Categories
List of wars involving Pakistan
From Wikipedia - Reading time: 23 min
| History of Pakistan |
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| Timeline |
Since its establishment in 1947, Pakistan has been involved in numerous armed conflicts, both domestically and internationally. Historically and presently, the primary focus of its military operations has been on neighboring India, with whom Pakistan has fought four major wars, as well as the Siachen conflict, frequent border skirmishes, and standoffs. The two nations have had a hostile and turbulent relationship since their independence from the United Kingdom and subsequent war over the Himalayan region of Jammu and Kashmir. Both India and Pakistan claim Kashmir in its entirety but have not exercised control over the entire region, which remains divided and contested between the two states by the Line of Control. The Kashmir conflict has seen extensive—albeit unsuccessful—intervention and mediation by the United Nations.
Pakistan has also had a turbulent relationship with neighbouring Afghanistan,[1] characterized by armed border skirmishes and periods of diplomatic tension. The Pakistani government has increased military activity along the Afghanistan–Pakistan border and built a border barrier to crack down on illegal immigration, militancy,[2] and smuggling.[3][4]
Outside of its home region of South Asia, Pakistan has also engaged in international conflicts in the Middle East and Africa as part of larger coalitions, and remains one of the largest contributors of troops to various United Nations peacekeeping missions. The country was designated as a major non-NATO ally by the United States in 2004,[5] and has participated extensively in the American-led War on Terror following the 9/11 attacks.
List
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See also
[edit]- Outline of Pakistan military history
- Other military conflicts involving Pakistan:
Notes
[edit]- ^ Both the Korean conflict and the 1991 Persian Gulf War involved more troops, but were essentially U.S.-initiated military coalitions that won U.N. Security Council approval. UNOC forces were drawn from such countries as Burma, Sri Lanka, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Liberia, Malaya, Mali, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Sweden and Tunisia. The United States, the Soviet Union, Britain and Canada provided funding and air transport. The total cost of the four-year operation was $400 million.Pg.244.[32]
References
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- ^ Farmer, Ben; Mehsud, Ihsanullah Tipu (2020-03-15). "Pakistan Builds Border Fence, Limiting Militants and Families Alike". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
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- ^ Suryanarayan, V. (1981). "Presidential Address: India and the Indonesian Revolution". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 42: 549–562. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44141175.
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- ^ Leake 2017, pp. 139–141.
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- ^ Shah, Farzana (2021-07-21). "Afghan Conflict & Pashtun Tahafuz Movement misplaced Pashtunistan romanticism". Voice of KP. Archived from the original on 2024-06-08. Retrieved 2024-06-08.
- ^ Leake 2017, p. 137.
- ^ Leake 2017, pp. 136–137.
- ^ Mohammad Hussain Hunarmal. "The formidable Faqir". The News. Archived from the original on 13 February 2021.
- ^ a b Martel 2012, p. 712.
- ^
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Prince Agha Abdul Karim Baloch, father of Irfan Karim and younger brother of Khan-e-Kalat Mir Ahmed Yar Khan, had revolted against his brother's decision of accession of Kalat State to Pakistan at the request of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah in 1948. Abdul Karim took refuge in Afghanistan to wage an armed resistance against Pakistan. However, he ultimately surrendered to Pakistan in 1950.
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Pakistani combat pilots also flew RSAF English Electric Lightning supersonic fighter aircraft during the al-Wadiah War between Saudi Arabia and the People's Republic of South Yemen in 1969.
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- ^ Abbas, Hassan (2005). Pakistan's Drift Into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America's War on Terror. M.E. Sharpe. p. 79. ISBN 0-7656-1496-0.
- ^ Jalal, Ayesha (2007). The State of Martial Rule: The Origins of Pakistan's Political Economy of Defence. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521051842.
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- ^ a b Paliwal, Avinash (2017). My Enemy's Enemy: India in Afghanistan from the Soviet Invasion to the US Withdrawal. Oxford University Press. pp. 38, 240 and 241. ISBN 9780190685829.
- ^ Emadi, H. (18 October 2010). Dynamics of Political Development in Afghanistan: The British, Russian, and American Invasions. Springer. pp. 94–95. ISBN 9780230112001.
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- ^ See sections Bombardments and Timeline 1994, Januari-June
- ^ See section Bombardments
- ^ See sections Atrocities and Timeline
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- ^ a b "Pakistan: $1 billion from U.S. to fight terror". Aki/Dawn. 14 November 2006. Retrieved 24 November 2006. [dead link]
- ^ a b Bergen, Peter; Tiedemann, Katherine (3 June 2009). "The Drone War". New America Foundation. Archived from the original on 6 December 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2011.
- ^ a b "Obama unveils new US policy for Pakistan, Afghanistan". Archived from the original on 1 April 2009. Retrieved 2 July 2009.
Unfolding a new US strategy to defeat Taliban and Al-Qaeda, Obama said Pakistan must be 'stronger partner' in destroying Al-Qaeda safe havens. In this connection, he said Pakistan would be provided financial assistance of 1.5 billion dollars each year for the next five years.
- ^ a b c Mehsud, Katharine Houreld (12 March 2015). "Pakistani splinter group rejoins Taliban amid fears of isolation". Reuters. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Pakistan says has eliminated Uighur militants from territory". Reuters. 18 October 2015.
- ^ a b "Pakistan Taliban splinter group vows allegiance to Islamic State". Reuters. 18 November 2014. Archived from the original on 19 November 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
- ^ a b c d e Says, Battu (31 March 2015). "Uzbek militants in Afghanistan pledge allegiance to ISIS in beheading video". The Khaama Press News Agency. Archived from the original on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
- ^ a b Javaid, U. and Javaid, R. (2016). Zarb-e-Azb: A Successful Initiative to Curtail Terrorism. South Asian Studies, 31(1), 281–296. – Argues that Operation Zarb-e-Azb was highly successful in dismantling terrorist networks in North Waziristan.
- ^ Khan, S.R. and Khan, A. (2020). From War to Peace: The Challenges and Opportunities in Pakistan's Counter-Terrorism Environment Post Operation Zarb-e-Azb. Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism, 15(2), 121–139. – Notes that Operation Zarb-e-Azb secured control over previous militant strongholds and denied them space.
- ^ Gulf News (2016, June 16). Two years after 'Zarb-e-Azb': Pakistan stronger against terror. https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/two-years-after-zarb-e-azb-pakistan-stronger-against-terror-1.1850692 – Contemporary news analysis of the success of Operation Zarb-e-Azb after two years.
- ^ Roul, A. (2016). How Operation Zarb-e-Azb Changed Pakistan's Tribal Areas. Jamestown Foundation Terrorism Monitor, 14(12), 5–7. – Discusses gains made by Pakistan army in previously uncontrolled tribal areas during the operation.
- ^ Weinbaum, Marvin G. (2017). "Insurgency and Violent Extremism in Pakistan". Small Wars & Insurgencies. 28 (1): 45. doi:10.1080/09592318.2016.1266130. S2CID 151596312.
- ^ "Drone War: Pakistan". The Bureau of Investigative Journalism. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
- ^ "Pakistan Leaders Killed" Archived 18 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine. New America Foundation. 23 June 2018
- ^ "US Drone Kills Afghan-Based Pakistani Taliban Commander". Voice of America (VOA). 4 July 2018.
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- ^ "Iran Sunni Baloch Insurgents: "Union with Hizbul-Furqan Strengthens Our Front Against Safavids"". 21 December 2013.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
irpwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Ayaz, Ahmed. "Islamic State Comes to Balochistan". THE DIPLOMAT. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
- ^ "Islamic State Announces 'Pakistan Province'". www.voanews.com. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
- ^ "دولت اسلامیہ: نام نہاد 'پاکستان صوبے' کے نام سے پہلی ویڈیو جاری". BBC News اردو (in Urdu). 2021-03-23. Retrieved 2024-06-17.
- ^ a b B Raman (25 January 2003). "Iraq's shadow on Balochistan". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 15 April 2003.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Over 300 anti-state militants surrender arms in Balochistan". Dawn News. 9 December 2017.
The largest province of the country by area, Balochistan is home to a low-level insurgency by ethnic Baloch separatists.
- ^ Desk, Quetta Voice Web (20 December 2023). "BNA Commander Sarfaraz Bangulzai Along With 72 Militants Surrender". Quetta Voice Breaking News, English News, Technology, Health. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
- ^ Zia Ur Rehman (May 2014), "The Baluch insurgency: linking Iran to Pakistan" (PDF), The Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 May 2016
- ^ "Operation Raddul Fasaad: Huge cache of weapons recovered from Balochistan". The News International. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
- ^ "Zehri meets Khan of Kalat in London". Dawn News. 15 August 2015.
- ^ "IB advise talks with Baloch separatists". Dawn News. 29 February 2012.
- ^ Syed, Baqir Sajjad (15 July 2017). "Pakistan helped Iraq in defeating IS, says Iraqi envoy". Dawn. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
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- ^ "The Taliban Pick Fight Over Border With Pakistan". Foreign policy. 6 January 2022.
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- ^ Lieven, Anatol (2017). "Counter-Insurgency in Pakistan: The Role of Legitimacy". Small Wars & Insurgencies. 28: 166–190. doi:10.1080/09592318.2016.1266128. S2CID 151355749.
Sources
[edit]- Rashid, Ahmed (2010). Taliban The Power of Militant Islam in Afghanistan and Beyond (Ebook). Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300268997.
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{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - Martel, Gordon, ed. (2012). The Encyclopedia of War, 5 Volume Set. Wiley (published 2012-01-17). ISBN 978-1-405-19037-4.
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- Jamal, Arif (2009). Shadow War: The Untold Story of Jihad in Kashmir. Melville House. ISBN 978-1-933633-59-6.
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