Rangiya

Rangiya Rangia
City
Rangiya City
Rangiya night aerial view Rangiya city view Rangiya Junction railway station Rangiya Eco Park Rangiya Highway view Mrityunjay Shiv Mandir Rangiya city road view at night Padum Pukhuri Park
Seal
Nickname(s):  City of Colors, Transportation Hub of Assam, Plantation Valley of Assam, Gateway of Indo-Bhutan Border
Rangiya Location in Assam, India Show map of Assam Rangiya Rangiya (India) Show map of India
Coordinates: 26°28′N 91°38′E / 26.47°N 91.63°E / 26.47; 91.63
Country	India
State	Assam
Region	Lower Assam
District	Kamrup
No. of Wards	10
Rangiya Municipal Board	1 January 1956
Founded by	Government of Assam
Government
• Type	Municipal Board
• Body	Rangiya Municipal Board
• Deputy Commissioner	Deba Kumar Mishra, ACS
• MLA	Bhabesh Kalita (BJP)
• Chairman	Amarendra Lahkar[1]
• ADC Officer	Debashis Goswami
• Superintendent	Shri Hitesh Ch.Roy, APS
Area [2]
• City	9.6 km2 (3.7 sq mi)
• Rank	1st in Kamrup district
Elevation	39 m (128 ft)
Population
• City	39,216
• Rank	18th
• Density	4,100/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
• Metro	46,567
Demonym	Rangian
Languages
• Official	Assamese
• Native	Kamrupi
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	781354
Telephone code	03621
ISO 3166 code	IN-AS
Vehicle registration	AS 01 & AS 25
Literacy	88.92% (2011) high
Sex ratio	1.17:1 (male:female) ♂/♀
Climate	Cwa[3]
Lok Sabha constituency	Darrang–Udalguri
Vidhan Sabha constituency	Rangiya
Planning agency	1
Precipitation	1,752 millimetres (68.97 inch)
Avg. annual temperature	27°C (80.6°F)
Summer temperature	35°C - 39°C
Winter temperature	14°C - 20°C
Website	rangiamb.org.in

Rangiya (Assamese: [ˈræŋˌgɪə]) is a major city of Lower Assam division located in the Kamrup district of Assam, India.^[4] Rangiya is the new headquarters of Kamrup district, and it serves as the Sub-district headquarters of Rangiya Sub-district. One of Rangiya's significant features is its role as the divisional headquarter of the Northeast Frontier Railway, which is one of the major railway zones in India.^[5] The Redhorn Division of the Indian Army is located just three kilometers from the city and Additionally, Rangiya holds the distinction of being known as the gateway to the Indo-Bhutan border.

The Rangiya Junction railway station is the fourth largest railway station in Northeast India.^[6] Rangiya's ancient name is "Randiya", Rangiya covers an area of 9.6 square kilometers and is divided into 10 wards where regular elections are conducted every 5 years.^[7] Rangiya Municipal Board was established on 1st January, 1956 with a population of 27,889 (as per 2011 census), Rangiya Municipality covers an area of 9.25 sq. Km.. The Municipality authority of Rangiya is consistently working heard to provide better, clean, hygienic urban facilities to the citizen of the city.^[8] Rangiya Municipal Board has total administration over 6,215 houses to which it supplies basic urban amenities. It is also authorize to build roads, construct drain system, develop parks, within Municipal Board limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.

The city is serves as the major international tourist attractions of Bhutan, it is 48.7 kilometres from the city. All tourist are tour Bhutan from the NH127D also called as: Rangiya-Bhutan road connecting to the city to Samdrup Jongkhar,^[9] a small town of Bhutan and Gateway of Bhutan. Assam's mainly Lower Assam people's tour Bhutan from Rangiya. The city is located approximately 52 kilometers away from the state headquarter Dispur (Guwahati),^[10] which is the capital of Assam and about 39 kilometers from Jalukbari, a prominent area in Guwahati city. Rangiya is also serves as the important transportation hub of Assam.

The city is also famous for Hindu festival Jhulan Yatra, the festival in Assam is only celebrated in Rangiya.^[11] The festival is celebrated in Radha Krishna Temple of Rangiya in the month of July/August.

The word "Rangiya" is believed to have been derived from the local term "Randiya". According to local folklore, "Ran" means 'war' and "Diya" means 'to give', indicating that Rangiya was a place where a conflict or battle took place between the Boro people and Bhutanese communities.^[12]

Rangiya served as the Southern Boundary of Bhutan before the 1895 Duar War.

In Ancient times it was part of Ancient Kamrup, and subsequently included in Kamapitha division of Kamarupa Kingdom. In modern times, Rangiya is part of Kamrupi cultural region.^[13]

A peasant uprising by the peasants of Rangia against the increased land taxes of the British. The rebellion took place on 10 January There are about 3,000 farmers in front of the Rangia police station with sticks and batons. R.B. Mecabe, the Deputy Commissioner of Kamrup, was killed in the attack by the rebels.^[14] Then the police opened fire. Officially, no one was killed in the shooting, but legend has it that 17 people were killed.^[15]

On 10 January 1894, more than 3,000 rebel peasants arrived at the Rangia police station with sticks and tongs.^[16] They tried to forcibly release the Fatekials and attacked the Commissioner. RB McAbee was beaten to death by the crowd.^[17] Police opened fire to disperse the crowd. According to official figures, no one was killed in the shooting; However, according to legend, 17 people died. Government forces also died at the hands of the rebels.^[18] Government persecution gradually increased. The people were helpless.^[19] There was also a decline in the enthusiasm of the people. Mandal Jaltiram Kalita was dismissed from his job for participating in the mutiny. The mutiny leader Kan Goswami was released from Fatek after promising to pay the increased treasury to the tehsildar.

During the Mughal period, southern Assam, ie Sarkar-Kamrup, was divided into several parganas. After the transfer of the rule of Sarkar-Kamrup from the Mughals to the Ahoms, the system was not changed much except for the division and reduction of a few parganas. In 1826, the Treaty of Yandabu transferred the rule of Assam to the British. In 1833-34, Captain Bagalch, the ruler of Kamrup, introduced the system of land pattans on an annual basis for the first time and reduced the former parganas. These parganas were called mouzas or mahals (Circles). He created an officer called Chowdhury to collect revenue from these parganas and the ranks of Patwari, Thakurya, Kakati and Piyada to assist him. In the fourth and fifth decades of the nineteenth century, efforts were made to develop Rangia as an administrative and revenue collection centre. He then established a police station here under a daroga. The 1853 report of AJ Moffat Mills stated that there were six police stations in Kamrup at that time. The employees of Rangia police station were as follows: Daroga 1, Mohari 1, Jamadar 1, Kakati 1, Barkandaj 9 and Tekela In 1870, land settlement rules were prepared and a coherent system of revenue assessment and land pattans was introduced. The posts of various revenue officers like Mouzadar, Mandal etc. were created. Land survey and land classification of Kamrup district also started. It was during this period that a tahsil was formed in Rangia comprising eight mouzas or parganas. He was appointed as the Tahsildar. He was the Tahsildar of Rangia from The parganas under Rangia tehsil are 1) Panduri, 2) Panduri Kheraj, 3) Kaurbaha, 4) Kaurbaha Kheraj, 5) Barigog, 6) East Banbhag, 7) West Banbhag and 8) Dhamadhama. From April 1883, the Government resumed settlement in the main districts of Assam (Assam proper) by dividing new land classes for ten-year leases and increasing rent rates. This is a source of discontent among the farmers of Assam. In 1861, he banned the cultivation of opium in Assam and imposed taxes on beverages and coconuts. In 1861, a revolt broke out in Phulguri and surrounding areas due to the government's anti-people policies. This is the famous Phulguri Dhewa- the first peasant uprising of Assam against the British.

In 1942, freedom fighters burnt down the office of the Rangia Tahsildar. In 1994, the people of Rangia celebrated the centenary of the Risemel. In 1996, preparations were started to construct a Krishak Shahid Bhawan and a pillar in memory of the Raijmel on the same land with the funds of the MP fund and the building was inaugurated on 15 December.

Rangiya is located at 26°28′N 91°38′E / 26.47°N 91.63°E / 26.47; 91.63.^[20] It has an average elevation of 39 metres (128 feet). Rangiya covers of area 9.6 square kilometres. The river Baralia flows through the heart of the city. The Rangiya Junction railway station is a major hub connecting Assam with the rest of India. This city is also very well connected by road through the National Highways 27 and 127D. This connectivity and the strategic location of the city in the region has made it an important center in trade and commerce in Western Assam, serving a vast transport land. It is one of the biggest transportation city in Lower Assam.

There are several educational institutes in Rangiya. Some of them are Jawaharlal Nehru Shishu Vidyalaya (Estd. 1964), Modern English School (Estd. 1993), Rangia College (Estd. 1964),^[21] Third Eye Computer Education Centre (Estd. 2008), Sankardev Academy Junior college, Pragmetic Academy Junior College, Euclid Group of institutions, Faculty Academy, Symbiosis Academy, Manabendra Sarma Girls College, Rangia Higher Secondary School (Estd. 1936, Rangiya Arabic College, Rangiya Teachers Training College,^[22] Rangiya Girls' H.S. School, Rangiya High Madrasa & H.S. School, Arimatta Vidyapith H.S. School, Rangia Hindi High School, Railway High School (Bengali Medium), (Estd.1950), Shankardev Shishu Niketan (Estd. 1987), Ambedkar Lotus English School (Estd. 1984), Fatima Convent School (Estd. 2007), Kendriya Vidyalaya NFR Rangia, SERS Public School,^[23] Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Rangiya Law College and Sankaracharya Vidya Niketan, premada sivanath vidyapith, Red Horns Public School (Estd.1988), Rangia Jatiya Vidyalaya Tiniali (Estd.2010). Rangia Basic training center,The level of educational awareness in this area is high.

Rangiya Municipal Board is the local body responsible for governing, developing and managing the city. It is divided into 10 municipal wards.^[24]

Assam has a total of 126 assembly constituencies, and Rangiya Assembly constituency is one of these 126 segments where voters elect their representative. Bhabesh Kalita is the current MLA of Rangiya Assembly constituency. It also falls under the Darrang–Udalguri Lok Sabha constituency, which elects members to the national-level Lok Sabha, Dilip Saikia is the current MP of Darrang–Udalguri Lok Sabha constituency.^[25]

Rangiya is the headquarters of Kamrup district and Kamrup district Police located in Rangiya serves Kamrup district, and Rangiya Sub-divisional Police with Rangia Police serves only Rangiya Sub-District areas and urban areas of Rangiya.^[26]

The Sub-divisional Judicial Court of Rangiya is the second court of Kamrup district serves areas of Kamrup district and Rangiya Sub-district. The main district judicial court located at Amingaon.^[27]

Rangiya is a divisional headquarters of Northeast Frontier Railway, Rangiya division serves mainly Lower Assam railway stations, the stations is under Rangiya railway division. The division is managed the stations and re-develop them.^[28]

As of 2011^[update] India census,^[30] Rangiya had a population of 26,389. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Rangiya has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 78%, and female literacy is 67%. In Rangiya, 12% of the population is under six years of age.

There are several private hospitals in Rangiya apart from 2 government hospitals. Some of them are Swasti Hospital (Estd. 2018),^[31] Rangia Poly Clinic & Nursing Home, Sparsh Hospital (Estd. 2016).^[32]

The movie theatre named Delight Gold Cinema is located at Rangiya, Station Road. The Mobile theatres and circuses in every year performed on the historical Rangiya Mrityunjay Shiv Mandir that every years city peoples can enjoy it. The city is also a commercial center with a range of markets and business establishments catering to the needs of the local population and surrounding areas.^[33]

The Eco Park named as Railway Eco Park located at Rangiya Railway Colony Road, the park had fully Naturally, A large pond is centre of the Park and the sides of the pond is covered by walking zones.^[34]

The Padum Pukhuri Park is a Lotus pond and park, and also known as "I Love Rangia" park.^[35] It is located at Rangiya Tiniali, Bhutan Road. This park is inaugurated by 13 August 2022 by Bhabesh Kalita, State President BJP, Assam Pradesh and MLA of Rangiya LAC.

Dipteshwari Devalaya is a most historical temple of Assam located in the Rangiya Dipteshwari area, it is dedicated to lord Durga.^[36]

The nearest domestic and international airport is Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport, Guwahati.^[37]

Rangiya falls under the Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways network. There are one station in Rangiya The Rangiya Junction railway station (The fourth largest railway station in North-east India) it is serves areas of Nalbari, Baihata Chariali. Major trains serving Rangiya with major cities are the Dibrugarh Rajdhani Express, Saraighat Express, Brahmaputra Mail, North-East Express, and Kamrup Express. Rangiya Junction is the largest station in Western Assam after Guwahati.^[38]

Nearly all trains halts at Rangiya Junction railway station. It is a junction of the New Bongaigaon–Guwahati section of Barauni–Guwahati line. It is one of the divisional headquarters of Northeast Frontier Railway. The Rangiya–Murkongselek line connects the state to Arunachal Pradesh.^[39] Rangiya is known for its strategic location as a major transportation hub in Assam.^[40] It is well-connected by road and rail networks, making it an important junction for transportation and commerce in the region.

National Highway 27 and National Highway 127D runs through the heart of the city. The NH27 connects the important towns and cities of Assam like Guwahati, Nalbari, Barpeta, Bongaigaon and connects Nagaon, Jorhat, Dibrugarh and Tinsukia. And also NH27 connects Rangiya with the states West Bengal, Bihar and rest of India. NH127D connects Rangiya with Tamulpur, Bhutan, Tangla, Udalguri, Mangaldoi, Dhekiajuli and Tezpur. Rangiya is important transit point in the region.^[41]

The Climate of the area affects human activities to a great extent. Rangiya has a similar climatic condition with rest of the Brahmaputra valley with hot humid summer and cool dry winter.^[42] Mean annual maximum and minimum temperatures of those towns are 36.5 C and 8.1 C respectively. There is sufficient rainfall in summer with an annual average of 1852.20mm and a Ralative Humidity of 75%.

• Himanta Biswa Sarma, Chief Minister of Assam.

• Bhabesh Kalita, President of Bharatiya Janata Party, Assam and MLA of Rangiya Assembly constituency.

• Bhubaneswar Kalita, Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha, Born in Rangiya, Assam.

• Rana Pratap Kalita, former general officer in the Indian Army Born in Rangiya, Assam.

• Kamrup district
• Rangiya railway division
• Kamrup region
• List of cities in Assam by population
• Rangiya Junction railway station
• Rangia College
• Rangia Higher Secondary School
• Rangiya Assembly constituency
• Guwahati, Nalbari, Bongaigaon, Nagaon, Morigaon, Dibrugarh, Sivasagar, Tinsukia, Jorhat

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Rangiya.

• https://www.rangiamb.org.in/
• https://www.kamrup.nic.gov.in