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Mableton, Georgia

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"Mableton" redirects here. For the historic home in Santa Rosa, California, see McDonald Mansion.

Mableton, Georgia
City
From top to bottom, left to right: a residential street in Mableton, Robert Mable's home built in 1843, the Mableton Post Office, the Atlanta skyline from Mt. Harmony Memorial Gardens in Mableton
Location in Cobb County and the state of Georgia
Location in Cobb County and the state of Georgia
Mableton is located in Metro Atlanta
Mableton
Mableton
Location within the Atlanta Metropolitan Area
Coordinates: 33°49′06″N 84°34′34″W / 33.81833°N 84.57611°W / 33.81833; -84.57611
State Georgia
CountyCobb
SettledSeptember 11, 1843
Incorporated (town)August 19, 1912
DisincorporatedAugust 17, 1916
Incorporated (city)May 11, 2023
Founded byRobert Mable
Government
 • MayorMichael Owens (D)
 • District CommissionerMonique Sheffield
 • BodyCobb County Board of Commissioners
Area
[1]
 • Total36.56 sq mi (94.7 km2)
 • Land36.46 sq mi (94.43 km2)
 • Water0.10 sq mi (0.27 km2)
Elevation
978 ft (298 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total37,115
 • Density2,133.48/sq mi (823.65/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code
30126
Area codes
FIPS code13-48288[2]
GNIS feature ID0332295[3]
Websitemableton.gov

Mableton (/ˈmeɪbəltən/ MAY-bəl-tən) is a city in Cobb County, Georgia, United States. Voters of the unincorporated area of Mableton approved a referendum to incorporate on November 8, 2022, and six council members were elected on March 21, 2023, with Michael Owens elected as mayor of Mableton in the 2023 Mableton mayoral election. According to the 2020 census, the census-designated area Mableton had a population of 37,115; the city has more. Upon Brookhaven's cityhood in December 2012, Mableton was previously the largest unincorporated CDP in Metro Atlanta. With boundaries described in Appendix A of House Bill 839, Mableton is the largest city in Cobb County in terms of population and includes historical Mableton, along with the Six Flags area, areas of unincorporated Smyrna, and parts of unincorporated South Cobb.

History

[edit]

Early history (1843–1912)

[edit]

Between the 16th and 19th centuries, most of the land in present-day southern Cobb County belonged to the Cherokee and Creek. Two Native American villages were established near the area that will later become known as Mableton - the settlements of Sweet Water Town and Nickajack. Both tribes coinhabited the area peacefully, with one legend claiming that eventual ownership of the area by the Cherokee was settled via a ball game.[4] One of the early known records of white Europeans being aware of the inhabitants is an 1839 map depicting a 'Nickajack Creek' converging with the Chattahoochee River south and west of the Standing Peachtree settlement.[5]

Robert Mable

The town was named after Scottish immigrant Robert Mable (October 18, 1803 – July 7, 1885), who on September 11, 1843, bought 300 acres (approximately 120 hectares or 1.2 km2) of land in southern Cobb County from the Georgia Land Lottery of 1832. Mable was a millwright and farmer who grew cotton, corn, potatoes, and sorghum in the area; he owned between 11 and 48 slaves by 1860. According to oral interviews, Mable was a "fair and kind" enslaver who educated slave children alongside his own, and eventually also liberated his slaves before any government mandate ordered him to.[4] The Robert Mable House and Cemetery, located off U.S. 78 on Floyd Road just north of Clay Road, now includes an amphitheater which hosts public events.[6]

More white settlers moved into the northern edge of Mableton by Nickajack Creek, near Smyrna, in the mid-1800s. They formed a community initially known as Mill Grove and later Nickajack. The creek provided ample power to run grist, saw, cotton, and woolen mills. A covered bridge, originally built c. 1848–1850, traverses the stream and is now part of a historical district. It is one of the few remaining covered bridges in Georgia, and still highly active today after it was later buttressed to handle automobile traffic. A notable resident of the area during that period was John Gann, Cobb County's first state senator. His home, built in 1841, still stands today and is also part of the historical district.[5]

During the Atlanta campaign of the Civil War, Union officers Walter Q. Gresham and Francis P. Blair Jr. of the XVII Corps reached Mableton on July 3, 1864, after the Union defeat at Kennesaw. Gresham replenished his troops' supplies and received medical care at Robert Mable's house, and camped for the night before advancing to Atlanta.[7] The house was spared from the carnage of Sherman's March to the Sea.[8]

The Mableton train depot, constructed 1881

The Georgia Pacific Railway (later absorbed by Southern Railway and today known as the Norfolk Southern Railway) opened a railroad station in Mableton in December 1881. The chief engineer erected a sign displaying 'Mableton' upon completion of the station in honor of Robert. The first train from Atlanta arrived at the station just before Christmas. Shortly after, the post office was established on June 28, 1882. This replaced the post office in Bryantville, a former settlement about two miles (3.2 km) southeast. The arrival of the railroad allowed Mableton to act as a commercial hub for then-rural Cobb County.[9] Cotton export flourished throughout the county from the 1890s until the Great Depression.[10]

Original incorporation (1912–1916)

[edit]
Homer A. Glore and his wife in Mableton Drug Store and Post Office in 1925

On August 19, 1912, Mableton was incorporated as a town but was disincorporated on August 17, 1916.[11] In that year, the town suffered from a heavy flood that overwhelmed its sewer system,[12] resulting in an unexpected tax burden being placed upon the residents for repairs.[8] But after locals successfully demanded that a tax on storm drains be shared by all of Cobb County instead, the town's charter was revoked and Mableton was disincorporated.[13] Homer A. Glore, a medical doctor served as the first mayor of Mableton.[4][14]

Unincorporated area (1916–2023)

[edit]

Restored municipality (2023–)

[edit]

In 2020, a local initiative known as the South Cobb Alliance fostered a debate for cityhood.[15] A feasibility study conducted by the Carl Vinson Institute of Government stated that the potential city would generate $11.3 million in operating expenses and $14.6 million in revenue.[16] Alternatively, nearby Smyrna considered annexing parts of Mableton. This move would have made Smyrna the largest city in Cobb County, surpassing the county seat of Marietta, and would have ultimately disrupted Mableton's cityhood efforts.[17]

Following the 2022 midterm elections, a referendum on cityhood was passed, with 13,162 in favor of Mableton's cityhood and 11,675 rejecting it.[18][19] The majority of no votes were concentrated in the north of Mableton, where household income is higher.[20] Human resources director Mark Sette said it was a "power grab" to annex unincorporated areas of north Mableton to "pay for all of the projects that they want down there [in south Mableton]".[20] Thousands of people signed a petition to de-annex areas that voted no from the city.[21] Mableton was different in that the supporters of de-annexation were multi-racial and multi-generational while organizers of similar secession movements tended to be mainly older white residents.[20]

It is the largest city in Cobb County in terms of population, with the new city incorporating about 47,000 residents.[22] The city limits also include areas of unincorporated Smyrna and Austell.

The City of Mableton was approved by the voters in a referendum on the General Election Ballot on November 8, 2022.[23]

Mableton was the only one of four proposed new cities in Metro Atlanta to be approved; the other three, East Cobb, Lost Mountain and Vinings, all failed to be incorporated as municipalities in referendums.[24] In May 2022, Brentin Mock of Bloomberg News described the city movement in Metro Atlanta as being "defeated".[24] Though Mock reported that Mableton was different as it was the only one out of the four to have a majority non-white population and is assembling around "principles of diversity, affordability and inclusive voting rights".[25] Politically, Mableton is in Cobb County whose board of commissioners was majority white and Republican for most of its history, until 2020 when it became majority black and Democrat.[25] According to a preliminary analysis from Cobb County, the incorporation of Mableton would result in a net annual loss of $8 million from the city's budget after accounting for the services that the county would no longer provide for it.[25]

The referendum was the result of the General Assembly's passage of House Bill (HB-839), which set the boundaries of the city, established city council districts, and laid out the powers of the Mayor and Council. The law also established March 21, 2023, as the date for a special election for the first council members and mayor of Mableton.

De-annexation calls

[edit]

Michael Owens stated that he was not against de-annexation but that his focus was on the majority of Mableton residents who wish to be in the city.[26] LaTonia Long and Michael Murphy both opposed de-annexation.[26] Mayoral candidate Aaron Carman said that he supported the people involved in the de-annexation effort but stated that if the de-annexation efforts do not pass, Mableton needed someone that could "bring the city together".[26] State representative David Wilkerson submitted two de-annexation bills that would have allowed some areas to de-annex from Mableton but both failed in the Georgia General Assembly.[27] A compromise bill in response to the bills submitted by Wilkerson was drafted by state representatives Terry Cummings and Michael Smith but this also failed as it was not published in time.[28][27]

2023 mayoral election

[edit]

The 2023 Mableton mayoral election took place on March 21, 2023 in Mableton, with a runoff held on April 18, 2023 as no candidate got 50% of the vote in the general election. Aaron Carman gained the most votes in the first round but lost the runoff to former Cobb County Democratic Committee chair Michael Owens who became the first mayor of Mableton, Georgia in over 100 years.[29] Despite the runoff election being described as historic, only 6,113 votes were cast and voter turnout remained low at 12.9% of 47,200 registered voters.[30][31]

Candidates

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Michael Owens
Statewide officials
State legislators
Local officials
  • Ron Davis, Mableton city councilor-elect for District 1[40]
  • Craig Owens, Cobb County Sheriff[40]
Labor unions
  • Atlanta North Georgia Labor Council[41]

Fundraising

[edit]
Campaign finance reports as of March 15, 2023
Candidate Total raised Cash on hand
Aaron Carman $9,600 Not disclosed
LaTonia Long $21,940[a] $7,775
Michael Murphy $6,750 Not disclosed
Michael Owens Not disclosed Not disclosed
[33]

First round

[edit]
First round results[42]
Candidate Votes %
Aaron Carman 2,162 36%
Michael Owens 1,846 31%
LaTonia Long 1,472 24%
Michael Murphy 561 9%
Write-in 43 0.7
Total votes 6,084 100%

Runoff

[edit]
Second round results[43]
Candidate Votes %
Michael Owens 3,396 55.68%
Aaron Carman 2,703 44.32%
Write-in 14 0.22%
Total votes 6,113 100%

Geography

[edit]

Mableton is located at 33°49′06″N 84°34′34″W / 33.81833°N 84.57611°W / 33.81833; -84.57611 (33.818333, -84.576111).[44] The Chattahoochee River acts as the southeast border, separating Cobb County from west Fulton County — where the historic African-American neighborhood of Collier Heights and the former site of the Bankhead Courts housing project are nearby. Two suburban cities directly border Mableton: Austell in the west and Smyrna in the north. Lithia Springs, an unincorporated community, is directly southwest.

Mableton is approximately 15 miles west-northwest from the city of Atlanta, and approximately 20 miles from Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
19607,127—
198024,894—
199025,1371.0%
200029,73318.3%
201037,11524.8%
202040,83410.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[45]
1850-1870[46] 1870-1880[47]
1890-1910[48] 1920-1930[49]
1940[50] 1950[51] 1960[52]
1970[53] 1980[54] 1990[55]
2000[56] 2010[57] 2020[58]

Mableton appeared as an unincorporated place in the 1960 U.S. Census.[52] It was not listed in the 1970 U.S. Census.[53] It was listed as a census designated place in the 1980 U.S. Census.[54]

2020 census

[edit]
Mableton, Georgia – racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop. 2000[59] Pop. 2010[57] Pop. 2020[58] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 17,165 14,090 10,944 57.73% 37.96% 26.80%
Black or African American alone (NH) 8,633 14,424 17,982 29.04% 38.86% 44.04%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 72 101 61 0.24% 0.27% 0.15%
Asian alone (NH) 401 810 677 1.35% 2.18% 1.66%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 3 6 7 0.01% 0.02% 0.02%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 112 113 271 0.38% 0.30% 0.66%
Mixed race or multiracial (NH) 432 707 1,455 1.45% 1.90% 3.56%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 2,915 6,864 9,437 9.80% 18.49% 23.11%
Total 29,733 37,115 40,834 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2000 census

[edit]

As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 11,339 housing units at an average density of 550.8 per square mile (212.7/km2). There were 10,894 households, out of which 34.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.9% were non-families. 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.12.

Government

[edit]

Mableton, Georgia was incorporated as a city on August 19, 1912, before being disincorporated on August 17, 1916 as a result of a flood overwhelming the city's sewer system.[60][61] In November 2023, the city was reincorporated in an election.[23]

The mayor is the highest elected official in the city. The current mayor is Michael Owens, who was elected in the 2023 Mableton mayoral election.

1912–1916

[edit]
# Mayor Term start Term end
1 Homer A. Glore 1912 1913
2 W.H. Stroud[62] 1913 ????

2023–present

[edit]
# Image Mayor Term start Term end Terms   Party
1 Michael Owens 2023 Incumbent 1 Democratic

Transportation

[edit]

The public-use, general aviation Fulton County Airport (Brown Field) is adjacent to Mableton's southeast border with Fulton County. It includes two runways and handles approximately 65,000 operations annually.[63]

Recreation

[edit]

Trails

[edit]
The Silver Comet Trail intersecting Floyd Road in Mableton

The Silver Comet Trail runs through Mableton.[64] It is a 61.5 mile paved trail with a 2% grade, beginning in Smyrna and ending at the Georgia-Alabama state line near Cedartown, GA.

One of the Silver Comet Trail's connectors, located at South Hurt Road in Mableton and Smyrna

Heritage Park is a smaller trail running along Nickajack Creek that ultimately connects to the Comet. A notable landmark is the ruins of a woolen mill built in the 1860s.[65]

Heritage Park in Mableton

Parks

[edit]
  • Lions Park
  • Thompson Park
  • Riverline Park
  • Wallace Park

Community Garden

[edit]

The Historic Mableton Community Garden is located at 5178 Floyd Road.[66]

Amphitheater

[edit]

Governor Roy Barnes provided a state grant for construction of a 2,500-seat amphitheater shortly after his appointment in 2000, fulfilling residents' desire dating back from the 1970s. The Mable House Barnes Amphitheater is a $7 million state and local investment and attracts numerous high-profile acts.[67]

Amusement park

[edit]

Six Flags Over Georgia is located near Mableton's border with Austell, adjacent to I-20. The park is home to 11 roller coasters, the first "floorless" freefall tower ride in the world, and a fully-functional carousel from 1908 listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

Education

[edit]

The Cobb County School District operates several public schools in the area:

Elementary schools

[edit]
  • Mableton Elementary School
  • Clay-Harmony Leland Elementary School
  • Bryant Elementary School
  • Riverside Elementary School
  • H.A.V.E.N. Academy at Skyview
  • Russell Elementary School
  • City View Elementary School

Middle schools

[edit]
  • Floyd Middle School
  • Garrett Middle School
  • Lindley Middle School
  • Betty Gray Middle School

High school

[edit]

Private schools

[edit]

The Georgia Japanese Language School (GJLS; ジョージア日本語学校 Jōjia Nihongo Gakkō), a part-time supplementary Japanese school, holds its classes at the former Lindley 6th Grade Academy (now Betty Gray Middle School) in Mableton;[68][69] Lindley was previously occupied by the W. H. Barnes Education Center.[70] The GJLS originally opened with nine students in 1974 at Oglethorpe University, serving grades 1 through 9. The school moved to W.H. Barnes in 2002.[69]

Whitefield Academy, a Christ-centered college preparatory school in Smyrna, is near Mableton.[71]

The SAE School is an "independent project-based learning school" for pre-school to 8th grade students located in Mableton.[72]

Primrose Schools, a private school for early preschool children, is in the Providence neighborhood of Mableton.[73]

Public library

[edit]
  • South Cobb Regional Library

Redevelopment

[edit]

In the summer of 2010, more than a hundred residents, bureaucrats, politicians, architects, designers and traffic engineers spent a week designing a vision for a redeveloped downtown Mableton. It was then formalized by Duany Plater-Zyberk into a plan that was unanimously approved by Cobb County's Board of Commissioners in 2013.[74] The establishment of the new Mableton Town Center (MTC) is part of the county's 2040 Comprehensive Plan.[75]

A rendering of the proposed mixed-use development along Mableton Parkway

As of late 2020, Embry Development Company is in talks with the Cobb County Board of Commissioners to begin construction of a 31-acre mixed-use commercial/residential plaza at Mableton Parkway and Old Powder Springs Road.[76] The development calls for 81 town homes, 46 "courtyard cottage" style houses, 21 detached single-family homes, and 13,500 square feet of retail and restaurant space. The particular area, in addition to establishments along Veterans Memorial Highway (U.S. 78), is largely dated and rundown, with some businesses failing to adhere to building codes.[77]

Another company, Garner Group, is also redeveloping a nearly 40 year old strip mall along Floyd Road and East-West Connector into a mixed-use, pedestrian-friendly plaza. There will be 360 luxury apartments and 42 townhomes on the 60-acre site, with the entire development occupying about 720,000 square feet. Planning Commission Chair Galt Porter, proponent of the plan, stated of the recent growth in the area: "It's probably been 15 to 20 years since there's been a market rate development of apartments anywhere close to this...you have to go to Smyrna to get something, or you have to go out all the way into Powder Springs to get something. There's just nothing in this area."[78] The project was approved by the Cobb County Board of Commissioners on October 21, 2020.[79]

Notable people

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Long and her husband loaned her campaign $3,500.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  2. ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  3. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  4. ^ a b c "The Mable House: Historic Structure Report" (PDF). 2014.
  5. ^ a b "Home, Gann Historical Society & Library, Inc". Gann Historical Society & Library, Inc. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
  6. ^ "MABLETON, Cobb County. Incorporated as a town, August 19, 1912 to August 17, 1916. The post office was established June 28, 1882" (PDF). Archive.is. Archived from the original on December 5, 2012. Retrieved April 4, 2019.
  7. ^ "The Mable House". Georgia Historical Society. June 16, 2014. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
  8. ^ a b Tiller, Katie. "Mableton's namesake still has ties to community". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
  9. ^ "Mission & Vision Statement". Mableton Improvement Coalition. Retrieved September 8, 2020.
  10. ^ Acworth Society for Historic Preservation, Inc. (2003). Acworth. Charleston, SC: Arcadia. ISBN 0-7385-1479-9. OCLC 52982944.
  11. ^ Krakow, Kenneth K. (1975). Georgia Place-Names: Their History and Origins (PDF). Macon, GA: Winship Press. p. 139. ISBN 0-915430-00-2.
  12. ^ Johnson, Larry Felton (August 20, 2023). "When Mableton first was (and shortly thereafter wasn't) a city". Cobb County Courier. Archived from the original on December 23, 2023. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
  13. ^ "Historical Sites - Taste of South Cobb". Retrieved September 9, 2020.
  14. ^ "[Photograph of the Glore family, Mableton, Cobb County, Georgia, 1894] - Digital Library of Georgia". dlg.usg.edu. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
  15. ^ "South Cobb Alliance". sites.google.com. Retrieved June 10, 2020.
  16. ^ Kristal Dixon, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. "Study shows proposed city of Mableton is financially feasible". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved June 10, 2020.
  17. ^ Kristal Dixon, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. "Smyrna annexation could make it largest Cobb city, but stymie Mableton". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved June 10, 2020.
  18. ^ "Results - Election Night Reporting - Cityhood Question - Mableton". November 8, 2022.
  19. ^ Dillon, Denise (November 9, 2022). "Voters choose to incorporate Mableton, making it Georgia's newest city". FOX 5 Atlanta. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  20. ^ a b c "Residents of Suburban Atlanta's Newest City Are Already Trying to Secede". Bloomberg. January 24, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023 – via www.bloomberg.com.
  21. ^ Dillon, Denise (January 18, 2023). "Some residents push to de-annex from newly-formed Mableton". FOX 5 Atlanta. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  22. ^ "Cobb County voters decide on Mableton cityhood | Results". November 9, 2022.
  23. ^ a b Dillon, Denise (November 9, 2022). "Voters choose to incorporate Mableton, making it Georgia's newest city". FOX 5 Atlanta. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  24. ^ a b "The Cityhood Movement Is Defeated in Metro Atlanta". Bloomberg. May 25, 2022. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023 – via www.bloomberg.com.
  25. ^ a b c "A Different Kind of Cityhood Movement in Metro Atlanta". Bloomberg. May 26, 2022. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023 – via www.bloomberg.com.
  26. ^ a b c "Q&A with Mableton mayoral candidates". Yahoo News. February 28, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  27. ^ a b "Mableton de-annexation fails under the Gold Dome". Yahoo Finance. March 20, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  28. ^ Dillon, Denise (March 20, 2023). "Polls open Tuesday to decide Mableton's first mayor, city council". FOX 5 Atlanta. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  29. ^ "Mableton first-ever mayor talks his top priorities for Cobb County's largest city". WABE. June 13, 2023. Archived from the original on December 23, 2023. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
  30. ^ "Michael Owens elected mayor of Mableton". Yahoo Sports. April 19, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  31. ^ Zickgraf, Ryan (April 19, 2023). "Turnout, enthusiasm remained low for Mableton's historic runoff elections". Atlanta Civic Circle. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  32. ^ a b "Mableton City Candidates" (PDF). www.mableton.org. March 21, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  33. ^ a b "LaTonia Long leads fundraising race among Mableton mayoral candidates". Yahoo News. March 15, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  34. ^ a b "Mableton Mayoral Candidate Michael Owens endorsed by former mayoral candidates". spotlightsouthcobbnews.com. April 3, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  35. ^ "Mableton mayoral candidates offer their plans for trash service". Yahoo Finance. March 16, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  36. ^ "Michael Murphy". Georgia Black Republican Council. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  37. ^ "Cobb County Democrat Dr. Michael Owens enters race for Georgia Secretary of State". spotlightsouthcobbnews.com. September 26, 2021. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  38. ^ Johnson, Larry Felton (March 3, 2023). "Roy Barnes Endorses Michael Owens In Mableton Mayoral Race". Cobb County Courier. Archived from the original on December 24, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  39. ^ "News leading up to the election of Mableton mayor and council". spotlightsouthcobbnews.com. March 20, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  40. ^ a b Johnson, Larry Felton (April 12, 2023). "Owens receives endorsement from Sheriff Craig Owens, District 1 Councilman-elect Ron Davis in his mayoral bid for Mableton". Cobb County Courier. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  41. ^ Mableton, Michael Owens for Mayor of. "Atlanta North Georgia Labor Council Supports Owens for Mayor". Michael Owens for Mayor of Mableton. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  42. ^ "Election Results: City of Mableton, Clayton County special elections". FOX 5 Atlanta. March 21, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2023. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
  43. ^ "City of Mableton elects first mayor, city council". WSB-TV Channel 2 - Atlanta. April 19, 2023. Archived from the original on December 23, 2023. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
  44. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  45. ^ "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decade". United States Census Bureau.
  46. ^ "1870 Census of Population - Georgia - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1870.
  47. ^ "1880 Census of Population - Georgia - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1880.
  48. ^ "1910 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1930.
  49. ^ "1930 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1930. pp. 251–256.
  50. ^ "1940 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1940.
  51. ^ "1950 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1980.
  52. ^ a b "1960 Census of Population - Population of County Subdivisions - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1960.
  53. ^ a b "1970 Census of Population - Population of County Subdivisions - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1970.
  54. ^ a b "1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1980.
  55. ^ "1990 Census of Population - Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1990.
  56. ^ "2000 Census of Population - General Population Characteristics - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 2000.
  57. ^ a b "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Mableton, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
  58. ^ a b "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Mableton, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
  59. ^ "P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Mableton, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
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