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Rail transport in Haryana

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 24 min

Numbered, colour-coded map of Indian Railways zones
Indian Railways zones in Haryana: 1=Northern Railway (Ambala-Yamunanagar-Kalka), 11=North Western Railway (Loharu-Hisar-Fatehabad-Sirsa), and 13=North Central Railway (Delhi and the rest of Haryana)
Overview
HeadquartersNew Delhi railway station
Dates of operation1952 (1952)–present
Technical
Track gaugeMixed
Other
Websitewww.nr.indianrailways.gov.in

Rail transport in the state of Haryana, India, is conducted by five rail divisions in three zones: the North Western Railway zone (the Bikaner and Jaipur railway divisions), Northern Railway zone (the Delhi and Ambala railway divisions), and North Central Railway zone (the Agra railway division). The Diamond Quadrilateral high-speed rail network,[1] Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor,[2] and Western Dedicated Freight Corridor[3] pass through Haryana.

History

[edit]
See also: Stations in Haryana, IR history, NWR history, NR history, NCR history, and Haryana History

19th century

[edit]
1909 Indian rail map
The Indian railway network in 1909

On 3 March 3 1859, the Allahabad-Kanpur line (North India's first passenger railway line) opened; it is now part of the Northern Railway zone.[4] Tracks passing through Haryana were completed in 1864, when a broad gauge track from Calcutta to Delhi was laid.[5] In 1866, trains started running on the East Indian Railway Company's Howrah-Delhi line.[6] In 1870, the Scinde, Punjab & Delhi Railway completed its 483-kilometre (300 mi) long Amritsar-Ambala-Jagadhri-Saharanpur-Ghaziabad line connecting Multan (in present-day Pakistan) with Delhi.[7] The Sarai Rohilla railway station was built in 1872, when the metre gauge railway line from Delhi to Jaipur and Ajmer was laid. It was a small station just outside Delhi, which was then a walled city. All metre-gauge trains between Delhi and Rewari, Punjab, Rajasthan and Gujarat passed through Sarai Rohilla. Metre-gauge track from Delhi to Rewari and Ajmer was laid in 1873 by the Rajputana State Railway.[5]

In 1884, the Rajputana-Malwa Railway extended the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)-wide (metre-gauge) Delhi-Rewari section of its Delhi–Fazilka line to Bathinda.[8][9][unreliable source?] It became the Delhi-Bathinda-Samasatta line, and was opened by the Southern Punjab Railway Company in 1897.[10] The line passed through the Muktasar and Fazilka tehsils and connected Samma Satta (in present-day Pakistan) directly to Karachi.[11][12] The Bathinda-Rewari metre-gauge line was converted to 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)-wide broad gauge in 1994.[13]

The Delhi-Panipat-Ambala-Kalka line was opened in 1891.[14] The 610 mm (2 ft)-wide narrow gauge Kalka-Shimla Railway, built by the Delhi-Panipat-Ambala-Kalka Railway Company, opened in 1903.[15] In 1905, the line became 762 mm (2 ft 6 in)-wide narrow gauge.

20th century

[edit]

In 1900, the Jodhpur–Bikaner line was merged with the Jodhpur-Hyderabad Railway. Part of this railway is in present-day Pakistan, with connections to Hyderabad in Sindh. In 1901–1902, the line was extended to Bathinda to connect it with the metre-gauge section of the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway and the metre gauge of the North Western Railway Delhi–Fazilka line via Hanumangarh.[16][17] On the Indian border, it was later converted to broad gauge.[18] Mahatma Gandhi was arrested at the Palwal station on his way to Punjab for an April 1919 non-cooperation movement meeting, and a six-foot commemorative statue of Gandhi was installed in October 2013.[19][20][21]

In 1926, the New Delhi railway station opened to serve the new imperial capital. Before the capital was founded in 1911, the Old Delhi Railway Station served the city. The Agra-Delhi railway line ran through Lutyens' Delhi, known for its India Gate war memorial and the Rajpath, but was moved to the Yamuna river and opened in 1924 to make way for the new capital. The Minto (Shivaji) and Hardinge (Tilak) rail bridges were built for the rerouting.

The East Indian Railway Company, who oversaw railways in the region, sanctioned the construction of a single-story building with one platform between Ajmeri Gate and Paharganj in 1926; this was later known as New Delhi railway station. Government plans to have the station built inside the Central Park of Connaught Place were rejected by the rail company as impractical.[22]

Work continued after the station opened, and the New Delhi Capital works project to construct 4.79 miles (7.71 km) of new lines was completed in 1927 and 1928. The viceroy and royal retinue entered the city through the new station during the 1931 New Delhi inauguration. New structures were added to the station, and the original building became the parcel office.[23][24]

On 5 November 1951, the Jodhpur–Bikaner line was merged with the Western Railway.[25] Construction began to convert its metre gauge to 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) broad gauge and build a link to Phulera,[26] and it was the Jodhpur–Merta City–Bikaner–Bathinda line by 2008.[27] On April 14, 1952, the Northern Railway zone was created with the merger of the Jodhpur State, Bikaner State and Eastern Punjab Railways and three East Indian Railway divisions northwest of Mughalsarai, Uttar Pradesh.

In 1976-77, the Ghaziabad-Nizamuddin-New Delhi-Delhi line was electrified.[28] On 1 July 1987, the Ambala railway division was created when 639 km of tracks were transferred from the Delhi Division and 348 km were transferred from the Firozpur Division; it became operational on 15 August 1988. Sixty-two percent of the division is in Punjab, with the rest in Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Chandigarh. The division has 141 stations, including the World Heritage Site Kalka Shimla Railway.[29]

Electrification continued during the 1990s, and the Sabjimandi-Karnal sector was electrified between 1992 and 1995.[30] The Ambala-Chandigarh sector was electrified in 1998 and 1999[31] and was followed by Chandigarh-Kalka, electrified in 1999 and 2000.[31]

Before December 1994, the Delhi-Rewari line had double metre-gauge tracks; that year, one track was converted to broad gauge as part of the Ajmer-Delhi line conversion.[32] Both tracks between the Sarai Rohilla and Delhi railway stations were converted to broad gauge within a few years, and metre-gauge trains stopped operating from the Delhi station.[33]

21st century

[edit]

The North Western Railway zone was created on 1 October 2002,[34] followed by the North Central Railway zone on 1 April 2003. The second metre-gauge track from Sarai Rohilla to Rewari was converted to broad gauge by September 2006, and metre-gauge trains stopped operating between the stations; the converted track opened for public use in October 2007.[33][35] Broad-gauge conversions were adjusted for the Bikaner–Rewari line between 2008 and 2011,[13] and for the metre-gauge Hisar-Sadulpur section in 2009.[13][36]

A 104-km survey for the Panipat–Meerut line was part of the 2010–11 rail budget. The project, costing ₹948 crore, was approved in the 2017-18 budget.[37] New lines were built and opened in 2013. The Chandigarh–Sahnewal line (also known as the Ludhiana-Chandigarh rail link) was inaugurated,[38] the broad-gauge, electrified Rewari–Rohtak line was built,[39] and the foundation stone for the shifting of a section of the Rohtak-Gohana-Panipat line was laid.[40]

A re-survey of the Yamunanagar–Chandigarh line, costing ₹25 crore, was part of the 2016–17 rail budget. The total cost of the project was ₹875 crore.[37] In the 2017-18 rail budget, Indian Railways approved the Panipat-Jind line and Panipat-Rohtak line electrification plans costing ₹980 core. A Panipat-Shamli-Baghpat-Meerut line was approved for ₹2,200 crore.

By December 2017, 6,095 GPS-enabled Fog Pilot Assistance System railway-signaling devices had been installed in the Northern, North Central, North Eastern and North Western Railway zones. The devices ended the practice of putting firecrackers on train tracks to alert train drivers to reduce speed; the location of signals, level-crossing gates and other such markers is known in advance.[41] The Rewari Railway Heritage Museum, built in 1893, is India's only surviving steam locomotive shed.

Network

[edit]

Haryana Space Applications Centre, Hisar (HARSAC) has produced the state's railway map, and its lines are included in the rail "pink book".[42][43][44]

Divisions and workshops

[edit]

Haryana has five divisions in three rail zones, and each division has its own workshops.

Lines

[edit]

Projects

[edit]

Undertaken by Indian Railways and Rail Infrastructure Development Company (Haryana) (H-RIDE, also known as the Haryana Rail Infrastructure Development Corporation).

  • Announced in 2018 (feasibility studies):[59]
  • Karnal-Yamunanagar line,[59] with additional funding in the 2019-20 rail budget[60]
  • Kaithal-Karnal- Meerut line
  • Yamunanagar-Chandigarh via Naraingarh and Sadhaura:[59] A 91-km link sent to the planning commission in 2013.[61] An MoU was signed in 2015,[62] and it was included in the 2018 pink book.[63] Additional funding was allocated in the 2019-20 union railway budget.[60]
  • Delhi-Sohna-Nuh-Ferozpur Zhirka-Alwar line:[59] A 104-km link sent to the planning commission in 2013.[61] An MoU was signed in 2015,[62] and it was included in the 2018 pink book.[63] Additional funding was allocated in the 2019-20 union railway budget.[60]
  • Kaithal-Patiala line: A survey, announced in the 2016-17 budget, was completed in January 2019. In January 2019, it was awaiting Railway Board approval for inclusion in the pink book.[64]
  • Bhiwani-Loharu line via Kairu-Jui:[59] An MoU was signed in 2015, and H-RIDE will build the section and connect it to the Loharu-Pilani-Jhunjhunu link.[65] Additional funding was allocated in the 2019-20 union railway budget.[60] The Jaipur-Reengas-Churu line was surveyed in 2015-2016.[65]
  • Narwana-Hisar line (65 km}: A survey began in 2018[66] of the shortest route via Narnaund.[59]
  • Ukalana-Narwana line (29 km): Previously-announced connection to Kurukshetra and Chandigarh[67]
  • Hansi-Jind line (45 km) via Narnaund: A previously-announced connection,[67] additional funding was allocated for the Jind-Hisar line in the 2019-20 union railway budget.[60]
  • Farrukhnagar-Jhajjar-Charkhi Dadri line (72 km):[59] Surveyed in 2010,[62] the next-stage survey began in 2018.[66][68] Additional funding was allocated in the 2019-20 union railway budget.[60]
  • Jhajjar-Palwal line (95 km): Includes the 30-km Jhajjar-Farukh Nagar link and the 60-km Patli-Sohna-Manesar-Asaoti(Palwal) link along the Western Peripheral Expressway, it was approved by the Haryana government in December 2018 and approval from the railway board was expected shortly.[69]
  • Surveys for the Rajgarh-Taranagar-Sardarshar and Sardarshar-Bhadra-Sirsa lines were completed in 2015-16.[65] km [65]
  • Hisar Airport line: As of December 2018, the Hisar-Jakhal line would be extended to Hisar Airport as an integrated transport hub.[70]
  • Chandigarh(Kalka)-Baddi line (23.33 km): Included in the 2018 NR pink book,[63] a preliminary engineering-cum-traffic survey was done in 2010.[71] In November 2017, Haryana announced that a ₹175 crore, 22-hectare land acquisition was in progress.[72]
  • Manesar railway sliding project for Maruti Udyog[59]
  • Announced c. February 2015:
  • Karnal-Yamuna Nagar line[62]
  • Panipat-Meerut line (104 km): Surveyed and included in the 2018 NR pink book.[63]
  • Kaithal-Karnal line
  • Jakhal-Ratia-Fatehabad line[62]
  • Fatehabad-Mansa-Bhatinda line[62]
  • Hisar-Sirsa via Agroha Fatehabad[62] (93 km) link: Sent to the planning commission in 2013.[61] Survey completed and included in the 2018 pink book;[63] ₹40 lakh was allocated in the 2019-20 union railway budget for a final, detailed survey.[73]
  • Rewari-Palwal (via Bhiwadi) line[62] Survey completed as part of the NCR Regional Orbital Rail Corridor (RORC).Archived 10 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine
  • Alwar-Narnaul-Mahendragarh-Charkhi Dadri line: Announced in 2014, but not yet surveyed.[74]
  • Previously surveyed:[71]
  • Kaithal-Pundri-Karnal line (92 km): Surveyed in 2010[71]
  • Patiala-Samana-Jakhal-Narwana line (93 km): Surveyed in 2010[71]
  • Bahadurgarh-Jhajjar line (40 km): Surveyed in 2010[71]
  • Yamunanagar-Kurukshetra-Patiala line (174 km): Surveyed in 2010[71]
  • Rajgarh-Taranagar-Sardarshar line: Survey completed in 2015-16,[65] with the 100-km Sardarshar-Bhadra-Sirsa line.[65] Sardarshar-Loonkaransar was surveyed in 2014.[65]

Under consideration

[edit]
  • Bilaspur-Paonta Sahib line, to connect the proposed Chandigan-Yamunanagr line to Paonta Sahib and the Chota Char Dham Railway
  • Jhumpa-Bhiwani line
  • Narnaul-Charki Dadri-Meham line
  • Bhadra-Adampur-Fatehabad-Budhlada line, to connect with the surveyed Sardarshahar-Sirsa line
  • Hisar-Kanwari-Tosham-Kairu-Jui-Mahendragarh line
  • Charkhi Dadri-Jhumpa Khurd line
  • Charkhi Dadri-Loharu line
  • Yamunanagar-Indri-Karnal line
  • Fatehabad-Uklana line, to connect with the proposed Uklana-Narwana line
  • Jind-Barwala-Agroha-Adampur line
  • Karnal-Jind-Hansi-Kanwari-Tosham-Jhumpa line: The Kaithal-Pundri-Karnal line was surveyed in 2010.[71]
  • Karnal-Deoband and Mujaffarnagar-Deoband-Roorkee lines: Under construction to connect Haryana to Haridwar
  • Mujaffarnagar-Shamli-Panipat and Mujaffarnagar-Deoband-Roorkee lines: Under construction to connect Haryana to Haridwar
  • Meerut-Sonipat line
  • Hisar-Anupgarh line via Balsamand-Bhadra-Nohar-Ryanwali-Anupgarh
  • Bawanikhera-Mahajan line via Gohana-Meham-Bawanikhera-Kanwari-Tosham-Siwani-Sahwa-Pallu-Mahajan-Anupgarh
  • Mandkola-Dhaulpur line via Mandkola-Hathin-Uttawar-Punhana-Barsana-Govardhan-Deeg-Bharatpur-Dhaulpur route from where it connects to existing Delhi-Dhaulpur-Gwalior-Nagpur route. Also provides alternate route to Agra and Mathura.[75]

Under construction

[edit]
  • Hisar-Hansi-Rohtak line: Rohtak-Meham under construction, with completion scheduled for June 2019; Hansi-Hisar tenders underway in November 2017.[72]
  • Palwal-Firozepure Jhirka-Alwar line, via Palwal-Mandkola-Nuh-Bhadas-Firozepure Jhirka-Ootwar-Alwar[76]

NCR projects

[edit]

Himachal Pradesh

[edit]

Punjab

[edit]

New links near the Haryana border:

  • Abohar-Fazilka line (42.717 km): Included in the 2018 pink book.[63]
  • Chandigarh-Ludhiana line (112 km): Included in the 2018 pink book.[63]

Rajasthan

[edit]
  • Bhatinda-Dabwali-Hanumangarh-Pilibangan-Suratgarh line:[81] Electrification began in 2018-19 at a cost of ₹350 crore.[82]
  • New rail links near the Haryana border:
    • Sardarshar-Lunkaransar line (82 km): A survey was announced in 2013 to connect end points for military requirements.[83] In the 2015 budget, an additional ₹9 lakh was allocated for survey work.[84]
    • Sardarshar-Taranagar-Sadulpur (Rajgarh) line (100 km): A survey was announced in 2015 to connect existing end points.[84]
    • Sardarshahar-Nohar-Sirsa line via Jingana-GudianaKhera-Arniawali-Bajekan (94 km): A survey was announced in 2013, and cost estimates were prepared.[85] In the 2015 budget, an additional ₹14 lakh allocated for survey work.[84]
    • Sardarshahar-Suratgarh-Gajsinghpur line (115 km): A survey was announced in 2015.[86][84]
    • Gajsinghpur (Pakistani border)-Padampur-Goluwala-Pilibanga-Rawatsar-Sahawa-Taranagar-Daderwa-Sadulpur(Rajgarh) line: A survey was announced in 2013 to connect end points for military requirements.[83] In the 2015 budget, an additional ₹44 lakh was allocated for survey work.[84]
    • Neemkathana (on the Delhi-Rewari-Jaipur line)-Sikar-Salasar-Sujangarh line (150 km): A survey was announced in 2013.[87]
    • Alwar-Behror-Narnaul-Charkhi Dadri line: A survey, announced in 2013, was pending approval in 2015.[88]
    • Dausa-Gangapur line (92.67 km): Included in the 2018 NCR pink book[89]
    • Ratlam-Banswara-Dungarpur line (176.47 km): Included in the 2018 NCR pink book.[89]
    • Gauge conversions (planned completion March 2022):
  • New rail links from Rajasthan to Madhya Pradesh:
    • Jhalawar-Biaora-Bhopal line: A tender was issued for construction in 2014.[90]
    • Gauge conversions (planned completion March 2022):
      • Jaipur-Bhopal link: Gwaliar-Sheopur-Kota line (284 km) included in the 2018 NCR pink book.[91]
      • Agra-Kota-Ujjain-Khandwa-Akola-Washim link: Gangapur, Sawai Madhopur Dhaulpur-Sirmuttra-Gangapur line (144.6 km) included in the 2018 NCR pink book.[91]

Uttar Pradesh

[edit]

New rail links near the Haryana border:

Uttrakhand

[edit]

Char Dham Railway: New rail links in Uttrakhand near the Haryana border

National freight corridors

[edit]

The Diamond Quadrilateral high-speed rail network[1] and the Eastern (72 km)[2] and Western Dedicated Freight Corridors (177 km)[3] pass through Haryana.

Special rail

[edit]

High-speed rail

[edit]

Semi-high-speed rail (160-200 km/h)

[edit]

The Delhi-Agra and Delhi-Chandigarh routes will be converted to an average speed of 160–200 km per hour.[93][94]

Rapid Rail Transport System (RRTS)
[edit]
Main article: RRTS in the NCR

The under-construction Delhi-Alwar RRTS and Delhi-Sonepat-Panipat RRTS will pass through Haryana. In December 2017, the National Capital Region Transport Corporation signed cooperation agreements with Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (Spain's state-owned company) and Société nationale des chemins de fer français (France's state-owned company) to develop rapid-rail smart projects. The Delhi-Meerut, Delhi-Panipat and Delhi-Alwar Smart Lines have been prioritized for inclusion in the first phase of NCR RRTS, and will operate from Sarai Kale Khan in Delhi. With a 180-km/h design speed, 160-km/h operational speed and 100-km/h average speed, six-car trains carrying 1,154 passengers will run every 5 to 10 minutes on underground or elevated tracks where passengers will not have to change trains. Thirty-five to 40 percent of funding will be from the central and state governments, with the remaining 60 percent from multilateral funding agencies.[95][96][97] The Delhi-Alwar line will have 19 stations: nine underground stations from ISBT Kashmere Gate to Kherki Daula and 10 elevated stations on its 124.5-km route.[97]

High-speed rail (200-500 km/h)

[edit]
Main article: High-speed rail progress

The Diamond Quadrilateral's Delhi-Mumbai and Delhi–Amritsar high-speed rail lines, via Sohna-Rewari-Narnaul, will pass through Haryana.[1] The Ministry of Railways established the High Speed Rail Corporation of India Limited on February 12, 2016, to promote high-speed rail corridors.[98] The ministry's "Vision 2020" white paper envisages regional high-speed rail projects to provide service at 250–350 km/h, and plans for corridors connecting commercial, tourist, and pilgrimage hubs. Six corridors have been identified for technical studies on high-speed elevated-rail corridors, including two in Haryana.[99]

Metro service

[edit]

Proposed

[edit]
  • Chandigarh and Panchkula: Chandigarh Metro
  • Sonipat extension (Red Line): In June 2017, the Haryana cabinet approved an investment of ₹968.20 (US$150 million) as its share of the 80:20 equity ratio with the union government for the 4.86-kilometre (3.02 mi) extension of the Delhi Metro from Rithala to Sonipat via Bawana, with three elevated stations: at Narela in Delhi, on the Delhi border at the Kundli Industrial Area, and at the Nathupur Industrial Area in Sonipat. They were planned to be built from April 2018 to March 2022 as part of the metro's Phase IV.[100]
  • Bahadurgarh Green Line extension: An extension of the Green Line from Mundka along NH 9 was scheduled for completion by December 2017.[101]
  • Rohtak Green Line extension: An extension of the Green Line from Bahadurgarh[102]
  • Jhajjar Blue Line extension: To Najafgarh and Kharkari in Delhi and Badli and Jhajjar in Haryana.
  • Dwarka-AIIMS Bhadsa-Farukh Nagar-Gurugram Blue Line extension: From Dwarka to AIIMS Jhajjar at Badsha, Farukh Nagar and Gurugram in Haryana.[103]
  • Dwarka-Gurugram Blue and Orange Line Airport Express extension: A second connection via Kapashera and Bijwasan, on the Haryana border.[104] A proposal was prepared in November 2017 for two routes.[105]
  • Gurugram-Manesar Yellow Line extension: To the Manesar industrial township in the west[102]
  • Balramgrah (Faridabad)-Palwal Violet Line extension: From Balramgarh (Ballabhgarh) to Palwal district headquarters[102]

Multimodal transport

[edit]

Five Multimodal Transit Centres (MMTCs) are being built along the Western Peripheral Expressway (WPE) near railway stations, metro, RRTS and national highways:

  • Sonipat: Kundli MMTS, between the Rajiv Gandhi Education City RRTS station and the WPE interchange
  • Bahadurgarh MMTS, between the Bahadurgarh bus stand and metro station
  • Ballabhgarh MMTS, between the Ballabhgarh metro station, the bus stand and the railway station
  • Panchagaon Chowk MMTS, between the proposed metro station and the Gurugram RRTS station
  • Kherki Daula MMTS, near the proposed metro station, the Delhi-Alwar RRTS station and the bus stand at the junction of Chhapra and Naihati villages.[106]

Logistics hubs

[edit]

Issues

[edit]

Issues include a lack of progress on announced projects, comprehensive long-term transport-needs analysis and planning, funding, connectivity, integration with multimodal transport, effective use of existing infrastructure (such as integrated logistics and industrial hubs), and land acquisition.[108][109][110][111]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Address by The President of India to the Joint sitting of Parliament 2014 (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014
  2. ^ a b "Eastern DFC". Archived from the original on 26 November 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  3. ^ a b "Western DFC". Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  4. ^ Asiatradehub.com.com. "India – Infrastructure Railways". Archived from the original on 16 October 2008. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
  5. ^ a b "Delhi District: Trade and communications". The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 11. Oxford at Clarendon Press. 1909. p. 229.
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  14. ^ "IR History: Early Days II (1870-1899)". Retrieved 7 March 2014.
  15. ^ "Engineer" journal article, circa 1915, reprinted in Narrow Gauge & Industrial Railway Modelling Review, no. 75, July 2008
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  17. ^ "IR History: Part II (1870-1899)". IRFCA. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
  18. ^ "Railway line along Indian border". Press Information Bureau, Govt. of India, 21 April 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
  19. ^ "Gandhi's statue damaged in Palwal : The Tribune India".
  20. ^ EMU rams into train near Palwal, driver dies
  21. ^ Chauhan, Arvind (29 October 2015). "India's fastest train Gatimaan Express to become operational by March 2016" – via The Economic Times - The Times of India.
  22. ^ "CP's blueprint: Bath's Crescent". Hindustan Times. 8 February 2011. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013.
  23. ^ "A fine balance of luxury and care". Hindustan Times. 21 July 2011. Archived from the original on 14 December 2014.
  24. ^ "When Railways nearly derailed New Delhi". Hindustan Times. 18 January 2011. Archived from the original on 26 September 2013.
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  29. ^ a b c Ambala Division map and history.
  30. ^ "History of Electrification". IRFCA. Retrieved 3 March 2014.
  31. ^ a b "History of Electrification". IRFCA. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
  32. ^ "[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ - IR History - 1970 - 1994". www.irfca.org.
  33. ^ a b Press Information Bureau English Releases
  34. ^ "North Western railway history". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  35. ^ "Delhi-Haryana rail link gets better". The Hindu. 8 October 2007. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007.
  36. ^ "Bathinda–Rewari line route map". India Rail Info.
  37. ^ a b Haryana gets much less than expected in rail budget, Jagran, 25 February 2016.
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  39. ^ "Haryana gets first functional railway line after 33 years". Business Standard, 7 January 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
  40. ^ "Minister for Railways Sh. Mallikarjun Kharge lays the foundation stones of 'Rohtak-Meham-Hansi new line and shifting of Rohtak-Makrauli section of Rohtak-Gohana-Panipat section today". Northern Railway. Retrieved 3 March 2014.
  41. ^ Indian Railways to use GPS-enabled devices to fight fog this season, Economic Times, 12 Dec 2017.
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  50. ^ a b Delhi division map and history
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  52. ^ a b "Ambala Railway Division". Railway Board. Northern Railway zone. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
  53. ^ "Statement showing Category-wise No.of stations in IR based on Pass. earning of 2011" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  54. ^ a b "PASSENGER AMENITIES - CRITERIA= For Categorisation Of Stations" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  55. ^ Kalka workshop
  56. ^ a b "North Central Railways / Indian Railways Portal". ncr.indianrailways.gov.in.
  57. ^ a b "North Central Railways / Indian Railways Portal". www.ncr.indianrailways.gov.in. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  58. ^ Rly Min gives approval for accelerated speed rail route between Delhi and Hisar, United News, 29 Dec 2017.
  59. ^ a b c d e f g h 7 new projects announced, India Today, 26 January 2018.
  60. ^ a b c d e f New rail projects will get speed in Haryana, Amar Ujala, 3 Feb 2019.
  61. ^ a b c Three railway line projects for Haryana, state government will give 50%: Hooda, Times of India, 28 July 2013.
  62. ^ a b c d e f g h Haryana, Railways for speedy implementation of projects, The Hindu, 1 Feb 2015.
  63. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Northern Railway Pink Book 2018.
  64. ^ Patiala-Kaithal rail line survey complete, Amar Ujala, 1 Feb 2019.
  65. ^ a b c d e f g Rajasthan gets more railines to Haryana and Punjab, Rajasthan Patrika.
  66. ^ a b Haryana Samvad Archived 29 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Oct 2018.
  67. ^ a b Hisar MP meets railway minister, seeks more train for his constituency, Times of India, 4 Feb 2017.
  68. ^ State got several railway projects, The Tribune, Feb 2015.
  69. ^ Haryana clears railway link between Panipat and Palwal, awaits centre's nod, Times of India, Dec 2018.
  70. ^ Hissar airport will be connected directly to delhi from railline, Dainik Jagran, 25 Dec 2018.
  71. ^ a b c d e f g Survey of railway lines, Project Today, 2010.
  72. ^ a b NR current survey status 2017.
  73. ^ New raliline between Hissar to Sirsa in Haryana, Amar Ujala, 3 Feb 2019.
  74. ^ छह वर्ष बाद भी अलवर-चरखी दादरी रेलवे लाइन के सर्वे का इंतजार, Amar Ujala, 2017.
  75. ^ "Mandkola to Dholpur". Mandkola to Dholpur.
  76. ^ "Runicha Express/14659 Train Running Status Merta Road/MTD to Phalodi/PLCJ - Railway Enquiry". indiarailinfo.com.
  77. ^ Archived 10 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine
  78. ^ Meerut-Panipat railway line soon, Amar Ujala, 2016.
  79. ^ a b Bhopal-Ramganj rail link tender
  80. ^ a b "Ramganj Mandi to Bhopal". Ramganj Mandi to Bhopal.
  81. ^ "Bathinda to Suratgarh". Bathinda to Suratgarh.
  82. ^ Hisar-Bhatinda-SuratGarh electrification has commenced, Rajasthan Patrika, 2017.
  83. ^ a b "Gajsinghpur to Lunkaransar". Gajsinghpur to Lunkaransar.
  84. ^ a b c d e 4 new rail lines from Sardarshar being surveyed: Sardarshar-Taranagar-Sadulpur (Rajgarh) line, Sardarshar-Loonkaransar line, Sardarshar-Suratgarh-Gajsinghpur line and Sardarshar-Sirsa line.
  85. ^ "Sardarshahar to Sirsa". Sardarshahar to Sirsa.
  86. ^ "Sardarshahar to Gajsinghpur". Sardarshahar to Gajsinghpur.
  87. ^ 3 new surveys and additional budget for 4 previously planned surveys in 2015 budget announced by the Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu, 2015.
  88. ^ "Alwar to Charkhi Dadri". Alwar to Charkhi Dadri.
  89. ^ a b c d e "2018 NWR Pink Book" (PDF).
  90. ^ "Jhalawar to Bhopal". Jhalawar to Bhopal.
  91. ^ a b c 2018 NCR Pink Book.
  92. ^ a b Railway heritage theme park on the anvil at Rewari, Daijiworld, 19 Jan 2018.
  93. ^ "Railways completes pilot project for semi-high-speed train".
  94. ^ "Indian Railways To Launch Semi High Speed Bullet Trains On Three Routes". Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  95. ^ India Spain cooperate in rail, 1 December 2017.
  96. ^ "On track: Direct trains on high-speed rail corridor to and from most NCR towns", Hindustan Times, 28 November 2017.
  97. ^ a b "High speed rail link by 2023 to cut journey time to 30 minutes at 100 km/h between Kashmere Gate and Gurgaon", The Economic Times, 23 April 2017.
  98. ^ "Welcome to HSRC". hsrc.in. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
  99. ^ "Indian Railways: Vision 2020" (PDF). Indian Railways. December 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
  100. ^ Delhi Metro to be extended till Haryana's Sonepat Archived 29 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine, The Economic Times, 1 July 2017.
  101. ^ Delhi Metro's longest line: Majlis Park to Shiv Vihar set to open, Eturbo News, Juergen T Steinmetz, 6 June 2017.
  102. ^ a b c Expected PM Narendra Modi to announce Metro's extension to other parts of Haryana, says CM Bhupinder Hooda, DNA India News, September 2015.
  103. ^ AIIMS demands metro connectivity to its Jhajjar centre, Drug Today News, 14 May 2015.
  104. ^ Metro to connect HUDA City Centre station with Gurugram railway station , The Hindu, 4 May 2017.
  105. ^ "हुडा सिटी सेंटर से रेलवे स्टेशन व द्वारका तक मेट्रो चलाने की तैयारी.", Amar Ujala, 17 Nov 2017
  106. ^ Haryana govt to set up multi modal transit centres Outlook, 11 Jan 2018.
  107. ^ a b c d Dubai-based company keen on investing in state, The Tribune, 6 Dec 2017.
  108. ^ Critical Issues Related to Metro Rail Projects in India, 21 Dec 2017.
  109. ^ Double-lane rail track to miss another deadline, The Tribune, 12 July 2017.
  110. ^ Railway minister shows green light to pending projects in state, Times of India, 2 April 2015.
  111. ^ Now onus on states to ensure land transfer for rail projects , Indian Express, 15 Nov 2017.
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