This is a list of major stock exchange mergers and acquisitions in the Americas. It also features the name of any resultant stock exchanges from mergers or acquisitions. According to Robert E. Wright of Bloomberg in 2013, historians assert that "rather than exhibiting a trend of constant consolidation, the number of exchanges active across the globe has waxed and waned several times over the past 200 years... During periods of heightened regulation, political turmoil or communication advances, exchanges tend to fail or merge. Economic prosperity, increased financial speculation and high levels of market uncertainty, by contrast, drive new entries."[1]
1991: Bolsa de Mercadorias de São Paulo (São Paulo Mercantile Exchange) merged with Bolsa Mercantil e de Futuros (Mercantile and Futures Exchange)[3]
Merged entity named Bolsa de Mercadorias e Futuros — BM&F (Brazilian Mercantile and Futures Exchange)
1991: Bolsa Brasileira de Futuros (Brazilian Futures Exchange) merged with Bolsa de Mercadorias e Futuros[3]
Name kept as Bolsa de Mercadorias e Futuros
2000: Bolsa de Valores do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro Stock Exchange) acquired by Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo — BOVESPA (São Paulo Stock Exchange)[3]
2008: Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo merged with Bolsa de Mercadorias e Futuros[3]
Merged entity named BM&FBOVESPA
2017: Central de Custódia e Liquidação Financeira de Títulos Privados — CETIP (Central for Custody and Financial Settlement of Private Securities) merged with BM&FBOVESPA[3]