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List of sources of Chinese culinary history

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 22 min

This is a list of historical Chinese sources referring to Chinese cuisine. Not long after the expansion of the Chinese Empire during the Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD), Chinese writers noted the great differences in culinary practices among people from different parts of the realm. These differences followed to a great extent the varying climate and availability of foodstuffs in China.

Pre-Han dynasty

[edit]

Documents compiled before 206 BC.

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Zhouli zhushu (Notes and Commentaries on the Rites of Zhou) simplified Chinese: 周礼注疏; traditional Chinese: 周禮注疏 Government officials An annotated version of the Rites of Zhou[1]
Yili zhushu (Ceremonies and Rites with Commentaries)[2] 仪礼注疏; 儀禮注疏 Banquet rites, single food offering rites, secondary food offering rites, and other rites mentioned
Liji zhengyi (Book of Rites)[3] 礼记正义; 禮記正義 Eight different delicacies and others are mentioned.
Lüshi Chunqiu (Master Lü's Spring and Autumn [Annals]) 吕氏春秋; 呂氏春秋 c. 239 BC during the Qin dynasty Under the patronage of Lü Buwei An encyclopedic Chinese classic text compilation (Basic Taste)
Simin yueling jiaozhu (The Four Groups Practice Calendar) 四民月令 mid 2 AD Eastern Han dynasty Minister Official Que Shi A book of mainly agricultural practices where food related topics are partially mentioned

Pre-Sui states

[edit]

Documents from before the Sui dynasty (581–618).

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Shijing (Classic of Poetry) simplified Chinese: 诗经; traditional Chinese: 詩經 1000–600 BC Northern Wei dynasty Lu Shi A collection of poetry from the 11th to 7th centuries BC
Nanfang Caomu Zhuang (Plants of the Southern Regions) 南方草木状; 南方草木狀 Claims to have been completed in 304 AD. Often considered a Song-era forgery.[4] Western Jin dynasty scholar and botanist Ji Han (嵇含) Chinese subtropical flora
Qinjing (Book of Birds) 禽经; 禽經 The naming of birds with their characteristics and other elements
Shizhen lu (Food record) 食珍录; 食珍錄 Northern and Southern dynasties era Yu Cong Recipe book with a focus on southern cuisine
Qimin Yaoshu (Essential Methods of the Common People)[5] 齐民要术; 齊民要術 533 and 544 BC Northern Wei dynasty official Jia Sixie Ancient Chinese agricultural texts[6][7][8] (Section of Volumes 1–7)

Sui dynasty

[edit]

Documents compiled during the Sui dynasty (581–618).

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Shijing (Book of Foods) 食经 Sui dynasty Xie Feng The book collects 53 cuisines of various types from the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Sui Dynasty. [9]
Beitang shuchao (Excerpts of Books in the Northern Hall)[10] simplified Chinese: 北堂书钞; traditional Chinese: 北堂書鈔 Yu Shinan, an official and calligrapher The oldest surviving leishu, which is a kind of Chinese reference book or encyclopedia.[11] Includes a chapter covering beverages and foods.

Tang dynasty

[edit]

Documents compiled during the Tang dynasty (618–907).

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Yiwen Leiju (Encyclopedia of Arts and Letters) 藝文類聚
艺文类聚 		Ouyang Xun, a calligrapher А poetic encyclopedia;[12][13] book 72 covers food.
Beiji qianjin yaofang (Essential Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold) 備急千金要方
备急千金要方 		Sun Simiao, known as the King of Medicine Along with Qian Jin Yi Fang (Supplement to the Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold), both significantly contributed to the development of Chinese medicine.[14] Book 26 refers to food treatments.
Shipu (Recipe Manuals) 食譜
食谱 		Wei Juyuan A menu from a banquet hosted by Wei Juyuan to thank the emperor for his promotion. It lists 58 dishes and includes descriptions of their cooking methods and ingredients.[15][16]
Shiliao bencao (Materia Medica for Successful Dietary Therapy)[17] 食療本草
食疗本草 		684[18] or
701 – 704 and 721–739[19] 		Meng Shen and Zhang Ding[20] The earliest complete dietary work. Based on Meng Shen's book Buyang fang (Prescription to Replenish and Nourish), Zhang Ding expanded it and renamed it as such.[19] (Fragment)
Chajing (The Classic of Tea) 茶經
茶经 		written between 760 and 780 Lu Yu The very first monograph on tea in the world that records Chinese methods of tea cultivation and preparation[21][22]
Jiancha shuiji (Note on Brewing Tea)[23] 煎茶水記
煎茶水记 		Zhang Youxin (張又新), a tea expert Discusses the way of tea brewing and suggests a trend towards more study of tea[24][25]
Shiyi xinjian (A Revised Mirror for the Dietitian) 食醫心鑑
食医心鉴 		published in 850 Unknown Food therapy[26][27]
Youyang zazu (Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang) 酉陽雑俎
酉阳杂俎 		published approximately in 853 Duan Chengshi A miscellany of Chinese and foreign legends and hearsay, reports on natural phenomena, short anecdotes, and tales of the wondrous and mundane, as well as notes on such topics as medicinal herbs, tattoos, wine and foods.
Lingbiao lu yiji (Strange Southern Ways of Men and Things) 嶺表錄異記
岭表录异记 		written between 889 and 904 Liu Xun (劉恂) A book documenting the climate, environment, products, and customs of southern China during the Tang Dynasty. More than 60% of its content is related to food, including descriptions of ingredients, unique delicacies, cooking and dining utensils, and culinary customs.[28][29][30]
Shanfujing shoulu (The Manuscript of the Diet Minister's Classic) 膳夫經手錄
膳夫经手录 		856 Yang Yezhuan Introduces many formulae for diet therapy[31]

Song dynasty

[edit]

Documents compiled during the Song dynasty (960–1279). The population of China doubled in size during the 10th and 11th centuries. This growth came through expanded rice cultivation in central and southern China, the use of early-ripening rice from southeast and southern Asia, and the production of abundant food surpluses.[32][33]

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Shanfulu (Chef's Manuals) 膳夫錄
膳夫录 		Southern Song Zheng Wang (鄭望) A cookbook consists of 14 entries with descriptions of the processing and preparation of delicacies[34][35]
Shipu 食譜
食谱
Qingyilu (Records of the Unworldly and the Strange) 淸異錄
清异录 		950 Tao Gu A collection of more than 600 historical records and anecdotes spanned from Sui, Tang, the Five Dynasties and the early Song dynasty, under 37 categories including fine cuisines, vegetables, and fruits.[36][37]
Taiping Yulan (Imperial Readings of the Taiping Era) 太平御覽
太平御览 		977 to 983 Li Fang An encyclopedia (Volumes 843–867 are on diets)
Sunpu (Treatise on Bamboo Shoots) 筍譜
笋谱 		c. 970 Zang Ning, a monk Recorded 98 kinds of bamboo shoot about heir names and aliases, characteristics, cultivation, tastes, processing and preservation methods[38][39]
Benxinzhai shushipu (Vegetarian Recipes from the Study of the True Heart)[40] 本心齋蔬食譜
本心斋蔬食谱 		13th century Chen Dasou (陳達叟) Lists 20 vegetarian foods with recipes.
Shanjia qinggong (The Simple Foods of the Mountain Folk)[41] 山家淸供
山家清供 		13th century Lin Hong This cookbook introduces food and beverages of hermits in the mountains[42] and usages of sugar in cookery.[43] It also mentions a cultural proverb related to pasta.[44]
Rucao jishi 茹草记事 Published in 1646 Lin Hong, Tao Zongyi, Tao Ting [45]
Shidafu shishi wuguan (Five Considerations When Scholar-officials Eat)* 士大夫食時五觀
士大夫食时五观 		between 1045 and 1105 Huang Tingjian, a calligrapher Deals with five points of etiquette for shidafu (gentlemen or officials) when eating meat[46][47]
Shouqin yanglao xinshu (A New Book on Supporting Parents for Longevity)[48] 壽親養老新書
寿亲养老新书 		1307 Zou Xuan A book mainly discusses the knowledge and methods of health care for the elderly, including dietary management, food preparation and other health care contents.[49][50]
Beishan jiujing (The Wine Classic of North Mountain) 北山酒經
北山酒经 		between 1535 and 1615 Zhu Gong (朱肱) The first book extant entirely focused on wine and wine making[51][52]
Yushipi (Fine Dishes Notes) 玉食批 Song Dynasty Unnamed royal kitchen servant A list of fine dishes served as daily meals to the princes of Emperor Lizong.[53]
Chalu (The Record of Tea) 茶錄
茶录 		Cai Xiang A renowned tea book[54]
Lizhi pu (Note on the Lychee) 荔枝譜
荔枝谱 		1059 Cai Xiang The first monograph on any fruit tree written by a Chinese writer, in which over 30 varieties of fruit are mentioned including the lychee[55][56]
Dongxi shichalu (Dongxi Tea Tasting Record) 東溪試茶錄
东溪试茶录 		circa 1064 Song Zi'an A record of tasting teas from various origins in the region of today's Fujian, and analyzing their making process[57]
Pincha yaolu (Essentials in Tea Tasting) 品茶要錄
品茶要录 		1075 Huang Ru A collection of 10 articles on practices that should be avoided in tea making, and the influence of geographical conditions on tea quality[58]
Jiupu 食经
Julu (Note on Oranges) 橘錄
橘录 		1178 Han Yanzhi[59] A record of 27 citrus species around Wenzhou and their characteristics and cultivation methods[60]
Tangshuang pu (Book of Crystal Sugar) 糖霜譜
糖霜谱 		1154 Wang Zhuo The first ancient Chinese monograph on sugarcane cultivation and cane sugar production methods
Xuanhe Era Tea Tribute from Beiyuan 宣和北苑貢茶錄
宣和北苑贡茶录 		1121-1125 Xiong Fan A record of 41 tea products from Fujian offered as tribute to Emperor Huizong of Song
Beiyuan Tea Tribute Addendum 北苑別錄
北苑别录 		1186 Zhao Ruli A supplement descriptive record to Xuanhe Era Tea Tribute from Beiyuan[61]
Xiepu (Notes on Crabs) 蟹譜
蟹谱 		1059 Fu Gong The earliest records of knowledges on crabs in China[62][63]
Xielüe (Crab Charts) 蟹略 Southern Song Gao Sisun A collection of knowledges and cultures about crabs in China as of Song Dynasty[64]
Junpu (Mushroom Manual) 菌譜
菌谱 		Southern Song Chen Renyu A documentation of 11 species of edible mushrooms, the earliest of its kind in China[65]
Dongjing Meng Hua Lu 東京夢華錄箋注
东京梦华录 		1127 Meng Yuanlao fl. 1126–1147 Journal of daily life in Kaifeng of 1102~1125[66]
Ducheng jisheng (The Famous Sages of the Capital) 都城紀勝
都城纪胜 		1235 Nai De Weng Descriptively recorded the life of the citizens and the prosperity of commerce in Lin'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty[67]
Wulin jiu shi 武林舊事
武林旧事 		Zhou Mi Recollections of past urban life in Lin'an, the capital of the Southern Song dynasty
Nan Song shisi ji (Marketplaces and Shops in Southern Song) 南宋市肆记 Zhou Mi Originally a volume of Wulin jiu shi, recorded all kinds of markets and shops in Lin'an.
Mengliang lu (Records of Dreams of Glory) 夢粱錄
梦粱录 		Wu Zimu From the imperial court ceremonies to commoner's diet and daily life, another recollections of Lin'an.
Wushi Zhongkuilu 吳氏中饋錄
吴氏中馈录 		Madame Wu The earliest Chinese cookbook written by a woman and one of the first to mention the use of soy sauce
Fanshenglu or Xihulaoren fanshenglu 繁胜录 or 西湖老人繁勝錄 A record of the urban life in Lin'an, similar to the Ducheng jisheng[68]

Jin dynasty

[edit]

Documents compiled during the Jin dynasty (1115–1234).

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Shiwu bencao (Materia Medica on Food) 食物本草 Li Gao (李杲), a major medical scholar of the time[69] A compilation of the rich dovuments on food as medicine in China as of Ming dynasty.[70]

Yuan dynasty

[edit]

During the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), contacts with the West also brought the introduction to China of a major food crop, sorghum, along with other foreign food products and methods of preparation.

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Nongshu (Agricultural Treatise) 農書
农书 		1149 Chen Fu Deals with paddy rice farming and sericulture in southern China[71]
Riyong bencao (Materia Medica for Daily Use)[72] 日用本草 1367[73] Wu Rui, an official medical authority One of famous works on dietetics written in the Yuan dynasty.[74] It lists of 540 common foods with medicinal properties.[73]
Yinshan zhengyao (Orthodox Essentials of Dietetics) 飮膳正要
饮膳正要 		Hu Sihui, an imperial dietary physician The book, that defines essential diets for a healthy person, is regarded as the first systematic document on nutritional principles in China.[69][75]
Nongsang yishi cuoyao (Fundamentals of Agriculture and Sericulture for Food and Clothes) 農桑衣食撮要
农桑衣食撮要 		1314 Lu Mingshan[76] Sugarcane and sugar manufacturing[77]
Yinshi xuzhi (Must Known for Diet) 飮食須知
饮食须知 		Jia Ming One of the famous works on a balanced and healthy diet which was written in the Yuan dynasty[69]
Yunlin tang yinshi zhidu ji (The Diet Preparation Methods of Yunlintang)[78][79] 雲林堂飲食制度集
云林堂饮食制度集 		Ni Zan, a famous painter The book recorded the author's homemade recipes, condiments, tea and wine, which reflects the style of Wuxi cuisine.[80][81][82]
Jujia biyong shilei quanji (Collection of Necessary Matters Ordered for the Householder)[83] 居家必用事類全集
居家必用事类全集 		1301 An encyclopedia that became a precursor to encyclopedias of the late Ming, and has a chapter devoted to "foods of the Muslims"[84][85] (gengji 庚集, jiji 己集)
Zhuanshi (A History of Cuisine) 饌史
馔史 		A compilation of anecdotes about diet extracted from Tang and Song books mentioned above on this page.[86]

Ming dynasty

[edit]

China during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) became involved in a new global trade of goods, plants, animals, and food crops known as the Columbian Exchange. Although the bulk of imports to China were silver, the Chinese also purchased New World crops from the Spanish Empire. This included sweet potatoes, maize, and peanuts, foods that could be cultivated in lands where traditional Chinese staple crops—wheat, millet, and rice—couldn't grow, hence facilitating population growth.[87][88] In the Song dynasty (960–1279), rice had become the major staple crop of the poor;[89] after sweet potatoes were introduced to China around 1560, they gradually became the traditional food of the lower classes.[90]

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Yiya yiyi (Yiya's Thoughts Remained) 易牙遗意 Han Yi More than 150 recipes of condiments, beverages, pastry, dishes, preserved fruits, etc.[91]
Tian chu ju zhenmiao zhuan ji (Heavenly Chefs' Collection of Wonderful Dishes) 天厨聚珍妙馔集 A collection of fine dining recipes
Shenyin or Quxian shenyin shu (Quxian's Reclusive Life) 神隐 or 臞仙神隐书 Zhu Quan A record of the rustic, hermit-like life of a practitioner of Taoism, including details of farming, the food process and the diet.[92]
Jiuhuang Bencao (Materia Medica for the Relief of Famine) 救荒本草 Zhu Su The book newly mentions most edible plants.[93]
Shijian bencao (Food Guide for Materia Medica) 食鉴本草 1522～1566 Ning Yuan A work on dietary therapy, in which 251 items of food and ingredients were recorded, each with its medical attribute.[93]
Bianmin tu zuan (Illustrated Farmer's Guide) 便民图纂 Kuang Fan An encyclopedia of farmers' daily use. Volume 15 covers food and other topics.[94]
Yecai pu (Wild Vegetable Manual) 野菜谱 1524 Wang Pan A collection of 60 edible wild herbs, each with an illustration.[95]
Songshi yangsheng bu (Song's Book of Nourishment) 宋氏养生部 1504 Song Xu It recorded 1010 food items, 1340 recipes and 160 methods of processing and preserving foods.[96]
Yunlin yishi 云林遗事 Gu Yuanqing A collection of stories about Ni Zan, includes a chapter about his diet.
Shiwu bencao (Food Materia Medica) 食物本草 Wang Ying Greatly contributed to the development of medical foods.[93]
Shipin ji (Food Collection) 食品集 1537 Wu Lu It documents 350 types of food, divided into seven sections: cereals, fruits, vegetables, animals, poultry, insects and fish, and water.  For each food, it describes its nature and taste, toxicity, advantages and disadvantages of consumption, functions and indications. It also includes cooking methods for the foods.[97]
Guang junpu (Broad Mushroom Manual) 广菌谱 Pan Zhiheng A documentation of 19 species of edible mushrooms and 4 species of edible non-macrofungi[98]
Bencao gangmu (The Compendium of Materia Medica) 本草纲目 1578–1608 Li Shizhen А total of 1892 medical substances are addressed in the book, and food items make up a significant portion of them.[93]
Mo'e xiaolu 墨娥小录 Regards various delicacies in food, drink, etc.
Duo neng bi shi 多能鄙事 Liu Ji The book is divided into eleven sections containing essential knowledge for everyday life. Volumes 1 to 4 deal with food and cuisine.
Rucao bian 茹草编 Zhou Lüjing A collection of 105 edible wild herbs, each with an illustration
Jujia bibei (Home Essentials) 居家必备 A household encyclopedia, Volume 7 covers brewing, tea making and cooking.
Zunsheng bajian (Eight Letter on Life Cultivation)[99] 遵生八笺 Gao Lian The "eating and drinking" part recorded more than 3,200 recipes for beverages, foods, dishes, and medicaments.[100]
Yesupin (Classes of Wild Vegetables) 野蔌品 Gao Lian It includes descriptions of 96 wild-grown edible plants with details on their appearance, character and the way of cooking them.[101]
Haiwei suoyin

(Index of Seafood Products)

海味索引 Tu Benjun A record of 16 aquatic products, to correct errors in earlier such books.[102]
Minzhong haicuoshu 闽中海错疏 Tu Benjun Records of marine animals along the coast of Fujian.[102]
Yecai jian (Wild Vegetable Paper) 野菜笺 Tu Benjun Records 22 common edible wild plants in the author's hometown.
Shantang sikao 山堂肆考 1595 Peng Dayi (彭大翼) A 5-part encyclopedia with 240 volumes, including volumes on food and beverages, cereals, vegetables, and fruits.
Yecai bolu (Extensive Record of Wild Plants) 野菜博录 1622 Bao Shan Records of 435 edible wild plants.[103]
Shangyi bencao 上医本草 1620 Zhao Nanxing Records of more than 200 food items that are also used medicinally
Shangzheng (Regiment of the beaker) 觞政 Yuan Hongdao Drinking games and customs
Nongzheng quanshu (Encyclopedia of Agriculture) 农政全书 Xu Guangqi Details of agricultural practices with the effects of the climate and landscape
Yangyu yueling 养余月令 1633 Dai Xi A farmer's encyclopaedia organised by month of the year
Jiushi (Wine History) 酒史 Feng Shihua Chinese wine knowledge, customs and culture

Qing dynasty

[edit]

Documents compiled during the Qing dynasty (1644–1912).

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Xianqing ouji (Leisure Time) 闲情偶寄 Li Yu Contains a section on food and drink
Min xiao ji 闽小记 1647 Zhou Lianggong Narrative of Fukienese folklore, produce and trivia[104]
Yinshi xuzhi (Necessary Dietary Information) 饮食须知 Zhu Benzhong[105] Dietary do's and don'ts from a medical scientist[106]
Tiaodingji 调鼎集 A cookery book compiled in the mid-Qing dynasty and collected the practical experience of cooks.[107]
Shiwu bencao huizuan 食物本草会纂 1691 Shen Lilong Records of 220 foods that are also used medicinally, listing the nature, taste and function of each.[108]
Jiangnan yuxianpin (Fish species from the Lower Yangtze) 江南鱼鲜品 Chen Jian The book recorded 21 species of food fish.
Gui'eryue 簋贰约 You Tong
Riyong suzi 日用俗字 Pu Songling A literacy textbook based on objects and contents of everyday life, which has a chapter on foods and one on vegetables
Shixian hongmi 食宪鸿秘 Zhu Yizun Over 400 recipes for condiments, drinks, dishes and pastries.[109]
Fan you shi'er heshuo (Twelve Thoughts on Meals) 饭有十二合说 Zhang Ying Gains of knowledge and thoughts about meals[110]
Yuanjian leihan (Categorized boxes of the Yuanjian Studio) 渊鉴类函 A large encyclopedia compiled in imperial order, with sections on foods, grains, medicinal herbs, vegetables and fruits.[111]
Juchang yinzhuan lu 居常饮馔录 Cao Yin A compilation of dietary works from Song and Ming dynastyies[112]
Complete Classics Collection of Ancient China 古今图书集成 1700–1725 Chen Menglei and Jiang Tingxi The food section is included in the Economy part
Xu chajing (The Sequel to Classic of Tea) 续茶经 Lu Tingcan A combing and recording of tea production and consumption from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.
Gezhi jingyuan (Mirrored contexts for thorough investigations) 格致镜原 Chen Yuanlong An encyclopedia of which the volume 6 covers food and drink.
Nongpu bianlan (Overview of agriculture and gardening) 农圃便览 1755 Ding Yizeng The book provides information on techniques for growing staple foods, legumes, fruits and flowers, as well as forecasting or treating and processing agricultural products, including brewing, cooking and medical treatment. [113]
Xingyuan lu 醒园录 Li Huanan A culinary book with recipes for dishes, pastries, snacks, brewing methods as well as food preservation methods.[114]
Yangsheng suibi 养生随笔 1773 Cao Tingdong Health care knowledges for the elderly, the 5th volume is dedicated to congees listing 100 recipes[115]
Suiyuan shidan (Recipes from the Garden of Contentment) 随园食单 1792 Yuan Mei A work on cooking and gastronomy
Wu xun pu (Wu region mushroom manual) 吴蕈谱 1683 Wu Lin A documentation of 26 edible mushrooms commonly found around Suzhou, and also listed inedible, poisonous mushrooms of the area[116]
Jihai cuo (Notes on Marine Products) 记海错 1814 Hao Yixing A book recording common marine animals and plants along the coast of northern China[117]
Zhengsuwen (Recognition of misused Characters) 证俗文 Hao Yixing A dictionary to rectify Chinese characters often misused in everyday life. The first volume covers names and terms relating to food and drink[118]
Xilüe (On Vinegar) 醯略 Zhao Xin A collection of texts on vinegar from over 100 ancient Chinese works.[119]
Yangxiaolu (Gourmet's Note) 养小录 1698 Gu Zhong In 22 categories, the book describes the preparation of 276 drinks, condiments, dishes and pastries.[120]
Yangzhou huafang lu 扬州画舫录 1795 Li Dou The book describes life in the merchants' quarters of Yangzhou, including its food and teahouses.[121]
Tiaoji yinshi bian (Conditioning the sick body through diet) 调疾饮食辨 1823 Zhang Mu The book contains the medicinal properties of more than six hundred kinds of foods[122][123]
Qing jia lu 清嘉录 Gu Lu The book describes the folk customs, human history and natural scenery of the Suzhou area.[124]
Tongqiao yizhao lu 桐桥倚棹录 Gu Lu A local journal describing the landscape, scenic spots, temples, monuments, and handicrafts in the area of Huqiu and Shantang in Suzhou.[125]
Suixiju yinshipu 随息居饮食谱 1861 Wang Shixiong The book includes more than330 food items and provides a detailed discussion of the tastes, characteristics and effects on the body of various drinks and foods, as well as their medical uses from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine.[126]
Lü Yuan Cong Hua Yinengpian 履园丛话·艺能篇 Qian Yong There's one chapter titled "Cooking".[127]
Zhongkui lu 中馈录 Peng Songyu
Huya 湖雅 Wang Yuezhen A dictionary-like glossary of the rich agricultural and fishery products of Huzhou[128]
Zhongkui lu 中馈录 Zeng Yi Recorded process for the production of air-dried hams, sausages and other food products, and condiments[129]
Zhoupu (Guang Zhoupu) 粥谱
广粥谱 		Huang Yunhu A book specialising in the preparation of congee[130]
Xinbian jiazhengxue (New Home Economics) 新编家政学 Part 4, chapter 3 is on diet.
Chengdu tonglan 成都通览 Fu Chongju A book reflecting the whole picture of Chengdu society in the late Qing Dynasty. Volume 7 is on food and drink.[131]

Post-Qing period

[edit]

Documents compiled after the Qing dynasty.

Title Chinese name Date Author Description
Zaoyangfan shu Western Cookbook 造洋饭书 1909 The earliest western cookbook in China. It is divided into 25 chapters, which introduce the ingredients and cooking methods of western food.
Shipin jiawei beilan Overview of Food Delicacy 食品佳味备览 He Yun Shi Listed over 200 famous specialty foods in different parts of China, occasionally involves famous restaurants and the method of preparing dishes.[132]
Qingbai leichao

Anthology of Petty Matters in Qing

清稗类钞 1917 Xu Ke An anthology of historiographical essays from the entire Qing period includes all aspects of history, society, state, the arts and human life.[133]
Pengren yiban

Introduction to cooking

烹饪一斑 1935 Lu Shoujian An introductory cookery book for beginners[134]
Jiating shipu Family recipes 家庭食谱 1916 Li Gong'er Recipes for family meals and dishes.[135]
Xican pengren mijue Tips for cooking Western food 西餐烹饪秘诀 1921 Li Gong'er [136]
Jiating shipu xubian Family Recipes Sequel 家庭食谱续编 1924 Shi Xisheng Recipes for family meals and dishes.[137]
Jiating shipu sanbian Family Recipes Third 家庭食谱三编 Shi Xisheng A follow-up of the Family Recipes Sequel[138]
Jiating shipu sibian Family Recipes Four 家庭食谱四编 Shi Xisheng A follow-up of the Family Recipes Third[139]
Sushi pu Vegetarian Manual 素食谱 1925 Shi Xisheng More than 250 recipes for vegetarian dishes[140]
Jiashi shixi baojian 家事实习宝鉴 1918 Wang Yanlun A guide to the different categories of household chores, including family meals cooking.[141]
Zhijia quanshu 治家全书 1919 Gao Jianhua An encyclopedia of women with a section on culinary expertise.[142]
Jiating wanbao quanshu 家庭万宝全书 Includes a section of culinary expertise.
Sushi shenglun 素食养生论 Yamazaki Kesaya Translated from the original Japanese book. Argues that vegetarianism is good for health.[143]
Shanghai kuailan

Shanghai Quick Browse

上海快览 1924 Tao Fengzi A guide for visitors or new residents of Shanghai, including a chapter introducing the restaurants and diners. [144]
Shiwu xin bencao (New Materia Medica of Food) 食物新本草 Translated from the original Japanese book. Introduces modern Western concepts and knowledge of nutrition and food hygiene[145]
Qinan kuailan

Jinan Quick Browse

济南快览 1927 Zhou Chuanming A guide for visitors or new residents of Jinan, including a chapter introducing the restaurants and diners.
Beiping caipu (Beiping Recipes) 北平菜谱 1931 A collection of recipes of the dishes that were served at the Dalian Liaodong Hotel[132]
Minzhong changshi congshu (People's Common Knowledge) 民众常识丛书 Yue Junshi Household tips aimed at female readers, including a section on culinary expertise[146]
Jinan daguan

Getting to Know Jinan

济南大观 1934 Luo Tengxiao A guide for visitors to Jinan, including a chapter introducing the restaurants and diners.[147]
Yinshi yu jiankang Diet and health 饮食与健康 1936 Zhang Enting Introduces the relationship between diet and health from the perspective of modern food chemistry and Western nutrition.[148]
Beiping fengsu leizheng 北平风俗类征 1937 Li Jiarui Detailed and systematic collection of Beijing folk customs, including eating habits.[149]
Feishi shiyang sanzhong 费氏食养三种 1938 Fei Zibin

Fei Boxiong

Three books on dietary therapy.[150]
Shiyong yinshixue Practical Dietetics 实用饮食学 1939 Gong Lanzhen

Zhou Xuan

A textbook on healthy eating and nutrition.[151]
Xin shipu Latest Recipe 新食谱 1941 Ren Bangzhe

Lin Guogao

Nutritional components in the foods of daily diet.[152]
Sushi shuolü 素食说略 Xue Baochen The recipes of more than 170 kinds of vegetarian dishes popular in the late Qing Dynasty.[153]
Chifan wenti Questions to Eating 吃饭问题 1944 Shan Yingmin Popular knowledge books on diet and nutrition.[154]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Siku Quanshu (Wenyuange Edition)".
  2. ^ Birdwhistell, Anne D. (1996). Li Yong (1627-1705) and Epistemological Dimensions of Confucian Philosophy. Stanford University Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-8047-2605-4.
  3. ^ Pohl, Karl-Heinz (1999). Chinese Thought in a Global Context: A Dialogue Between Chinese and Western Philosophical Approaches. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-11426-5.
  4. ^ Métailié, Georges (2015). Science and Civilisation in China, vol. VI, Biology and Biological Technology, Part 4, Traditional Botany: an Ethnobotanical Approach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1107109872.
  5. ^ Alternative translations are Important Arts for the People's Welfare, The Manual of Important Arts for the People, Essential Techniques of Keeping Order among the Common People, The Art of Feeding the People, Important Technology for the People's Welfare, or Essential Farming Skills of the People of Qi.
  6. ^ Needham, 1995, p. 189
  7. ^ Lewis, Mark Edward (2009). China Between Empires: The Northern and Southern Dynasties. Harvard University Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-674-02605-6.
  8. ^ Wenhua Li, 2001 Agro-Ecological Farming Systems in China Taylor & Francis, p. 26 -27 ISBN 92-3-103784-6
  9. ^ "《食经》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  10. ^ Joseph Needham, Donald B. Wagner, Ling Wang (2008) Science and Civilisation in China Cambridge University Press, p. 372 ISBN 0-521-87566-8
  11. ^ 북당서초 北堂書鈔 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.[permanent dead link‍]
  12. ^ Brown, Kendall H. (1997-01-01). The Politics of Reclusion: Paintineg and Power in Momoyama Japan. University of Hawaii Press. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-8248-1913-2.
  13. ^ Pearce, Scott; Spiro, Audrey G.; Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (2001). Culture and Power in the Reconstitution of the Chinese Realm, 200-600. Harvard Univ Asia Center. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-674-00523-5.
  14. ^ Hou, Joseph P.; Jin, Youyu (2005). The Healing Power of Chinese Herbs and Medicinal Recipes. Psychology Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-7890-2202-8.
  15. ^ "《中国饮食典籍史》". 上海古籍出版社. 2012. p. 123. Archived from the original on 2021-12-29. Retrieved 2021-02-02.
  16. ^ Wilkinson, 2002, p.649
  17. ^ Alternative translations are Pharmacopoeia of Foods for Treating Illness, Nutritional Therapy; a Pharmacopoeia of Natural History or Health Food and Curative Herbs
  18. ^ Hu, Shiu-ying (2005). Food Plants of China. Chinese University Press. ISBN 978-962-996-229-6.
  19. ^ a b Hsu, Elisabeth (2001-09-27). Innovation in Chinese Medicine. Cambridge University Press. pp. 184–187. ISBN 978-0-521-80068-6.
  20. ^ Peng Yoke Ho, F. Peter Lisowski Concepts of Chinese science and traditional healing arts p.35
  21. ^ Chiffolo, Anthony F.; Hesse, Rayner W. (2006-08-30). Cooking with the Bible: Biblical Food, Feasts, and Lore. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 339. ISBN 978-0-313-33410-8.
  22. ^ Wu, Dingbo; Murphy, Patrick Dennis (1994). Handbook of Chinese Popular Culture. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-313-27808-2.
  23. ^ An alternative translation is "Record of Waters for Boiing Tea"
  24. ^ Wang, Ling (2005). Tea and Chinese Culture. Long River Press. pp. 43–44. ISBN 978-1-59265-025-5.
  25. ^ Gleaming Qing Ming—Exhibition of China Tea Culture Literature Tea Cultural Museum of Macao
  26. ^ Peiwen Li, Li Peiwen (2003) Management of Cancer with Chinese Medicine Donica Publishing Limited, p. 353 ISBN 1-901149-04-8
  27. ^ 식의심감 食醫心鑑 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.[permanent dead link‍]
  28. ^ "《岭表录异》中记述的唐代岭南山珍海错". www.wenxuecity.com (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  29. ^ August Johan Bernet Kempers The kettledrums of Southeast Asia p. 179
  30. ^ Joseph Needham, Colin A. Ronan The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China p. 251
  31. ^ Losso, 2007 p. 102
  32. ^ Ebrey et al. 1999, p. 156
  33. ^ Brook, 1998, p. 96
  34. ^ Theobald, Ulrich. "Shanfulu 膳夫錄 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  35. ^ Joseph Needham, Ling Wang Science and Civilisation in China p. 127
  36. ^ "清异录 – 书格". www.shuge.org. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  37. ^ Needham, Joseph; Ronan, Colin A. (1978). The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5. Cambridge University Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-521-46773-5.
  38. ^ "笋谱 – 书格（旧版）". old.shuge.org. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  39. ^ Valder, Peter (1999). The Garden Plants of China. Timber Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-0-88192-470-1.
  40. ^ (in French) Association française d'études chinoises (1997) Etudes chinoises L'Association, p. 10
  41. ^ Alternative translations are Pure Dinner at a Mountain House, or The Simple Life of a Mountain Dweller.
  42. ^ Berg, Daria; Starr, Chloë (2007). The Quest for Gentility in China: Negotiations Beyond Gender and Class. Routledge. pp. 181–182. ISBN 978-0-415-43586-4.
  43. ^ Mazumdar, p. 29
  44. ^ Serventi, Silvano; Sabban, Françoise (2002). Pasta: The Story of a Universal Food. Columbia University Press. p. 319. ISBN 978-0-231-12442-3.
  45. ^ Hong Lin, Zongyi Tao, Ting Tao Ru cao ji shi
  46. ^ Huang, Tingjian, 1045–1105 City University of Hong Kong
  47. ^ (in Korean) Prof. Jo Mun-su (조문수교수) 궁중음식 Jeju University
  48. ^ An alternative translation is New Writings on Fostering the Longevity and Nourishing the Old Age of One's Parents
  49. ^ 李治安 (in Chinese) 2005 元史论丛/第十辑/元代社会文化暨元世祖忽必烈国际学术研讨会论文集 p. 407
  50. ^ Fabrizio Pregadio The encyclopedia of Taoism 中国广播电视出版社 p. 269 ISBN 7-5043-4546-6
  51. ^ Catharina Yung-Kang Wang Ang, KeShun Liu, Yao-Wen Huang 1999 Asian foods: science & technology CRC Press, p. 389 ISBN 1-56676-736-9
  52. ^ Bob Flaws 1994 Chinese Medicinal Wines & Elixirs Blue Poppy Enterprises, Inc., p. 15 ISBN 0-936185-58-9
  53. ^ "宋代宫廷饮食缕——皇帝的餐桌" (PDF). 故宫博物院 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  54. ^ Kit Boey Chow, Ione Kramer, 1990 All the tea in China China Books, p. 8 ISBN 0-8351-2194-1
  55. ^ Peter Valder, 1999 The Garden Plants of China Timber Press p. 301 ISBN 0-88192-470-9
  56. ^ International Conference on the History of Science in East Asia, Alan Kam-leung Chan, Gregory K. Clancey, Hui-Chieh Loy, 2001 Historical perspectives on East Asian science, technology, and medicine World Scientific p. 173 ISBN 9971-69-259-7
  57. ^ "东溪试茶录". JD.com (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  58. ^ "品茶要录". 中国哲学书电子化计划. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  59. ^ |Schlegel, Rolf H. J. (15 December 2017). History of Plant Breeding. CRC Press. pp. 49–. ISBN 978-1-351-58895-9.
  60. ^ "橘录". 中国科学院自然科学史研究所 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-10-12.
  61. ^ "北苑别录". 福建炎黄纵横 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  62. ^ "《蟹谱》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  63. ^ Clancey, Gregory K.; Loy, Hui-Chieh (2001). Historical Perspectives on East Asian Science, Technology, and Medicine. World Scientific. p. 173. ISBN 978-9971-69-259-9.
  64. ^ "《蟹略》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  65. ^ "《菌谱》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  66. ^ "《东京梦华录》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  67. ^ "《都城纪胜》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  68. ^ "《西湖老人繁胜录》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  69. ^ a b c Losso, 2007, p. 102
  70. ^ 校注; 魏启亮; 程英; 王如彤 (2018-05-01). 食物本草(点校本)(精). 人民卫生出版社 译者. ISBN 978-7-117-24625-5.
  71. ^ Wilkinson, 1998, p. 629
  72. ^ It can be translated as Materia Medica of Everyday Food Items
  73. ^ a b Heiner Fruehauf, (March 1998) The Ginkgo: Cultural Background and Medicinal Usage in China, The Journal of Chinese Medicine
  74. ^ Losso, 2007, p.102 – 103
  75. ^ Newman, 2004, p. 19-20
  76. ^ Gang Deng, 1999 Maritime sector, institutions, and sea power of premodern China, Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 260 ISBN 0-313-30712-1
  77. ^ Mazumdar, Sucheta (1998). Sugar and Society in China: Peasants, Technology, and the World Market. Harvard Univ Asia Center. p. 134. ISBN 978-0-674-85408-6.
  78. ^ Wilkinson, 2000, p.649
  79. ^ Alternative titles are Cloud Forest Hall Collection of Rules for Drinking and Eating or Dietetic Systems of Yunlin
  80. ^ "《云林堂饮食制度集》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  81. ^ Newman, 2004, p.20
  82. ^ Jacqueline M. Newman, Summer 2000 About: 14th Century eating/drinking rules and recipes; Book awards; Upcoming Chinese New Year
  83. ^ An alternative translation is Complete Collection of Classified Affairs Essential for Those Living at Home
  84. ^ March 2006 Beijing Halal China Heritage Project, The Australian National University, No. 5
  85. ^ Elman, Benjamin A. (2005-04-30). On Their Own Terms: Science in China, 1550-1900. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01685-9.
  86. ^ "《馔史》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  87. ^ Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999). The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-66991-X
  88. ^ Crosby, Alfred W., Jr. (2003). The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492; 30th Anniversary Edition. Westport: Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0-275-98092-8.
  89. ^ Gernet, Jacques (1962). Daily Life in China on the Eve of the Mongol Invasion, 1250–1276. Translated by H. M. Wright. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-0720-0, 136.
  90. ^ Crosby, Alfred W., Jr. (2003). The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492; 30th Anniversary Edition. Westport: Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0-275-98092-8, 200.
  91. ^ 韩奕 撰; 邱庞 注释 (September 1984). 易牙遗意. 15235-121 (in Chinese). 中国商业出版社.
  92. ^ "《臞仙神隐书》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  93. ^ a b c d Losso, 2007, p. 103
  94. ^ "便民图纂（明. 邝璠编）明万历 21 年于永清刊本 – 书格". www.shuge.org. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  95. ^ "《野菜谱》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  96. ^ "《宋氏养生部》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-13.
  97. ^ "食品集 – 书格（旧版）". old.shuge.org. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  98. ^ "《广菌谱》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  99. ^ Pi, Kuoli (March 2023). "A Preliminary Study of Medical Books on Health Care for the Elderly and Prolonging Life in the Early 20th Century". Chinese Medicine and Culture. 6 (1): 33–45. doi:10.1097/MC9.0000000000000039. ISSN 2589-9627.
  100. ^ 高濂. 饮馔服食笺. 中国商业出版社. ISBN 978-7-5208-0936-8.
  101. ^ Theobald, Ulrich. "Yesupin 野蔌品 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  102. ^ a b "屠本畯". agri-history.ihns.ac.cn. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  103. ^ "《野菜博录》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  104. ^ "《闽小纪》". 故宫博物院 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  105. ^ Cheng-Tsai Liu; Liu Zheng-cai; Ka Hua (1999). A Study of Daoist Acupuncture & Moxibustion. Blue Poppy Enterprises, Inc. p. 35. ISBN 1-891845-08-X.
  106. ^ "《饮食须知》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  107. ^ 调鼎集. 11237-020 (in Chinese). China: 中国商业出版社.
  108. ^ "《食物本草会纂》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  109. ^ "《食宪鸿秘》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  110. ^ "《饭有十二合说》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  111. ^ Theobald, Ulrich. "Yuanjian leihan 淵鑒類函 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  112. ^ "《居常饮馔录》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  113. ^ Theobald, Ulrich. "Nongpu bianlan 農圃便覽 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  114. ^ "《醒园录》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  115. ^ "《养生随笔》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  116. ^ "《吴蕈谱》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  117. ^ "《记海错》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  118. ^ "證俗文". 中华经典古籍库. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  119. ^ "醯略（簡體書）". 三民網路書店 (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  120. ^ "《养小录》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  121. ^ "《扬州画舫录》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  122. ^ 章穆. 调疾饮食辩. 中医古籍出版社 出版年: 1999-05. ISBN 978-7-80013-051-9.
  123. ^ "饮食辨录 - 中医古籍数据库". www.qihuang.vip. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  124. ^ 顾禄撰. 清嘉录. 明清笔记丛书 统一书号: 10186-639. 上海古籍出版社.
  125. ^ 顾禄. 桐桥倚棹录. 上海古籍出版社.
  126. ^ 王士雄. 随息居饮食谱 (in Chinese). 三秦出版社. ISBN 978-7-80628-920-4.
  127. ^ "履园丛话（清）钱泳". www.guoxue123.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
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  129. ^ "《中馈录》 - 《中国大百科全书》第三版网络版". www.zgbk.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  130. ^ Theobald, Ulrich. "Zhoupu 粥譜 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
  131. ^ 傅崇矩. 成都通览 (in Chinese). 天地出版社. ISBN 978-7-5455-1025-6.
  132. ^ a b 萧帆 (1992). 中国烹饪辞典 (in Chinese). 中国商业出版社. p. 666. ISBN 9787504413871.
  133. ^ Theobald, Ulrich. "Qingbai leichao 清稗類鈔 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
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  135. ^ "民國·李公耳：家庭食譜 – 心一堂出版社". publish.sunyata.cc. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  136. ^ 西餐烹饪秘诀 (in Chinese). 世界书局. 1921.
  137. ^ 家庭食譜續編(POD) - 【民國】時希聖 - 國家網路書店 (in Chinese).
  138. ^ 家庭食譜三編(POD) - 【民國】時希聖 - 國家網路書店 (in Chinese).
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  141. ^ "家事实习宝鉴 民国7[1918] 王言纶编-jiuwenku". jiuwenku.com. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
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  146. ^ 陶, 振纲; 张, 廉明 (1986). 中国烹饪文献提要 (in Chinese). 中国商业出版社. p. 145.
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References

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