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Ministry of Justice (Ottoman Empire)
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| Ottoman Turkish: امورِ عدليه نظارتی Umur-ı Adliyye Nezâreti | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1879 |
| Superseding agency |
|
| Jurisdiction |  Ottoman Empire |
| Headquarters | Constantinople |
The Ministry of Justice (Ottoman Turkish: عدليه نظارتی; Turkish: Adliyye Nezâreti) was the justice ministry of the Ottoman Empire, based in Constantinople (now Istanbul). It also served as the Ministry of Religions.[1]
It was established in 1879 as part of a reorganisation of the empire's legal system.[2] Non-Muslim ecclesiastical authorities relied on the ministry. The ministry took control of the commercial courts and commercial appeal courts from the Ministry of Commerce.[1]
Organization
[edit]By 1900, the Ministry of Justice included the following high courts:[3]
- Supreme Judicial Council (Encümen-i Adliye)
- Court of Cassation (Mahkeme-i Temyiz), with civil, criminal, and administrative sections.
- Appeals Court (Mahkeme-i Istinaf), with criminal, civil, correctional, and commercial justice sections.
- Court for the First Instance for Istanbul (Der Saadet Bidayet Mahkemesi)
- Tribunal of Commerce (Mahkeme-i Ticaret)
The ministry was responsible for administering secular Nizamiye courts, training judges, and supervizing secular legal education.[4]
Successor
[edit]Ministry of Justice (Turkey) currently governs affairs in Turkey.
See also
[edit]- Ioannis Vithynos
- Supreme Council of Judicial Ordinances, its predecessor
References
[edit]- ^ a b Young, George (1905). Corps de droit ottoman; recueil des codes, lois, règlements, ordonnances et actes les plus importants du droit intérieur, et d'études sur le droit coutumier de l'Empire ottoman (in French). Vol. 1. Clarendon Press. p. 160. "Il est remarqué que les autorites ecclesiastiques des Communautes non-musulmanes dependent du Ministere de la justice, qui est aussi le Ministere des Cultes."
- ^ Young, George (1905). Corps de droit ottoman; recueil des codes, lois, règlements, ordonnances et actes les plus importants du droit intérieur, et d'études sur le droit coutumier de l'Empire ottoman (in French). Vol. 1. Clarendon Press. p. 159.
- ^ Shaw & Shaw 1977, p. 75.
- ^ Shaw & Shaw 1977, p. 76.
Sources
[edit]- Shaw, Stanford; Shaw, Ezel (1977). History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol. II. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29166-6.
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