That is, recreational beach with an extensive stretch of fine sand of gradual slope, where beach swimming, sunbathing, and surfing are regularly practiced.[641][642] The remote Norwegian resort town of Grense Jakobselv, on the Barents Sea at the Norwegian-Russian border 69°46′30″N30°49′52″E / 69.77500°N 30.83111°E / 69.77500; 30.83111, also has an extensive sand beach of gradual slope (the Lungomare), but the air and water are cold even in summer, and traditional southern-beach activities are much less common.[643]
^Bjarne Grønnow, Jens Fog Jensen: The Northernmost Ruins of the Globe. Eigil Knuth’s Archaeological Investigations in Peary Land and Adjacent Areas of High Arctic Greenland (= Man & Society. Vol. 29). Museum Tusculanums Forlag, Københavns Universitet, Copenhagen 2003, ISBN978-87-635-3065-1 pp. 56-119
^Rosenthal, Elisabeth (March 3, 2008). "A Speck of Sunlight Is a Town's Yearly Alarm Clock". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-16. ("this remote Arctic settlement — which bills itself as the northernmost town in the world ... The 2,000 inhabitants of Longyearbyen...")
^Januszczak, Waldemar (January 20, 2008). "Darker than it looks". The Times. London. Archived from the original on June 17, 2011. Retrieved 2010-04-16. ("Norilsk, in Siberia, is the northernmost city on the planet, and one of only two cities, the other being Yakutsk, in the permafrost zone inside the Arctic Circle.")
^Jorma Mänty, & Norman Pressman. Cities designed for winter p.295 (1988) (ISBN978-9516821675) ("Norilsk, the northernmost city in the world of over 100000 population")
^"Land Farthest North Is Kaffeklubben Island". The New York Times. June 15, 1969. Retrieved 2010-03-17. ("Cartographers in north Greenland have found that Kaffeklubben Island is farther north than any previously known point of land.")
^ ab"Norwegian outpost mix of books, booze". Reading Eagle. March 9, 1999. Retrieved 2010-03-16. (regarding Tromsø, "this small Norwegian city has the most northerly university in the world, the most northerly cathedral and the most northerly botanical gardens.")
^Andrea, Alfred J.; McGeough, Kevin; Mierse, William; Aldenderfer, Mark; Neel, Carolyn (2011). World History Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, California – Denver, Colorado, Oxford, England: ABC-Clio. p. 217. ISBN978-1-85109-929-0. Retrieved 2017-02-20.
^VORES HOTELLER I HONNINGSVÅG (the reference shows ice-free and a fishing port, but not that it is northernmost, but it is further north than Sisimiut which is claimed to be northernmost)
^"Backpacker". Backpacker. Gear Guide. Active Interest Media, Inc.: 60 March 2009. ISSN0277-867X. Retrieved 2017-04-10.
^BergnäsbronArchived 2017-07-30 at the Wayback Machine (the reference shows it's moveable and its latitude, but not that it is northernmost, but it is further north than Arkhangelsk which is claimed to be northernmost)
^Gray, William (March 14, 2001). "Svalbard: To the back of beyond". Telegraph. London. Retrieved 2010-08-03. Nearby, at the polar research community of Ny-Alesund... cruise ship passengers scuttling ashore to mail cards from the world's most northerly post office.
^Wessel, Ben (August 26, 2008). "Svalbard, Norway". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2010-08-01. Longyearbyen is the world's northernmost town and boasts many other superlatives, such as the world's northernmost ATM...
^Ingebrigtsen, T; Romner, B; Solberg, T; Nygaard, ØP (2003). "Neurosurgery at the University Hospital of North Norway: the history of the northernmost neurosurgical department in the world". Neurosurgery. 53 (3): 731–40, discussion 740–2. doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000080063.52488.1b. PMID12943589. S2CID9561609.