List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame

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The Hockey Hall of Fame.

The Hockey Hall of Fame is a hall of fame and museum dedicated to the history of ice hockey. It was established in 1943 and is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Originally, there were two categories for induction, players and builders, and in 1961, a third category for on-ice officials was introduced. In 2010, a subcategory was established for female players.[1] In 1988, a "veteran player category" was established in order to "provide a vehicle for players who may have been overlooked and whose chances for election would be limited when placed on the same ballot with contemporary players".[2] Eleven players were inducted into the category, but in 2000 the board of directors eliminated it and those inductees are now considered to be in the player category.[2]

For a person to be inducted to the Hockey Hall of Fame, he or she must be nominated by an elected 18-person selection committee which includes Hockey Hall of Fame members and media personalities. Each committee member is allowed to nominate one person in each category per year, and candidates must receive the support of 75% of the members of the committee that are present, or a minimum of ten votes. In any given year, there can be a maximum of four male players, two female players, and a combined two in the builders and on-ice officials categories. For a player, referee, or linesman to be nominated, the person must have been retired for a minimum three years. Builders may be "active or inactive".[3] The induction ceremony is held at the current Hall of Fame building[2] and was first broadcast by The Sports Network in 1994.[4]

The Hockey Hall of Fame also displays "Media honourees", who have been awarded the "Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award", which is awarded by the Professional Hockey Writers' Association to "distinguished members of the newspaper profession whose words have brought honour to journalism and to hockey",[5] or the "Foster Hewitt Memorial Award", which is awarded by the NHL Broadcasters' Association to "members of the radio and television industry who made outstanding contributions to their profession and the game during their career in hockey broadcasting".[6] However, the media honourees are not considered full inductees, and are not included in this list. The winners are announced and honoured at different times than the other honourees.[7] Foster Hewitt is the only media honouree inducted in his own right into the Hall, as a builder.[8]

As of 2024, there are 306 players (including twelve women), 117 builders and 16 on-ice officials in the Hockey Hall of Fame. 17 honourees have been inducted posthumously.[2]

Members

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Players

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The player category has been in existence since the beginning of the Hall of Fame and the first nine players were inducted in 1945. For a person to be inducted to the Hockey Hall of Fame as a player, they must have been retired for a minimum of three years and must be nominated by an elected 18-person selection committee.[3] The waiting period was waived for ten players deemed exceptionally notable: Dit Clapper (1947), Maurice Richard (1961), Ted Lindsay (1966), Red Kelly (1969), Terry Sawchuk (1971), Jean Beliveau (1972), Gordie Howe (1972), Bobby Orr (1979), Mario Lemieux (1997), and Wayne Gretzky (1999).[9] Following Wayne Gretzky's retirement, it was announced that the waiting period would no longer be waived for any player except under "certain humanitarian circumstances".[2]

As of 2012, a maximum of four players can be inducted in one year but the greatest number of players inducted in a year was 23, in 1963.[10] They were inducted because the Hall of Fame was trying to induct many pre-NHL era players.[11] Sometimes noted as 1962 inductees, the pre-NHL era players were named at the 1962 Hall of Fame luncheon at the Canadian National Exhibition (CNE), but were inducted one year later, in 1963 at the CNE.[12][13][14] 232 of the player inductees are Canadian-born, while 16 European-born players have been inducted.[2] The NHL team with the most player inductees is the Toronto Maple Leafs (previously the Toronto St. Patricks and Toronto Arenas), with 60. Seventy-seven defencemen are in the Hall of Fame, more than any other current position, while only 36 goaltenders have been inducted.[2]

In 1988, a "veteran player category" was established in order to "provide a vehicle for players who may have been overlooked and whose chances for election would be limited when placed on the same ballot with contemporary players".[2] Eleven players were inducted into the category, but in 2000, the board of directors eliminated it, and now those inductees are considered to be in the player category.[2]

Positions key
C Centre
LW Left wing
D Defence
RW Right wing
G Goaltender
R Rover
F Forward
Georges Vezina, inducted in 1945.
Cyclone Taylor, inducted in 1947.
Newsy Lalonde, inducted in 1950.
Nels Stewart, inducted in 1952.
Maurice Richard, inducted in 1961.
Syl Apps, inducted in 1961.
Didier Pitre, inducted in 1963.
Tim Horton, inducted in 1977.
Bobby Clarke, inducted in 1987.
Darryl Sittler, inducted in 1989.
Marcel Dionne, inducted in 1992.
Larry Robinson, inducted in 1995.
Borje Salming, inducted in 1996.
Mario Lemieux, inducted in 1997.
Bryan Trottier, inducted in 1997.
Michel Goulet, inducted in 1998.
Wayne Gretzky, inducted in 1999.
Paul Coffey, inducted in 2004.
Patrick Roy, inducted in 2006.
Mark Messier, inducted in 2007.
Glenn Anderson, inducted in 2008.
Igor Larionov, inducted in 2008.
Brian Leetch, inducted in 2009.
Year Name Position Nationality
1945[15] Hobey Baker F United States
Charlie Gardiner G Canada/Great Britain
Eddie Gerard D–LW Canada
Frank McGee C–R Canada
Howie Morenz C Canada
Tommy Phillips LW–RW Canada
Harvey Pulford D Canada
Hod Stuart D Canada
Georges Vezina G Canada
1947[16][17][18][19][20][21] Russell Bowie C–R Canada
Dit Clapper [ * ] D–RW Canada
Aurele Joliat LW Canada
Frank Nighbor C Canada
Lester Patrick D–G–R Canada
Eddie Shore D Canada
Cyclone Taylor C–D–R Canada
Dan Bain C Canada
Art Ross D Canada
1950[22] Allan Davidson RW Canada
Graham Drinkwater D Canada
Mike Grant D Canada
Silas Griffis D–R Canada/United States
Newsy Lalonde C Canada
Joe Malone C Canada
George Richardson D Canada
Harry Trihey C–R Canada
1952[23] Dickie Boon D Canada
Bill Cook RW Canada
Moose Goheen D–LW United States
Moose Johnson D Canada
Mickey MacKay C–R Canada
Nels Stewart C Canada
1958[24] Frank Boucher C Canada
King Clancy D Canada
Sprague Cleghorn D Canada
Alec Connell G Canada
Red Dutton D Canada
Frank Foyston C Canada
Frank Fredrickson C Canada
Herb Gardiner D Canada
George Hay LW Canada
Dick Irvin C Canada
Ching Johnson D Canada
Duke Keats C Canada
Hughie Lehman G Canada
George McNamara D Canada
Paddy Moran G Canada
1959 Jack Adams C Canada
Cy Denneny LW Canada
Tiny Thompson G Canada
1960 Buck Boucher D Canada
Sylvio Mantha D Canada
Jack Walker C–LW–R Canada
1961 Syl Apps C Canada
Charlie Conacher RW Canada
Hap Day D Canada
George Hainsworth G Canada
Joe Hall D–RW Canada/Great Britain
Percy LeSueur G–RW Canada
Frank Rankin R Canada
Maurice Richard [ * ] RW Canada
Milt Schmidt C Canada
Oliver Seibert C Canada
Bruce Stuart R Canada
1962[12][13] Punch Broadbent RW Canada
Harry Hyland RW Canada
Steamer Maxwell R Canada
Reg Noble C–D–LW Canada
Sweeney Schriner LW Canada
Alf Smith RW Canada
1963[10][14] Harry Cameron D Canada
Rusty Crawford C–LW Canada
Jack Darragh RW Canada
Jimmy Gardner LW Canada
Billy Gilmour RW Canada
Ebbie Goodfellow C–D Canada
Shorty Green F Canada
Riley Hern G Canada
Tom Hooper F Canada
Bouse Hutton G Canada
Jack Laviolette D–LW Canada
Billy McGimsie C Canada
Didier Pitre D–R–RW Canada
Joe Primeau C Canada
Jack Ruttan D Canada
Earl Seibert D Canada
Bullet Joe Simpson D Canada
Barney Stanley D–RW Canada
Marty Walsh C Canada
Harry E. Watson C Canada
Rat Westwick G–R Canada
Frederick Whitcroft R Canada
Phat Wilson D Canada
1964 Doug Bentley LW Canada
Bill Durnan G Canada
Babe Siebert D–LW Canada
Black Jack Stewart D Canada
1965 Marty Barry C Canada
Clint Benedict G Canada
Arthur Farrell F Canada
Red Horner D Canada
Syd Howe D–LW Canada
Jack Marshall C–D Canada
Bill Mosienko RW Canada
Blair Russel C–RW Canada
Ernie Russell C–R Canada
Fred Scanlan F Canada
1966 Max Bentley C Canada
Toe Blake LW Canada
Emile Bouchard D Canada
Frank Brimsek G United States
Ted Kennedy C Canada
Elmer Lach C Canada
Ted Lindsay [ * ] LW Canada
Babe Pratt D Canada
Ken Reardon D Canada
1967 Turk Broda G Canada
Neil Colville C–D Canada
Harry Oliver RW Canada
1968 Bill Cowley C Canada
1969 Sid Abel C–LW Canada
Bryan Hextall RW Canada
Red Kelly [ * ] C–D Canada
Roy Worters G Canada
1970 Babe Dye RW Canada
Bill Gadsby D Canada
Tom Johnson D Canada
1971 Busher Jackson LW Canada
Gordon Roberts LW Canada
Terry Sawchuk [ * ] G Canada
Cooney Weiland C Canada
1972 Jean Beliveau [ * ] C Canada
Bernie Geoffrion RW Canada
Hap Holmes G Canada
Gordie Howe [ * ] RW Canada
Hooley Smith C–D–RW Canada
1973 Doug Harvey D Canada
Chuck Rayner G Canada
Tommy Smith C–R–LW Canada
1974 Billy Burch C–D Canada/United States
Art Coulter D Canada
Tommy Dunderdale C Canada/Australia
Dickie Moore LW Canada
1975 George Armstrong RW Canada
Ace Bailey LW Canada
Gordie Drillon RW Canada
Glenn Hall G Canada
Pierre Pilote D Canada
1976 Johnny Bower G Canada
Bill Quackenbush D Canada
1977 Alex Delvecchio C–LW Canada
Tim Horton D Canada
1978 Andy Bathgate RW Canada
Jacques Plante G Canada
Marcel Pronovost D Canada
1979 Harry Howell D Canada
Bobby Orr [ * ] D Canada
Henri Richard C Canada
1980 Harry Lumley G Canada
Lynn Patrick C–LW Canada
Gump Worsley G Canada
1981 Johnny Bucyk LW Canada
Frank Mahovlich LW Canada
Allan Stanley D Canada
1982 Yvan Cournoyer RW Canada
Rod Gilbert RW Canada
Norm Ullman C Canada
1983 Ken Dryden G Canada
Bobby Hull LW Canada
Stan Mikita C Canada/Slovakia
1984 Phil Esposito C Canada
Jacques Lemaire C Canada
Bernie Parent G Canada
1985 Gerry Cheevers G Canada
Bert Olmstead LW Canada
Jean Ratelle C Canada
1986 Leo Boivin D Canada
Dave Keon C Canada
Serge Savard D Canada
1987 Bobby Clarke C Canada
Eddie Giacomin G Canada
Jacques Laperriere D Canada
1988 Tony Esposito G Canada
Guy Lafleur RW Canada
Buddy O'Connor[A] C Canada
Brad Park D Canada
1989 Herbie Lewis[A] LW Canada
Darryl Sittler C Canada
Vladislav Tretiak G Russia/USSR
1990 Bill Barber LW Canada
Fernie Flaman[A] D Canada
Gilbert Perreault C Canada
1991 Mike Bossy RW Canada
Denis Potvin D Canada
Bob Pulford C–LW Canada
Clint Smith[A] C Canada
1992 Marcel Dionne C Canada
Woody Dumart[A] LW Canada
Bob Gainey LW Canada
Lanny McDonald RW Canada
1993 Guy Lapointe D Canada
Edgar Laprade[A] C Canada
Steve Shutt LW Canada
Billy Smith G Canada
1994 Lionel Conacher[A] D Canada
Harry P. Watson[A] LW Canada
1995 Bun Cook[A] LW Canada
Larry Robinson D Canada
1996 Bobby Bauer[A] RW Canada
Borje Salming D Sweden
1997 Mario Lemieux [ * ] C Canada
Bryan Trottier C Canada
1998 Roy Conacher[A] LW Canada
Michel Goulet LW Canada
Peter Stastny C Slovakia/Czechoslovakia
1999 Wayne Gretzky [ * ] C Canada
2000 Joe Mullen RW United States
Denis Savard C Canada
2001 Viacheslav Fetisov D Russia/USSR
Mike Gartner RW Canada
Dale Hawerchuk C Canada
Jari Kurri RW Finland
2002 Bernie Federko C Canada
Clark Gillies LW Canada
Rod Langway D United States
2003 Grant Fuhr G Canada
Pat LaFontaine C United States
2004 Ray Bourque D Canada
Paul Coffey D Canada
Larry Murphy D Canada
2005 Valeri Kharlamov LW USSR
Cam Neely RW Canada
2006 Dick Duff LW Canada
Patrick Roy G Canada
2007 Ron Francis C Canada
Al MacInnis D Canada
Mark Messier C Canada
Scott Stevens D Canada
2008 Glenn Anderson RW Canada
Igor Larionov C Russia/USSR
2009 Brett Hull RW United States/Canada
Brian Leetch D United States
Luc Robitaille LW Canada
Steve Yzerman C Canada
2010 Dino Ciccarelli RW Canada
Angela James C Canada
Cammi Granato C United States
2011 Ed Belfour G Canada
Doug Gilmour C Canada
Mark Howe D United States
Joe Nieuwendyk C Canada
2012 Pavel Bure RW Russia/USSR
Adam Oates C Canada
Joe Sakic C Canada
Mats Sundin C Sweden
2013 Chris Chelios D United States
Geraldine Heaney D Canada
Scott Niedermayer D Canada
Brendan Shanahan LW Canada
2014 Rob Blake D Canada
Peter Forsberg C Sweden
Dominik Hasek G Czech Republic/Czechoslovakia
Mike Modano C United States
2015 Sergei Fedorov C Russia/USSR
Phil Housley D United States
Nicklas Lidstrom D Sweden
Chris Pronger D Canada
Angela Ruggiero D United States
2016 Eric Lindros C Canada
Sergei Makarov RW Russia/USSR
Rogie Vachon G Canada
2017 Dave Andreychuk LW Canada
Danielle Goyette F Canada
Paul Kariya LW Canada
Mark Recchi RW Canada
Teemu Selanne RW Finland
2018 Martin Brodeur G Canada
Jayna Hefford RW Canada
Martin St. Louis RW Canada
Alexander Yakushev LW USSR
2019 Guy Carbonneau C Canada
Vaclav Nedomansky C Czech Republic/Czechoslovakia
Hayley Wickenheiser C Canada
Sergei Zubov D Russia
2020 Marian Hossa RW Slovakia
Jarome Iginla RW Canada
Kevin Lowe D Canada
Kim St-Pierre G Canada
Doug Wilson D Canada
2022 Daniel Alfredsson RW Sweden
Roberto Luongo G Canada
Riikka Sallinen C Finland
Daniel Sedin LW Sweden
Henrik Sedin C Sweden
2023 Tom Barrasso G United States
Henrik Lundqvist G Sweden
Caroline Ouellette F Canada
Pierre Turgeon C Canada
Mike Vernon G Canada
2024 Natalie Darwitz F United States
Pavel Datsyuk C Russia
Jeremy Roenick C United States
Shea Weber D Canada
Krissy Wendell-Pohl F United States

^ * Indicates that the three-year waiting period was waived for a player who was deemed to be especially notable.
^ A. Player was inducted into the Veteran Player category. In 2000, it was merged with the Player category.

Source: 1945–2003: Honoured Members: Hockey Hall of Fame[25] and newspapers.

Builders

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Lord Stanley, inducted in 1945.
H. Montagu Allan, inducted in 1945.
Frank Patrick, inducted in 1950.
Clarence Campbell, inducted in 1966.
Punch Imlach, inducted in 1984.
Father David Bauer, inducted in 1989.
Scotty Bowman, inducted in 1991.
Glen Sather, inducted in 1997.

The builder category has been in existence since the beginning of the Hall of Fame and the first builders were inducted in 1945. A builder is a person who has contributed to the development of the game of hockey, and as the name refers, one who has built the game forward. Since then, 102 builders have been inducted. For a person to be inducted to the Hockey Hall of Fame as a builder, they may be "active or inactive" and must be nominated by an elected 18-person selection committee. As of 2007, a maximum of two builders can be inducted in one year.[3]

Year Name
1945 H. Montagu Allan
Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby
1947[16][17] Frank Calder
W. A. Hewitt
Francis Nelson
William Northey
John Ross Robertson
Claude C. Robinson
James T. Sutherland
1950[22] Frank Patrick
1958[24] George Dudley
James E. Norris
Al Pickard
Donat Raymond
Conn Smythe
Lloyd Turner
1960 Charles Adams
John Kilpatrick
Frank J. Selke
1961 George V. Brown
Paul Loicq
Fred Waghorne
1962 Frank Ahearn
Walter A. Brown
Frederick Hume
James D. Norris
Ambrose O'Brien
Frank Smith
1963 Leo Dandurand
Tommy Gorman
Frederic McLaughlin
1964 Angus Daniel Campbell
Frank Dilio
1965 Foster Hewitt
Tommy Lockhart
1966 Clarence Campbell
1968 Jimmy Dunn
Jim Hendy
1969 Al Leader
Bruce Norris
1970 Robert Lebel
1971 Arthur Wirtz
1972 Weston Adams
1973 Hartland Molson
1974 Charles Hay
Tommy Ivan
Anatoly Tarasov
Carl Voss
1975 Frank Buckland
William M. Jennings
1976 Jack Gibson
Philip Dansken Ross
Bill Wirtz
1977 Bunny Ahearne
Harold Ballard
Joseph Cattarinich
1978 Jack Bickell
Sam Pollock
William Thayer Tutt
1979 Gordon Juckes
1980 Jack Butterfield
1982 Emile Francis
1983 Harry Sinden
1984 Punch Imlach
Jake Milford
1985 John Mariucci
Rudy Pilous
1986 Bill Hanley
1987 John Ziegler
1988 Ed Snider
1989 Father David Bauer
1990 Bud Poile
1991 Scotty Bowman
1992 Keith Allen
Bob Johnson
Frank Mathers
1993 Frank Griffiths
Seymour Knox
Fred Page
1994 Brian O'Neill
1995 Günther Sabetzki
Bill Torrey
1996 Al Arbour
1997 Glen Sather
1998 Athol Murray
1999 Scotty Morrison
2000 Walter Bush
2001 Craig Patrick
2002 Roger Neilson
2003 Mike Ilitch
Brian Kilrea
2004 Cliff Fletcher
2005 Murray Costello
2006 Harley Hotchkiss
Herb Brooks
2007 Jim Gregory
2008 Ed Chynoweth
2009 Lou Lamoriello
2010 Jim Devellano
Daryl Seaman
2013 Fred Shero
2014 Pat Burns
2015 Bill Hay
Peter Karmanos Jr.
2016 Pat Quinn
2017 Clare Drake
Jeremy Jacobs
2018 Gary Bettman
Willie O'Ree
2019 Jim Rutherford
Jerry York
2020 Ken Holland
2022 Herb Carnegie
2023 Ken Hitchcock
Pierre Lacroix
2024 Colin Campbell
David Poile

Former members

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On March 30, 1993, it was announced that Gil Stein, who at the time was the president of the National Hockey League, had been inducted into the Hall of Fame. There were immediate allegations that he had engineered his election through manipulation of the hall's board of directors and by telling them to change the rules for selection. Two lawyers, hired by the league to lead an investigation, recommended that Stein's selection be overturned, although it was soon revealed that Stein had previously decided to turn down the induction.[26]

In 1989, Alan Eagleson was inducted as a builder, but he resigned from the Hall in 1998 after pleading guilty of mail fraud and embezzlement of hundreds of thousands of dollars, these crimes having been perpetrated against NHL players and tournaments.[27] His resignation came shortly before a vote was held to expel him.[28]

On-ice officials

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Ray Scapinello, inducted in 2008.

The on-ice official category has been in existence since 1961 and since then sixteen have been inducted. For an official to be inducted to the Hockey Hall of Fame, they must be retired for a minimum of three years and must be nominated by an elected 18-person selection committee. As of 2007, a maximum of one on-ice official can be inducted in one year.[3]

Year Name
1961 Chaucer Elliott
Mickey Ion
Cooper Smeaton
1962 Mike Rodden
1963 Bobby Hewitson
1964 Bill Chadwick
1967 Red Storey
1973 Frank Udvari
1981 John Ashley
1987 Matt Pavelich
1988 George Hayes
1991 Neil Armstrong
1993 John D'Amico
1999 Andy Van Hellemond
2008 Ray Scapinello
2014 Bill McCreary

Notes

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  1. ^ McGran, Kevin (June 20, 2010). "Will a female finally be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame?". Toronto Star. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Induction facts & figures". Legends of Hockey. Hockey Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 6, 2008.
  3. ^ a b c d "Summary of Election Procedures". Legends of Hockey. Hockey Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2008.
  4. ^ Hockey Hall of Fame 2003, p. 194.
  5. ^ "Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award winners". Legends of Hockey. Hockey Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on December 30, 2007. Retrieved January 6, 2008.
  6. ^ "Foster Hewitt Memorial Award winners". Legends of Hockey. Hockey Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on July 5, 2010. Retrieved January 6, 2008.
  7. ^ "Hockey Hall of Fame Announces Legends Classic Tour 2005 Featuring Canada Vs. Russia". Legends of Hockey. Hockey Hall of Fame. September 7, 2005. Archived from the original on October 28, 2005. Retrieved January 6, 2008.
  8. ^ "Foster Hewitt". Legends of Hockey. Hockey Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 6, 2008.
  9. ^ "Committee Approves Waiver for Gretzky". The New York Times. April 30, 1999. Retrieved January 6, 2008.
  10. ^ a b Noel-Bentley, Peter (August 26, 1963). "Canadian Athlete Helps Promote Peace - Martin". Toronto Star. p. 9.
  11. ^ Hockey Hall of Fame 2003, p. 53.
  12. ^ a b "Five Women Among Hall of Fame Stars Honored In Ceremony at CNE Luncheon". The Globe and Mail. August 27, 1962. p. 19.
  13. ^ a b "Hall of Fame Entry Tougher In Future". Toronto Star. August 27, 1963. p. 18.
  14. ^ a b "CNE Ceremony at Hockey, Sports Halls". Toronto Star. August 23, 1963. p. 10.
  15. ^ "Pick Selections to Hockey Hall of Fame". Montreal Gazette. May 2, 1945. p. 16.
  16. ^ a b "Cyclone Always All-Star timber". The Leader-Post. February 27, 1947. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  17. ^ a b "Pick Eddie Shore and Six Others To National Hockey Hall of Fame". Lewiston Daily Sun. February 26, 1947. p. 9. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  18. ^ "Hockey Moguls Honoring Veteran Clapper Tonight". Ottawa Citizen. February 12, 1947. p. 18.
  19. ^ "Ross One of Two New Men Elected to Hall of Fame". Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. October 22, 1949. p. 18. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  20. ^ "Two Members Added to Hall of Fame". Ottawa Citizen. October 21, 1949. p. 30. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  21. ^ Hockey Hall of Fame 2003, pp. 7–8.
  22. ^ a b "9 New Members Join Hockey Hall of Fame". Montreal Gazette. June 28, 1950. p. 22.
  23. ^ "Six Hockey Greats Elected to Kingston Hall of Fame". Montreal Gazette. August 19, 1952. p. 17.
  24. ^ a b "Three Ottawans Are Named To Hockey Hall". Ottawa Citizen. April 28, 1958. p. 17.
  25. ^ Hockey Hall of Fame 2003.
  26. ^ Lapointe, Joe (August 19, 1993). "Stein Is Scratched as N.H.L. Immortal". The New York Times. Retrieved January 10, 2008.
  27. ^ Hockey Hall of Fame 2003, p. 167.
  28. ^ Lapointe, Joe (March 26, 1998). "Eagleson Resigns Under Pressure". The New York Times. Retrieved January 10, 2008.

References

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  • Hockey Hall of Fame (2003). Honoured Members: Hockey Hall of Fame. Bolton, Ontario: Fenn Publishing. ISBN 1-55168-239-7.

Note: For the years after 2003, the Hockey Hall of Fame web site is accurate. As of December 2019, the web site is inaccurate for the years before, for the players inducted prior to the establishment of the Toronto Hall, for example Nels Stewart, who was inducted in 1952, not 1962 as is listed on the HHOF web site. This may have led to other publications stating the wrong years of induction. The book Honoured Members: Hockey Hall of Fame, published by the Hockey Hall of Fame itself, lists the players accurately.


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