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Agenția Spațială Română | |
Agency overview | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | ROSA |
Formed | 1991 |
Type | Space agency |
Headquarters | Bucharest, Romania |
Administrator | Flaviu Raducanu (Acting)[1] |
Annual budget | US$ 8 million extrabudgetary financing |
Website | rosa.ro |
The Romanian Space Agency (ROSA; Romanian: Agenția Spațială Română) is a public institution[2] that coordinates Romania's national space technology. ROSA, established in 1991, is subordinate to the Romanian Ministry of Education.[3][4][5]
ROSA is not a representative of the Romanian Government, but ROSA establishes cooperative agreements with international organizations such as the European Space Agency,[6] and the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). Along with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROSA represents Romania at the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space (COPUOS) and at its subcommittees.
In addition, the Romanian Space Agency conducts research projects through the ROSA Research Center.
There are several notable historical figures in the aeronautics from Romania, including:
Romania is host to heritage companies like Airstar, Avioane Craiova, Industria Aeronautică Română, Romaero and Societatea Pentru Exploatări Tehnice. The country currently manufactures twenty different types of aircraft, based on a mix of domestic and international designs.
The country has experience in the field of space applications, such as satellite communications, remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), global information, and positioning and navigation systems. Since 1977 it has operated as an Intelsat ground station in Cheia with two 32-metre antennas.[7] Romania has been involved in more than thirty scientific and technological space missions in the Interkosmos program, including the 1981 flight of Dorin-Dumitru Prunariu on the Soyuz 40.
In 1992, Romania signed a cooperation agreement with the European Space Agency (ESA)[8] for the peaceful uses of outer space, followed by a Framework Agreement with ESA in 2006.[9] Romania contributed through co-investigators to several ESA missions such as Hershel, Planck, SOHO and Gaia.
With Romania's accession to ESA on December 22, 2011, Romanian researchers in the industry now have the opportunity to participate in ESA missions. Since 2004, Marius-Ioan Piso (born January 7, 1954) has served as acting President of the agency and as executive director since 2005.[10] He was involved in the establishment of the Romanian Space Agency in 1991.[11]
The first Romanian satellite, Goliat was launched on the first flight of European Vega launch vehicle on 13 February 2012 from Guiana Space Centre.[12][13][14]
The final flight of NASA's space shuttle Discovery — NASA mission STS-133 — transported a Romanian experiment created by the Romanian Institute for Space Science to the International Space Station.[17]
Growth and Survival of Colored Fungi in Space (CFS-A) was an experiment designed to determine the effect of microgravity and cosmic radiation on the growth and survival of colored fungi species.[18]
Principal investigators: Dumitru Hasegan, Romanian Institute for Space Science, Bucharest. (ESA). The launch of STS-133 took place on February 24, 2011.
Goliat is the first Romanian artificial microsatellite, launched on February 13, 2012.[19] It was selected to be launched into orbit by the European Vega rocket, on its first operational flight.[20]
The system was developed and designed by ROSA in collaboration with the Institute of Space Sciences, BITNET and ELPROF companies between 2005 and 2007. The microsatellite is a cube with sides of 10 inches and a weight of one kilogram.
The Goliat mission was funded by the National Authority for Scientific Exploration within the National Excellence Research program and it has an educational character, being the first microsatellite launched in a ROSA space program.
RoBiSAT represents the second Romanian artificial nanosatellites mission. The mission is composed of 2 Cubesat 2U-type satellites and was supposed to be part of the QB50 constellation. They were to be sent to the ISS in the second quarter of 2017 on the Cygnus CRS OA-7 however the mission was postponed indefinitely.[21][22]
The two nanosatellites, called RoBiSAT 1 and RoBiSAT 2, were built at the Institute of Space Science located in Magurele, Romania.[23]
National Attributes:
International attributes: ROSA is the appointed national representative for:
The first agreement between Romania and the European Space Agency (ESA) was signed in 1992,[24] followed in 1999 by the Romania–ESA Agreement on cooperation in the peaceful exploration and use of space. Since 2007, Romania contributes to the ESA budget as a European Cooperating State (PECS), status ratified by Law no. 1/2007.
On December 22, 2011, Romania became the 19th member of the European Space Agency.
An important step in the accession process was to conduct a technical audit on the relevant entities in Romania (institutes, research centres, industrial companies and SMEs), which have space technological capabilities. The audit was conducted by ESA, based on a sample of 130 entities, 50 of them being organized technical visits and interviews.
The full member state of the European Space Agency status gives the organizations in Romania access, in the same way as the ESA countries, to all programs run. This is an important technology transfer and the opening of a high-tech market. The intellectual property is maintained at a national level, having an important role in the establishment of competence in the country.
The ROSA Research Center (RRC) was formed in 1998. Another step was the joint venture agreements concluded with CRUTA — the Romanian Center for Remote Sensing Applications in Agriculture — an SME laboratory initially organized as an independent branch of the ISPIF (Research and Development Institute for Land Use). A joint venture agreement was concluded with the Institute of Space Science in Bucharest.
Since 2006, on behalf of the Romanian Government, ROSA has strengthened its relationship with ESA by signing a PECS agreement.
RRC developed, since 2003, R&D projects addressing national strategy, as well as technological development in the GNSS field. One of the last projects, “Capacity, Infrastructure and Applications for GNSS-GALILEO” directly addressed the problem of extending EGNOS in Eastern Europe through infrastructure development.
Romanian Space Agency has no object of industrialization and marketing. The research results were used for the development of systems and services dedicated to a particular beneficiary (information systems, consulting, education):
Launched during the ‘Romanian Space Week’,[25] an annual scientific conference organized by ROSA between May 12–16, 2014, ESERO Romania was established as the result of a partnership agreement between the Romanian Space Agency and the European Space Agency (ESA), joining a European network of ESEROs which are now present in 10 European countries.[26]
ESERO is a project established by ESA aimed at using the fascination with space to support the teaching and learning of STEM subjects (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) in European primary and secondary schools. Through ESERO Romania, ROSA and ESA plan to respond to Romanian specific national educational needs and eventually encourage the young generations to take up a STEM-related career.[27]
ESA PROGRAMMES 2023–2025
On September 14, 2022, the Romanian Space Agency (ROSA) with the support of the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalisation, organised an Info Session on the ESA Programmes for the period 2023–2025. The event took place at the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine (USAMV), in Bucharest.[28]
Annual Scientific Conference Romanian Space Week[29]
Between May 12–16, 2014, the Romanian Space Agency (ROSA) organized the 2014 edition of the annual scientific conference "Romanian Space Week" (RSW 2014). The event was dedicated to presenting the implementation status of the projects funded through the Programme for Research, Development and Innovation for Space Technology and Advanced Research (STAR), which aims to improve Romania's industrial competitiveness in the Programmes of the European Space Agency.
The 2014 ESA–EUSC–JRC Image Information Mining Conference: The Sentinels Era, Bucharest, March 2014[30]
The Romanian Space Agency (ROSA) and the Politehnica University Bucharest (UPB) hosted the Ninth ESA–EUSC–JRC Image Information Mining Conference: The Sentinels Era, between March 5–7, 2014. The event was organized for European space agencies and organizations, aerospace industry and research centres, value-added companies and service providers.
The 29th EUGridPMA Meeting, September 2013[31]
Between September 9–11, 2013, the Romanian Space Agency organized the 29th meeting of the European Grid Policy Management Authority (EUGridPMA). The European Grid Policy Management Authority is an international organization that coordinates European e-Science authentication using digital certificates, and which, together with the Asia-Pacific Grid Policy Management Authority and the Americas Grid Policy Management Authority, form the International Grid Trust Federation.
2nd IAA Conference on Space Systems as Critical Infrastructure, August 2013[32]
Between August 29–30, 2013, the Romanian Space Agency (ROSA) together with the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) organized the 2nd Conference on Space Systems as Critical Infrastructure at the Golden Tulip Hotel in Mamaia, Black Sea, Romania. The symposium aimed to explore dependency on satellites to support critical infrastructure.
The annual scientific conference of the "Space Technology and Advanced Research (STAR)" Programme, June 2013[33]
Between June 26–27, 2013, the Romanian Space Agency, the coordinating organization of the Research, Development and Innovation Program — "Space Technology and Advanced Research" STAR, held the annual scientific conference dedicated to presenting the implementation stage of projects funded within the projects competition C1-2012.
ESA, ASTRIUM and Thales Alenia Space present the opportunities for participating in the ARTES 14 Programme (Advanced Research in Telecommunications Systems) at Bucharest, April 2013
The Romanian Space Agency organized an informative session on the ESA Programme dedicated to the next generation of Neosat platforms — ARTES 14 (Advanced Research in Telecommunications Systems). Representatives from ESA, as well as from prime contractors Astrium, a subsidiary of EADS (European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company) and Thales Alenia Space attended the event.
The briefing aimed to assess the possibilities, capabilities and interest in being involved in ARTES 14 from organizations in Romania, as well as to provide a better understanding of the general and specific issues related to this program.
The "European Earth Monitoring Programme GMES — Copernicus: Its benefits for the citizens of Eastern Europe" Conference, May 2013[34]
The Romanian Space Agency, the European Space Agency, the European Commission and Eurisy jointly organized the second edition of the GMES COPERNICUS conference dedicated to Eastern Europe EU Member States. The conference took place in Bucharest, May 21–22, 2013.
Since the first edition in 2012, the main objective of the conference was to highlight the various opportunities Copernicus can and will offer, with a focus on the new EU member states from Eastern Europe.
PLEIADES: A new dimension of satellite imaging, October 2012[35]
Organised by the Romanian Space Agency (ROSA) together with Astrium Geo-Services, the Faculty of Land Reclamation and Environment Engineering in Bucharest, the Military Technical University in Bucharest and Tradsym Consult, the event presented the features of the Pleiades-SPOT constellation, as well as applications developed by Romanian researchers, based on the image database provided by SpotImage-Astrium Geo-Services.
Exploratory workshop with the scientific Romanian Diaspora on "Space — Science, Technology and Applications", September 2012[36]
The workshop collaborated with Romanian scientists working abroad to discuss space applications resulting from science and technology. The event was part of the event "Diaspora in the Romanian Scientific Research and Higher Education".
1st IAA Conference on Space Systems as Critical Infrastructures, September 2012[37]
The conference was organized by the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) and the Romanian Space Agency (ROSA), co-sponsored by the International Institute of Space Law (IISL), September 6–7, 2012.
GEOSS Summer School — Remote Sensing of the Black Sea Marine Environment, August 2012
The 4th edition of the GEOSS summer school was hosted by the Romanian Space Agency in August of 2011, with a focus on the current use of remote sensing, EO data and future remote sensing sensors, contributing to monitoring the marine environment evolution and satellite oceanography.
GMES: New Opportunities for Eastern Europe, May 2012[38]
The Romanian Space Agency (ROSA), together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and the European Commission (EC) organized the "GMES: New Opportunities for Eastern Europe" conference from May 3–4, 2012.
Space Situational Awareness Workshop, April 2012[39]
ROSA together with the Research Agency on Military Technologies organized a workshop on Space Situational Awareness, where programmes of ESA and NATO were discussed, as well as the possibility to develop a Romanian ground-based facility for NEO and space debris observation, space weather contributions in Romania, and high performance computing mobile for disaster management applications.
GEOSS Summer School: Advancing Earth Observation Data Understanding Crisis Management and Emergency Response, August 2011[40]
The Romanian Space Agency organized the 3rd edition of the GEOSS Summer School, part of activities supporting GEO capacity building in Earth Observation. The program focused on acquiring knowledge on the current use of EO data and image information mining techniques contributing to preventing, monitoring and assessing the impact of natural and man-made disasters and crisis situations.
2011 IAA Planetary Defense Conference: From Threat to Action, May 2011[41]
The International Academy of Astronautics held its second conference on asteroid impact prevention from May 9–12, 2011 in Bucharest, Romania. The 1st IAA Planetary Defense Conference: Protecting Earth from Asteroids, co-sponsored by the European Space Agency and The Aerospace Corporation, was the follow-on to three previous planetary defence conferences held in 2004 in Los Angeles, 2007 in Washington, D.C., and in 2009 in Granada, Spain.
Romania is among the lesser-known of the pioneering nations that contributed to space exploration in the 1970s and 1980s.
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