Miscaroo since 1995; sold to Russia)
- Arctic Ivik (1985–1997; sold and later converted to survey vessel Geco Snapper)
- Polar S (2000–2022; ex-Njord, ex-Polar Star; broken up)
- Polar Prince (2000–; ex-CCGS Sir Humphrey Gilbert)
- Arcticaborg (2018–2019; transferred to Russia)
- Xuě Lóng (雪龙, "Snow Dragon") (1993–)
- Xuě Lóng 2 (雪龙2, "Snow Dragon 2") (2019–)[20]
North Sea Branch
[edit]- Type 071 icebreaker
- Haibing 722 (海冰722, "Sea Ice 722") (1971–2013; in reserve)
- Haibing 721 (海冰721, "Sea Ice 721") (1973–2013; transferred to the China Coast Guard)
- Type 210 icebreaker
- Haibing 723 (海冰723, "Sea Ice 723") (1982–2012; transferred to the China Coast Guard)
- Type 272 icebreaker
- Haibing 722 (海冰722, "Sea Ice 722") (2016–)
- Haibing 723 (海冰723, "Sea Ice 723") (2016–)
- Donghai 519 (东海519, "East China Sea 519") (2013–; ex-Haibing 721)
- Haijing 6401 (中国海警6401; "China Coast Guard 6401") (2012–; ex-Haibing 723, ex-Haijing 1411)
- Zhong Shan Da Xue Ji Di (2021–; ex-Beijing Ocean Leader, ex-Ikaluk, ex-Smit Sibu, ex-Canmar Ikaluk)
- Tan Suo San Hao (2025– (planned); under construction)[23]
Other
[edit]- Bin Hai 293 (滨海293, "Coastal 293") (1997–2016; ex-Robert LeMeur; broken up)[24]
- Beijing Ocean Leader (2018–2021; ex-Ikaluk, ex-Smit Sibu, ex-Canmar Ikaluk; sold to Sun Yat-sen University)
- Piloto Pardo (1959–1997; sold to private company)[25]
- Almirante Óscar Viel (1995–2019; ex-Norman McLeod Rogers; decommissioned and later sunk as target)[26][27]
- Almirante Viel (2024–)[28]
- Bryderen (1884–1947; sold to Poland; broken up in 1960)
- Isbjørn (1923–1965)[29]
- Lillebjørn (1926–1968)[29]
- Storebjørn (1931–1974; broken up)[29]
- Elbjørn (1954–1996; used as a restaurant ship until sold for scrap in 2019)[30]
- Danbjørn (1965–2013; sold for scrap in 2023)[31]
- Isbjørn (1966–2013; sold for scrap in 2023)[31]
- Thorbjørn (1980–2015; sold to private company)[32]
- Suur Tõll (1922–1940; museum ship in Tallinn since 1987)
- Tarmo (1993–; purchased from Finland)
- EVA 316 (1995–; ex-Lonna; purchased from Finland and converted for icebreaking)
- Karu (1988–2002; ex-Karhu, ex-Kapitan Chubakov; purchased from Finland and sold to Russia)
- Botnica (2012–; purchased from Finland)
State-owned icebreakers
[edit]Steam-powered
[edit]
- Murtaja (1890–1958; broken up)
- Sampo (1898–1960; broken up)
- Apu (1899–1959; broken up)
- Tarmo (1907–1970; museum ship in Kotka since 1992)
- Wäinämöinen (1918–1922; handed over to Estonia)
- Ilmarinen (1918–1922; handed over to the Soviet Union)
- Voima (1924–1945; handed over to the Soviet Union)
- Jääkarhu (1926–1945; handed over to the Soviet Union)
Diesel-electric
[edit]
- Sisu (1939–1974; transferred to the Finnish Navy)
- Voima (1954–)
- Karhu class
- Tarmo class
- Hanse (1966–1998; sold to Greece; wrecked off Tunisia)
- Urho class
- Otso class
- Multipurpose icebreakers
- Polaris (2016–)
- Zeus of Finland (1995–; ex-Zeus)
- Thetis (2016–2023; ex-Storm Express, ex-Maersk Shipper, ex-Maersk Placentia, ex-Placentia Bay; sold to Russia)[33]
- Sampo (1987–)
- L'Astrolabe (2017–)[34]
- Le Commandant Charcot (2021–)[35]
Other
[edit]- L'Astrolabe (1988–2017; ex-Austral Fish, ex-Fort Resolution; decommissioned and sold to private company)
Historical
[edit]- Elbe (1911–??; museum ship)
- Hindenburg (1916–1918; sunk by mine)
- Stettin (1933–1981; museum ship)
- Wal (1938–1990; museum ship)
- Castor (1941–1945; sunk by mine but later raised by the Soviet Union)
- Eisvogel (1942–1945; handed over to the Soviet Union)
- Eisbär (1942–1946; handed over to the Soviet Union)
- Pollux (1943–1945; sunk by mine)
Alfred-Wegener-Institut
[edit]- Polarstern (1982–)
- New icebreaking polar research vessel is expected to enter service in 2027.[36]
Other
[edit]- Eisvogel class
- Eisvogel (1961–2006; sold)
- Eisbär (1961–1997; sold)
- Max Waldeck (1966–2006; broken up; fitted with Thyssen-Waas bow in 1981)
- Stephan Jantzen (1967–2005; museum ship)[37]
- Neuwerk (1997–)
- Arkona (2004–)
- Laura Bassi (2019–)[38]
- Ōtomari (1921–1945)
- Sōya (PL107) (1938–1978; museum ship)
- Sōya (PHL01) (1978–)
- Teshio (PM 15) (1995–)
The following icebreaking supply ships are operating or have operated in the Kazakh Caspian Sea oil fields:
- Arcticaborg (1998–2018; transferred to Canada)
- Antarcticaborg (1998–2019; sold to Russia)
- Tulpar (2002–)
- Mangystau-class icebreaking tugs
- Mangystau-1 (2010–2023; transferred to Turkmenian flag)
- Mangystau-2 (2010–2020; transferred to Turkmenian flag)
- Mangystau-3 (2011–)
- Mangystau-4 (2011–)
- Mangystau-5 (2011–)
- Kazhymukan (2016–)
- Ledokol-2 (1984–)
- Krišjānis Valdemārs (1925–1941; sunk)
- Varma (1994–)[41]
- Foros (2013–2024; ex-Fobos; sold to private company)[42][43]
- Arctic Sunrise (1995–)
Other
[edit]- NoCGV Svalbard (2001–)
- Kronprins Haakon (2018–)
- Polar Circle (2022–2024; sold to Sweden)[45]
Icebreakers
[edit]The following lists include icebreakers owned and/or operated by either governmental or commercial entities.
- Lenin (1959–1989; museum ship in Murmansk)
- Arktika class
- Taymyr class
- Project 22220
- Project 10510
Diesel-powered icebreakers
[edit]
- Wind class
- Severny Veter (1944–1951; ex-USCGC Staten Island; returned to the United States)
- Severniy Polyus (1945–1951; ex-USS Westwind; returned to the United States)
- Admiral Makarov (1945–1949; ex-USCGC Southwind; returned to the United States)
- Kapitan Belousov class
- Kapitan Belousov (1954–1991; sold to Ukraine)[58]
- Kapitan Voronin (1955–1996; broken up)[59]
- Kapitan Melekhov (1956–1994; broken up)[60]
- Moskva class
- Civilian variants of Dobrynya Nikitich class (Project 97A)
- Vasiliy Pronchishchev (1961–1989; ex-Ledokol-1; broken up)[66]
- Afanasy Nikitin (1962–1992; ex-Ledokol-2; passed over to Ukraine)[67]
- Khariton Laptev (1962–1996; ex-Ledokol-3; broken up)[68]
- Vasiliy Poyarkov (1963–1988; ex-Ledokol-4; broken up)[69]
- Yerofey Khabarov (1963–1993; ex-Ledokol-5; broken up)[70]
- Ivan Kruzenstern (1964–; ex-Ledokol-6)[71]
- Vladimir Rusanov (1964–1988; ex-Ledokol-7; broken up)[72]
- Semyon Chelyuskin (1965–1988; ex-Ledokol-8; broken up)[73]
- Yuriy Lisyanskiy (1965–2021; ex-Ledokol-9; to be broken up)[74]
- Fyodor Litke (1970–2013; broken up)[75]
- Ivan Moskvitin (1971–1997; broken up)[76]
- Semyon Dezhnev (1971–)[77]
- Ermak class
- Ermak (1974–2021; broken up)[78]
- Admiral Makarov (1975–)
- Krasin (1976–)
- Kapitan M. Izmaylov class
- Kapitan M. Izmaylov (1976–)
- Kapitan Kosolapov (1976–)
- Kapitan A. Radzhabov (1976–1992; transferred to Azerbaijan)
- Kapitan Sorokin class
- Kapitan Sorokin (1977–; fitted with Thyssen-Waas bow in 1991)
- Kapitan Nikolaev (1978–; rebuilt in 1990)
- Kapitan Dranitsyn (1980–)
- Kapitan Khlebnikov (1981–)
- Kapitan Chechkin class
- Kapitan Chechkin (1977–)
- Kapitan Plakhin (1977–)
- Kapitan Chadaev (1978–)
- Kapitan Krutov (1978–)
- Kapitan Bukaev (1978–)
- Kapitan Zarubin (1978–)
- Mudyug class
- Kapitan Evdokimov class
- Kapitan Evdokimov (1983–)
- Kapitan Babichev (1983–)
- Kapitan Chudinov (1983–)
- Kapitan Borodkin (1983–)
- Avraamiy Zavenyagin (1984–)
- Kapitan Mecaik (1984–)
- Kapitan Deminov (1984–)
- Kapitan Moshkin (1986–)
- Tor (2000–; purchased from Sweden)[79]
- Karu (2002–2020; ex-Karhu, ex-Kapitan Chubakov; purchased from Estonia; broken up)
- Dudinka (2006–; ex-Apu; purchased from Finland)
- Project 21900
- Moskva (2008–)
- Sankt-Peterburg (2009–)
- Project 21900M
- Vladivostok (2015–)
- Murmansk (2015–)[80]
- Novorossiysk (2016–)[81]
- Ob (2019–)[82]
- Georgiy Sedov (2019–; ex-Antarcticaborg; purchased from Kazakhstan)
- Viktor Chernomyrdin (2020–)[83]
- Project 21900M2
- Project 23620
- Project 22740M
Steam-powered icebreakers
[edit]
- Pilot (1864–1890; broken up?)
- Ledokol 1 (1890–1915; later converted to a gunboat)[90][91][92]
- Ledokol 2 (1895–1923; hander over to Latvia)[90]
- Saratovskiy Ledokol (1895–1968; sunk)[93]
- Nadeshnyy (1897–1924; later converted to a gunboat)[90]
- Yermak (1899–1963; broken up)
- Gaydamak (1898–1930; broken up)[90]
- Ledokol 3 (1899–1923; broken up)[90][94]
- Ledokol IV (1907–1942; sunk by Germans)[90]
- A. Sibiryakov (1909–1942; sunk by Germans)
- Vaygach (1909–1918; sank in 1918)
- Taymyr (1909–1950s?; broken up)
- Silatch (1910–1918, 1922–late 1950s; broken up)
- Malygin (1912–1940; sunk in 1940)
- Volynets (1914–1918, 1940–1985; ex-Tsar' Mikhail Fyodorovich, ex-Wäinämöinen, ex-Suur Tõll; sold to Estonia in 1987)
- Fyodor Litke (1914–1958; ex-CGC Earl Grey; broken up)
- Georgiy Sedov (1915–1967; ex-Beothic (1909–1915); broken up)
- Sadko (1915–1941; ex-Lintrose (1912–1915); sank in 1941)
- Mikula Seleaninovich (1916–1918)[90]
- Ledokol V (1916–1941; sank in 1941)[95]
- Ledokol VI (1916–1961; broken up)[96]
- Ledokol VII (1916–1954; broken up)[97]
- Ledokol VIII (1917–1961; broken up)[98]
- Ledokol IX (1917–1932; sank in White Sea)[99]
- Krasin (1917–1971; extensively rebuilt in 1953–1960, now a museum ship in St. Petersburg)
- Lenin (1917–1968; broken up)
- Stepan Makarov (1917–1941; sunk)
- Toros (1929–1964)[90]
- Sibir (1938–1973; ex-I. Stalin (−1961); broken up)
- Admiral Lazarev (1938–1967; ex-L. Kaganovich (−1951); broken up)
- Admiral Makarov (1941–1967; ex-V. Molotov (−1956); broken up)
- A. Mikoyan (1941–1968; broken up)
- Malygin (1945–1970; ex-Voima; broken up)
- Sibiryakov (1945–1972; ex-Jääkarhu; broken up)
- Alyosha Popovich (1945–1970; ex-Eisvogel; decommissioned and abandoned off Russky Island)
- Ilya Muromets (1946–1979; ex-Eisbär; broken up in 1981)[100]
- Peresvet (1951–1980; ex-Castor; decommissioned and abandoned off Reyneke Island)
Other icebreaking vessels
[edit]Rescue and salvage vessels
[edit]- Stroptivyy class
- Stroptivyy (1979–1992; sold to private company)[101]
- Spravedlivyy (1980–)[102]
- Stakhanovets (1980–2012; laid up)[103]
- Suvorovets (1980–)[104]
- Sibirskiy (1980–)[105]
- Fobos (1983–2014; sold to Latvia)[106]
- Deimos (1983–2002; sold to private company)[107]
- Baltika (2014–)[108]
- Project MPSV06
- Beringov Proliv (2015–)[109]
- Murman (2015–)[109]
- Kerchenskiy Proliv (2024– (current estimate); under construction)[110]
- Project MPSV06M
- Boris Lavrov (2024– (planned); under construction)[113]
Offshore vessels
[edit]The following Russian-owned, -operated and/or -flagged icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessels, platform supply vessels, standby vessels etc. are or have been engaged primarily in offshore oil and gas projects:
- Ikaluk (1998–2018; ex-Ikaluk, ex-Canmar Ikaluk, ex-Smit Sibu; sold to China)
- Smit Sakhalin (1998–2017; ex-Miscaroo, ex-Canmar Miscaroo; broken up)
- Kigoriak (2003–2022; ex-Canmar Kigoriak, ex-Kigoria, ex-Talagy; broken up)[114]
- Vladimir Ignatyuk (2003–2018; ex-Arctic Kalvik; laid up)[115]
- SCF Sakhalin (2005–)
- SCF Enterprise (2006–; ex-Pacific Enterprise)
- SCF Endeavour (2006–; ex-Pacific Endeavour)
- SCF Endurance (2006–; ex-Pacific Endurance)
- Polar Pevek (2006–2022)[116]
- Hermes (2006–; ex-Yury Topchev)
- Antey (2006–; ex-Vladislav Strizhov)
- Toboy (2008–)
- Varandey (2008–)
- Vidar Viking (2012–2016; charter under Russian flag)[117]
- Vitus Bering (2012–)
- Aleksey Chirikov (2013–)
- Aleut (2015–)[118]
- Pomor (2016–)
- Normann (2016–)
- Gennadiy Nevelskoy (2017–)
- Stepan Makarov (2017–)
- Fedor Ushakov (2017–)
- Yevgeny Primakov (2018–)
- Aleksandr Sannikov (2018–)[119]
- Andrey Vilkitskiy (2018–)[120]
- Arcticaborg (2019–)
- Katerina Velikaya (under construction)[121]
- Svyataya Mariya (under construction)[121]
- Aleksandr Nevskiy (under construction)[121]
- Vladimir Monomakh (under construction)[121]
In addition, the following shallow-draught icebreaking offshore vessels operate in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea oil fields:
Patrol and naval vessels
[edit]The following icebreakers and other icebreaking vessels are or have been in service with the Russian Navy, Russian Border Guard, and their predecessors:
- Purga (1957–1990)[126]
- Dobrynya Nikitich class (Project 97) and its variants
- Dobronya Nikitich (1960–1998; broken up)[127]
- Purga (1961–2012; broken up)[128]
- Vyuga (1962–1991; broken up)[129]
- Ilya Muromets (1965–1993; broken up)[130]
- Buran (1966–)[131]
- Sadko (1968–2022; expended as target)[132]
- Peresvet (1970–2011; broken up)[133]
- Ivan Susanin class (Project 97P)
- Ilya Muromets (2017–)[141]
- Project 21180M
- Evpatiy Kolovrat (2024–)[142]
- Svyatogor (2027– (planned); under construction)[143][144]
- Project 23550
- Ivan Papanin (2024– (current estimate); under construction)[145]
- Nikolay Zubov (2024– (planned); under construction)
- Purga (2024– (planned); under construction)[146]
- Dzerzhinsky (under construction)[147]
Research and survey vessels
[edit]- Dobrynya Nikitich class (Project 97) variants
- Pyotr Pakhtusov (1966–1997; ex-Mendeleev, ex-Ledokol-10; broken up)[148]
- Georgiy Sedov (1967–1992; broken up)[149]
- Vladimir Kavrayskiy (1969–2012; used as stationary floating barracks PKZ-86)[150]
- Otto Schmidt (1979–1991; broken up)[151]
- Mikhail Somov (1975–)[152]
- Akademik Fedorov (1987–)[153]
- Akademik Tryoshnikov (2012–)[154]
- Ivan Frolov (2028– (planned); under construction)[155]
- S. A. Agulhas (1977–2012; retired from Antarctic service and used as a training ship)
- S. A. Agulhas II (2012–)
- See Russia
- Sankt Erik (1915–1977; ex-Isbrytaren II (−1959); museum ship since 1977)
- Atle (1926–1967; ex-Statsisbrytaren (−1931); broken up)[157]
- Ymer (1933–1977; broken up)[158]
- Thule (1953–1998; broken up)[159]
- Oden (1957–1988; broken up)[160]
- Tor (1964–2000; sold to Russia)[79]
- Njord (1969–2000; sold and renamed Polar Star)[161]
- Ale (1973–)
- Atle class
- Oden (1988–)
- Idun (2024–; purchased from Norway)[162]
- New icebreaker is expected to be delivered in 2027 and enter service in 2028[163]
Three icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessels were chartered by the Swedish Maritime Administration for escort icebreaking duties in the Baltic Sea until 2015.
- Tor Viking II (2000–2015; as Tor Viking under Norwegian flag until 2003)[164]
- Balder Viking (2000–2015)
- Vidar Viking (2001–2012; contract ended prematurely)[117]
- Mangystau-2 (2020–2021; sold to Canada)
- Mangystau-1 (2023–)
- Afanasy Nikitin (1962–1995; broken up)[67]
- Kapitan Belousov (1991–; damaged and later captured by Russians in 2022)[58]
- Noosfera (2021–; ex-James Clark Ross; purchased from United Kingdom)[165]
- HMS Endurance (1990–2008; broken up)[166]
- RRS James Clark Ross (1991–2021; sold to Ukraine)[167]
- RRS Ernest Shackleton (1995–2019; sold to Italy)[168]
- HMS Protector (2011–)[169]
- RRS Sir David Attenborough (2020–)[170]
_north_of_Alaska.jpg)
- USCGC Mackinaw (WAGB-83) (1944–2006; museum ship)
- Wind class
- USCGC Staten Island (WAGB-278) (1944–1974; ex-Severny Veter, ex-Northwind; broken up)
- USCGC Eastwind (WAGB-279) (1944–1968; broken up in 1976–1977)
- USCGC Southwind (WAGB-280) (1944–1974; ex-Admiral Makarov, ex-Atka; broken up in 1976)
- USCGC Westwind (WAGB-281) (1944–1988; ex-Severniy Polyus; broken up)
- USCGC Northwind (WAGB-282) (1945–1989; broken up in 1999)
- USCGC Burton Island (WAGB-283) (1946–1978; broken up in 1982)
- USCGC Edisto (WAGB-284) (1947–1974; broken up in 1980)
- USCGC Glacier (WAGB-4) (1955–1987; broken up in 2012)
- Polar class
- USCGC Polar Star (WAGB-10) (1977–2006, 2013–)
- USCGC Polar Sea (WAGB-11) (1978–2010; inactive)
- USCGC Healy (WAGB-20) (2000–)
- USCGC Mackinaw (WLBB-30) (2006–)
- Polar Security Cutters
- Nathaniel B. Palmer (1992–)[173]
- Laurence M. Gould (1997–)[174]
- Sikuliaq (2014–)
- Aiviq (2012–)
References
[edit]- ^ Ilmari Aro (17 November 2008). "THE WORLD ICEBREAKER AND ICEBREAKING SUPPLY VESSEL FLEET" (PDF). Baltic Icebreaking Management. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
- ^ Major icebreakers of the world. USCG Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy. Retrieved 2012-11-25.
- ^ "Naval shipyard Tandanor to build new icebreaker for Argentina". Navy Recognition. 30 December 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ "Flying the flag over Australia's new icebreaker". Australian Antarctic Division. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ^ "Kapitan A. Radzhabov (7406332)". Sea-web. S&P Global. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
- ^ a b c Ships of the CCG 1850–1967 Archived 2009-12-17 at the Wayback Machine. Canadian Coast Guard. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
- ^ a b c "Canada Acts on Icebreaker Shortage". The Maritime Executive. 6 July 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- ^ a b "SHIPPING NEWS: Halifax's ice-free status nearly on the rocks". The Chronicle Herald. 19 March 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
- ^ "Canadian Coast Guard announces an addition to the southern icebreaking fleet with the purchase of light icebreaker from Atlantic Towing Limited". Government of Canada. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- ^ "Canadian Coast Guard names light icebreaker - the CCGS Judy LaMarsh". Canadian Coast Guard. 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
- ^ "Multi-Purpose Vessels". Seaspan Shipyards. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ "Six New Icebreakers to be Built for Canadian Coast Guard". Naval News. 11 August 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ a b "Working with the North, for the North". Government of Canada. Canadian Coast Guard. 19 August 2024. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
- ^ "Irving to receive $58 million for 'minimal' changes to new Coast Guard ships". Ottawa Citizen. 7 February 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ a b "Canadian Coast Guard celebrates new Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ships shipbuilding milestones". Government of Canada. Canadian Coast Guard. 31 July 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
- ^ Melanson, Ryan (25 June 2021). "HMCS Harry DeWolf: RCN to commission first new ship in over two decades". Government of Canada. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ "Irving Shipbuilding delivers second Arctic patrol warship to Royal Canadian Navy". CTV News. 15 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ Defence, National (2024-05-03). "HMCS Max Bernays Commissioned today in Vancouver, B.C." www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2024-05-04.
- ^ "HMCS William Hall Commissioned into Service in Halifax, N.S." Government of Canada. 16 May 2024. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ "Chinese icebreaker sails to North Pole, explores remote Arctic ridge". Arctic Today. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
- ^ "GUANGZHOU 21110077 (9970351)". Sea-web. S&P Global. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
- ^ "中國完全自主研製破冰科考船「極地號」料明年下半年執行任務" (in Chinese). 29 December 2023. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
- ^ "Cutting-edge deep-sea vessel begins construction in Guangzhou". China Daily. 26 June 2023. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ Shipbreaking Bulletin of information and analysis on ship demolition #46, from October 1 to December 31, 2016. Robin Des Bois, 31 January 2017. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
- ^ Chilean submarine Simpson calls at Palmer Station. Palmer Station. Retrieved 2017-07-16.
- ^ "Rompehielos "Óscar Viel" se despide tras navegar lo equivalente a casi 20 vueltas al mundo". Armada de Chile. 11 February 2019. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
- ^ @seawaves_mag (September 21, 2021). "USS Mustin joined Chilean warships Almirante Cochrane, Capitan Prat, Almirante Reveros and Almirante Montt in a SINKEX of icebreaker Admiral Óscar Viel (ex-CCGS Norman McLeod Rogers) during Teamwork South 13-18 Sep. @CoastGuardCAN" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Es chileno: Así es el primer buque rompehielos construido en Sudamérica". GobiernodeChile. 3 July 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
- ^ a b c Mens vi venter på isen. Maskinmesteren Februar 2009, page 36. Retrieved 2015-10-12.
- ^ "Tidligere Elbjørn-ejer: Vi ødelægger vores maritime kulturarv" (in Danish). TV2 Nord. 6 May 2019. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
- ^ a b "Isbrydere blev kaldt 'øjebæ': Nu er køberen afsløret" (in Danish). TV2 Nord. 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
- ^ Statslig isbryder solgt – bliver i Danmark. Nordjylland, 8 September 2015. Retrieved 2016-07-02.
- ^ "Turkulaisvarustamon Kiinaan myymä alus matkaa Istanbuliin: "Kaupassa ei ole venäläisiä osapuolia"" (in Finnish). Turun Sanomat. 15 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
- ^ La construction de l'Astrolabe a débuté. Mer et Marine, 6 January 2016. Retrieved 2016-02-07.
- ^ "Le Commandant Charcot delivered". Vard Group AS. 3 August 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "New Polarstern". Alfred-Wegener-Institut. 24 July 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
- ^ "DES Stephan Jantzen". Technische Flotte Rostock. Retrieved 2018-12-08.
- ^ "OGS, una nuova nave per la ricerca. Verso i ghiacci con la "Ernest Shackleton"". Triesteall News (in Italian). 11 May 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
- ^ "Stay up-to-date with the Arctic Research Vessel". JAMSTEC. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
- ^ "Japan's First Arctic Research Vessel to Be Named "Mirai II"". Nippon.com. 22 February 2024. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ^ Icebreakers: Varma. Freeport of Riga. Retrieved 2017-06-02.
- ^ "Чем колоть лед будем? Рижский порт продал эстонцам латвийский ледокол «Форос»". BB.lv (in Russian). 23 April 2024. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
- ^ "Rīgas brīvostai beidzot izdevies pārdot ledlauzi "Foros" – igauņiem par miljonu eiro". TV3.lv (in Latvian). 22 April 2024. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
- ^ "Sanctions stop Niestern Sander from delivering new ice-breaking W2W vessel". SWZ Maritime. 3 March 2022. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
- ^ "Sjöfartsverket köper norsk isbrytare". Sjöfartsverket (in Swedish). 25 March 2024. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
- ^ a b c Russia prepares to dismantle first nuclear icebreaker ever. Bellona, 14 November 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
- ^ Russian nuclear icebreaker Rossiya taking last voyage along Norway’s coast. Bellona, 11 April 2013. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
- ^ Northern Sea Route. Rosatom. Retrieved 2016-12-20.
- ^ "Росатомфлот" начал процесс утилизации атомных ледоколов. Life, 19 December 2016. Retrieved 2016-12-20.
- ^ "На ледоколе "Арктика" поднят российский флаг" (in Russian). Sudostroenie.info. 21 October 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
- ^ "Baltiysky Zavod shipyard delivers Sibir, first serial icebreaker of Project 22220, to Atomflot". PortNews. 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
- ^ "На ледоколе "Урал" прошла церемония поднятия флага" (in Russian). Sudostroenie.info. 22 November 2022. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
- ^ "Baltiysky Zavod lays down forth 60-MW icebreaker of Project 22220". PortNews. 26 May 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
- ^ "Балтзавод заложил атомоход проекта 22220 "Чукотка"" (in Russian). PortNews. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
- ^ "Пятый серийный атомный ледокол проекта 22220 получит название «Ленинград»". Media Paluba (in Russian). 19 January 2024. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
- ^ "Новые атомные ледоколы проекта 22220 получили имена" (in Russian). Sudostroenie.info. 30 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
- ^ "Срок выпуска атомного ледокола «Россия» сдвинули на 2030 год" [The release date of the nuclear-powered icebreaker Rossiya has been pushed back to 2030]. Kommersant (in Russian). 20 May 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ a b "Kapitan Belousov (5181598)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Kapitan Voronin (5181689)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Kapitan Meheklov (5181639)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Moskva (5242495)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Leningrad (5206104)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Kiev (6424040)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Murmansk (6723678)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Vladivostok (6822786)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Василий Прончищев". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ a b "Афанасий Никитин". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Харитон Лаптев". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Пояр". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Ерофей Хабаров". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Ivan Kruzenstern (640380)". Register of ships. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. Retrieved 2015-10-11.
- ^ "Vlad". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Семён Челюскин". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Росморпорт готов заплатить до 26 млн рублей за утилизацию ледокола "Юрий Лисянский"" (in Russian). PortNews. 24 January 2023. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ "Fyodor Litke (7020085)". Equasis. Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. Retrieved 2012-11-25.
- ^ "Иван Москвитин". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Semyon Dezhnev (7119446)". Equasis. Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. Retrieved 2012-11-25.
- ^ "Ермак". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 12 January 2024.
- ^ a b "Tor (5418197)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ Vyborg Shipyard starts building hull of 21900M icebreaker "Novorossiysk" for Rosmorport (photo). PortNews, 8 May 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-11.
- ^ FSUE Rosmorport takes delivery of Novorossiysk, icebreaker built by Vyborg Shipyard (photo). PortNews, 26 December 2016. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
- ^ "The icebreaker "Ob" built for work in Sabetta will be delivered to the customer". Sever-Press. 18 October 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "Acceptance/delivery certificate signed for Victor Chernomyrdin icebreaker". PortNews. 30 September 2020. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
- ^ "Sietas (Германия) заложила ледокол мощностью 18 МВт для ФГУП "Росморпорт"". PortNews. 29 October 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ^ "IAA PortNews' interview with Aleksandr Solovyov, General Director of Vyborg Shipyard". PortNews. 7 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ^ a b "Onego Shipyard to build Project 23620 LNG-fueled icebreaker duo for Rosmorport". PortNews. 20 July 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
- ^ "Reconstruction plan of the Onega Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Plant". VPK. 19 July 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
- ^ "Судостроители Петрозаводска заложили первый в истории Карелии ледокол" (in Russian). Интернет-газета «СТОЛИЦА на Onego.ru». 12 May 2023. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
- ^ "Заложен второй мелкосидящий ледокол проекта 22740М" (in Russian). Sudostroenie.info. 15 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Andrienko, Vladimir Grigorievich (2017), Ледокольный флот России 1860–е – 1918 гг., Litres, ISBN 978-545-76850-6-2
- ^ Портовые и многоцелевые ледоколы. Retrieved 2018-12-25.
- ^ Holmen VIII. Tugboatlars.se. Retrieved 2018-12-26.
- ^ Ледокол "Саратов" планируют поднять со дна Волги в декабре. Retrieved 2015-10-09.
- ^ Ledokol 3 1899. Tyne Built Ships. Retrieved 2015-10-11.
- ^ "Ledokol V (18155)". Scottish Built Ships database. Caledonian Maritime Research Trust. Retrieved 2018-12-26.
- ^ "Ledokol VI (23869)". Scottish Built Ships database. Caledonian Maritime Research Trust. Retrieved 2018-12-26.
- ^ Ledokol VII 1916. Tyne Built Ships. Retrieved 2015-10-11.
- ^ "Ledokol VIII (23878)". Scottish Built Ships database. Caledonian Maritime Research Trust. Retrieved 2018-12-26.
- ^ Ledokol IX 1917. Tyne Built Ships. Retrieved 2015-10-11.
- ^ Илья Муромец (Eisbar). FESCO. Retrieved 2018-12-24.
- ^ "Ym Shanghai". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 9 August 2024.
- ^ "Справедливый". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 7 August 2024.
- ^ "Стахановец". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 7 August 2024.
- ^ "Суворовец". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 7 August 2024.
- ^ "Сибирский". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 7 August 2024.
- ^ "Foros". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 7 August 2024.
- ^ "Lira". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 7 August 2024.
- ^ "Baltika (993025)". Register of ships. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
- ^ a b Nordic Yards schedules launch of two MPSVs for Rosmorrechflot’s rescue service for September 2114 (photo). PortNews, 3 September 2014. Retrieved 2014-09-23.
- ^ "Амурский судозавод с опережением графика строит буксир-ледокол" (in Russian). Хабаровский край сегодня. 13 February 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ "На ПСЗ "Янтарь" заложили спасательное судно "Певек" проекта MPSV06М" (in Russian). Paluba.media. 25 March 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
- ^ "ПСЗ "Янтарь" заложил киль МФАСС проекта MPSV06M "Анадырь" мощностью 7 МВт" (in Russian). PortNews. 24 May 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
- ^ "На турецкой верфи состоялась закладка МФАСС проекта IBSV02 для Морспасслужбы" (in Russian). Paluba.media. 2 March 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Kigoriak (7824261)". Equasis. Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. Retrieved 2015-10-12.
- ^ "Vladimir Ignatyuk (8127804)". Equasis. Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. Retrieved 2015-10-12.
- ^ "GC Rieber scraps charter early to get Polar Pevek out of Russia". TradeWinds News. 29 June 2022. Retrieved 31 August 2022.
- ^ a b Russia: Sakhalin Energy Hires Vidar Viking AHTS Archived 2018-07-21 at the Wayback Machine. Offshore Energy Today, 26 December 2011. Retrieved 2018-07-21.
- ^ Havyard: Icebreaker Aleut on its way to Norway. Offshore Energy Today, 27 May 2015. Retrieved 2015-05-27.
- ^ Russian flag raised on the Aleksandr Sannikov icebreaker. PortNews, 29 June 2018. Retrieved 2018-07-01.
- ^ Выборгский судзавод передал заказчику ледокольное судно обеспечения проекта IBSV01 «Андрей Вилькицкий». PortNews, 18 December 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-20.
- ^ a b c d На заводе «Звезда» заложили 4 судна снабжения. Sdelanounas.ru, 8 September 2017. Retrieved 2017-10-28.
- ^ a b "Ark Shipping takes delivery of shallow draft AHTS for Caspian operations". OSD IMT. 4 October 2017. Archived from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
- ^ "NB016 steel cutting ceremony". Atlas Shipyard. 21 February 2020. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
- ^ "Polar (9909003)". Equasis. Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
- ^ "Polus (9909015)". Equasis. Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
- ^ "Пурга". FleetPhoto (in Russian). Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Добрыня Никитич". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Пурга". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Вьюга". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Илья Муромец". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Буран". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Садко". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Пересвет". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Иван Сусанин". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Айсберг". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Руслан". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Анадырь". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Дунай". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Нева". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Волга". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ Admiralteiskie Verfi shipyard delivers icebreaker Ilya Muromets, Project 21180, to RF Navy (photo). PortNews, 30 November 2017. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
- ^ ""Евпатий Коловрат" отправится в Арктику" (in Russian). Shnyagi.Net. 8 November 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
- ^ "Russian Navy builds more icebreakers". The Barents Observer. 7 January 2022. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
- ^ "Владимир Омельницкий участвовал в закладке ледокола на судостроительной верфи «Алмаз»" (in Russian). АНО "Санкт-Петербургский центр информационной поддержки". 1 September 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
- ^ Russian Project 23550 Arctic patrol ship laid down. Jane's 360, 25 April 2017. Retrieved 2017-06-17.
- ^ "Как Выборгский завод начал строительство пограничного корабля "Пурга"" (in Russian). Sudostroenie.info. 25 July 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
- ^ "На Выборгском СЗ заложен пограничный сторожевой корабль ледового класса «Дзержинский» проекта 23550". Media Paluba (in Russian). 24 December 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
- ^ "Prabhavi". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Георгий Седов". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "ПКЗ-86". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Отто Шмидт". FleetPhoto. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Mikhail Somov (743089)". Register of ships. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ^ "Akademik Fedorov (860742)". Register of ships. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ^ "Akademik Tryoshnikov (090098)". Register of ships. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ^ "Состоялась закладка научно-экспедиционного судна "Иван Фролов"". Sudostroenie.info (in Russian). 29 October 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
- ^ "2027년 '아라온호'보다 강한 쇄빙연구선 극지 누빈다". 14 January 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ "Atle (5503000)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Ymer (5395802)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Thule (5360560)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Oden (5260916)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Njord (6905745)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
- ^ "Så ska den nya isbrytaren heta". Sjöfartsverket (in Swedish). 2 April 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ "Två nya isbrytare blir en: "De stora dragen i designen ligger kvar"". NyTeknik (in Swedish). 13 August 2024. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
- ^ "Tor Viking (9199622)". Equasis. Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. Retrieved 2018-07-21.
- ^ "Украина переименовала купленный у Британии ледокол: как он теперь называется" (in Ukrainian). RBC. 29 October 2021. Retrieved 30 October 2021.
- ^ "HMS Endurance: Former ice patrol ship to be scrapped". BBC News. 7 October 2013. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
- ^ "After 30 years of service with British Antarctic Survey the RRS James Clark Ross has been sold to the Ukrainian National Antarctic Scientific Centre". British Antarctic Survey. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
- ^ "BAS to Redeliver Ernest Shackleton Vessel to GC Rieber". Subsea World News. 25 March 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ HMS Protector (A173), Royal Navy, retrieved 22 October 2020
- ^ "British Antarctic Survey takes delivery of RRS Sir David Attenborough". British Antarctic Survey. 2 December 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ a b "U.S. Government Shipbuilding (2020)". Retrieved 1 October 2022.
- ^ a b "ICYMI: Senate Passes 2023 Defense Bill with King-Backed Provisions to Invest in Maine Shipbuilding, Strengthen National Security and Support Jobs". Senator Angus King (I-ME). 16 December 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ "R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer". National Science Foundation. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
- ^ "R/V Laurence M. Gould". National Science Foundation. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 | Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_icebreakers4 views | ↧ Download as ZWI file
EncycloReader
is supported by the 
KSF