Romensky Uyezd (Russian: Роменский уезд, Ukrainian: Роменський повіт) was one of the subdivisions of the Poltava Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Romny.
At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Romensky Uyezd had a population of 186,497. Of these, 93.5% spoke Ukrainian, 4.2% Yiddish, 1.7% Russian, 0.3% German, 0.2% Polish and 0.1% Belarusian as their native language.[1]