Name
|
Founder
|
Founded
|
Type
|
References
|
3HO |
Harbhajan Singh Khalsa |
1969 |
Sikh |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 131
|
Adidam, previously Free Daist Communion, Dawn Horse Fellowship, etc. |
Adi Da |
1972 |
Neo-Hindu-inspired |
[Clarke 2006]: 2–3 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 6–7 [Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 146, 6–7 [Lewis 1998]: 25–28
|
Adonai-Shomo |
Frederick T. Howland |
1861 |
Adventist Communal |
[Melton 2003]: 707 [Lewis 1998]: 28
|
Adonism |
Franz Sättler |
1925 |
Modern Pagan |
[6]: 4
|
Adventures in Enlightenment, A Foundation |
Terry Cole-Whittaker |
1985 |
Religious Science |
[Lewis 1998]: 28–29
|
Aetherius Society |
George King |
1954 |
UFO-Christian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 3 [Lewis 1998]: 29–31 [7]: 25–26
|
The African Church |
Jacob Kehinde Coker |
1901 |
Anglican |
[Chryssides 2001]: 26 [8]
|
African initiated churches |
Multiple |
1800s |
Syncretistic Christian-Indigenous |
[Chryssides 2001]: 26–27
|
African Theological Archministry, previously Order of Damballah Hwedo Ancestor Priests, Shango Temple, and Yoruba Temple |
Walter Eugene King |
1973 |
Afro-American Voodoo |
[Melton 2003]: 934 [Lewis 1998]: 31
|
Agasha Temple of Wisdom |
Richard Zenor |
1943 |
Spiritualism |
[Melton 2003]: 764 [Lewis 1998]: 32
|
Agni Yoga (Roerichism) |
Helena Roerich, Nicholas Roerich |
1920 |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 876 [Lewis 1998]: 32 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 16–17 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 6
|
Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light |
Abdullah Hashem |
2015 |
Shia Islam-Millenarian |
[Introvigne & Kotkowska 2024]
|
Ahmadiyya |
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad |
1889 |
Messianic Islam |
[Lewis 1998]: 32–33 [Chryssides 2001]: 27–28 [Melton 2003]: 985 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 6
|
Aiyy Faith, previously Kut-Siur: 62 |
Lazar Afanasyev alias Téris |
1990 |
Modern Pagan Neo-Tengrist |
[9]: 62 [9]: 57
|
Aladura |
Josiah Ositelu |
1930 |
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003][Chryssides 2001]: 28–29, 517 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 7
|
Alamo Christian Foundation, a.k.a. Alamo Christian Church, Consecrated, Alamo Christian Ministries, and Music Square Church |
Tony Alamo; Susan Alamo |
1969 |
Fundamentalist Communal |
[Lewis 1998]: 33–34 [Chryssides 2001]: 29 [Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 13 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 7
|
Altruria |
Edward Biron Payne |
1894 |
Christian Communal |
[Melton 2003]: 707 [Lewis 1998]: 34–35
|
American Buddhist Movement |
|
1980 |
Western Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1116 [Lewis 1998]: 35–36
|
American Buddhist Society and Fellowship, Inc. |
Robert Ernest Dickhoff |
1945 |
Tibetan Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1102 [Lewis 1998]: 36
|
American World Patriarchs |
Uladyslau Ryzy-Ryski |
1972 |
Eastern Orthodox |
[Melton 2003]: 309 [Lewis 1998]: 37–38
|
Amica Temple of Radiance |
Ivah Berg Whitten |
1932 |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 876 [Lewis 1998]: 38
|
Ananda Ashrama |
Paramananda |
1923 |
Neo-Hindu Neo-Vedanta |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 29–30
|
Ananda Marga |
Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar |
1955 |
Neo-Hindu Tantric |
[Melton 2003]: 1001 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 30–31 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 11 [Lewis 1998]: 41 [Chryssides 2001]: 30–31 [10]: 370
|
Ananda movement, incl. Ananda World Brotherhood Colonies and Ananda Church of Self-Realization |
Kriyananda |
1968 |
Neo-Hindu Self-Realization Fellowship |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 33–34
|
Anandamayee Sangha, officially, Shree Shree Anandamayee Sangha |
Anandamayi Ma |
1920s |
Neo-Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 32
|
Ancient British Church in North America |
Jonathan V. Zotique |
1976 |
Homosexually oriented Christian |
[Melton 2003]: 1142 [Lewis 1998]: 43
|
Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis |
H. Spencer Lewis |
1915 |
Rosicrucianism |
[Lewis 1998]: 42–43 [Chryssides 2001]: 31 [Melton 2003]: 841 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 11
|
Ancient Teachings of the Masters (ATOM) |
Darwin Gross |
1983 |
Sant Mat Eckankar |
[Melton 2003]: 1054 [Clarke 2006]: 32–33, 508 [Lewis 1998]: 43
|
Anglo-Saxon Federation of America |
Howard B. Rand |
1928 |
British Israelism |
[Melton 2003]: 651 [Lewis 1998]: 43–44 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 13
|
Ansaaru Allah Community |
As Siddid Al Imaan Al Haahi Al Mahdi |
1960s, late |
Black Islam |
[Melton 2003]: 986–987, 986–987 [Lewis 1998]: 44
|
Ant Hill Kids, a.k.a. Holy Moses Mountain Family |
Roch Thériault |
1977 |
Seventh-day Adventist |
[11][12]
|
Anthroposophy (Anthroposophical Society) |
Rudolf Steiner |
1912 |
Western esotericism |
[Chryssides 2001]: 33–34 [Lewis 1998]: 44–47 [Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 20 [13]: 41
|
Antiochian Catholic Church in America |
Gordon Mar Peter |
1980s |
Independent Catholic Monophysite |
[Melton 2003]: 241 [Lewis 1998]: 47
|
Antoinism |
Louis-Joseph Antoine |
1910 |
Christian Healing |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]
|
Apostles of Infinite Love, a.k.a. The Order of Magnificat of the Mother of God |
Michel Collin, Jean-Gaston Tremblay |
1961 |
Catholic |
[14]
|
Apostolic Christian Church (Nazarean) |
Samuel Heinrich Froehlich |
1906 |
European Free-Church |
[Melton 2003]: 548 [Lewis 1998]: 47–48
|
Apostolic Christian Church of America |
1830
|
Apostolic Church |
Daniel Powell Williams |
1916 |
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 23 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 15
|
Apostolic Church of Christ (Pentecostal) |
Johnnie Draft; Wallace Snow |
1969 |
Oneness Pentecostalism |
[Melton 2003]: 464 [Lewis 1998]: 48
|
Apostolic Overcoming Holy Church of God |
William Thomas Phillips |
1920 |
[Melton 2003]: 465 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 16
|
Arcane School, a.k.a. Lucis Trust |
Alice and Foster Bailey |
1923/1937 |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 172–173 [Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 217 [Chryssides 2001]: 38 [Melton 2003]: 857
|
Arica School |
Oscar Ichazo |
1968 |
Sufism |
[Melton 2003]: 971 [Chryssides 2001]: 38–39 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 17
|
Art of Living Foundation, a.k.a. Association for Inner Growth and 'Ved Vignan Maha Vidya Preeth' |
Ravi Shankar |
1981/1982 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 45–46 [Melton 2003]: 1004
|
Arya Samaj |
Dayananda Saraswati |
1875 |
[Melton 2003]: 1004 [Chryssides 2001]: 40–41 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 45–46 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 18
|
Aryan Nations, a.k.a. Church of Jesus Christ–Christian |
Wesley Swift |
1940s, late |
British Israelism |
[Melton 2003]: 654 [Chryssides 2001]: 91
|
Ásatrú Folk Assembly |
Stephen McNallen |
1970s |
Modern Pagan Polytheistic reconstructionism Heathenry |
[15]
|
Assemblies of God |
merger |
1914 |
Pentecostal |
[16]: 106 [Chryssides 2001]: 41–42 [Clarke 2006]: 48 [16]: 106
|
Assemblies of the Lord Jesus Christ |
1952 |
Apostolic Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 466 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 18
|
Assembly of Christian Soldiers |
Jessie L. Thrift |
1971 |
Christian Identity Ku Klux Klan |
[Melton 2003]: 1131 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 21
|
Assembly of Man |
Franklin Merrell-Wolff |
1928 |
Eastern and Western esotericism |
[17]
|
Association for Research and Enlightenment |
Edgar Cayce |
1931 |
Occult |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 31 [Chryssides 2001]: 42–43 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 21
|
Association of Vineyard Churches, a.k.a. Vineyard Movement |
John Wimber |
1982 |
Neo-charismatic Trinitarian Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 446 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 316
|
Aumism |
Gilbert Bourdin |
1969 |
Syncretistic Esoteric-Hinduism |
[18]: 217 [18]: 222, 218 [18]: 215
|
Aum Shinrikyo, a.k.a. Aleph |
Shoko Asahara |
1987 |
Japanese, Japanese Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1073 [19] [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 23 [Chryssides 2001]: 44–45 [20]
|
Ausar Auset Society |
R.A. Straughn |
1970s, mid |
Rosicrucianism |
[Melton 2003]: 842 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 24
|
Azali or Azali Babi |
Subh-i-Azal |
1863 |
Babism |
[21]: 246
|
Bábism |
Báb (Ali Muhammad Shirazi) |
1844 |
Shia Islam-Millenarian |
[22] [Lewis 1998]: 58 [22][23]: 180
|
Baháʼí Faith |
Bahá'u'lláh (Mírzá Ḥusayn-'Alí Nuri) |
1863 |
Babism-Millenarian |
[Chryssides 2001]: 48–49 [Clarke 2006]: 58–56 [Melton 2003]: 992 [24] [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 25–26 [Miller 1995]: 243–248
|
Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Fellowship |
Bawa Muhaiyaddeen |
1971 |
Sufism |
[Melton 2003]: 972 [Chryssides 2001]: 50–51
|
Bethel Ministerial Association |
Albert Franklin Varnell |
1934 |
Apostolic Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 466 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 32
|
Bible Presbyterian Church |
Carl McIntire |
1938 |
Reformed Presbyterian |
[Melton 2003]: 370 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 33
|
Bible Way Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ |
schism |
1957 |
Apostolic Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 466 [Lewis 1998]: 77 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 34
|
Biosophy |
Ignaz Paul Vitalis Troxler, F.W.J. Schelling |
1806 |
|
[25][26]
|
Blackburn Cult, a.k.a. Divine Order of the Royal Arms of the Great Eleven |
May Otis Blackburn |
1922 |
Modern Pagan New Thought |
[27]: 1 [27]: 35
|
Brahma Kumaris |
Dada Lekhraj |
1936/1937 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Chryssides 2001]: 56–57 [28] [Melton 2003]: 1006 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 89–91 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 37
|
Brahmo Samaj, a.k.a. Adi Dharm |
Ram Mohan Roy |
1828 |
Neo-Hindu Unitarian Universal |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 92–93 [29]: 1:1028–30, 93 [30]
|
Brahmoism (Brahmo Dharma) |
Debendranath Tagore |
1848/1850 |
[30]: 43–57
|
Branch Davidians |
Benjamin Roden |
1930 |
Seventh-day Adventist Shepherd's Rod |
[Melton 2003]: 617 [Chryssides 2001]: 59 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 38
|
Branhamism |
William M. Branham |
1951 |
Pentecostal |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 37–40
|
Breatharians a.k.a. Inedia |
Wiley Brooks |
1970s |
Hindu-influenced |
[Chryssides 2001]: 60–61 [31]: 30
|
The Brethren (Jim Roberts group), a.k.a. The Body of Christ and The Garbage Eaters |
Jimmie T. Roberts |
1970, circa |
Unclassified Christian Churches |
[Melton 2003]: 1131–1132
|
British Israelism, a.k.a. Anglo-Israelism |
|
1870s |
|
[Chryssides 2001]: 61–62 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 39–40
|
Brotherhood of the Golden Arrow (defunct) |
Maria de Naglowska |
1932 |
Occult Western esotericism Satanic |
[32]
|
Bruderhof, a.k.a. the Hutterian Brethren and Hutterian Society of Brothers |
Eberhard Arnold |
1920, circa |
Communal |
[Melton 2003]: 709 [Chryssides 2001]: 63–64 [33]: 709
|
Brunstad Christian Church |
Johan Oscar Smith |
1905 |
Evangelical Non-denominational Christian |
[34] [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 269–270 [34]
|
Builders of the Adytum |
Paul Foster Case |
1922 |
Ritual magic |
[Melton 2003]: 891 [Chryssides 2001]: 67–68 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 41–42
|
Burkhanism or Ak Jang |
Chet Chelpan; Chugul Sarok Chandyk |
1904 |
Altaian Millenarian-Indigenist Tengrist |
[35]
|
Cao Dai, a.k.a. Dai Dao Tam Ky Pho Do |
Ngô Văn Chiêu, Lê Văn Trung |
1919 |
Syncretistic Vietnamese Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 61 [Chryssides 2001]: 69–70 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 44
|
Cargo cults |
|
1885 |
Syncretistic Millenarian-Indigenist |
[Chryssides 2001]: 70 [Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 62 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 45
|
Carlebach movement |
Shlomo Carlebach |
1960s, late |
Neo-Hasidic Rabbinic Judaism |
[29]: 7:4868–74
|
Celestial Church of Christ |
Samuel Oshoffa |
1947 |
Indigenist Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 64 [Chryssides 2001]: 73
|
The Centers Network |
|
1981 |
|
[Chryssides 2001]: 73–74
|
Chabad, a.k.a. Chabad-Lubavitch |
Shneur Zalman of Liadi |
1775 |
Hasidic Rabbinic Judaism |
[Chryssides 2001]: 70 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 206,368
|
Charismatic Movement, a.k.a. neo-Pentecostalism |
|
1950s/1960s |
Charismatic Christian |
[Clarke 2006]: 106–108 [36] [Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 70 [Chryssides 2001]: 78
|
Chen Tao, a.k.a. God's Salvation Church and God Saves the Earth Flying Saucer Foundation |
Hon-Ming Chen |
1955 |
UFO religion |
[Chryssides 2001]: 78–79 [37]
|
Cheondoism, a.k.a. Chendogyo |
Choe Je-u |
1905 |
|
[Chryssides 2001]: 80–81
|
Cherubim and Seraphim, a.k.a. Sacred Cherubim and Seraphim Society and Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim |
Moses Orimolade Tunolase |
1925, circa |
African Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 65 [Chryssides 2001]: 79
|
Children of Thunder |
Glenn Taylor Helzer |
2000 |
Latter-day Saint Movement |
[38]
|
Christ Apostolic Church |
Joseph Ayo Babalola |
1941 |
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 479 [Chryssides 2001]: 82–83
|
Christadelphians, a.k.a. Thomasites |
John Thomas |
1844 |
Baptist family Restorationism |
[Chryssides 2001]: 81–82 [Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 48 [Melton 2003]: 107 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 50
|
The Christian Community, a.k.a. the Christian Community Church and Christengemeinschaft |
Rudolf Steiner Friedrich Rittelmeyer |
1922 |
Anthroposophy |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 70 [Chryssides 2001]: 83
|
Christian Identity, a.k.a. the Identity Movement |
1870s |
1940s |
British Israelism |
[Melton 2003]: 652 [39]: 48 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 138 [Chryssides 2001]: 84 [Clarke 2006]: 291–92 [40]: 387
|
Christian Reformed Church in North America |
Gijsbert Haan |
1857 |
Reformed Presbyterian |
[Melton 2003]: 365 [Chryssides 2001]: 86
|
Christian Science, a.k.a. Church of Christ, Scientist |
Mary Baker Eddy |
1876 |
Christian Faith healing New Thought |
[Chryssides 2001]: 86–87. [Melton 2003]: 741 [41]
|
Christian World Liberation Front, a.k.a. the Spiritual Counterfeits Project |
Jack Sparks, Fred Dyson, Pat Matrisciana |
1969 |
Christian Fundamentalist-Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 76 [Chryssides 2001]: 87–88
|
Church of All Worlds |
Tim Zell, Lance Christie |
1962 |
Witchcraft Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 909 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 58 [Chryssides 2001]: 88–89
|
Church of Aphrodite (defunct) |
Gleb Botkin |
1938 |
Modern Pagan Goddess |
[Melton 2003]: 911 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 58
|
Church of Bible Understanding |
Stewart Traill |
1971 |
Adventist Fundamentalist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 79 [Chryssides 2001]: 89–90 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 59
|
Church of Euthanasia |
Chris Korda, Robert Kimberk |
1992 |
Parody Religion |
[42]
|
Church of Daniel's Band |
|
1893 |
Non-Episcopal Methodism |
[Melton 2003]: 395 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 61
|
Church of Divine Science |
Malinda Cramer |
1888 |
New Thought Faith healing |
[Miller 1995]: 326
|
Church of God in Christ |
Charles H. Mason |
1908 |
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 85 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 62
|
The Church of God (Jerusalem Acres) |
Grady R. Kent |
1957 |
White Trinitarian Holiness Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 437 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 62
|
Church of God Mountain Assembly |
J.H. Parks, Steve N. Bryant, Tom Moses and William O. Douglas |
1906 |
[Melton 2003]: 437 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 63, 65
|
Church of God of Prophecy |
Ambrose Tomlinson |
1903 |
[Melton 2003]: 438 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 62–63
|
Church of God with Signs Following |
George Went Hensley |
1920s |
Holiness Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 489 [Chryssides 2006]: 300–301
|
Church of Israel |
Dan Gayman |
1974 |
British Israelism |
[Melton 2003]: 653 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 65
|
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints |
Joseph Smith |
1830 |
Latter-day Saint Movement-Millenarian |
|
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) |
Joseph Smith James Strang |
1844 |
Latter-day Saint Movement |
[43]
|
The Church of Light |
C.C. Zain |
1932 |
neo-Hermetism |
[Lewis 1998]: 210–211 [44]: 105–106
|
Church of Satan |
Anton LaVey |
1966 |
Satanic |
[Clarke 2006]: 508–509 [Chryssides 2001]: 91–92 [Miller 1995]: 401–410
|
Church of the SubGenius |
J.R. "Bob" Dobbs |
1979 |
Parody |
|
Church of the Creator |
Grace Marama URI |
1969 |
Liberal family |
[Melton 2003]: 668
|
Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster or Pastafarianism |
Bobby Henderson |
2005 |
Parody |
[45][46]
|
Church of the Living Word, a.k.a. The Walk |
John Robert Stevens |
1954 |
Fundamentalist Occult |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 386 [Chryssides 2001]: 92–93
|
Church of the Lord (Aladura) |
Josiah Ositelu |
1930 |
Pentecostal Family |
[Melton 2003]: 517 [Chryssides 2001]: 93
|
Church of World Messianity |
Mokichi Okada |
1934 |
Shinto Faith healing |
[Melton 2003]: 1120 [Chryssides 2001]: 94 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 94, 371
|
Church Universal and Triumphant |
Mark Prophet, Elizabeth Clare (Wolf) Prophet |
1958 |
Theosophical Occult |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 97 [Chryssides 2001]: 94–95 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 281
|
Collegiate Association for the Research of Principles, also known as CARP |
Sun Myung Moon |
1955 |
Unification Church |
[47] [Chryssides 2001]: 71 [48]
|
Commandment Keepers: Holy Church of the Living God |
Arnold Josiah Ford |
1924 |
Black Judaism |
[Melton 2003]: 951 [Lewis 1998]: 180 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 74
|
Community Chapel and Bible Training Center |
Donald Lee Barnett |
1967 |
Latter Rain Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 496 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 75
|
Concerned Christians |
Monte Kim Miller |
1980s |
|
[Chryssides 2001]: 96 [49]
|
Conservative Judaism |
Sabato Morais, Marcus Jastrow, H. Pereira Mendes |
1887 |
Rabbinic Judaism |
[Melton 2003]: 943 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 76 [Chryssides 2001]: 97
|
Core Shamanism, The Foundation for Shamanic Studies |
Michael Harner |
1980 |
Neoshamanism |
[Clarke 2006]: 580 [50]
|
Covenant of the Goddess |
merger |
1975 |
Goddess Neopagan witchcraft Modern Pagan Wiccan |
[Melton 2003]: 915 [Chryssides 2001]: 48–49 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 98
|
Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans |
Margot Adler |
1987 |
Neopagan witchcraft Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 915 [Chryssides 2001]: 99 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 99
|
The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord |
James D. Ellison |
1970s, mid |
British Israelism |
[Chryssides 2001]: 99–100 [Melton 2003]: 654 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 78
|
Creativity |
Ben Klassen |
1970s, early |
Pantheism, Agnostic Atheism, White Racialism |
[52]
|
Crossroads Movement |
|
1970s |
|
[Chryssides 2006]: 100 [Chryssides 2001]: 100
|
Cyberchurches |
|
2000s, early |
Non-denominational Christian |
[Chryssides 2001]: 103
|
Dalit Buddhist Movement, a.k.a. Navayana Buddhism |
B.R. Ambedkar |
1956 |
Neo-Buddhism |
[54]
|
Dances of Universal Peace |
Samuel L. Lewis |
1968 |
|
[55]
|
Diamond Way |
Ole Nydahl |
1972 |
Tibetan Buddhism, New Age, |
[56][57]
|
Dianic Wicca |
merger |
1971 |
Neopagan witchcraft Modern Pagan Goddess Wiccan |
[Melton 2003]: 916 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 84
|
Discordianism |
Greg Hill, Kerry Wendell Thornley |
1963 |
Absurdism Greek Mythology |
[58]
|
Eastern Lightning, a.k.a. the Church of Almighty God |
Yang Xiangbin, Zhao Weishan |
1991 |
Chinese house churches |
[59]: 97 [60]: 71 [61]: 96 [59][60]: 1
|
Eckankar or ECK |
Paul Twitchell |
1965/1971 |
Derived from Radha Soami, but denies connection |
[Clarke 2006]: 178–79 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 144–146, 384 [Melton 2003]: 1056, 144, 384, 144, 508 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 91
|
Efficacious Spirit Teachings, a.k.a. Spirit Church and The Lingling Sect |
Hua Xuehe |
1986 |
Pentecostalism |
[62]: 43 [63]: 123 [62]: 42 [64]: 43
|
Elan Vital, formerly Divine Light Mission |
Hans Ji Maharaj |
1920s |
Derived from Sant Mat, but denies connection |
[Melton 2003]: 1055 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 384 [Clarke 2006]: 508 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 85–86, 167 [28]: 126 [65]: 156
|
Emin |
Raymond Armin |
1971 |
New Age |
|
End Time Survivors Jesus Christians |
David McKay |
1981 |
Fundamentalist Millennialism |
[66][67]
|
Esoteric Nazism |
|
1940s, late |
Occult Western esotericism |
[13][68]: 17
|
Est (Erhard Seminars Training) |
Werner Erhard |
1981 |
Human Potential Movement Self religions |
[69][70]: 193 [71][72]: 167, 171–172 [5]: 35 [73] [Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 108, 107–108 [1]: 44 [28]: 126–127
|
Evangelical Association of the Israelite Mission of the New Universal Covenant |
Ezequiel Ataucusi Gamonal |
1968 |
Syncretistic Messianic Judaism-Indigenist |
[74]
|
Evangelical Methodist Church |
J.H. Hamblen |
1946 |
Non-Episcopal Methodist |
[Melton 2003]: 396 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 97
|
Falun Gong |
Li Hongzhi |
1992 |
Qigong movement |
[Melton 2003]: 1126 [75]
|
The Family, a.k.a. Santiniketan Park Association & Great White Brotherhood |
Anne Hamilton-Byrne |
1963 |
New Age |
[76]
|
Family International, previously the Children of God, the Family of Love and the Family |
David Berg |
1968 |
Fundamentalist, Jesus movement, countercultural evangelical |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 133 [Clarke 2006]: 185 [77][28]: 126 [77]
|
Fellowship of Isis |
Olivia Robertson |
1976 |
Modern Pagan Goddess |
[Melton 2003]: 888 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 103
|
Fellowships of the Remnant |
Denver Snuffer Jr. |
2013 |
Latter-day Saint Movement |
|
Feraferia |
Frederick Adams |
1967 |
Modern Pagan Goddess |
|
Feri Tradition |
Victor Henry Anderson, Cora Anderson |
1960, circa |
Goddess Neopagan witchcraft Modern Pagan Wiccan |
|
Findhorn Foundation |
Eileen Caddy, Peter Caddy, Alexis Edwards, Roger Benson |
1963 |
Christian-Anthroposophistical-Rosicrucian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 138 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 104
|
Fire Baptized Holiness Church of God of the Americas |
W.E. Fuller |
1898 |
Black Trinitarian Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 482 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 104
|
First Satanic Church |
Karla LaVey |
1997 |
Satanic |
[80]: 701
|
Followers of Christ |
Marion Reece (or Riess) |
1800s, late |
Unclassified Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 1137 [81]
|
Fourth Way |
George Gurdjieff |
1913–1916 |
Esoteric Esoteric Sufism |
[Clarke 2006]: 245–47 [13]: 42 [Miller 1995]: 259–266
|
Fraternitas Rosae Crucis |
Paschal Beverly Randolph |
1858 |
Rosicrucianism |
[Melton 2003]: 843 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 108
|
Fraternity of the Inner Light |
Dion Fortune |
1924 |
neo-Hermeticism Esoteric Christianity |
[Clarke 2006]: 217–219
|
Freedomites |
|
1902 |
|
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 272
|
Fundamentalist Christianity |
|
1800s, late |
Christian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 113–114
|
Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints |
Lorin C. Woolley |
1929 |
Latter-day Saint Movement |
[82]
|
General Church of the New Jerusalem |
schism |
1890 |
Swedenborgianism |
[Melton 2003]: 763 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 117
|
The Genesis II Church of Health and Healing |
Jim Humble |
2009/2010 |
UFO-New Age inspired Pseudoscience |
[83][84][85][86]
|
Gentle Wind Project |
John "Tubby" Miller and Mary "Moe" Miller |
1980 |
Spiritualism |
[87]
|
Ghost Dance |
Wovoka |
1889 |
Native American Indigenist Fundamentalist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 119
|
Global Peace Foundation |
Hyun Jin Moon |
2007 |
Unification Church |
[89][90]
|
Goddess movement |
|
late 1960s |
Modern Pagan |
[Clarke 2006]: 240–42
|
Godianism, a.k.a. Chiism |
K.O.K. Onyioha |
1949 |
African Indigenist Modern Pagan |
[Clarke 2006]: 242–43
|
Grail Movement |
Oskar Ernst Bernhardt |
1924 |
Syncretistic Christian New Age Channeling |
[Melton 2003]: 786 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 122–123
|
Hanuman Foundation |
Richard Alpert (Ram Dass) |
1974/1980 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 51 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 178 [Melton 2003]: 1013 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 129
|
Happy Science (Kofuku-no-Kagaku) |
Ryuho Okawa |
1986 |
Japanese |
[92]
|
Heaven's Gate formerly Human Individual Metamorphosis and Total Overcomers Anonymous |
Marshall Herff Applewhite, Bonnie Lu Nettles |
1973 |
Syncretistic Christian New Age UFO religion |
[93][94]: 17 [93][95]: 71
|
Hikari no Wa |
Fumihiro Joyu |
2007 |
Aum Shinrikyo |
[96]: 29
|
Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy |
Swami Rama |
1971 |
Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1014 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 183–184 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 133
|
House of Israel |
David Hill a.k.a. Rabbi Edward Washington |
1972 |
Black Hebrew Israelites |
[97]
|
Humanistic Judaism |
Sherwin Wine |
1965 |
Nontheistic Rabbinic Judaism |
[Clarke 2006]: 288–89
|
Human Sacrifices Sect of Nacozari |
Silvia Meraz |
2009 |
Santa Muerte |
[98]
|
Huna |
Max Freedom Long |
1936 |
New Thought New Age Hawaiian religion |
[Lewis 1998]: 406–407
|
I AM Activity |
Guy Ballard, Edna Anne Wheeler Ballard |
1930s, early |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 873 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 138
|
Iglesia ni Cristo |
Felix Manalo |
1913, formally 1914 |
Restorationism Nontrinitarian Fundamentalist |
[Clarke 2006]: 292–93
|
Independent Fundamental Churches of America |
R. Lee Kirkland |
1922 |
Unaffiliated Fundamentalist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 179 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 142
|
Indian Shaker Church |
John and Marry Slocum |
1881 |
Native American and Christian |
|
Insight Meditation Society |
Jack Kornfield, Sharon Salzberg, Joseph Goldstein |
1976 |
Theravada |
[Melton 2003]: 1067 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 143
|
International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), a.k.a. Hare Krishna movement |
A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada |
1966 |
Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 199
|
International House of Prayer, a.k.a. IHOP or IHOPKC |
Mike Bickle |
1999 |
Charismatic Movement Post-tribulational Historic premillennialism |
|
International Church of the Foursquare Gospel |
Aimee Semple McPherson |
1923 |
White Trinitarian Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 451 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 108
|
International Community of Christ, a.k.a. Church of the Second Advent (CSA) and Jamilians |
Eugene Douglas Savoy |
1972 |
New Age |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 139
|
Iriadamant |
Pierre Doris Maltais |
1973 |
Animism Native American Spiritual ecology |
[99]
|
Isha Foundation |
Jaggi Vasudev |
1992 |
Hindu |
[100]
|
ISKCON Revival Movement (IRM) |
? |
2000 |
Neo-Hindu ISKCON |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]
|
Ivanovism (the Ivanovites) |
Porfiry Ivanov |
1933 |
Syncretistic Modern Pagan Slavic Native Faith |
[101]: 128–145
|
Jediism |
|
2000s |
Star Wars-inspired New Age |
[102]: 62 [102]: 62
|
Jehovah's Witnesses |
Charles Taze Russell |
1870 |
Adventist Bible Students Nontrinitarian |
[Melton 2003]: 637 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 150, 152–153
|
Jesus Army, a.k.a. "Jesus Fellowship Church" and "Bugbrooke Jesus Fellowship" |
Noel Stanton |
1977 |
Fundamentalist Communal |
[10]: 149–163 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 153
|
Jesus Movement |
|
1960s, late |
Fundamentalist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 196 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 153 [103]
|
Jewish Renewal |
Zalman Schachter-Shalomi |
1970s, mid |
Neo-Hasidic Rabbinic Judaism Syncretistic |
[29]: 7:4868–74
|
Jews for Jesus |
Moishe Rosen |
1970 |
Fundamentalist Messianic Judaism |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 197 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 155
|
John Frum |
|
1936 |
Syncretistic Millenarian
|
Joy of Satan Ministries |
Andrea Maxine Dietrich |
2002 |
Satanism Theism |
[104]: 448
|
Kabbalah Centre |
Philip Berg |
1970s |
Kabbalist New Age |
[Clarke 2006]: 322–23
|
Karma Triyana Dharmachakra |
the 16th Gyalwa Karmapa |
1976 |
Tibetan Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1108 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 157–158.
|
Keetoowah Society |
Redbird Smith (co-founder) |
1858 |
Native American Indigenist |
|
Kemetic Orthodoxy |
Tamara Siuda |
1988 |
Modern Pagan Polytheistic reconstructionism Kemetic |
[105]
|
Kerista |
John Presmont |
1956 |
Communal—After 1960 |
[Melton 2003]: 730 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 158
|
Kopimism |
Isak Gerson |
2012 |
Internet religion |
|
Konkokyo |
Bunjirō Kawate |
1859 |
Japanese Shinto |
[Melton 2003]: 1122 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 161
|
Krishnamurti Foundations |
Jiddu Krishnamurti |
1928 |
Neo-Theosophical Universalism |
[106]
|
Kripalu Center (Kirpalu) |
Amrit Desai |
1966 |
Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1019 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 161
|
Lama Foundation |
Steve Durkee |
1967 |
Communal |
[Melton 2003]: 731 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 164
|
Latter Day Saint movement (Mormonism) |
Joseph Smith |
1830 |
Christian restorationism |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 187 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 190, 192
|
Latter Rain Movement |
George Hawtin, Percy Hunt |
1946 |
Millenarian Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 209 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 165
|
Laymen's Home Missionary Movement |
Paul S.L. Johnson |
1920, circa |
Adventist Bible Students |
[Melton 2003]: 639 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 165
|
Lectorium Rosicrucianum |
Jan van Rijckenborgh; Zwier Willem Leene; Catharose de Petri |
1924 |
Rosicrucianism |
[Clarke 2006]: 338–339 [Melton 2003]: 844 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 165–166
|
The Living Word Fellowship |
John Robert Stevens |
1951 |
Latter Rain Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 506 [107]
|
Local Church movement |
Ni Shu-tsu (Watchman Nee) |
1920s |
Independent Fundamentalist Bible Students |
[Melton 2003]: 609–610 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 169, 171
|
Longhouse Religion |
Handsome Lake alias Sganyodaiyoˀ |
1797 |
Native American Indigenist |
|
Love Family, a.k.a. the Church of Jesus Christ at Armageddon and Love Israel |
Paul Erdman |
1969 |
Communal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 216 [Chryssides 2001]: 90–91
|
Love Has Won |
Amy Carlson |
2005, circa |
New Age |
[108][109]
|
Lumpa Church |
Alice Lenshina |
1953 |
African initiated church |
[110]
|
Mahikari |
Kotama Okada |
1959 |
Shinto |
[Melton 2003]: 1123 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 176
|
Makasol (Wind Nation), a.k.a. Paliau movement |
Paliau Maloat |
1970s, circa |
Papuan Indigenist Millenarian countercultural |
[Clarke 2006]: 482–85
|
Manson Family |
Charles Manson |
1967 |
Millenarianism |
[111]
|
Maranatha Campus Ministries |
Bob Weiner |
1972 |
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 223 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 178
|
Martinus' Spiritual Science |
Martinus Thomsen |
1932 |
Esoteric |
[112][113][114]
|
Mata Amritanandamayi Math |
Mata Amritanandamayi |
1981 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Clarke 2006]: 31–32 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 26–27
|
Mazdaznan |
Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha'nish |
1902 |
Zoroastrianism |
[Melton 2003]: 991 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 181
|
Meher Baba followers |
Merwan Sheriar Irani |
1921 |
Hindu-inspired |
[Melton 2003]: 991 [65]
|
Mespilism |
|
2000s |
Buddhism, Paganism, New Age, Syncretism, Humanism |
[115]
|
Messianic Judaism |
|
1960s |
Judeo-Christian |
[Clarke 2006]: 397–99, 399 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 184
|
Million Man March |
Louis Farrakhan |
1995 |
Nation of Islam |
[116]: 245
|
Mita Congregation |
Juanita García Peraza |
1940 |
Deliverance Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 462 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 186
|
Modekngei (Ngara Modekngei) |
Tamadad from Chol |
1915, circa |
Syncretistic Christian-Indigenous |
[117]
|
Monastic Order of Avallon |
Henri Hillion de Coatmoc'han |
1972 |
Modern Pagan |
[118]
|
Moody Church |
Dwight L. Moody |
1864 |
Fundamentalist Evangelical |
[Melton 2003]: 602 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 186
|
Moorish Science Temple of America |
Timothy Drew |
1925 |
Black Islam |
[Melton 2003]: 988 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 186, 188
|
Moral Re-Armament |
Frank N.D. Buchman |
1921 |
|
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 233 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 188, 190
|
Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God |
Credonia Mwerinde, Joseph Kibweteere |
1989 |
Catholicism |
[119]: 209 [119]: 203 [119]: 213, 206
|
Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness |
John-Roger Hinkins |
1971 |
Syncretistic Sant Mat and Eckankar-influenced |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 384 [Clarke 2006]: 412, 412–14 [Melton 2003]: 1054 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 194
|
Namdhari |
Balak Singh |
1800s, mid |
Sikh |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 243 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 196
|
Narcosatánicos |
Adolfo Constanzo |
1985 |
Palo |
[120]
|
Nation of Islam |
Elijah Muhammad |
1930s, mid |
Black Islam UFO religion |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 245 [121]
|
Nation of Yahweh |
Hulon Mitchell, Jr. |
1970s |
Black Judaism |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 200 [Melton 2003]: 952–953 [122]: 217
|
National Spiritualist Association of Churches |
Harrison D. Barrett, James M. Peebles, Cora L. Richmond |
1893 |
Spiritualism |
[Melton 2003]: 772 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 197
|
Native American Church, a.k.a. Peyotism |
Quanah Parker |
1800–19th century |
Native American Indigenist Entheogen groups |
[Melton 2003]: 809 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 202
|
Native Ukrainian National Faith, a.k.a. RUNVira or Sylenkoism |
Lev Sylenko |
1960s, mid |
Modern Pagan Slavic Native Faith |
[101]: 130
|
Neo-charismatic movement |
|
1980s, early |
Charismatic Christian Nondenominational Christian |
[36]: 286–87
|
Neo-Hinduism or Reform Hinduism |
|
1830, circa |
Hindu |
[Clarke 2006]: 435–36
|
Néo-Phare |
Arnaud Mussy |
2001 |
Esoteric, apocalyptic |
[123]
|
New Acropolis (Nouvelle Acropole) |
Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi |
1957 |
Neo-Theosophical Western esotericism |
[Clarke 2006]: 441–442 [124]: 217
|
New Apostolic Church |
Heinrich Geyer |
1863 |
Catholic Apostolic Church Unclassified Christian Churches |
[Melton 2003]: 1139 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 205
|
New Kadampa Tradition |
Geshe Kelsang Gyatso |
1970s, mid |
Tibetan Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1112 [125]: 310–311
|
The New Message from God |
Marshall Vian Summers |
1992 |
UFO religion |
[126][127]
|
New Reformed Orthodox Order of the Golden Dawn |
|
1969 |
Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn Witchcraft Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 923 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 207
|
New Thought |
Phineas Parkhurst Quimby |
1800s, mid |
Metaphysical Faith healing |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 258 [Miller 1995]: 325–330 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 208
|
Noahidism |
|
1990s |
Orthodox Judaism-inspired |
[128][129][130]: 115
|
Nuwaubian Nation or United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors
|
Dwight York
|
1967
|
UFO religion, New Age, Christian, Jewish, Black supremacist
|
[131][132]
|
Oahspe Faithists |
John Ballou Newbrough |
1882 |
UFO religion |
[133]
|
Odinism |
Orestes Brownson |
1848 |
Modern Pagan |
[134]
|
Oneida Community |
John Humphrey Noyes |
Perfectionism |
[135]
|
Oneness Movement a.k.a. Oneness University |
Kalki Bhagawan |
1989 |
Indian religions-inspired New Age Neo-Hindu 2012 phenomenon-inspired |
[136]
|
Oomoto |
Nao Deguchi |
1899 |
Japanese Shinto-Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 266 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 216
|
Open Bible Standard Churches |
merger |
1935 |
White Trinitarian Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 454 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 217
|
Opus Dei: 251 |
Saint Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer |
1928 |
Roman Catholic |
[137][138]: 251 [139][140]: 3, 122–123 [Clarke 2006]: 427–428 [28]: 126, 470–71 [141]
|
Order of the Solar Temple |
Joseph Di Mambro, Luc Jouret |
1984 |
Rosicrucian |
[119]: 130 [119]: 125 [119]
|
Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.) |
Carl Kellner; Theodor Reuss |
1895/1906 |
Western esotericism Neo-Hermetism Thelema |
[Clarke 2006]: 430 [Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 270
|
Pentecostal Church of God |
|
1919 |
Pentecostal |
[36][16]: 109 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 225
|
Pentecostalism |
|
1900s |
Charismatic Christian |
[36] [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 224–25
|
People Unlimited, also known as Eternal Flame Foundation, People Forever, and CBJ |
Charles Paul Brown, Bernadeane Brown, James Russell Strole |
1982 |
Immortalism, Christianity |
[Lewis 1998]: 95–96 [142]
|
Peoples Temple |
Jim Jones |
1955 |
Psychic-New Age |
[Melton 2003]: 832 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 226 [143]
|
Philosophical Research Society |
Manly Palmer Hall |
1934 |
Occult |
[Melton 2003]: 849 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 228
|
Pilgrims of Arès |
Michel Potay |
1974 |
|
[144]
|
Plymouth Brethren |
John Nelson Darby |
1830 |
evangelical Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 281 [Chryssides 2001]: 61 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 228–229
|
Potter's House also known as: Christian Fellowship Ministries (CFM), The Door, Victory Chapel, Christian Center, Crossroads Chapel, etc. |
Wayman Mitchell |
1970 |
Pentecostal |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 51–52
|
The Process Church of the Final Judgment |
Mary Ann MacLean and Robert de Grimston |
1963 |
Satanism |
[145]: 329
|
Quiverfull
|
Mary Pride
|
1985
|
Christian Natalism
|
[146]
|
Radha Soami, also Radhasoami Movement or Sant Mat movement |
Shiv Dayal Singh |
1861 |
Sikh-derived or Syncretistic Sikh-Hindu or Sant Mat-inspired |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 344–45, 344–45, 383–84 [Clarke 2006]: 507 [Melton 2003]: 1059, 507–509
|
Radha Soami Satsang Beas |
Baba Jaimal Singh |
1891 |
Sant Mat Radha Soami |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 345 [Melton 2003]: 1059 [Clarke 2006]: 508 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 234
|
Radha Soami Satsang Dayalbagh |
Kamta Prasad Sinha |
1907 |
Radha Soami |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 344–45
|
Raëlism, a.k.a. Raëlian Church |
Claude Vorilhon (Rael) |
1973/1974 |
UFO religion |
[Melton 2003]: 806 [Clarke 2006]: 509–10 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 234
|
Rainbow Family, a.k.a. Rainbow Coalition |
Barry Adams or Jesse Jackson |
1960s, late |
Communal Afro-American |
[Melton 2003]: 732 [Clarke 2006]: 511–12 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 234, 236
|
Rajneesh movement, a.k.a. Osho movement |
Rajneesh Chandra Mohan |
1966 |
Indian religions-inspired Syncretistic |
[Clarke 2006]: 512–14 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 345–46 [Melton 2003]: 1051 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 236, 238
|
Ramakrishna Mission, a.k.a. Ramakrishna movement or Vedanta Society |
Swami Vivekananda |
1897 |
Neo-Hindu Neo-Vedanta |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 314 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 483–84 [Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 382 [147]: 57–58
|
Ramtha's School of Enlightenment |
J.Z. Knight |
1977 |
New Age |
[148][149][150]
|
Rastafari |
Leonard Howell, Joseph Hibbert, Archibald Dunkley, Robert Hinds |
1920s/1935 |
Jewish and Christian-influenced Afro-centric |
[Melton 2003]: 954 [Clarke 2006]: 518–20 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 241,243 [151]
|
Reconstructionist Judaism |
Mordecai Kaplan |
1922 |
Rabbinic Judaism |
[Clarke 2006]: 523–25
|
Reform Judaism, a.k.a. Progressive or Liberal Judaism |
Isaac Harby; Isaac M. Wise; others |
1820s |
[Clarke 2006]: 525–26
|
Reformed Druids of North America |
|
1960s |
Modern Pagan |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 299 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 244
|
Reiki, also Usui Shiko Ryoho System of Healing |
Mikao Usui |
1922 |
Energy medicine Japanese Buddhism |
[Clarke 2006]: 528–529
|
Religious Science |
Ernest Holmes |
1948 |
New Thought |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 301 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 245–246
|
Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism |
Vladimir Megre |
1997 |
Syncretistic Modern Pagan Slavic Native Faith |
[104]: 442
|
Risshō Kōsei Kai |
Nikkyo Niwano, Myoko Naganuma |
1938 |
Nichiren Buddhist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 248 [152]
|
The Rosicrucian Fellowship |
Carl Louis von Grasshof |
1909 |
Rosicrucianism |
[Melton 2003]: 845 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 249
|
Ruhani Satsang, a.k.a. Kirpal Light Satsang |
Kirpal Singh |
1948 |
Radha Soami |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 345 [Clarke 2006]: 508
|
Sacred Name Movement |
Clarence Orvil Dodd |
1930s |
Judeo-Christian (Judaizers) Nontrinitarian Church of God (Seventh-Day) |
[Clarke 2006]: 543 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 251
|
Sadharan Brahmo Samaj |
Anandamohan Bose, Sivanath Sastri, Umesh Chandra Dutta |
1878 |
Brahmoism |
[30]: 43–57
|
Sahaja Yoga |
Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi |
1970 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1029 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 373–74 [153]
|
Saiva Siddhanta Church |
Subramuniy |
1957 |
Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 376–77 [Melton 2003]: 1029 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 251
|
The Salvation Army |
William Booth |
1865 |
Holiness movement |
[Melton 2003]: 419 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 252, 254
|
Saminism, Samin movement: 207–240 |
Samin Surosentiko |
1889 |
Abrahamic religions Indigenist |
[154]: 103 [155]: 207
|
Sant Nirankari Mission |
Baba Buta Singh Ji |
1929, formally 1947 |
Sikh Nirankari |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 313 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 210
|
Santa Muerte Cult |
|
1940s, late (or earlier) [156] |
Syncretic Folk Catholic |
[157]
|
Sathya Sai Baba movement or Sai Baba movement |
Sathya Sai Baba |
1950 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 389–90, 389 [Clarke 2006]: 545–47
|
Santo Daime |
Mestre Irineu |
1930s |
Folk Catholic Spiritism Neoshamanic Entheogen groups |
|
The Satanic Temple |
Lucien Greaves, Malcolm Jarry |
2012 |
Satanic Nontheistic |
[159][160][161][162][163]
|
Science of Identity Foundation (SIF) |
Chris Butler alias Jagad Guru Siddhaswarupananda |
1977 |
Neo-Hindu ISKCON |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 411–12
|
Scientology |
L. Ron Hubbard |
1955 |
UFO-Psychic New Age |
[164][165] [Melton 2003]: 816 [Miller 1995]: 385–392 [28]: 126 [166]
|
Sekta Niebo |
Bogdana Kacmajora |
1990 |
Christian |
[167]
|
Seicho-no-Ie |
Masaharu Taniguchi, Fenwicke Holmes |
1930 |
Japanese Religious Science-Shinto |
[92] [Clarke 2006]: 568–569
|
Self-Realization Fellowship |
Paramahansa Yogananda |
1935 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1031 [Jones & Ryan 2007]: 392–94 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 261
|
Semitic Neopaganism |
Raphael Patai |
1960s |
Modern Pagan Polytheistic reconstructionism Feminism |
[168]
|
Seventh-day Adventist Church |
Ellen G. White; Joseph Bates |
1860 |
Adventist Millerite Seventh-day Sabbatarian |
[Melton 2003]: 621 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 262
|
Seventh-day Adventist Reform Movement |
schism |
1925 |
Seventh-day Adventist |
[Melton 2003]: 622–623 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 262–263
|
Shakers |
Ann Lee |
1750s |
Communal—Before 1960 |
[Melton 2003]: 724 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 263, 265
|
Shengdao, a.k.a. Tongshanshe |
Peng Tairong (Ruzun) |
1900s, early |
Chinese salvationist |
[169]: 685
|
Shepherd's Rod, a.k.a. the Davidians, officially, the Davidian Seventh-day Adventist Association |
Victor T. Houteff |
1935 |
Seventh-day Adventist |
[Melton 2003]: 619 [Lewis 1998]: 189
|
Shiloh Youth Revival Centers |
John J. Higgins, Jr. |
1969 |
Communal—After 1960 |
[Melton 2003]: 734 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 266
|
Shinji Shumeikai, a.k.a. Shumei |
Mihoko Koyama |
1970 |
Church of World Messianity Faith healing |
[92]
|
Shinnyo-en |
Shinjo Ito, Tomoji Ito |
1936 |
Japanese Japanese Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1081 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 266–267
|
Shinreikyo |
Kanichi Otsuka |
1950, circa |
Japanese Shinto Syncretistic |
[Melton 2003]: 1123 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 266
|
Shouters |
Li Changshou |
1965 |
Christianity |
[62]: 45 [62]
|
Shri Ram Chandra Mission |
Shri Ram Chandraji Maharaj |
1945 |
Hindu |
[170]
|
Slavic Native Faith, a.k.a. Rodnovery or Slavic Neopaganism |
Władysław Kołodziej, Jan Stachniuk |
1920–30s |
Modern Pagan Polytheistic reconstructionism |
[101]: 112–127 [171]
|
Slavic-Hill Rodnovery |
Aleksandr Belov |
1980s |
Modern Pagan Slavic Native Faith |
[171]: 39
|
Soka Gakkai International |
Tsunesaburo Makiguchi |
1930 |
Japanese Nichiren Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1082 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 271 [172]
|
Spiritualism |
Kate and Margaret Fox |
1848 |
Psychic-Mediumship Metaphysical |
[Miller 1995]: 331–338 [173]: 248
|
Subud (Susila Budhi Dharma) |
Muhammed Subuh |
1933 |
Kejawèn neo-Sufism |
[Clarke 2006]: 607–608 [Miller 1995]: 267–274 [154]: 101 [Melton 2003]: 981 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 279
|
Sufi Ruhaniat International |
Samuel L. Lewis |
1968 |
neo-Sufism |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 342 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 279
|
Sukyo Mahikari |
Sekiguchi Sakae |
1978 |
Japanese Mahikari Syncretistic |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 344 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 281
|
Summum |
Claude Rex Nowell |
1975 |
Unclassified Christian |
[Melton 2003]: 1141 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 281
|
Sun Dance |
|
1890 |
Native American Indigenist |
|
Syntheism |
Alexander Bard |
2012 |
Pantheist Humanist Netocratic |
[174]
|
Tenrikyo |
Miki Nakayama |
1838 |
Japanese Shinto |
[Melton 2003]: 1124 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 287–288
|
Tensegrity |
Carlos Castaneda |
1995 |
Neoshamanism New Age |
[50] [Clarke 2006]: 581
|
Terasem |
Martine Rothblatt |
2004 |
Transhumanism |
[175]
|
Thelema, a.k.a. the A∴A∴ order |
Aleister Crowley |
1900s, early |
Occult neo-Hermetism Western esotericism |
[13]: 41–42
|
Theosophy or Theosophical Society, a.k.a. 1882 as Theosophical Society Adyar |
Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge |
1875 |
Occult Eastern and Western esotericism |
[13]: 40–41 [176] [Clarke 2006]: 624–625 [Miller 1995]: 315–324 [176]
|
Theosophical Society Pasadena |
William Quan Judge |
1895 |
Theosophical |
[176]: blz. 427 [Miller 1995]: 315–324
|
Tolstoyan primitivism |
Leo Tolstoy |
1901 |
Christian anarchism Pacifism |
[177]: 672 [177]: 672
|
Toronto Blessing |
Randy Clark |
1994 |
Neo-charismatic |
[10]: 122–123
|
Transcendental Meditation (TM) |
Maharishi Mahesh Yogi |
1958 |
Neo-Hindu-inspired |
[Melton 2003]: 1045 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 292–293, 295–296
|
Triratna Buddhist Community (formerly Friends of the Western Buddhist Order) |
Sangharakshita (Dennis Lingwood) |
1967 |
Neo-Buddhism |
[179]
|
True Buddha School |
Lu Sheng-yen |
1980s, late |
Tibetan Buddhism Taoism |
[180]
|
True Russian Orthodox Church |
Pyotr Kuznetsov |
2007 |
Russian Orthodoxy Apocalypticism |
[181]
|
Twelve Tribes |
Gene and Marsha Spriggs |
1972 |
Messianic Jewish Communal—After 1960 |
[Melton 2003]: 737 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 212, 334–335
|
Two by Twos, a.k.a. Cooneyites, Christian Conventions, the Workers and Friends, the Truth, etc. |
|
1897 |
Independent fundamentalist family |
[Melton 2003]: 611 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 298 [Chryssides 2001]: 330 [182]
|
Umbanda |
Zélio Fernandino de Moraes |
1920 |
Spiritism |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 299 [183]
|
Unarius Academy of Science |
Ernest Norman, Ruth Norman |
1954 |
UFO Religion |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 300, 302–303
|
União do Vegetal |
Mestre Gabriel |
1961 |
Spiritism Neoshamanic Entheogen groups |
|
Unification Church, a.k.a. the Moonies |
Sun Myung Moon |
1954 |
Syncretistic Christian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 365 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 300, 302–303
|
Unitarian Universalism |
consolidation |
1961 |
Unitarian Universalism |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 308–310 [Chryssides 2006]: 335
|
United Holy Church of America |
Isaac Cheshier |
1900 |
Black Trinitarian Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 487 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 304
|
United House of Prayer for All People |
Marcelino Manoel de Graca |
1925 |
African American Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 371 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 304–305
|
United Israel World Union |
David Horowitz |
1944 |
Other Jewish Groups |
[Melton 2003]: 959 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 305
|
United Lodge of Theosophists |
Robert Crosbie |
1909 |
Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 855 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 305
|
United Pentecostal Church International |
merger |
1945 |
Apostolic Pentecostals |
[Melton 2003]: 476 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 287–306
|
Unity Church |
Charles Fillmore and Myrtle Fillmore |
1889/1903 |
New Thought-Christian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 373 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 306–307
|
Universal Great Brotherhood |
Serge Raynaud de la Ferriere |
1940s, late |
Other Theosophical Groups |
[Melton 2003]: 883 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 310
|
Universal Life Church |
Kirby Hensley |
1962 |
Liberal Family |
[Melton 2003]: 680 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 311
|
Universal White Brotherhood |
Peter Deunov |
1900 |
Other Theosophical Groups Esoteric Christianity |
[Melton 2003]: 880 [184]
|
Urantia Foundation |
William S. Sadler |
1934 |
UFO religion Psychic New Age Christian occultist |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 319–322 [Melton 2003]: 839 [Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 380
|
Vajradhatu |
Chögyam Trungpa |
1973 |
Tibetan Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1115 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 313
|
Vale do Amanhecer |
Tia Neiva |
1959 |
Spiritualism |
[185]
|
Volunteers of America |
Ballington Booth, Maud Booth |
1896 |
Holiness |
[Melton 2003]: 420 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 316
|
Washat Dreamers Religion |
Smohalla |
1850 |
Native American Indigenist |
|
The Way International |
Victor Paul Wierwille |
1942 |
Independent fundamentalist family |
[Melton 2003]: 608 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 318
|
The Way of the Livingness (Universal Medicine) |
Serge Benhayon |
1999 |
Neo-Theosophical and/or "Socially harmful cult". |
[186][187][188]
|
White Eagle Lodge |
Lady Elizabeth Carey |
1943 |
Other Theosophical Groups |
[Melton 2003]: 884 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 319
|
Wicca |
Gerald Gardner |
1949, circa |
Modern Pagan Neopagan witchcraft Occult |
[13]: 55 [Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 338 [Miller 1995]: 339–346
|
Wotansvolk |
David Lane |
1990s |
neo-völkisch paganism |
[189]
|
The Word Foundation |
Harold W. Percival |
1904, circa |
Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 856 [Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 320
|
World Peace and Unification Sanctuary Church |
Hyung Jin Moon, Yeon Ah Lee Moon |
2015 |
Unification Church-based ultra-Orthodox/Fundamentalism |
[190][191]
|
Yiguandao |
Wang Jueyi; Chang Thien Ran |
1800s, late |
Chinese salvationist-Millenarian |
[169]: 702–703 [Clarke 2006]
|