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Marlborough (New Zealand electorate)

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Marlborough is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate, in the Marlborough region at the top of the South Island. It existed from 1938 to 1996, and was represented by five Members of Parliament.

Population centres

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The 1931 New Zealand census had been cancelled due to the Great Depression, so the 1937 electoral redistribution had to take ten years of population growth into account. The increasing population imbalance between the North and South Islands had slowed, and only one electorate seat was transferred from south to north. Five electorates were abolished, one former electorate (Onehunga) was re-established, and four electorates were created for the first time, including Marlborough.[1] The Marlborough electorate replaced the Wairau electorate, which had more or less the same shape as Wairau had had since the 1927 electoral redistribution.[2] For the purposes of the country quota, the 1936 census had determined that some 27% of the population lived in urban areas, and the balance in rural areas.[3]

Settlements that were covered by the original electorate included Havelock, Picton, Blenheim, and Kaikōura.[4] The area is noted for growing grapes for white wine.

History

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The electorate was created in 1938, replacing the Wairau electorate. Ted Meachen of the Labour Party, who had previously represented Wairau, was the first representative.[5] In the 1946 election, Meachen was defeated by National's Tom Shand.[6]

In 1996 with the advent of mixed-member proportional (MMP) representation the electorate was included into the Kaikōura electorate. The then MP Doug Kidd was the first MP for Kaikōura.

Members of Parliament

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Key

  Labour   National

Election Winner
1938 election Ted Meachen
1943 election
1946 election Tom Shand
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1970 by-election Ian Brooks
1972 election
1975 election Ed Latter
1978 election Doug Kidd
1981 election
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election
1993 election
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Kaikōura)

Election results

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1993 election

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1993 general election: Marlborough[7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Doug Kidd 8,935 41.04 −22.34
Labour Stephen Howard 6,387 29.33
Alliance Reg Murphy 3,891 17.87
NZ First Tom Harrison 1,930 8.86
Christian Heritage David Pigou 485 2.22
Independent Desmond Bell 91 0.41 −0.35
Natural Law Kevin Smith 50 0.22
Majority 2,548 11.70 −23.76
Turnout 21,769 83.77 +1.03
Registered electors 25,984

1990 election

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1990 general election: Marlborough[8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Doug Kidd 12,844 63.38 +9.67
Labour Barbara Hutchinson 5,657 27.91 −14.27
NewLabour Karen Donaldson 901 4.44
Social Credit George Kerr 425 2.09
NZ Party Michael Heywood 180 0.88
Independent Desmond Bell 155 0.76 +0.27
Democrats Hugh Emslie 102 0.50
Majority 7,187 35.46 +23.93
Turnout 20,264 82.74 −8.08
Registered electors 24,489

1987 election

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1987 general election: Marlborough[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Doug Kidd 11,189 53.71 +11.01
Labour Barbara Hutchinson 8,787 42.18
Democrats Ross MacArthur 650 3.12
Independent Desmond Bell 109 0.52 +0.33
Independent Stephen Yealands 97 0.46 +0.07
Majority 2,402 11.53 +8.78
Turnout 20,832 90.82 −3.20
Registered electors 22,937

1984 election

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1984 general election: Marlborough[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Doug Kidd 9,472 42.70 −0.61
Labour George MacDonald 8,860 39.94
NZ Party Peter Calcott 2,656 11.97
Social Credit Heather Smith 1,062 4.78
Independent Stephen Yealands 87 0.39
Independent Desmond Bell 43 0.19 −0.12
Majority 612 2.75 −5.15
Turnout 22,180 94.02 +1.88
Registered electors 23,590

1981 election

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1981 general election: Marlborough[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Doug Kidd 8,998 43.31 −0.37
Labour Graeme Macann 7,355 35.40
Social Credit Ron Cullum 4,353 20.95
Independent Desmond Bell 66 0.31 −0.02
Majority 1,643 7.90 +6.27
Turnout 20,772 92.14 +12.98
Registered electors 22,543

1978 election

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1978 general election: Marlborough[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Doug Kidd 8,614 43.68
Labour Ian Brooks 8,291 42.05 +4.26
Social Credit George Kerr 2,365 11.99 +7.01
Values Ailsa Litchfield 381 1.93
Independent Desmond Bell 66 0.33
Majority 323 1.63
Turnout 19,717 79.16 −9.77
Registered electors 24,905

1975 election

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1975 general election: Marlborough[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Ed Latter 10,047 53.96
Labour Ian Brooks 7,037 37.79 −13.66
Social Credit George Kerr 928 4.98 +0.35
Values Richard Belton 607 3.26
Majority 3,010 16.16
Turnout 18,619 88.93 −3.04
Registered electors 20,936

1972 election

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1972 general election: Marlborough[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ian Brooks 8,469 51.45 +3.52
National Bruno Dalliessi 7,179 43.61
Social Credit George Kerr 763 4.63 −3.32
New Democratic Thomas William MacDonald 49 0.29
Majority 1,290 7.83 +0.75
Turnout 16,460 91.97 +13.66
Registered electors 17,896

1970 by-election

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1970 Marlborough by-election[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ian Brooks 7,060 47.93 +9.29
National Andy Shand 6,017 40.85
Social Credit George Kerr 1,171 7.95 −0.29
Country Party Clifford Stanley Emeny 482 3.27
Majority 1,043 7.08
Turnout 14,730 78.31 −13.33
Registered electors 18,809

1969 election

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1969 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 9,039 53.10 +6.98
Labour Ian Brooks 6,579 38.64
Social Credit George Kerr 1,404 8.24 −4.18
Majority 2,460 14.45 +9.78
Turnout 17,022 91.64 +1.88
Registered electors 18,573

1966 election

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1966 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 7,216 46.12 −4.13
Labour Gerry Wall 6,484 41.44
Social Credit George Kerr 1,943 12.42 −0.91
Majority 732 4.67 −9.17
Turnout 15,643 89.76 −1.45
Registered electors 17,427

1963 election

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1963 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 7,663 50.25 +0.03
Labour Bill Kenyon 5,552 36.41
Social Credit George Kerr 2,033 13.33 +1.97
Majority 2,111 13.84 +2.83
Turnout 15,248 91.21
Registered electors 16,716

1960 election

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1960 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 7,424 50.22 −1.80
Labour Robert William Hope 5,677 38.40
Social Credit George Kerr 1,680 11.36 +3.34
Majority 1,747 11.81 −0.27
Turnout 14,781 92.56 −2.11
Registered electors 15,969

1957 election

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1957 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 7,672 52.02 +3.69
Labour Roy Evans 5,890 39.94
Social Credit George Kerr 1,184 8.02 −6.47
Majority 1,782 12.08 +0.92
Turnout 14,746 94.67 +1.58
Registered electors 15,575

1954 election

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1954 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 7,080 48.33 −10.49
Labour George Allan Turner 5,445 37.16
Social Credit George Kerr 2,124 14.49
Majority 1,635 11.16 −6.48
Turnout 14,649 93.09 +0.42
Registered electors 15,735

1951 election

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1951 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 8,175 58.82 +2.11
Labour Ted Meachen 5,723 41.18
Majority 2,452 17.64 +4.21
Turnout 13,898 92.67 −2.45
Registered electors 14,996

1949 election

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1949 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 7,861 56.71 +6.06
Labour James Harrison Wilson 5,999 43.29
Majority 1,862 13.43 +12.13
Turnout 13,860 95.12 +0.79
Registered electors 14,571

1946 election

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1946 general election: Marlborough[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Tom Shand 6,935 50.65 +5.42
Labour Ted Meachen 6,756 49.35 −0.41
Majority 179 1.30
Turnout 13,691 94.33 +2.17
Registered electors 14,513

1943 election

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1943 general election: Marlborough[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ted Meachen 5,934 48.94 −7.23
National Tom Shand 5,484 45.23
Democratic Labour Mark Walton Grace 564 4.65
Ind. Conservative Angus Mackinnon 52 0.42
Informal votes 90 0.74 −0.07
Majority 450 3.71 −9.31
Turnout 12,124 92.16 −3.58
Registered electors 13,154

1938 election

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1938 general election: Marlborough[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Ted Meachen 6,579 56.17
National Edward Healy 5,054 43.15
Informal votes 79 0.67
Majority 1,525 13.02
Turnout 11,712 95.74
Registered electors 12,232

Notes

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  1. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 87–92.
  2. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 87–93.
  3. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 92.
  4. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 93.
  5. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 219.
  6. ^ Wilson 1985, pp. 219, 233.
  7. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. pp. 60–1.
  8. ^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. pp. 64–5.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Norton 1988, p. 274.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i Norton 1988, p. 273.
  11. ^ "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  12. ^ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.

References

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  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
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