Motivation and Personality[1] is a book on psychology by Abraham Maslow, first published in 1954. Maslow's work deals with the subject of the nature of human fulfillment and the significance of personal relationships, implementing a conceptualization of self-actualization.[2] Underachievers have a need for social love and affection, but a self-actualized person has these "lower" needs to be gratified and is able to pursue his or her own path towards self-actualization.[3]
Maslow's book is perhaps the best known contemporary work on human needs. Maslow postulated a hierarchy of human needs stretching from basic physical needs at the bottom to spiritual or transcendental needs at the top.[4]
In Motivation and Personality,[1] Maslow argues that, in order for individuals to thrive and excel, a health-fostering culture must be created.[5] Maslow is among the psychological theorists who believe that when parents fail to provide a safe, nurturing environment, their children will develop deep feelings of insecurity.[6] Maslow believes that well-being causes people to freely express their inherent potentials.[7]
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Knapp, Robert R. (1965). "Relationship of a Measure of Self-Actualization to Neuroticism and Extraversion". Journal of Consulting Psychology. 29 (2): 168–172. doi:10.1037/h0021887. ISSN1939-2168. PMID14282426.
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Leib, Jere W.; Snyder, William U. (1967). "Effects of Group Discussions on Underachievement and Self-Actualization". Journal of Counseling Psychology. 14 (3): 282–285. doi:10.1037/h0024544. ISSN1939-2168.