This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2024) |
This is a list of revolutions, rebellions, insurrections, and uprisings.
Date | Revolution/Rebellion | Location | Revolutionaries/Rebels | Result | Image | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
c. 2730 BCE | Set rebellion | Egypt | Priests of Horus | Egypt divides into Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt | [1] | |
c. 2690 BC | Nubian revolt | Egypt | Nubians | Pharaoh Khasekhemwy quashed the rebellion, reuniting Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt | [2] | |
c. 2380 BC | Sumerian revolt | Lagash, Sumer | Sumerians | The popular revolt deposed King Lugalanda and put the reformer Urukagina on the throne. | [3] | |
1042–1039 BC | Rebellion of the Three Guards | China | Three Guards, separatists and Shang loyalists | Decisive Zhou loyalist victory, Fengjian system established, Resistance of Shang loyalists is broken. | [4] | |
842 BC | Compatriots Rebellion | China | Peasants and soldiers | King Li of Zhou was exiled and China was ruled by the Gonghe Regency until Li's death. | [5][6] | |
626–620 BC | Revolt of Babylon | Neo-Assyrian Empire | Babylonians, led by Nabopolassar | The Babylonians overthrew Assyrian rule, establishing the Neo-Babylonian Empire, which ruled over the Near East for about a century. | [7] | |
570 BC | Amasis revolt | Egypt | Egyptian soldiers | Pharaoh Apries was overthrown and exiled, giving Amasis II the opportunity to seize the throne. Apries later attempted to retake Egypt, with Babylonian support, but was defeated and killed. | [8] | |
552–550 BC | Persian Revolt | Persis, Media | Persians, led by Cyrus the Great | Median rule overthrown, Persis and Media become part of the new Achaemenid Empire | ||
531 BC | Phoenician revolt of 351 | Phoenicia | Tennes of Sidon, followed by rulers of Anatolia and Cyprus | Destruction of Sidon, execution of Tennes, and invasion of Egypt. | [9][10] | |
522 BC | Anti-Achaemeneid Rebellions | Achaemenid Empire | Assyrians, Babylonians, Egyptians, Elamites, Medians and Parthians | Darius the Great quashes all the rebellions within the space of a year. | [11] | |
510–509 BC | Roman Revolution | Rome | Republicans | The Roman monarchy was overthrown and in its place the Roman Republic was established. | [12] | |
508–507 BC | Athenian Revolution | Athens | Democrats | The Tyrant Hippias was deposed and the subsequent aristocratic oligarchy overthrown, establishing Democracy in Athens. | [13] | |
499–493 BC | Ionian Revolt | Ionia, Achaemenid Empire | Greeks | The Achaemenid Empire asserts its rule over the city states of Ionia. | [14] | |
494 BC | First secessio plebis | Roman Republic | Plebeians | Patricians freed some of the plebs from their debts and conceded some of their power by creating the office of the Tribune of the Plebs. | [15] | |
484 BC | Bel-shimanni's rebellion | Babylon, Achaemenid Empire | Babylonians | Rebellion quickly defeated by Xerxes I. | [16] | |
482–481 BC | Shamash-eriba's rebellion | Babylon, Achaemenid Empire | Babylonians | Rebellion eventually defeated by Xerxes I, Babylon's fortifications were destroyed and its temples were ransacked. | [16] | |
464 BC | Third Messenian War | Sparta | Messenian Helots | Slave revolt put down by Archidamus II, who called Sparta to arms in the wake of an earthquake. | [17] | |
460–454 BC | Inaros' revolt | Egypt, Achaemenid Empire | Inaros II and his Athenian allies | Defeated by the Persian army led by Megabyzus and Artabazus, after a two-year siege. Inaros was captured and carried away to Susa where he was crucified. | [18][19] | |
449 BC | Second Secessio plebis | Roman Republic | Plebeians | The Senate forced the resignation of the Decemviri and restored both the office of Tribune of the Plebs and the right of appeal, which were suspended during the rule of the Decemvir. | [20][21] | |
445 BC | Third Secessio plebis | Roman Republic | Plebeians | Intermarriage between Patricians and Plebeians was legalized and the position of Consular Tribune (a Tribune of the Plebs elected with the powers of a consul) was created. | [22][23] | |
342 BC | Fourth Secessio plebis | Roman Republic | Plebeians | [22] | ||
287 BC | Fifth Secessio plebis | Roman Republic | Plebeians | The Lex Hortensia was implemented, establishing that the laws decided by the Plebeian Council were made binding on all Roman citizens, including patricians. This law finally eliminated the political disparity between the two classes, bringing the Conflict of Orders to an end after about two hundred years of struggle. | [24] | |
241 BC | Revolt of the Falisci | Roman Republic | Falisci | The Falisci were defeated and subjugated to Roman dominance, the town of Falerii was destroyed. | [25] | |
209 BC | Dazexiang uprising | China | Villagers led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang | The uprising was put down by Qin forces, Chen and Wu were assassinated by their own men. | [26] | |
206 BC | Liu Bang's Insurrection | China | Han forces | The Qin dynasty is overthrown in a popular revolt and after a period of contention, Liu Bang is crowned Emperor of the Han dynasty. | ||
205–185 BC | Great revolt of the Egyptians | Egypt, Ptolemaic Kingdom | Egyptians, led by Hugronaphor and Ankhmakis | Revolt put down by the Ptolemaic Kingdom, cementing Greek rule over Egypt. | [27] | |
181–179 BC | First Celtiberian War | Hispania, Roman Republic | Celtiberians | Revolt eventually subdued by the Romans. | [28] | |
167–160 BC | Maccabean Revolt | Judea, Coele-Syria, Seleucid Empire | Maccabees, led by Judas Maccabeus | Sovereignty of Judea is secured, eventually the independent Hasmonean dynasty is established. | [29] | |
154 BC | Rebellion of the Seven States | China | Principalities led by Liu Pi | Rebellion crushed after 3 months, further centralization of imperial power. | [30] | |
154–151 BC | Second Celtiberian War | Hispania, Roman Republic | Celtiberians | Rome increased its influence in Celtiberia | [31] | |
143–133 BC | Numantine War | Hispania, Roman Republic | Celtiberians | Expansion of the Roman territory through Celtiberia. | [32] | |
155–139 BC | Lusitanian War | Lusitania, Roman Republic | Lusitanians, led by Viriatus. | Pacification of Lusitania | [33] | |
135–132 BC | First Servile War | Sicily, Roman Republic | Sicilian slaves, led by Eunus | After some minor battles won by the slaves, a larger Roman army arrived in Sicily and defeated the rebels. | [34] | |
125 BC | Fregellae's revolt | Fregellae, Roman Republic | Fregellaeans | Fregellae was captured and destroyed by Lucius Opimius | [35] | |
104–100 BC | Second Servile War | Sicily, Roman Republic | Sicilian slaves, led by Salvius Tryphon | The revolt was quelled, and 1,000 slaves who surrendered were sent to fight against beasts in the arena back at Rome for the amusement of the populace. To spite the Romans, they refused to fight and killed each other quietly with their swords, until the last flung himself on his own blade. | [36] | |
91–88 BC | Social War | Italy, Roman Republic | Italic peoples | Eventually resulted in a Roman victory. However, Rome granted Roman citizenship to all of its Italian allies, to avoid another costly war. | [37] | |
88 BC | Sulla's first march on Rome | Italy, Roman Republic | Populares | The Optimates were victorious and Sulla briefly took power in Rome. | [38] | |
82–81 BC | Sulla's civil war | Italy, Roman Republic | Populares | The Optimates were once again victorious and Sulla established himself as Dictator of Rome. | [39] | |
80–71 BC | Sertorian War | Hispania, Roman Republic | Populares | The war ended after the Populares leader Quintus Sertorius was assassinated by Marcus Perperna Vento, who was then promptly defeated by Pompey. | [40] | |
77 BC | Lepidus' rebellion | Italy, Roman Republic | Populares | Lepidus was defeated in battle and died from illness, other Populares fled to Spain to fight in the Sertorian War. | [41] | |
73–71 BC | Third Servile War | Italy, Roman Republic | Gladiators, led by Spartacus | The armies of Spartacus were defeated by the legions of Marcus Licinius Crassus. | [42][43] | |
65 BC | First Catilinarian conspiracy | Rome, Roman Republic | Catiline | Lucius Aurelius Cotta and Lucius Manlius Torquatus remain in power as consuls. | [44] | |
62 BC | Second Catilinarian conspiracy | Rome, Roman Republic | Catiline | The plot was exposed, forcing Catiline to flee from Rome. Marcus Tullius Cicero and Gaius Antonius Hybrida remain in power as consuls. | [45] | |
52–51 BC | Gallic Wars | Gaul | Gauls, led by Vercingetorix | The Gallic revolt was crushed by Julius Caesar | [46] | |
49–45 BC | Great Roman Civil War | Roman Republic | Populares, led by Julius Caesar | Caesar defeated the Optimates, assumed control of the Roman Republic and became Dictator in perpetuity. | [47] | |
38 BC | Aquitanian revolt | Gallia Narbonensis, Roman Republic | Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa | Revolt suppressed by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. | [48] | |
29 BC | Theban revolt | Thebes, Egypt, Roman Republic | Egyptians | Revolt suppressed by Cornelius Gallus | [49] |
Date | Revolution/Rebellion | Location | Revolutionaries/Rebels | Result | Image | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3–6 | Gaetulian War | Mauretania, Roman Empire | Gaetuli | Revolt suppressed by Cossus Cornelius Lentulus | [50] | |
6 | Judas Uprising | Judea, Roman Empire | Zealots led by Judas of Galilee | Riots against the Roman census erupt throughout the country, but others are convinced by the High Priest of Israel to obey the census. | [51] | |
6–9 | Bellum Batonianum | Illyricum, Roman Empire | Illyrian tribes | Revolt eventually suppressed by the Romans. | [52] | |
9–16 | Germanic revolt | Germania | Alliance of Germanic tribes, led by Arminius | The Roman legions led by Publius Quinctilius Varus were defeated in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, temporarily halting further Roman occupation and colonization. | [53] | |
14 | Mutiny of the legions | Germania and Illyricum, Roman Empire | Roman legions | Revolt suppressed by Germanicus and Drusus Julius Caesar respectively | [54] | |
15–24 | Tacfarinas' revolt' | Mauretania, Roman Empire | Musulamii | Revolt suppressed by Publius Cornelius Dolabella | [55] | |
17–23 | First Red Eyebrow Rebellion | China | Red Eyebrow and Lulin rebels | Xin dynasty overthrown and the Gengshi Emperor is instated on the throne. | [56][57] | |
24–27 | Second Red Eyebrow Rebellion | China | Red Eyebrow rebels | Revolt suppressed by Liu Xiu's forces and the Eastern Han dynasty is established. | [58][59] | |
21 | Gaulish debtors' revolt | Gaul, Roman Empire | Treveri and Aedui | The Treveri revolt was put down by Julius Indus and the Aedui revolt was put down by Gaius Silius. | [60] | |
26 | Thracian revolt | Odrysian kingdom | Thracians | Revolt suppressed by Gaius Poppaeus Sabinus. | [61] | |
28 | Revolt of the Frisii | Frisia | Frisii | The Roman Empire is driven out of Frisia. | [62] | |
36 | Revolt of the Cietae | Cappadocia, Roman Empire | Cietae | Rebellion put down by Archelaus of Cilicia. | [63] | |
40–43 | Trung sisters' rebellion | Lĩnh Nam | Vietnamese led by the Trung Sisters | After brief end to the First Chinese domination of Vietnam, the Han dynasty reconquers the country and begins the Second Chinese domination of Vietnam. | [64] | |
40–44 | Mauretanian revolt | Mauretania, Roman Empire | Mauri led by Aedemon and Sabalus | Revolt suppressed by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus and Gnaeus Hosidius Geta, Mauretania is annexed directly into the empire and split into the Roman provinces of Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis. | [65] | |
42 | Camillus' revolt | Dalmatia, Roman Empire | Roman legions led by Lucius Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus | Rebellion quickly collapses, Camillus flees to Vis where he takes his own life. | [66] | |
46–48 | Jacob and Simon uprising | Galilee, Judea, Roman Empire | Zealots | Revolt suppressed, Jacob and Simon executed by Tiberius Julius Alexander. | [67] | |
60–61 | Boudican revolt | Norfolk, Britain, Roman Empire | Celtic Britons led by Boudica | Revolt crushed by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus. | [68] | |
66–73 | First Jewish–Roman War | Judea | Jewish people | Revolt crushed by the Roman Empire, Jerusalem and the Second Temple are destroyed in the process. | [69] | |
68 | Vindex's Revolt | Gallia Lugdunensis, Roman Empire | Gaius Julius Vindex | Vindex was defeated in battle by Lucius Verginius Rufus and committed suicide. | [70] | |
69 | Colchis uprising | Colchis, Roman Empire | Anicetus | Uprising put down by Roman forces. | [71] | |
69–70 | Revolt of the Batavi | Batavia | Batavi | Revolt crushed by Quintus Petillius Cerialis and the Batavi again submitted to Roman rule, Batavia is incorporated into the Roman province of Germania Inferior. | [72] | |
89 | Revolt of Saturninus | Germania Superior, Roman Empire | Lucius Antonius Saturninus | Revolt swiftly crushed by the Roman legions. | [73] | |
115–117 | Kitos War | Eastern Mediterranean, Roman Empire | Zealots | Revolt crushed by the Roman legions and its leaders executed. | [74] | |
117 | Mauretanian revolt | Mauretania, Roman Empire | Mauri | Revolt suppressed by Marcius Turbo | ||
132–135 | Bar Kokhba revolt | Judea, Roman Empire | Jewish people led by Simon bar Kokhba | All-out defeat of the Jewish rebels, followed by wide-scale persecution and genocide of Jewish people and the suppression of Jewish religious and political autonomy. | [75] | |
172 | Bucolic war | Egypt, Roman Empire | Egyptians led by Isidorus | Revolt suppressed by Avidius Cassius | [76] | |
184–205 | Yellow Turban Rebellion | China | Yellow Turban Army led by Zhang Jue | The uprising eventually collapsed and was fully suppressed by various warlords of the Eastern Han dynasty. However, the large devolution of power to regional warlords led to the collapse of the Han dynasty not long after. | [77] | |
185–205 | Heishan secession | Taihang Mountain, China | Heishan bandits | The autonomous confederacy eventually surrendered to the warlord Cao Cao. | [78] | |
185 | Roman mutiny | Britain, Roman Empire | Roman legions | Mutiny suppressed by Pertinax. | [79] | |
218 | Battle of Antioch | Antioch, Syria, Roman Empire | Elagabalus | Elagabalus overthrows Macrinus and is installed as Roman Emperor. | [80] | |
225–248 | Lady Triệu's uprising | Vietnam | Vietnamese led by Lady Triệu | After several months of warfare Lady Triệu was defeated and committed suicide. The Second Chinese domination of Vietnam continues. | [81] | |
227–228 | Xincheng Rebellion | Cao Wei, China | Meng Da | The revolt was suppressed by Sima Yi, Meng Da was captured and executed. | [82] | |
251 | Wang Ling's Rebellion | Shouchon, Cao Wei, China | Wang Ling | Wang Ling surrendered to the Wei forces and later committed suicide. | [83] | |
255 | Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin's Rebellion | Shouchon, Cao Wei, China | Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin | Cao Wei is victorious, Guanqiu Jian is slain, Wen Qin and his family fled to Eastern Wu. | [83] | |
257–258 | Zhuge Dan's Rebellion | Shouchon, Cao Wei, China | Zhuge Dan | Cao Wei is victorious and the Sima clan cements control over the Wei government until its eventual demise. | [83] | |
284–286 | Gallic peasants' rebellion | Gaul, Roman Empire | Bagaudae | Rebellion crushed by Caesar Maximian, though the Bagaudae movement would persist until the Fall of the Western Roman Empire. | [84] | |
286–296 | Carausian Revolt | Britain and northern Gaul, Roman Empire | Carausius and Allectus | Revolt suppressed, Britain and Gaul retaken. | [85] | |
291–306 | War of the Eight Princes | China | Princes of the Sima clan | Sima Yue wins the war and gains influence over the Jin emperor, but Jin authority in northern China severely weakened. | [86] | |
304–316 | Uprising of the Five Barbarians | North and Southwest China | Five Barbarians (Han-Zhao and Cheng-Han) | Han-Zhao victory in northern China; Cheng-Han victory in southwestern China; Fall of the Western Jin dynasty in northern China; Formation of the Eastern Jin dynasty in southern China. | [87] | |
293 | Revolt of the Thebaid | Thebaid, Roman Empire | Busiris and Qift | Revolt suppressed by Galerius. | [88] | |
351–352 | Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus | Syria Palaestina, Roman Empire | Jewish people | The Romans crush the revolt and destroy several Jewish cities. | [89] | |
398 | Gildonic War | Africa, Western Roman Empire | Comes Gildo | The revolt was subdued by Flavius Stilicho. | [90] | |
484 | Justa uprising | Samaria, Byzantine Empire | Samaritans | Uprising suppressed by Zeno, who rebuilt the church of Saint Procopius in Neapolis and banned the Samaritans from Mount Gerizim. | [91] | |
495 | Samaritan unrest | Samaria, Byzantine Empire | Samaritans | Uprising suppressed by the Byzantines. | [91] | |
496 | Mazdak's Revolt | Sasanian Empire | Mazdakites | Mazdak successfully converted Kavadh I, before the latter was overthrown by the nobility and the former was executed. | [92] | |
529–531 | Ben Sabar Revolt | Samaria, Byzantine Empire | Samaritans led by Julianus ben Sabar | The forces of Justinian I quelled the revolt with the help of the Ghassanids; tens of thousands of Samaritans died or were enslaved. The Christian Byzantine Empire thereafter outlawed the Samaritan faith. | [91] | |
532 | Nika revolt | Constantinople, Byzantine Empire | Blue and Green demes | Revolt suppressed, its participants killed and Justinian I's rule over the Byzantine empire is strengthened. | [93] | |
541 | Vietnamese uprising | Vạn Xuân | Vietnamese led by Lý Nam Đế | The Second Chinese domination of Vietnam is brought to an end, the country declares itself independent as the Kingdom of Vạn Xuân and crowns Lý Nam Đế as the first king of the Early Lý dynasty. | [94] | |
556 | Samaritan revolt | Samaria, Byzantine Empire | Samaritans and Jewish people | Amantius, the governor of the East was ordered to quell the revolt. | [91] | |
572–578 | Samaritan revolt | Samaria, Byzantine Empire | Samaritans and Jewish people | Revolt suppressed, the Samaritan faith was outlawed and from a population of nearly a million, the Samaritan community dwindled to near extinction. | [91] | |
608–610 | Heraclian revolt | Exarchate of Africa, Byzantine Empire | Heraclius the Elder | Phocas executed and Heraclius the Younger is installed as Byzantine Emperor, establishing the Heraclian dynasty. | [95] | |
611–617 | Anti-Sui rebellions | China | Former Sui officials and peasant rebels | The Sui dynasty is overthrown, followed by the rise of rebel leader Li Yuan, founder of the Tang dynasty. | [96] | |
614–625 | Jewish revolt against Heraclius | Palaestina Prima, Byzantine Empire | Jewish people | After Palestine was retaken by the Byzantines, Jewish people were massacred and expelled from the region. | [97] | |
623–626 | Slavic revolt | Avar Khaganate | Slavs led by Samo | Avar rule overthrown, Slavic tribes in the area unify to form Samo's Empire. | [98] | |
632–633 | Ridda wars | Arabia, Rashidun Caliphate | Arab tribes | Rebels forced to submit to the caliphate of Abu Bakr. | [99] | |
656–661 | First Fitna | Rashidun Caliphate | Umayyads | Hasan ibn Ali negotiates a treaty acknowledging Mu'awiya I as caliph, establishing the Umayyad Caliphate. | [100] | |
680–692 | Second Fitna | Umayyad Caliphate | Zubayrids, Alids and Kharijites | The Umayyad Caliphate increases its own power, restructuring the army and Arabizing and Islamizing the state bureaucracy. | [101] | |
696–698 | Sufri revolt | Central Iraq, Umayyad Caliphate | Sufri led by Shabib ibn Yazid al-Shaybani | Defeated by the caliphate, although Sufrism continued to be practiced in Mosul. | [102] | |
700–703 | Ibn al-Ash'ath's rebellion | Iraq, Umayyad Caliphate | Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath | Revolt suppressed by the caliphate, signalling the end of the power of the tribal nobility of Iraq, which henceforth came under the direct control of the Umayyad regime's staunchly loyal Syrian troops. | [103] | |
720–729 | Yazid's mutiny | Basra, Umayyad Caliphate | Yazid ibn al-Muhallab | Revolt suppressed by the caliphate. | [104] | |
713–722 | Annam uprising | Vietnam | Vietnamese led by Mai Thúc Loan | The independent kingdom was put down by a military campaign at the order of the Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, continuing the Third Chinese domination of Vietnam | [105] | |
734–746 | Harith's rebellion | Khurasan, Umayyad Caliphate | Al-Harith ibn Surayj | Harith is killed and the rebellion crushed, although the revolt weakened Arab power in Central Asia and facilitated the beginning of the Abbasid Revolution. | [106] | |
740 | Zaidi Revolt | Kufa, Umayyad Caliphate | Zayd ibn Ali | The Umayyad governor of Iraq managed to bribe the inhabitants of Kufa which allowed him to break the insurgence, killing Zayd in the process | [107] | |
740–743 | Berber Revolt | Maghreb, Umayyad Caliphate | Berbers led by Maysara al-Matghari | Umayyads expelled from the Maghreb and several independent Berber states are established in the area. | [108] | |
744–747 | Third Fitna | Umayyad Caliphate | Pro-Yaman Umayyads, Alids led by Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya, Kharijites led by Al-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Shaybani | Victory of Marwan II and the pro-Qays faction in the inter-Umayyad civil war and anti-Umayyad revolts crushed, although Umayyad authority was now permanently weakened. | [109] | |
747–748 | Ibadi revolt | South Arabia, Umayyad Caliphate | Ibadis | Umayyad victory in the Hijaz and the Yemen; though Ibadi autonomy is secured in Hadramawt. | [110] | |
747–750 | Abbasid Revolution | Umayyad Caliphate | Abbasids | Abbasid Caliphate established, bringing an end to the privileged status for Arabs and discrimination against non-Arabs. | [106] | |
752–760 | Mardaite revolts | Mount Lebanon and Abbasid Caliphate | Lebanese Christians and Byzantine Empire | Christian inhabitants of parts of interior and coastal Lebanon expelled and replaced with Arab tribes. | [111] | |
754 | Abdallah's rebellion | Syria, Abbasid Caliphate | Abdallah ibn Ali | Abdallah's army is defeated by Abu Muslim. | [112] | |
755 | Córdoban revolution | Almuñécar, al-Andalus, Abbasid Caliphate | Umayyads led by Abd al-Rahman I | Umayyads take control of al-Andalus, establishing the Emirate of Córdoba. | [113] | |
755–763 | An Lushan Rebellion | Yan, China | An Lushan | Yan defeated by the Tang imperial forces, although the Tang dynasty was weakened. | [114] | |
762–763 | Alid Revolt | Hejaz and Southern Iraq, Abbasid Caliphate | Alids led by Muhammad ibn Abdallah | Revolt suppressed by the caliphate, followed by a large-scaled reprisal campaign against the Alids. | [115] | |
772–804 | Saxon Wars | Saxony | Saxons | Saxony is annexed into the Frankish empire and the Saxons are forcibly converted from Germanic paganism to Catholicism. | [116] | |
786 | Alid revolt | Mecca, Hejaz, Abbasid Caliphate | Alids | Revolt crushed by the Abbasid army and members of the Alid house are executed. One of the Alids, Idris ibn Abdallah, fled the battlefield to the Maghreb, where he established the Idrisid dynasty. | [117] | |
791–802 | Phùng rebellion | Vietnam | Vietnamese led by Phùng Hưng | Briefly ruled the country before the Third Chinese domination of Vietnam is reestablished. | [118] | |
793–796 | Qays–Yaman war | Syria, Abbasid Caliphate | Qays | Revolt crushed by the Abbasids and their Yamani allies. | [119] | |
794–795 | Al-Walid's rebellion | Jazira, Abbasid Caliphate | Kharijites led by Al-Walid ibn Tarif al-Shaybani | Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani met the rebels in battle in late 795, at al-Haditha above Hit, and defeated al-Walid in single combat, killing him and cutting off his head. Yazid also killed a large number of the Kharijites and forced the remainder to disperse, and the revolt ended in defeat. | [120] | |
811–838 | Fourth Fitna | Abbasid Caliphate | Alids led by Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, Qays led by Nasr ibn Shabath al-Uqayli and Khurramites led by Babak Khorramdin | Al-Ma'mun takes power as Caliph, al-Sadiq is forced into exile, Qays territory is lost and Nasr surrenders to the caliphate, Babak is executed and the Tahirids begin their reign over Khorasan | [121] | |
814 | al-Ribad rebellion | Guadalquivir, Emirate of Córdoba | Clerics in al-Ribad | Rebellion crushed at Al-Hakam I | [122] | |
821–823 | Thomas the Slav's rebellion | Anatolia, Byzantine Empire | Thomas the Slav | Thomas is surrendered and executed by the Byzantines | [123] | |
824–836 | Tunisian mutiny | Tunisia, Ifriqiya, Abbasid Caliphate | Arabs | Aghlabids put down the revolt with the help of the Berbers | [124] | |
822 | Aristocratic rebellion | Silla | Aristocrats led by Kim Hŏn-ch'ang | The royal faction was able to regain much of the territory that Kim Hŏn-ch'ang's forces had taken. After the fall of Gongju, Kim Hŏn-ch'ang took his own life. | ||
841–842 | Umayyad rebellion | Palestine, Abbasid Caliphate | Umayyads led by Al-Mubarqa | Al-Hidari defeated al-Mubarqa's forces in a battle near Ramlah, al-Mubarqa taken prisoner and brought to the caliphal capital, Samarra, where he was thrown into prison and never heard of again. | [125] | |
841–845 | Stellinga | Saxony, Carolingian Empire | Saxon freemen and freedmen | Revolt crushed by the Carolingians and their allies in the Saxon nobility. | [126] | |
845–846 | Jang Bogo's mutiny | Silla | Jang Bogo | Jang Bogo assassinated by an emissary from the Silla court. | [127] | |
859–860 | Qiu's rebellion | Zhejiang, China | Peasants led by Qiu Fu | Rebellion was suppressed by the imperial general Wang Shi. | [128] | |
861–876 | Saffarid revolution | Sistan, Khorasan, Abbasid Caliphate | Saffarids led by Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar | al-Saffar overthrows Abbasid rule over Iran and establishes the Saffarid dynasty. | [129] | |
864 | Alid uprising | Iraq, Abbasid Caliphate | Alids led by Yahya ibn Umar | The Alids attacked Al-Musta'in's forces, but were defeated and fled, Umar was subsequently executed. | [130] | |
865–866 | Fifth Fitna | Iraq, Abbasid Caliphate | Al-Mu'tazz | Al-Musta'in deposed as Caliph and succeeded by Al-Mu'tazz. | [131] | |
866–896 | Kharijite Rebellion | Jazira, Abbasid Caliphate | Kharijites | It was finally defeated after the caliph al-Mu'tadid undertook several campaigns to restore caliphal authority in the region. | [132] | |
869–883 | Zanj Rebellion | Sawad, Abbasid Caliphate | Zanj | Revolt eventually suppressed by the Abbasids. | [133] | |
874–884 | Qi rebellion | China | Wang Xianzhi and Huang Chao | Rebellions suppressed by the Tang dynasty, which later collapsed due to the destabilization caused by the rebellion. | [134] | |
880–928 | Bobastro rebellion | Emirate of Córdoba | Muwallads and Mozarabs led by Umar ibn Hafsun | Ibn Hafsun died in 917, his coalition then crumbled, and while his sons tried to continue the resistance, they eventually fell to Abd-ar-Rahman III, who proclaimed the Caliphate of Córdoba. | [135] | |
899–906 | The Qarmatian Revolution | Eastern Arabia, Abbasid Caliphate | Qarmatians | Qarmatians successfully establish a republic in Eastern Arabia, becoming the most powerful force in the Persian Gulf. The Qarmatians were eventually reduced to a local power by the Abbasids in 976 and annihilated by the Seljuq-backed Uyunid Emirate in 1076. | [136] | |
917–924 | Bulgarian–Serbian war | Balkans | Serbians led by Zaharija | Serbia is annexed into the First Bulgarian Empire. | [137] | |
928–932 | Bithynian rebellion | Bithynia, Byzantine Empire | Basil the Copper Hand | The revolt was finally subdued by the imperial army and Basil was executed. | [138] | |
943–947 | Ibadi Berber revolt | Ifriqiya, Fatimid Caliphate | Ibadi Berbers led by Abu Yazid | Revolt suppressed by the Fatimids, Abu Yazid captured and killed. | [139] | |
969–970 | First rebellion of Bardas Phokas the Younger | Caesarea, Byzantine Empire | Phokas family | Rebellion extinguished by Bardas Skleros, Phokas was captured and exiled to Chios, where he stayed for 7 years. | [140] | |
976–979 | Rebellion of Bardas Skleros | Anatolia, Byzantine Empire | Bardas Skleros | Bardas Phokas the Younger recalled from exile to put down Skleros' rebellion at the Battle of Pankaleia, Skleros seeks refuge in Baghdad. | [141] | |
983 | Great Slav rising | Elbe, Germany, Holy Roman Empire | Polabian Slavs | Halt to Ostsiedlung. | [142] | |
987–989 | Second Rebellion of Bardas Phokas the Younger | Anatolia, Byzantine Empire | Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros | Rebel armies surrendered after the death of Phokas. | [143] | |
993–995 | Da Shu rebellion | Sichuan, China | Da Shu Kingdom | The Song dynasty was able to suppress the rebellion and restore their rule over the Shu region. | [144] | |
996 | Peasants' revolt in Normandy | Normandy | Norman peasants | Suppression of the rebellion | [145] | |
996-998 | Revolt of Tyre (996–998) | Tyre, Lebanon, Fatimid Caliphate | Tyrians and Byzantine Empire | Revolt suppressed and rebels killed or enslaved | [146] |
Date | Revolution/Rebellion | Location | Revolutionaries/Rebels | Result | Image | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1034–1038 | Serb revolt against the Byzantine Empire | Duklja, Byzantine Empire | Serbs led by Vojislav of Duklja | Revolt suppressed and Vojislav imprisoned, before starting another rebellion which eventually succeeded | ||
1040–1041 | Uprising of Peter Delyan | Balkan peninsula, Byzantine Empire | Bulgarians led by Peter Delyan | Rebellion suppressed by Emperor Michael IV | [147] | |
1072 | Uprising of Georgi Voyteh | Balkan peninsula, Byzantine Empire | Bulgarians led by Georgi Voyteh | Revolt suppressed by Damianos Dalassenos | [148] | |
1090 | Takeover of Alamut | Alamut, Seljuk Empire | Hashshashin led by Hassan-i Sabbah | Nizari Ismaili state founded, creating the Order of Assassins | ||
1095 | Rebellion of northern nobles against William Rufus | England | Northern nobles led by Robert de Mowbray | Suppression of the rebellion | ||
1125 | Almohads against the Almoravids | Atlas Mountains | Masmuda tribes led by Ibn Tumart | Establishment of the Almohad Caliphate | ||
1143-1145 | Commune of Rome Uprising | Rome | Commune of Rome | Establishment of the Commune of Rome | ||
1156 | Hōgen Rebellion | Japan | Forces loyal to retired Emperor Sutoku | Rebellion suppressed by forces loyal to Emperor Go-Shirakawa. Established the dominance of samurai clans and eventually the first samurai-led government in the history of Japan | ||
1185 | Rebellion of Asen and Peter against Byzantine Empire | Balkan Mountains | Bulgarians and Vlachs | Creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire | ||
1209–1211 | Quách Bốc Rebellion | Lý dynasty | Army led by General Quách Bốc | Defeat of Emperor Lý Cao Tông and further weakening of the declining Lý dynasty | ||
1233–1234 | Stedinger revolt | Frisia | Stedingers | Revolt suppressed by a crusade called by Pope Gregory IX | ||
1237–1239 | Babai Revolt | Sultanate of Rum | Rebels | Revolt suppressed | ||
1242–1249 | The First Prussian Uprising | Pomerania | Teutonic Knights | Swantopolk II returned seized lands. Knights allowed safe passage in Pomerania. Treaty of Christburg (secured rights for Christians) | ||
1250 | Bahri revolt | Egypt | Bahri Mamluks | Mamluks consolidated power and established the Bahri dynasty | ||
1282 | Sicilian Vespers | Sicily | Sicilian rebels | Angevin regime overthrown | ||
1296–1328 | First Scottish War of Independence | Scotland | Kingdom of Scotland | Renewed Scottish independence | ||
1302 | Battle of the Golden Spurs | Flanders | County of Flanders | Flemish victory. French ousted | ||
1323–1328 | Peasant revolt in Flanders | Flanders | County of Flanders | Restoration of pro-French court. Repression of rebels | ||
1332–1357 | Second Scottish War of Independence | Scotland | Kingdom of Scotland | Treaty of Berwick. Renewed Scottish independence | ||
1342 | Zealots of Thessalonica | Byzantine Empire | Zealots of Thessalonica | Zealots ruled Thessalonica for 8 years | ||
1343–1345 | St. George's Night Uprising | Estonia | Local Estonians from the Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek | Uprising suppressed | ||
1346-1347 | Rebellion of Ismail Mukh | Deccan, Delhi Sultanate | Ismail Mukh's forces | Rebellion victory, later establishment of the Bahmani Sultanate. | ||
1354 | Revolt of Cola di Rienzi | Rome | Cola di Rienzi and loyal forces (with help from Louis I)[149] | Successfully revolted. However, Cola eventually abdicated and left Rome | ||
1356–1358 | Jacquerie uprising | Northern France | Peasants | Revolt successfully repressed | ||
1368 | Red Turban Rebellions | China | Peasant Han Chinese led by Zhu Yuanzhang | Establishment of the Ming dynasty | ||
1378 | Revolt of the Ciompi | Florence | Laborers from Florence | City government seized. Demands met by laborers | ||
1378–1384 | Tuchin Revolt | Béziers | Locals from Béziers | Duc de Berry suppressed the revolt | ||
1381 | Peasants' Revolt. This was a rebellion in England led by Wat Tyler and John Ball, in which peasants demanded an end to serfdom. | England | Rebels led by Wat Tyler | Wat Tyler killed, revolt suppressed | ||
1382 | Harelle | Rouen, Paris | Guild members of Rouen | Revolt leaders killed. City rights revoked | ||
c. 1387 | Isfahan revolt | Isfahan | Local rebels | Revolt violently repressed[150] | ||
1400–1415 | Welsh revolt | Wales | Rebels headed by Owain Glyndŵr | England conquered Wales | ||
1404/1408/1413^ | Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin | Historical region of Bulgaria | Bulgarian nobles | Failure to liberate Bulgaria | ||
1418–1427 | Lam Sơn uprising | Northern Vietnam | Rebels led by Lê Lợi | Independence of Đại Việt | ||
1431–1435 | First Irmandiño revolt | Galicia | Peasantry and bourgeoisie | Revolt suppressed | ||
1434–1436 | Engelbrekt rebellion | Dalarna | Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson | Engelbrekt assassinated. Kalmar Union eroded | ||
1437 | Transylvanian peasants revolt | Kingdom of Hungary | Transylvanian peasants and petty nobles | Patrician victory | ||
1444–1468 | Skanderbeg's rebellion | Ottoman-ruled Albania | Skanderbeg and his forces | Skanderbeg agreed to peace and paid tribute to the Ottomans. | ||
1450 | Jack Cade's Rebellion | Kent, England | Rebels led by Jack Cade | Royal victory | ||
1462–1485 | Rebellion of the Remences | Catalonia | Peasants | Indecisive | ||
1467–1470 | Second Irmandiño revolt | Galicia | Peasantry and bourgeoisie | Irmandiño movement defeated | ||
1497 | Cornish rebellion of 1497 | England | Rebels mainly from Cornwall | Royal victory |
Date | Revolution/Rebellion | Location | Revolutionaries/Rebels | Result | Image | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1499–1501 | Rebellion of the Alpujarras | Kingdom of Granada | Muslims of Granada | Rebellion suppressed and mass forced conversions of all Muslims in Granada | ||
1501–1503 | War of Deposition against King Hans | Kalmar Union | Swedish separatists | Separatist victory, Kalmar Union de facto dissolved | ||
1501–1504 | Alvsson's rebellion against King Hans of Norway | Denmark and Norway | Norwegian separatists | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1514 | Peasants' war led by György Dózsa | Kingdom of Hungary | Peasants led by György Dózsa | Rebellion suppressed and György Dózsa was executed | ||
1515 | Slovene peasant revolt | Holy Roman Empire | Peasants | Revolt put down by Holy Roman Empire mercenaries | ||
1515–1523 | Arumer Zwarte Hoop | Habsburg Netherlands | Frisian rebels led by Pier Gerlofs Donia and Wijerd Jelckama. | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1516 | Trần Cảo Rebellion | Lê dynasty | Trần Cao rebels | Rebellion suppressed. Lê dynasty weakened by ensuing civil war | ||
1519–1523 | Revolt of the Brotherhoods | Valencia | Germanies autonomist rebels | Rebel leader L'Encobert killed and strongholds of the Germanies captured | ||
1520–1522 | Revolt of the Comuneros | Royalist Castilians | Comuneros rebels | Royalist victory | ||
1521–1522 | Santo Domingo Revolt | Colony of Santo Domingo | Enslaved Africans | Suppression of the revolt | ||
1521–1523 | Gustav Vasa's Rebellion | Kalmar Union | Rebels led by nobleman Gustav Vasa | Rebels successfully deposed King Christian II from the throne of Sweden | ||
1524–1525 | German Peasants' War | Swabian League | Peasants' army | Suppression of revolt and execution of its participants | ||
1526 | Slave revolt in San Miguel de Gualdape | San Miguel de Gualdape | Rebels | Inconclusive | ||
1531 | The Straccioni Rebellion, uprising in Lucca | Lucca | Rebels | |||
1532–1547 | Sebastián Lemba's rebellion | Captaincy General of Santo Domingo | Rebels led by maroon Sebastián Lemba | Suppression of the revolt | ||
1536 | Pilgrimage of Grace | Establishment reformers | Traditionalists | Suppression of the uprisings, execution of the leading figures | ||
1540–1542 | Mixtón War | New Spain | Caxcanes | Spaniard and indigenous allied victory | ||
1542 | Dacke War | Sweden | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1548 | Revolt of the Pitauds | Kingdom of France | French peasants against the salt tax | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1548–1582 | Bayano Wars | Colonial Panama | Enslaved Bayano rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1549 | Prayer Book Rebellion | Kingdom of England | Catholic rebels in Cornwall and Devon | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1549 | Kett's Rebellion | Kingdom of England | East Anglian rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1550–1590 | Chichimeca War | New Spain | Chichimeca Confederation | Chichimeca military victory | ||
1567–1872 | Philippine revolts against Spain | Spanish East Indies | Rebels | |||
1568–1571 | Morisco rebellions in Granada | Habsburg Spain | Morisco rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1568–1648 | Eighty Years' War | Spanish Netherlands | Dutch Republic | Peace of Münster | ||
1569–1570 | Rising of the North | Elizabeth I of England | Partisans of Mary, Queen of Scots and Northern English Catholics | Elizabethan victory | ||
1570–1618 | Gaspar Yanga's revolt against Spanish colonial rule in Mexico | New Spain | Rebels led by Gaspar Yanga | Ended with the signing of a treaty with Spain | ||
1573 | Croatian–Slovene peasant revolt | Croatian, Styrian and Carniolan nobility and Uskoks | Croatian and Slovene peasants | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1590–1610 | Celali rebellions | Ottoman Empire | Celali rebels | Suppressed by Kuyucu Murad Pasha | ||
1591–1594 | Rappenkrieg | Basel | Peasants | Negotiations led to a restriction to tax increases. Insurgents were spared punishment | ||
1594–1595 | Croquant rebellion | Limousin | Rebels | Croquants disarmed | ||
1594–1603 | Nine Years' War | Kingdom of England | Irish alliance | English victory | ||
1594 | Banat Uprising | Ottoman Empire | Serb rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1596 | Club War | Nobility and army | Peasants and army | Nobility victory | ||
1596–1597 | Serb Uprising against the Ottomans | Ottoman Empire | Serb rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1597 | First Guale revolt developed in Florida against the Spanish missions and led by Juanillo | New Spain | Rebels led by Juanillo | Rebellion suppressed | [151][152] | |
1598 | First Tarnovo uprising | Ottoman Empire | Bulgarian rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1600–1601 | Thessaly rebellion | Ottoman Empire | Greek rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1600–1607 | Acaxee Rebellion | New Spain | Acaxee | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1606–1607 | Bolotnikov rebellion | Tsardom of Russia | Rebels led by Bolotnikov | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1616–1620 | Tepehuán Revolt | New Spain | Tepehuánes | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1618–1625 | Bohemian Revolt | Habsburg monarchy | Crown of Bohemia
Upper-Lower Austrian rebels |
Imperial victory | ||
1631–1634 | Salt Tax Revolt | Spanish Empire | Rebels in Biscay | Ringleaders arrested and executed | ||
1637–1638 | Shimabara Rebellion | Tokugawa shogunate | Japanese Catholics | Tokugawa victory | [153] | |
1639 | Revolt of the va-nu-pieds | Kingdom of France | Rebels in Normandy | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1640–1668 | Portuguese Revolt | Spanish Empire | Kingdom of Portugal | Portuguese victory | ||
1640–1652 | Catalan Revolt | Spanish Empire | Principality of Catalonia | Catalan defeat | ||
1641–1642 | Irish Rebellion of 1641 | Kingdom of England | Irish Catholic Nobility | Irish victory and the Founding of the Irish Catholic Confederation | ||
1641 | Acclamation of Amador Bueno in the Captaincy of São Vicente, Brazil | Captaincy of São Vicente | [154][155][156] | |||
1642–1652 | English Civil War | English and Welsh Royalists | English and Welsh Parliamentarians | Parliamentarian victory, Execution of Charles I, establishment of the Commonwealth of England | ||
1644 | Li Zicheng's Uprising | Ming dynasty | Rebels led by Li Zicheng | Overthrow of the Ming dynasty and the establishment of the Shun dynasty | ||
1647 | Naples Revolt | Kingdom of Naples | Neapolitan Republic | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1648 | Khmelnytsky uprising | Poland–Lithuania | Zaporozhian Host | Emergence of Cossack Hetmanate under Russian protection | ||
1648 | Moscow salt riot | Tsardom of Russia | Rebels | Arrest and execution of many of the leaders of the uprising | ||
1648–1653 | Fronde | Kingdom of France | Parlements | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1658 | Revolt of Abaza Hasan Pasha | Ottoman Empire | Rebels led by Abaza Hasan Pasha | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1659 | Bakhtrioni uprising | Safavid Persia | Kingdom of Kakheti | Strategically inconclusive | ||
1662–1664 | Bashkir rebellion | Tsardom of Russia | Bashkir rebels | Demands of the rebels met | ||
1664–1670 | Magnate conspiracy | Habsburg monarchy | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1667–1668 | First Revolt of the Angelets | Vallespir | Anti-salt tax rebels | Compromise of Céret. Tax inspectors ended controls | ||
1668–1676 | Solovetsky Monastery uprising | Tsardom of Russia | Old Believer monks | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1670–1674 | Second Revolt of the Angelets | Conflent | Rebels against the salt tax | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1672 | Pashtun rebellion | Mughal Empire | Pashtun rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1672–1674 | Lipka rebellion | Poland–Lithuania | Lipka Tatars | Tatars' privileges, payments and religious freedoms guaranteed | [157] | |
1672–1678 | Messina Revolt | Spanish Empire | Sicilian rebels | |||
1674–1680 | Trunajaya rebellion | Mataram Sultanate | Rebel forces | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1675 | Revolt of the papier timbré, an anti-tax revolt in Brittany | Kingdom of France | Rebels in Brittany | |||
1675–1676 | King Philip's War | New England Confederation | Native Americans | Confederation victory | ||
1676 | Bacon's Rebellion | Colony of Virginia | Virginia colonists, indentured servants and slaves | Change in Virginia's Native American-Frontier policy | ||
1680–1692 | Pueblo Revolt | Spanish Empire | Puebloans | Pueblo victory, expulsion of Spanish settlers | ||
1681–1684 | Bashkir rebellion | Tsardom of Russia | Bashkir rebels | Demands of the rebels met | [158] | |
1682 | Moscow Uprising | Tsardom of Russia | Streltsy regiments | Sophia suppressed the Streltsy and Tararui in their attempts to remove her from power | ||
1684 | Beckman's Revolt | Maranhão e Grão-Pará | Manoel Beckman and rebels | Rebellion suppressed | [159][160] | |
1685 | Monmouth Rebellion | Kingdom of England | Monmouth rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1685 | Argyll Rebellion | Kingdom of Scotland | Covenanter rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1686 | Second Tarnovo uprising | Ottoman Empire | Bulgarian rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1687–1689 | Revolt of the Barretinas | Spanish Empire | Catalan rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1688 | Chiprovtsi uprising | Ottoman Empire | Catholic Bulgarian rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1688 | Siamese revolution of 1688 | Prasat Thong dynasty | Phetracha and various Siamese lords | Victory for Phetracha's forces and his Dutch allies | ||
1688 | Glorious Revolution | Kingdom of England | Rebels | James II replaced as king by his daughter Mary II and her husband William III | ||
1688–1746 | Jacobite risings | Kingdom of England | Jacobites | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1689 | Karposh’s Rebellion | Ottoman Empire | Bulgarian rebels | Rebellion suppressed | [161] | |
1689 | Boston revolt | Dominion of New England | Boston colonists | Dissolution of the Dominion of New England; ouster of officials loyal to James II | ||
1693 | Second Brotherhood | Valencia | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1698 | Streltsy uprising | Tsardom of Russia | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed |
Date | Revolution/Rebellion | Location | Revolutionaries/Rebels | Result | Image | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1702–1715 | War of the Camisards | Kingdom of France | Camisards | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1703–1711 | Rákóczi Uprising | Holy Roman Empire | Kuruc (Kingdom of Hungary) | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1707–1709 | Bulavin Rebellion | Tsardom of Russia | Don Cossack rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1707–1709 | Newcomers' War | Captaincy of São Vicente, Brazil | Paulistas | Rebellion suppressed | [162][163] | |
1709 | Mirwais Hotak's rebellion against Gurgin Khan, the Persian governor of Kandahar | Safavid Persia | Rebels led by Mirwais Hotak | rebellion successful | ||
1709–1710 | Pablo Presbere's insurrection against Spanish colonial power | Spanish Empire | Rebels led by Pablo Presbere | |||
1710–1711 | Peddlers' War | Pernambuco, Brazil | Rebels | [164][165] | ||
1711 | Cary's Rebellion | Province of Carolina | Rebels | |||
1712 | Tzeltal Rebellion | New Spain | indigenous rebels | |||
1712 | New York Slave Revolt of 1712 | Colony of New York | Rebel slaves | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1715 | First Jacobite rising | Kingdom of Great Britain | Rebels led by James Francis Edward Stuart | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1720 | Vila Rica Revolt | Minas Gerais, Brazil | Rebels | [166][167] | ||
1722 | Afghan rebels defeated Shah Sultan Husayn and ended the Safavid dynasty. | Safavid Persia under Shah Sultan Husayn | Afghan rebels | rebellion successful | ||
1728–1740 | First Maroon War | British Empire | Jamaican Maroons | Maroon victory, the British government offered peace treaties | ||
1729 | Natchez revolt | French colonists | the Natchez | |||
1731 | Samba rebellion | French Louisiana | Rebel slaves | |||
1733–1734 | slave insurrection on St. John | Denmark–Norway | Rebel slaves | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1739 | Stono Rebellion | Colony of South Carolina | Escaped slaves | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1741 | New York Conspiracy of 1741 | Province of New York | slaves and poor whites | |||
1743 | Fourth Dalecarlian rebellion | Sweden | peasants' | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1744–1829 | Dagohoy rebellion | Spanish Empire | Boholano people | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1745–1746 | Jacobite rising | Great Britain | Jacobites | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1747 | Orangist revolution | |||||
1748 | Uprising led by Juan Francisco de León in Panaquire, Venezuela, against monopoly interests and the dominance of the Royal Company Guipuzcoana in terms of trade cocoa | Rebels led by Juan Francisco de León | ||||
1749 | Conspiracy of the Slaves | Malta | Rebel slaves | |||
1751–1752 | Pima Revolt | |||||
1753 | The Lunenburg Rebellion | Great Britain | immigrant rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1755–1769 | The revolution that ended Genoese rule and established a Corsican Republic | Republic of Genoa | Corsican Republic | Revolution was brought to an end by the French conquest of Corsica | ||
1760 | Tacky's War | Great Britain | Enslaved "Coromantee" people | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1763 | Berbice slave uprising | Society of Berbice Society of Suriname Barbados Navy Dutch Navy | Arawak and Carib allies | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1763–1766 | Pontiac's War | Great Britain | numerous North American Indian tribes | Military stalemate | ||
1765–1783 | American Revolution | Great Britain | Colonists in British America | Independence of the United States of America from the British Empire | ||
1765 | Quito Revolt of 1765 | Viceroyalty of New Granada | Rebels | |||
1765 | Strilekrigen | Denmark–Norway | Norwegian farmers | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1768 | Louisiana Rebellion of 1768 | New Spain | Creole and German settlers | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1769–1773 | First Carib War | Great Britain | Carib inhabitants of Saint Vincent | |||
1770 | Orlov revolt | Ottoman Empire | Greeks
Supported by: |
Rebellion suppressed | ||
1770 | Abdzakh revolution. The Circassians of the Abdzakh region started a great revolution in Circassian territory in 1770. Classes such as slaves, nobles and princes were completely abolished. The Abdzakh Revolution coincides with the French Revolution. While many French nobles took refuge in Russia, some of the Circassian nobles took the same path and took refuge in Russia | Russia | Circassians of the Abdzakh region | [168] | ||
1771–1785 | Tây Sơn wars | Tây Sơn Cham people Chinese Vietnamese (1771–1777) Pirates of the South China Coast |
Nguyễn lord Kingdom of Cambodia Siam France (1778–1802, limited) Kingdom of Vientiane Chinese Vietnamese (Hoà Nghĩa army) |
Nguyễn lord victory | ||
1773–1775 | Pugachev's Rebellion | Russia | Coalition of Cossacks, Russian Serfs, Old Believers, and non-Russian peoples | Rebellion suppressed | [169] | |
1775 | Rising of the Priests | Order of Saint John | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1775–1783 | American Revolutionary War | Great Britain Loyalists |
United States | Revolutionary victory | ||
1780–1782 | José Gabriel Condorcanqui, known as Túpac Amaru II, raises an indigenous peasant army in revolt against Spanish control of Peru. Julián Apasa, known as Túpac Katari allied with Túpac Amaru and lead an indigenous revolt in Upper Peru (present-day Bolivia) nearly destroying the city of La Paz in a siege. | Spanish Empire | Túpac Amaru II | |||
1780–1787 | The Patriot Revolt | Dutch Republic | Rebels | |||
1781 | Revolt in Bihar | British East India Company | Rebels in Bihar | |||
1781 | Revolt of the Comuneros | Viceroyalty of New Granada | Rebels | |||
1782 | Sylhet uprising | British East India Company | Bengali Muslim Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1782 | Geneva Revolution | Republic of Geneva | the third estate | |||
1786–1787 | Shays' Rebellion | United States | Shaysites | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1786–1787 | Lofthusreisingen | Norway | Rebels | |||
1787 | Abaco Slave Revolt | Great Britain | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1788 | Kočina Krajina Serb rebellion | Ottoman Empire | Serb rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1789–1799 | French Revolution | Kingdom of France | Revisionaries | Revolutionary victory
|
||
1789–1790 | Brabant Revolution | Austrian Netherlands | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1789–1791 | Liège Revolution | Prince-Bishops of Liège | Republic of Liège (1789–1791) France (from 1792) |
Revolutionary victory
|
||
1790 | Saxon Peasants' Revolt | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1790 | The first slave revolt | British Virgin Islands | Rebels | |||
1791 | Whiskey Rebellion | United States | Frontier tax protesters | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1791 | Mina conspiracy | United States | Rebels | |||
1791–1804 | Haitian Revolution | 1791–1793
|
1791–1793
|
Haitian victory | ||
1792 | War in Defence of the Constitution | Poland–Lithuania | Russia | Polish defeat | ||
1793 | Slave rebellion produced in the Guadeloupe island following the outbreak of the French Revolution. | France | Rebels | |||
1793 | Jumla rebellion | Kingdom of Nepal | Sobhan Shahi
People of Jumla |
|||
1793–1796 | War in the Vendée | France | Vendeans
Supported by: |
Rebellion suppressed | ||
1794 | Kościuszko Uprising | Poland–Lithuania | Russia | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1794 | Whiskey Rebellion | United States | Frontier tax protesters | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1794 | Stäfner Handel uprising | Republic of Zürich | Rebels | |||
1795 | Batavian Revolution | Orangists
Supported by: |
Patriots
Supported by: |
Revolutionary victory | ||
1795 | Curaçao Slave Revolt | Dutch Republic | Slave rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1795–1796 | 1795–1796: In those years broke out several slave rebellions in the entire Caribbean, influenced by the Haitian Revolution: in Cuba, Jamaica (Second Maroon War), Dominica (Colihault Uprising), Louisiana (Pointe Coupée conspiracy), Saint Lucia (Bush War, so-called "Guerre des Bois"), Saint Vincent (Second Carib War), Grenada (Fédon's rebellion), Curaçao (led by Tula), Guyana (Demerara Rebellion) and in Coro, Venezuela (led by José Leonardo Chirino) | [170] | ||||
1796 | Conspiracy of Equals | France | Rebels | Conspiracy discovered and repressed | ||
1796 | Boca de Nigua Revolt | Dominica | Slave rebels led by Francisco Sopo | |||
1796–1804 | White Lotus Rebellion | Qing dynasty | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1797 | Spithead and Nore mutinies | Great Britain | Mutineers | |||
1797 | 1797 Rugby School Rebellion | Great Britain | Mutineers | |||
1797 | Scottish Rebellion | Great Britain | Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | ||
1798 | Irish Rebellion of 1798 | Great Britain | United Irishmen Defenders France |
Rebellion suppressed | ||
1798 | The Maltese Revolt in September 1798 against French administration in Malta. The French capitulated in September 1800 after they were blockaded inside the islands' harbour fortifications for two years | France | Rebels | |||
1799–1800 | Fries's Rebellion | United States | Rebels led by John Fries |
Date | Revolution/Rebellion | Location | Revolutionaries/Rebels | Result | Image | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1800 | Gabriel Prosser's suppressed slave rebellion in Virginia | United States | Slave Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1800–1802 | A farmer rebellion in Lærdal, Norway against military conscription | Norway | Rebels | ||||
1803 | The rebellion of Robert Emmet in Dublin, Ireland against British rule | Great Britain | Rebels | ||||
1803 | The Igbo Landing, a slave ship revolt off the coast of St. Simons, Georgia, in which the enslaved Igbo people committed mass suicide rather than submit to slavery in the United States | United States | Slave Rebels | ||||
1804 | Castle Hill convict rebellion | Great Britain | Convict rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1804–1817 | Serbian Revolution | Ottoman Empire | Serb rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1804–1813 | First Serbian uprising | Ottoman Empire | Revolutionary Serbia Supported by: Russian Empire (1807–12) Wallachia (1807–12) |
Rebellion suppressed | |||
1805 | An unsuccessful slave rebellion at Chatham Manor | United States | Slave Rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1809 | Jørgen Jørgensen's Revolution | Great Britain Denmark–Norway |
Revolutionaries | ||||
1817 | Tican's Rebellion | Austrian Empire | Serb rebels | ||||
1808 | Rum Rebellion | Colony of New South Wales | New South Wales Corps | ||||
1808 | Kruščica Rebellion | Austrian Empire | Serb rebels | ||||
1808 | Dos de Mayo Uprising | France | Spain | ||||
1807–1814 | Peninsular War |
Denmark-Norway (Evacuation of La Romana's division) |
Spanish and allied victory | ||||
1808–1809 | Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo | Colony of Santo Domingo Great Britain Spain |
France | Dominican-Ango-Spanish victory | |||
1808–1833 | Spanish American Wars of independence | Royalists | Patriots | Revolutionary victory | |||
1809–1810 | The rebellion of Velu Thampi Dalawa of Travancore | Travancore | Rebels | ||||
1809 | Chuquisaca Revolution | Spain | Rebels | ||||
1819 | La Paz revolution, headed by Pedro Murillo | Spain | Rebels | ||||
1819 | Tyrolean Rebellion | Tyrolean civilian militia (Schützen)
Supported by: |
French Victory | ||||
1809–1825 | Bolivian War of Independence | Royalists: | Patriots: | Patriot Victory | |||
1809–1826 | Peruvian War of Independence | Royalists: | Patriots:
Co-belligerents |
Patriot Victory | |||
1810 | The House Tax Hartal was an occasion of nonviolent resistance to protest a tax in parts of British India, with a particularly noteworthy example of hartal (a form of general strike) in the vicinity of Varanasi | British India | Demonstrators | ||||
1810 | The West Florida rebellion against Spain, eventually becomes a short-lived republic. | Spain | Rebels | ||||
1810–1821 | Mexican War of Independence | Spanish Empire | Insurgents | Insurgent victory | |||
1810 | May Revolution | Spanish Empire | Primera Junta | Primera Junta victory | |||
1810–1818 | Argentine War of Independence | Royalists | Patriots: | Argentine victory and emancipation from Spanish colonial rule | |||
1810–1823 | Venezuelan War of Independence | Royalists
Spain |
Patriots
1810: 1811–1816: 1816–1819: 1819–1823: |
Patriot victory | |||
1810–1826 | Chilean War of Independence | Royalists:
Mapuche allies of the Royalists |
Patriots:
Mapuche allies of the Patriots |
Chilean victory | |||
1811 | Paraguayan Revolt | Spain | Paraguayan Rebels | Revolt victory | |||
1811 | German Coast uprising | Local planters
Militia and regulars |
Enslaved Africans | Suppression of uprising | |||
1811 | 1811 Independence Movement | Spain | Salvadoran revolutionaries | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1812 | The peasant rebellion of Hong Gyeong-nae | Joseon dynasty | Rebels | ||||
1812 | Aponte conspiracy | Spanish Empire | Cuban rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1812 | The rebellion in protest against slavery led by José Leocadio, Pedro de Seda, and Pedro Henríquez in Dominican Republic | Spanish Empire | Dominican rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1814 | Norwegian War of Independence |
Supported by:
|
Swedish victory | ||||
1814 | Hadži Prodan's Revolt | Ottoman Empire | Serbian rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1815 | George Boxley's slave rebellion in Spotsylvania County, Virginia | United States | Slave rbels | ||||
1815–1817 | Second Serbian uprising | Ottoman Empire | Serbian rebels | Strategic Serbian diplomatic victory; Establishment of the autonomous Principality of Serbia | |||
1816 | Bussa's rebellion | British Empire | Slave rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1816–1858 | Seminole Wars | United States | Seminole Yuchi Choctaw Freedmen |
American victory | |||
1817 | Pernambucan Revolt | United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves | Rebels of Pernambuco and allies from Paraíba and Ceará. | Portuguese victory and resulted in the creation of the short-lived Republic of Pernambuco (7 March 1817 – 20 May 1817). | |||
1817 | Pentrich rising, | United Kingdom | Rebels led by William Oliver | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1817 | Paika Rebellion | East India Company | Bhoi dynasty | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1817–1818 | Uva-Wellassa Rebellion | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Radala collaborators | Kingdom of Kandy rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1820 | The Revolutions of 1820 were a wave of revolutions attempting to establish liberal constitutional monarchies in Italy, Spain and Portugal. | ||||||
1820 | Radical War | United Kingdom | Various Groups | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1820–1822 | Ecuadorian War of Independence | Patriot victory. Annexation of the territory to Gran Colombia. | |||||
1820–1824 | The revolutionary war of independence in Peru led by José de San Martín | ||||||
1821 | Marcos Xiorro's conspiracy to incite a slave revolt in Spanish Puerto Rico | Spain | Rebels | ||||
1821 | Wallachian uprising | Ottoman Empire
Austrian Empire |
Greek revolutionaries
|
Wallachia (revolutionary)
|
Ottoman military victory Wallachian political victory
End of the Phanariote Era |
||
1821–1829 | Greek War of Independence | Ottoman Empire | 1821:
After 1822: Military support:
Diplomatic support: |
Greek victory | |||
1822 | Denmark Vesey's suppressed slave uprising in South Carolina | United States | Slave rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1822–1823 | The republican revolution in Mexico overthrows Emperor Agustín de Iturbide | First Mexican Empire | Rebels | Rebel victory | |||
1822–1825 | Brazilian War of Independence | Brazilian rebels (1822) Empire of Brazil |
Brazilian victory | ||||
1823 | Demerara rebellion of 1823 | British Empire | Rebel slaves | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1824 | Chumash revolt of 1824 | First Mexican Republic | Chumash Native Americans | ||||
1825 | Decembrist revolt | Russian Empire | Northern Society of the Decembrists | Rebelion suppressed, Decembrists executed or deported to Siberia | |||
1825–1830 | Java War | Dutch Empire | Javanese rebels | Dutch victory | |||
1826 | Janissary revolts | Ottoman Empire | Janissaries | ||||
1826–1827 | Fredonian Rebellion | First Mexican Republic | Texian rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1826–1828 | Lao rebellion | Rattanakosin Kingdom (Siam) | Kingdom of Vientiane
Military support: |
Siamese victory | |||
1827–1828 | The failed conservative rebellion in Mexico led by Nicolás Bravo. | First Mexican Republic | rebels led by Nicolás Bravo | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1828–1834 | Liberal Wars | Miguelites
Supported by: |
Liberals
Supported by:
|
Liberal victory | |||
1829 | Bathurst War | United Kingdom | Wiradjuri | British victory | |||
1829–1832 | War of the Maidens. Countrymen dressed as women resisted the new forestry law, which restricted their use of the forest | France (Bourbon Restoration) (until 1830)
France (July Monarchy) (from 1830) |
rebels | ||||
1830 | The Revolutions of 1830 were a wave of Romantic nationalist revolutions in Europe | ||||||
1830–1831 | Belgian Revolution | United Netherlands |
|
Belgian victory | |||
1830 | July Revolution | France (Bourbon Restoration) | Middle class against Bourbon King Charles X | Charles X which forced him out of office and replaced him with the Orleanist King Louis-Philippe (the "July Monarchy") | |||
1830–1831 | November uprising | Russian Empire | Congress Poland | Russian victory | |||
Ustertag revolution | Canton of Zürich | Rebels | |||||
1830 | Bathurst Rebellion | United Kingdom | Convict rebels | ||||
1830–1833 | Yagan's War | United Kingdom | Noongar people | ||||
1830–1836 | Tithe War | United Kingdom | Irish Demonstrators | ||||
1831 | Nat Turner's slave rebellion | United States | Insurgents | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1831 | Merthyr Rising | United Kingdom | Working class | ||||
1831, 1834, 1848 | Canut revolts | France (July Monarchy) | Lyonnais silk workers (French: canuts) | ||||
1831–1832 | Bosnian uprising | Ottoman Empire | Bosnian ayans | Ottoman victory | |||
1831–1832 | Baptist War | United Kingdom | Slave rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1832 | June Rebellion | France (July Monarchy)
|
Republicans | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1832–1833 | Anastasio Aquino's Rebellion | Federal Republic of Central America | Indigenous rebels | Rebellion suppressed | |||
1832–1843 | Abdelkader's rebellion in French-occupied Algeria | France (July Monarchy) | Rebels led by Abdelkader | ||||
1833–1835 | Lê Văn Khôi revolt | Nguyễn dynasty | Lê Văn Khôi rebels
Supported by: |
Rebellion suppressed | |||
1834 | Flores' Rebellion | Nicaragua | Rebels | ||||
1834–1859 | Imam Shamil's rebellion in Russian-occupied Caucasus | Russian Empire | Rebels | ||||
1835–1836 | Texas Revolution | Mexican Republic | Republic of Texas | De facto Texian independence from the Centralist Republic of Mexico | |||
1835 | Malê revolt | Malê slaves (primarily Nagôs) | Rebellion suppressed | ||||
1835–1840 | The Cabanagem was a popular revolution and pro-separatist movement that occurred in the then province of Grão-Pará, Empire of Brazil | Empire of Brazil | Rebels | ||||
1835–1845 | Ragamuffin War |
Supported by: |
Peace treaty between both parties
|
||||
1837 | Río Arriba Rebellion | Republic of Mexico | Puebloans | Temporary success:
|
|||
1837-1838 | Rebellions of 1837-1838 | Upper Canada | Hunter's Lodges (Upper Canada)
Patriotes (Lower Canada) |
Rebels defeated in both Upper and Lower Canada
Upper and Lower Canada unified into the single Province of Canada |
|||
1837-1838 | Sabinada | Empire of Brazil | Bahia Republic, led by Francisco Sabino | Government victory; rebel capital of Salvador captured after four months of resistance | |||
1838-1841 | Balaida | Empire of Brazil | Rebels
|
Government victory | |||
1839 | Amistad Rebellion | Amistad slave ship | Slaves | Initial slave victory, eventual capture of slaves by the United States
United States v. The Amistad supreme court decision |
|||
1839-1843 | Rebecca Riots | Wales | Farmers and agricultural workers | End in riots due to increased military presence
Act of Parliament amends laws relating to turnpike trusts |
|||
1841 | Creole revolt | Creole American slave ship | Slaves | Revolt successful | |||
1841-1842 | Dorr Rebellion | Rhode Island | Disenfranchised voters led by Thomas Wilson Dorr | Military government victory
Land qualification to vote removed from the state constitution |
|||
1841-1842 | Afghan uprising | Kabul, Emirate of Kabul
|
Afghan citizens of Kabul | Afghan victory
|
[176] | ||
1842 | Slave Revolt in the Cherokee Nation | Cherokee Nation | Slaves | Slaves eventually captured and some executed | |||
1844–1856 | Dominican War of Independence | Dominican Republic | Republic of Haiti (1844–1849) Second Empire of Haiti (1854–1856) |
Dominican victory | |||
1845-1872 | New Zealand Wars | New Zealand | Māori iwi | Eventual British victory
16,000 km^2 of Māori land seized in New Zealand Settlements Act of 1863 |
|||
1846 | Greater Poland uprising | Greater Poland
|
Poles | Planned revolution never goes through
8 rebels executed |
|||
1846 | Kraków uprising | Free City of Kraków, Austrian Empire | Polish resistance | Austrian victory | |||
1846 | Bear Flag Revolt | Alta California, Mexico | California Republic | California Republic declared, soon annexed by United States | |||
1847-1901 | Caste War of Yucatán | Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico and British Honduras | Maya people | Initial Mayan victory, eventual defeat
|
External audio | |
---|---|
Newsreel scenes in Spanish of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party Revolts of the 1950s here |
This section may contain information not important or relevant to the article's subject. (July 2021) |
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
isfahan Timur.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)