Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

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Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

Branch of Government of India
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Agency overview
Formed	1985; 39 years ago (1985)
Jurisdiction	Government of India
Headquarters	Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, Jorbagh Road, New Delhi[1]
Annual budget	₹2,870 crore (US$340 million) (2021–22 est.)[2]
Ministers responsible	Bhupender Yadav, Cabinet Minister Kirti Vardhan Singh, Minister of State
Agency executives	Tanmay Kumar, IAS, Secretary (EF&CC) Jitender Kumar, IFS, Director General of Forests and Special Secretary
Website	moef.gov.in

Wildlife of India
Biodiversity Fauna Flora Lists Amphibians Ants Birds Butterflies Endangered animals Fish Mammals Molluscs Moths Odonates Reptiles Spiders Tiger beetles
Protected areas Biosphere reserves Communal forests Conservation areas Conservation and community reserves Elephant reserves National parks Private protected areas Ramsar Sites Reserved and protected forests Tiger reserves Wildlife sanctuaries
Conservation Projects Cheetah Dolphin Elephant Tiger Acts of Parliament Indian Forest Act 1927 Wildlife Protection Act 1972 Wildlife Protection Act 2002
Organisations National Ministry of Environment and Forests National Biodiversity Authority Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding Council of Forestry Research Indian Forest Service / Survey Institute of Forest Management Wildlife Institute Tiger Conservation Authority Zoo Authority International Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) South Asian Zoo Association (SAZARC) World Animal Protection World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
Related topics Environmental issues Fossil parks Forestry Natural history Tourism Lists Botanical gardens Ecoregions Zoological gardens Wildlife population Elephant Tiger Wildlife
v t e

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government ministry. The ministry portfolio is currently held by Bhupender Yadav, Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.^[3]

The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India, forests and other wilderness areas; prevention and control of pollution; Indian Himalayan Environment and its sustainable development; afforestation, and land degradation mitigation. It is responsible for the administration of the national parks of India.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Forest Service (IFS), one of the three All India Services.

Environmental debates were first introduced into the national political agenda during Indira Gandhi's first term as Prime Minister of India. The 4th Five-Year Plan (1969–74), for example, proclaimed "harmonious development [...] on the basis of a comprehensive appraisal of environmental issues." In 1977 (during the Emergency) Gandhi added Article 48A to the constitution stating that: "The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country." The same decree transferred wildlife and forests from state list to concurrent list of the constitution, thus giving the central government the power to overrule state decisions on that matter. Such political and constitutional changes prepared the groundwork for the creation of a federal Department of Environment in 1980, turned into the Ministry of Environment and Forests in 1985.^[4] Although tackling climate change was already a responsibility of the ministry, its priority was raised when in May 2014 the ministry was renamed to the current title of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.^[5]

The forest administration is based on demarcation of states into Forest Divisions which consists of Forest Ranges. Forest Beats under Ranges are the smallest unit of administration hierarchy. Natural features on the field form the boundaries of each beat which has an average area of around 16 km square.^[6]

• Indian Forest Service (IFS)
• Authorities
  • Central Zoo Authority of India, New Delhi
  • National Biodiversity Authority, Chennai
  • National Tiger Conservation Authority, New Delhi
• Subordinate offices
  • Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest and Plantation Development Corporation (Public Sector Undertaking)
  • Animal Welfare Board of India, Chennai
  • Botanical Survey of India (BSI), Kolkata
  • Central Pollution Control Board
  • Environmental Information System (ENVIS)^[7]
  • Odisha State Pollution Control Board
  • Delhi Pollution Control Committee
  • Directorate of Forest Education
  • Forest Survey of India
  • Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy
  • National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board
  • National Board of Wildlife
  • National Institute of Animal Welfare
  • National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), New Delhi
  • National Zoological Park (NZP), New Delhi
  • Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata
• Centres of excellence
  • Centre for Environment Education, Ahmedabad
  • C. P. R. Environmental Education Centre, Chennai
  • Centre for Animals and Environment, Bangalore
  • Centre of Excellence in Environmental Economics, Chennai
  • Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore
  • Centre for Ecological Sciences, Bangalore
  • Centre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystem, New Delhi
  • Centre for Mining Environment, Dhanbad
  • Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON), Coimbatore
  • Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute,^[8] Thiruvananthapuram
• Autonomous institutions
  • G. B.Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Almora
  • Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal
  • Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute, Bengaluru
  • Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), Dehradun
  • Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Dehradun

• Note: MoS, I/C – Minister of State (Independent Charge)

No.	Portrait		Minister (Birth-Death) Constituency	Term of office			Political party	Ministry	Prime Minister
				From	To	Period
Minister of Environment and Forests
1			Rajiv Gandhi (1944–1991) MP for Amethi (Prime Minister)	31 December 1984	22 October 1986	1 year, 295 days	Indian National Congress (I)	Rajiv II		Rajiv Gandhi
2			Bhajan Lal (1930–2011) Rajya Sabha MP for Haryana	22 October 1986	14 February 1988	1 year, 115 days
3			Ziaur Rahman Ansari (1925–1992) MP for Unnao (MoS, I/C until 25 June 1988)	14 February 1988	2 December 1989	1 year, 291 days
–			Vishwanath Pratap Singh (1931–2008) MP for Fatehpur (Prime Minister)	2 December 1989	23 April 1990	142 days	Janata Dal	Vishwanath		Vishwanath Pratap Singh
4			Nilamani Routray (1920–2004) MP for Puri	23 April 1990	10 November 1990	201 days
5			Maneka Gandhi (born 1956) MP for Pilibhit (MoS, I/C)	10 November 1990	21 June 1991	223 days	Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)	Chandra Shekhar		Chandra Shekhar
6			Kamal Nath (born 1946) MP for Chhindwara (MoS, I/C)	21 June 1991	15 September 1995	4 years, 86 days	Indian National Congress (I)	Rao		P. V. Narasimha Rao
7			Rajesh Pilot (1945–2000) MP for Dausa (MoS, I/C)	15 September 1995	16 May 1996	244 days
–			Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924–2018) MP for Lucknow (Prime Minister)	16 May 1996	1 June 1996	16 days	Bharatiya Janata Party	Vajpayee I		Atal Bihari Vajpayee
–			H. D. Deve Gowda (born 1933) Unelected (Prime Minister)	1 June 1996	29 June 1996	28 days	Janata Dal	Deve Gowda		H. D. Deve Gowda
8			Jai Narain Prasad Nishad (1930–2018) MP for Muzaffarpur (MoS, I/C)	29 June 1996	21 February 1997	237 days
9			Saifuddin Soz (born 1937) Rajya Sabha MP for Jammu and Kashmir	21 February 1997	21 April 1997	1 year, 26 days	Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
				21 April 1997	19 March 1998			Gujral		Inder Kumar Gujral
10			Suresh Prabhu (born 1953) MP for Rajapur	19 March 1998	13 October 1999	1 year, 208 days	Shiv Sena	Vajpayee II		Atal Bihari Vajpayee
11			T. R. Baalu (born 1941) MP for Chennai South	13 October 1999	21 December 2003	4 years, 69 days	Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	Vajpayee III
–			Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924–2018) MP for Lucknow (Prime Minister)	21 December 2003	9 January 2004	19 days	Bharatiya Janata Party
12			Ramesh Bais (born 1947) MP for Raipur (MoS, I/C)	9 January 2004	22 May 2004	134 days
13			A. Raja (born 1963) MP for Perambalur	23 May 2004	15 May 2007	2 years, 357 days	Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	Manmohan I		Manmohan Singh
–			Manmohan Singh (born 1932) Rajya Sabha MP for Assam (Prime Minister)	15 May 2007	22 May 2009	2 years, 7 days	Indian National Congress
14			Jairam Ramesh (born 1954) Rajya Sabha MP for Andhra Pradesh (MoS, I/C)	22 May 2009	12 July 2011	2 years, 51 days		Manmohan II
15			Jayanthi Natarajan (born 1954) Rajya Sabha MP for Tamil Nadu (MoS, I/C)	12 July 2011	21 December 2013	2 years, 162 days
16			Veerappa Moily (born 1940) MP for Chikballapur	21 December 2013	26 May 2014	156 days
Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
17			Prakash Javadekar (born 1951) Rajya Sabha MP for Madhya Pradesh (MoS, I/C)	26 May 2014	5 July 2016	2 years, 40 days	Bharatiya Janata Party	Modi I		Narendra Modi
18			Anil Madhav Dave (1956–2017) Rajya Sabha MP for Madhya Pradesh (MoS, I/C)	5 July 2016	18 May 2017 (died in office)	317 days
19			Harsh Vardhan (born 1954) MP for Chandni Chowk	18 May 2017	30 May 2019	2 years, 12 days
(17)			Prakash Javadekar (born 1951) Rajya Sabha MP for Maharashtra	31 May 2019	7 July 2021	2 years, 37 days		Modi II
20			Bhupender Yadav (born 1969) Rajya Sabha MP for Rajasthan MP for Alwar	7 July 2021	9 June 2024	3 years, 138 days
				10 June 2024	Incumbent			Modi III

No.	Portrait		Minister (Birth-Death) Constituency	Term of office			Political party	Ministry	Prime Minister
				From	To	Period
Minister of State for Environment and Forests
1			Vir Sen MP for Khurja	31 December 1984	25 September 1985	268 days	Indian National Congress (I)	Rajiv II		Rajiv Gandhi
2			Ziaur Rahman Ansari (1925–1992) MP for Unnao	25 September 1985	14 February 1988	2 years, 142 days
3			Sumati Oraon (born 1935) MP for Lohardaga	4 July 1989	2 December 1989	151 days
4			Maneka Gandhi (born 1956) MP for Pilibhit	6 December 1989	6 November 1990	335 days	Janata Dal	Vishwanath		Vishwanath Pratap Singh
5			Jai Narain Prasad Nishad (1930–2018) MP for Muzaffarpur	1 June 1996	29 June 1996	28 days	Janata Dal	Deve Gowda		H. D. Deve Gowda
6			Babulal Marandi (born 1958) MP for Dumka	19 March 1998	13 October 1999	2 years, 233 days	Bharatiya Janata Party	Vajpayee II		Atal Bihari Vajpayee
				13 October 1999	7 November 2000			Vajpayee III
7			Dilip Singh Judeo (1949–2013) MP for Chhattisgarh (Rajya Sabha)	29 January 2003	17 November 2003	292 days
8			Namo Narain Meena (born 1943) MP for Sawai Madhopur	23 May 2004	22 May 2009	4 years, 364 days	Indian National Congress	Manmohan I		Manmohan Singh
9			S. Regupathy (born 1950) MP for Pudukkottai	15 May 2007	22 May 2009	2 years, 7 days	Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
Minister of State for Environment, Forest and Climate Change
10			Mahesh Sharma (born 1959) MP for Gautam Buddh Nagar	3 September 2017	30 May 2019	1 year, 269 days	Bharatiya Janata Party	Modi I		Narendra Modi
11			Babul Supriyo (born 1970) MP for Asansol	31 May 2019	7 July 2021	2 years, 37 days		Modi II
12			Ashwini Kumar Choubey (born 1953) MP for Buxar	7 July 2021	10 June 2024	2 years, 339 days
13			Kirti Vardhan Singh (born 1966) MP for Gonda	10 June 2024	Incumbent	165 days		Modi III

In August 2019 Ministry of Environment released the Draft National Resource Efficiency Policy. It is a set of guidelines which envisions a future with environmentally sustainable and equitable economic growth. The policy is guided by principle of reduction in primary resource consumption; creation of higher value with less material through resource efficient circular approach; waste minimization; material security and creation of employment opportunities and business model beneficial to cause of environment protection and restoration. It was based on the report of NITI Aayog and European Union titled, The strategy on resource efficiency. The policy seeks to set up a National Resource Efficiency Authority with core working group housed in the Ministry. It also plans to offer tax benefits on recycled materials and soft loans to set up waste disposal and material recovery facilities.^[9][10]

As of 8 December 2021, some states have received more than Rupees 47,000 crore for afforestation. The states are directed to channel this amount as compensatory afforestation which shall be used for plantations, assisted natural forest regeneration, forest fire-prevention, pest and disease control in forest, and expedite soil and moisture conservation works.^{[citation needed]}

• Official website
• Autonomous Organisations