Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia

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The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia
Leader	Tim Houston
President	David Bond
Founded	1867
Headquarters	1660 Hollis Street Suite 1003 Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 1V7
Youth wing	Nova Scotia Young Progressive Conservatives
Ideology	Red Toryism Progressive conservatism[1]
Political position	Centre-right[3]
Colours	Blue
Seats in House of Assembly	34 / 55
Website
pcpartyns.ca
Politics of Nova Scotia Political parties Elections

The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia,^[4] more commonly known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia, is a Red Tory conservative^[2] political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. Like most conservative parties in Atlantic Canada, it has been historically associated with the Red Tory^[5] faction of Canadian conservatism. The party is currently led by Pictou East MLA Tim Houston. The party won a majority government in the 2021 provincial election.^[6][7] The Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia and the Conservative Party of Canada are two separate entities.^[8][9]

The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia, registered under the Nova Scotia Elections Act as the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia, originated from the Confederation Party of Charles Tupper. Tupper united members of the pre-Confederation Conservative Party (who were predominantly United Empire Loyalists and members of the business elite) and supporters of Sir John A. Macdonald's national Conservative coalition. The party supported Macdonald's protectionist National Policy, nation-building, and the unification of British North America.

Canadian Confederation was initially unpopular in Nova Scotia, and the party was out of government for most of the late 19th century. It formed government for only six years between 1867 and 1956. It bottomed out in 1945, when the party was shut out of the legislature altogether.

The modern party was built by Robert Stanfield after World War II. Stanfield, the scion of a wealthy textile family, had considered himself socialist in university; though he later moderated his views, he always remained a progressive. Under his leadership, what was by then the "Progressive Conservative Party" became a moderate Red Tory organization.^[2] He was able to get the party back into the House of Assembly soon after taking the leadership. By 1956, he had built it into an organization that was able to sweep to power, winning re-election four times.

As premier, he led reforms in human rights, education, municipal government and health care and also created Industrial Estates Limited, a crown corporation that successfully attracted investment from world companies such as Michelin Tire.^[10] He worked to modernized the road system, brought in the first form of Medicare, established the first economic development agency, invested heavily in education at all levels and established the predecessor to the Nova Scotia Community College.

After Stanfield left provincial politics to become leader of the federal Progressive Conservative Party in 1967, G. I. Smith served as premier until 1970.^[11] After being elected party leader in 1971, John Buchanan was elected premier in 1978.^[12] He was re-elected in 1981, 1984 and 1988. In the 1984 election, voters served his largest majority, capturing 42 of the 52 seats in the legislature.^[13] Buchanan's government first succeeded in convincing federal government to give Nova Scotia control over offshore resources such as gas and oil, resulting in future revenue for the province through the Crown Share.^[14]

Roger Bacon became premier in 1990 after Buchanan was appointed to the Senate of Canada and until the party selected Donald W. Cameron as party leader and premier. During his term, Cameron reformed government finance practices, promoted anti-discrimination measures, introduced new government accountability measures and established the first non-partisan electoral boundaries revision commission in 1992.^[15]

After six years of Liberal governments led by John Savage and later Russel MacLellan, PC leader John Hamm was elected premier in 1999. After taking office, he invested more in education and health care, implemented some tax cuts and sold or closed government-owned industries such as Sydney Steel.^[16] His government also passed tough lobbyist registration legislation, introduced smoking cessation initiatives, provided new funding for community college modernization and achieved historically high economic growth and employment numbers.^[17] His government was the first to truly balance provincial finances in 25 years in 2002.^[18] Hamm retired as Premier of Nova Scotia and leader of the PC party in 2006.

Rodney MacDonald was elected to replace Hamm as party leader in 2006 and subsequently became Premier of Nova Scotia. Through strategic investments in rural broadband infrastructure, MacDonald continued to expand high-speed internet access throughout the province.^[19] MacDonald's government moved to help stabilize energy costs, grow the economy and attract new investment to the province.

The 2006 election resulted in a reduced minority for MacDonald and the Progressive Conservatives were reduced to third-party status in the 2009 election.^[20] On June 24, 2009, MacDonald stepped down as leader and Karen Casey was named the interim leader.

Jamie Baillie became leader of the PC Party on October 30, 2010 after running unopposed.^[21] He led the party into the 2013 election, and won eleven seats allowing the PC party form the Official Opposition.^[22] In the 2017 election, the party retained official opposition status, and increased their seat count to 17.^[23]

On November 1, 2017, Baillie announced he was stepping down as leader.^[24][25] Baillie was to remain in the position until a new leader was chosen, however on January 24, 2018, he resigned after the party executive requested his immediate resignation due to "allegations of inappropriate behaviour".^[26][27] Following his resignation, Pictou West MLA Karla MacFarlane was named interim leader.^[26]

In 2018, Tim Houston was elected the leader of the PC party after getting a large plurality of the points in the first round.^[28]

In the 2021 Nova Scotia general election, Tim Houston fought the campaign on a pledge to spend quite a bit to fix healthcare.^[29] The Progressive Conservative party won a majority government for the first time since 1999 and formed government for the first time since 2006.^[30]

According to the PC Party website, their mission is "to form a fiscally responsible, socially progressive government that promotes individual achievement and personal responsibility, is accountable to its citizens, listens to its people, embraces innovation, preserves the best of our unique heritage and diverse cultures and learns from the past".^[31]

Bold indicates Party leaders who served as Premier of the colony or province of Nova Scotia.

Election	Leader	Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Position	Status
1867	Hiram Blanchard		38.5	2 / 38	0	2nd	Opposition
1871			43.7	14 / 38	12	2nd	Opposition
1874	Simon Hugh Holmes		43.6	12 / 38	2	2nd	Opposition
1878			51.7	32 / 38	20	1st	Majority
1882	John Sparrow David Thompson		46.9	14 / 38	18	2nd	Opposition
1886	Adam Carr Bell		28.6	10 / 38	4	2nd	Opposition
1890	William MacKay		46.7	9 / 38	1	2nd	Opposition
1894			47.3	13 / 38	4	2nd	Opposition
1897			44.4	3 / 38	10	2nd	Opposition
1901	Charles Smith Wilcox		41.7	2 / 38	1	2nd	Opposition
1906	Charles Elliott Tanner		42.1	4 / 38	2	2nd	Opposition
1911	John M. Baillie		45.4	12 / 38	8	2nd	Opposition
1916	Charles Elliott Tanner		48.8	12 / 43	0	2nd	Opposition
1920	William Lorimer Hall		24.7	3 / 43	9	4th	Opposition
1925	Edgar Nelson Rhodes		60.9	40 / 43	37	1st	Majority
1928			51.7	24 / 43	16	1st	Majority
1933	Gordon Sidney Harrington		45.9	8 / 30	16	2nd	Opposition
1937			46.0	5 / 30	3	2nd	Opposition
1941	Frederick Murray Blois		40.3	5 / 30	0	2nd	Opposition
1945			33.5	0 / 30	5	3rd	No seats
1949	Robert Stanfield		39.2	8 / 37	8	2nd	Opposition
1953			43.6	13 / 37	5	2nd	Opposition
1956		162,678	48.6	24 / 43	11	1st	Majority
1960		168,023	48.3	27 / 43	3	1st	Majority
1963		191,128	56.2	39 / 43	12	1st	Majority
1967		180,498	52.8	40 / 46	1	1st	Majority
1970	George Isaac Smith	177,986	46.9	21 / 46	19	2nd	Opposition
1974	John Buchanan	166,388	38.6	12 / 46	9	2nd	Opposition
1978		203,500	45.8	31 / 52	19	1st	Majority
1981		200,228	45.8	37 / 52	6	1st	Majority
1984		209,298	50.6	42 / 52	5	1st	Majority
1988		204,150	43.4	28 / 52	14	1st	Majority
1993	Donald William Cameron	151,383	31.1	9 / 52	19	2nd	Opposition
1998	John Hamm	133,540	29.75	14 / 52	5	3rd	Third party
1999		169,383	39.20	30 / 52	16	1st	Majority
2003		148,182	36.32	25 / 52	5	1st	Minority
2006	Rodney MacDonald	160,119	39.57	23 / 52	2	1st	Minority
2009		101,203	24.54	10 / 52	13	3rd	Third party
2013	Jamie Baillie	109,452	26.31	11 / 51	1	2nd	Opposition
2017		142,672	35.73	17 / 51	6	2nd	Opposition
2021	Tim Houston	162,473	38.44	31 / 55	14	1st	Majority

• List of premiers of Nova Scotia
• List of political parties in Canada
• Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia leadership elections