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Sailing at the Summer Olympics

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 22 min
Sailing at the Summer Olympics
IOC CodeSAL
Governing bodyWorld Sailing
Events10 (men: 4; women: 4; mixed: 2)
Summer Olympics

Sailing (also known as yachting until 2000) has been one of the Olympic sports since the Games of the I Olympiad, held in Athens, Greece, in 1896. Despite being scheduled in the first Olympic program, the races were canceled due to severe weather conditions. Apart from the 1904 Summer Olympics, sailing has been present in every edition of the Olympic Games.

  • For the scoring system used for sailing events during the Olympics look at: Scoring systems for Sailing at the Summer Olympics
  • A directory page to all Olympic sailors is given at: List of sailors at the Summer Olympics
  • Information about the Sailing at specific Summer Olympics or the used equipment can be found using the table below:
  • Gender – Until 1988, sailing was a gender neutral 'open' sport where male and female sailors competed together. Even in 1900, several women participated at the Olympic sailing regattas. The exception to this is the post-World War II 1948 Olympics where the IOC decided the events should only be open to male sailors.[1] In 1988, the first exclusive women's sailing event was introduced.[2] Sailing was also one of the first sports to introduce a compulsory mixed gender events in 2016 the Mixed Multihull was introduced.
  • Discipline – Most of the Olympic sailing competitions were done in what is called a fleet race format. At some Olympics, however, was also the match race format, or a mixed fleet/match race format.
  • Classes – Over time, different classes of boat featured at the Olympics. Initially, the classes were specified in tons, then later in meters, feet or generic names. For the discontinued classes, the Vintage Yachting Games were introduced in 2008.
  • Medal Tables – Great Britain leads the Olympic sailing medal ranking table.

Summary

[edit]
Games Year Events Best Nation
1 1896 —[a]
2 1900 13  France (1)
3
4 1908 4  Great Britain (1)
5 1912 4  Norway (1)
6
7 1920 14  Norway (2)
8 1924 3  Norway (3)
9 1928 3  Norway (4)
10 1932 4  United States (1)
11 1936 4  Germany (1)
12
13
14 1948 5  United States (2)
15 1952 5  United States (3)
16 1956 5  Sweden (1)
17 1960 5  Denmark (1)
18 1964 5  United Team of Germany (1)
19 1968 5  United States (4)
20 1972 6  Australia (1)
21 1976 6  West Germany (1)
22 1980 6  Brazil (1)
23 1984 7  United States (5)
24 1988 8  France (2)
25 1992 10  Spain (1)
26 1996 10  Brazil (2)
27 2000 11  Great Britain (2)
28 2004 11  Great Britain (3)
29 2008 11  Great Britain (4)
30 2012 10  Australia (2)
31 2016 10  Great Britain (5)
32 2020 10  Great Britain (6)
33 2024 10  Netherlands (1)
  1. ^ Competitions were cancelled at the 1896 Olympics.

Timeline

[edit]
1964 Summer Olympic Games competitor medal awarded to Irish yachtsman Eddie Kelliher
  • 1896: A regatta of sailing boats was on the program for 31 March 1896 (1896-03-31) in Athens. However this event had to be given up since there were no boats available from Greece and no foreign entries.
  • 1900: Two venues were used to host the 1900 Sailing events. One in Meulan 20 May 1900 (1900-05-20) till 27 May 1900 (1900-05-27) for the inshore races on the river Seine. And one in Le Havre 1 August 1900 (1900-08-01) till 5 August 1900 (1900-08-05) for the Offshore races on the English Channel. In Meulan six classes were used over several days. About 55 boats and a little less than 150 sailors are documented, included the first female gold medalist Hélène de Pourtalès. In Le Havre two classes were used for the offshore event. About 10 boats made the competition. Crewmembers were not documented, just the owners and/or helmsmen.
  • 1904: Sailing was not a part of the Olympic program.
  • 1908: At the 1907 The Hague Conference of the IOC Ryde at the Isle of Wight was appointed to host the sailing regattas, for all classes, of the games of the IVth Olympiad. However, when there were only two British entries for the 12 Metre matches, and both yachts were located at the Firth of Clyde, the decision was made to use Hunters Quay as a second venue. In 1906 international meetings were organized to solve the problem of the differences in the performance of the different yachts. Finally in Paris, October 1907 the first International Rule was ratified. During the meeting in 1907 the IOC made the decision to use the International Rule classes for the Olympic regattas (6, 7, 8 and 12 Metre).
  • 1912: When Sweden was assigned to host the 1912 Olympic Games two cities wanted to be the venue for the sailing program. Gothenburg and Stockholm. Gothenburg claimed that it was a much shorter passage for the overseas entries (about 525 nautical miles (972 km) less) than it was to Stockholm. Stockholm however got the sailing program because of then all Olympic events should be in the same vicinity. As specific location Nynäshamn, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Stockholm was chosen. Also the decision was made to use the International Rule classes again for the Olympic regattas (6, 8, 10 and 12 Metre).
  • 1920: When Antwerp was assigned to host the 1920 Olympic Games, Ostend was appointed for the sailing contests. Ostend – "The Queen of the Belgian sea-side resorts" – offers fair condition for sailing on the North Sea. Although there are tidal conditions the current is reasonable predictable. Local knowledge does not have too much influence on the races. The wind conditions are also good for sailing. In the case of the 1920 Summer Olympic regatta's the prevailing breeze did not show. Most races had to be sailed under light air conditions. The competition was open for a total of sixteen classes. Two classes had a "No show".
  • 1924: After the massive number of classes used four years earlier only three classes were selected for the 1924 Olympics. Again there was a one design class. The two other classes were construction classes of the International Metre type. Two locations were used: Meulan was the venue for the Olympic regatta's in the French National Monotype. The host club for the 1924 Olympic Sailing at Meulan was the Cercle de la Voile de Paris. The race conditions at Meulan during the Olympic regatta were not ideal. The light breeze during the first elimination series could hardly make the sailing interesting. Le Havre was the venue for the Olympic regattas for the 6 and 8 Metre. The host club for the 1924 Olympic Sailing at Le Havre was the Société des Régates du Havre. Due to the Easterly winds the courses at Le Havre were mostly reaches. Sailing a windward leg was not really tested. This however was more or less custom for that era. Furthermore, this was the first Olympic regatta were just one competing team per class per country was allowed.
  • 1928: Like in the 1924 Olympics only three classes were chosen. There was the revival of the 12' Dinghy from the 1920 Olympics and again the proven 6 and 8 Metre classes. This Olympic sailing regatta can be considered as the first Olympic regatta with a high quality of racing since there were: Well selected classes that represented sailing; Sufficient competitors per class and good and fair sailing conditions. The only disadvantage was the daily passing of the Oranje Locks.

Olympic Classes & Events

[edit]

Over the years the classes used in the Olympic Sailing Program were replaced from time to time. This table shows this development:

Class Disc Gender 96[3] 00[4] 04[5] 08 12 16[6] 20 24 28 32 36 40[7] 44[8] 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 24 Sailed Events
Boats of the Royal Navy Fleet Male (●) 0
0-½ ton Fleet Open x2 2
½-1 ton Fleet Open x2 2
1-2 ton Fleet Open x2 2
2-3 ton Fleet Open x2 2
3-10 ton Fleet Open x2 2
10-20 ton Fleet Open ● 1
20+ ton Fleet Open ● 1
Open class Fleet Open ● 1
6 Metre (1907 Rule) Fleet Open ● ● ● 10
6 Metre (1919 Rule) Fleet Open ● ● ● ●
6 Metre (1933 Rule) Fleet Open ● (●) ●
6 Metre (1933 Rule) Fleet Male ●
6.5 Metre Fleet Open ● 1
7 Metre Fleet Open ● ● 2
8 Metre (1907 Rule) Fleet Open ● ● ● 8
8 Metre (1919 Rule) Fleet Open ● ● ● ●
8 Metre (1933 Rule) Fleet Open ●
8.5 Metre Fleet Open (●) 0
9 Metre Fleet Open (●) 0
10 Metre (1907 Rule) Fleet Open ● ● 3
10 Metre (1919 Rule) Fleet Open ●
12 Metre (1907 Rule) Fleet Open ● ● ● 4
12 Metre (1919 Rule) Fleet Open ●
15 Metre (1907 Rule) Fleet Open (●) 0
12 foot dinghy Fleet Open ● ● (●) 2
18 foot dinghy Fleet Open ● 1
30m2 class Fleet Open ● 1
40m2 class Fleet Open ● 1
French National Monotype 1924 Fleet Open ● 1
Snowbird Fleet Open ● 1
Star Fleet Open ● ● (●) ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 18
Fleet Male ● ● ● ●
O-Jolle Fleet Open ● 1
Dragon Fleet Open ● ● ● ● ● ● 7
Fleet Male ●
Swallow Fleet Male ● 1
Firefly Fleet Male ● 1
Finn Fleet Open ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 18
Fleet Male ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
5,5 Metre Fleet Open ● ● ● ● ● 5
Sharpie 12m2 Fleet Open ● 1
Flying Dutchman Fleet Open ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 9
Soling Fleet Open ● ● ● ● ● 8
Fleet/
Match		 Open ● ● ●
Tempest Fleet Open ● ● 2
Tornado Fleet Open ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 9
470 Fleet Open ● ● ● 22
Fleet Male ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Fleet Female ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Fleet Mixed ●
Windglider Fleet Open ● 1
Division II Fleet Open ● 1
Lechner Fleet Male ● 2
Fleet Female ●
Europe Fleet Female ● ● ● ● 4
Mistral Fleet Open ● ● ● 6
Fleet Female ● ● ●
ILCA 7 (Laser) Fleet Open ● ● ● 8
Fleet Male ● ● ● ● ●
ILCA 6 (Laser Radial) Fleet Female ● ● ● ● ● 5
49er Fleet Open ● ● 7
Fleet Male ● ● ● ● ●
49er FX Fleet Female ● ● ● 3
Yngling Fleet Female ● ● 2
RS:X Fleet Male ● ● ● ● 8
Fleet Female ● ● ● ●
Elliott 6m Match Female ● 1
Nacra 17 Fleet Mixed ● ● ● 3
iQFoil Fleet Male ● 2
Fleet Female ●
Formula Kite Fleet Male ● 2
Fleet Female ●
Total (1) 13 0 4
(5)		 4 14
(16)		 3 3 4 4 (3) 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 8 10 10 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 205
Class 96[3] 00[4] 04[5] 08 12 16[6] 20 24 28 32 36 40[7] 44[8] 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 24 Sailed Events

Gender Criteria: Open events have no gender requirements where as mixed events require male and female competitors
Events Notes: Events in "()" Brackets were scheduled but did not take place and therefore not included in the totals

Boat types

[edit]
Boat type 96 00 04[5] 08 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 24 Sailed Events
Dinghy / Centreboard ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 26
Skiff (dinghy type) ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 5
Keelboats ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 21
Yachts / Sail cruisers ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 11
Multihull (dinghy-sized) ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 10
Sailboard (windsurfing) ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 11
Kiteboard (kitesurfing) ● 1
One-Design / Monotype ? ● ? ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 24
Construction class
Development class 		? ? ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 14

Race types

[edit]
Race type 96 00 04[5] 08 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 24 Editions
Fleet ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 30
Match ●W 1
Combined FRQ+MR ● ● ● 3
Relay 0

Olympic sailing venues

[edit]
Main article: List of Olympic venues in sailing

Pictures will be replaced by more relevant photos.

Edition Year Host City Sailing venue Opening Closing View Classes
I 1896  Greece (GRE) Athens Piraeus 1-APR 1-APR Cancelled
II 1900  France (FRA) Paris Meulan 20-MAY 27-MAY All, except ...
Le Havre 1-AUG 5-AUG 10–20 ton
III 1904  United States (USA) St. Louis Not programmed
IV 1908  Great Britain (GBR) London Ryde 27-JUL 29-JUL 6 Metre
7 Metre
8 Metre
Hunter's Quay 11-AUG 12-AUG 12 Metre
V 1912  Sweden (SWE) Stockholm Nynäshamn 19-JUL 22-JUL All
VI 1916  Germany (GER) Berlin Probably not programmed
VII 1920  Belgium (BEL) Antwerp Ostend 7-JUL 10-JUL All, except...
The Netherlands SEP SEP Finals 12 foot dinghy
VIII 1924  France (FRA) Paris Meulan 10-JUL 13-JUL French National Monotype 1924
Le Havre 21-JUL 26-JUL 6 Metre
8 Metre
IX 1928  Netherlands (NED) Amsterdam Durgerdam 2-AUG 9-AUG All
X 1932  United States (USA) Los Angeles Port of Los Angeles 5-AUG[9] 12-AUG All
XI 1936  Germany (GER) Berlin Kiel 4-AUG 16-AUG All
XII 1940  Japan (JPN) Tokyo Yokohama harbour 21-SEP 6-OCT All
Cancelled
 Finland (FIN) Helsinki Program not made Cancelled
XIII 1944 Olympics suspended
XIV 1948  Great Britain (GBR) London Torquay 4-AUG 12-AUG All
XV 1952  Finland (FIN) Helsinki Harmaja 20-JUL 28-JUL All
XVI 1956  Australia (AUS) Melbourne Port Phillip Bay 26-NOV 5-DEC All
XVII 1960  Italy (ITA) Rome Naples 29-AUG 7-SEP All
XVIII 1964  Japan (JPN) Tokyo Enoshima 12-OCT 23-OCT All
XIX 1968  Mexico (MEX) Mexico City Acapulco 13-OCT 25-OCT All
XX 1972  West Germany (FRG) Munich Kiel 29-AUG 8-SEP All
XXI 1976  Canada (CAN) Montreal Kingston, Ontario 18-JUL 31-JUL All
XXII 1980  Soviet Union (URS) Moscow Tallinn, Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic 21-JUL 29-JUL All
XXIII 1984  United States (USA) Los Angeles Long Beach, California 31-JUL 8-AUG All
XXIV 1988  South Korea (KOR) Seoul Busan 20-SEP 27-SEP All
XXV 1992  Spain (ESP) Barcelona Barcelona 27-JUL 4-AUG All
XXVI 1996  United States (USA) Atlanta Savannah, Georgia 22-JUL 2-AUG All
XXVII 2000  Australia (AUS) Sydney Sydney 17-SEP 30-SEP All
XXVIII 2004  Greece (GRE) Athens Athens 14-AUG 28-AUG All
XXIX 2008  China (CHN) Beijing Qingdao 9-AUG 21-AUG All
XXX 2012  Great Britain (GBR) London Weymouth and Portland 28-JUL 11-AUG All
XXXI 2016  Brazil (BRA) Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 8-AUG 18-AUG All
XXXII 2020  Japan (JPN) Tokyo Enoshima 25-JUL 2021 4-AUG 2021 All[10]
XXXIII 2024  France (FRA) Paris Marseille 28-JUL 8-AUG All

Medal table

[edit]

Updated as of Paris 2024 Olympics.

See also: List of Olympic medalists in sailing
Overall Medal Total by Nation
RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Great Britain (GBR)32211366
2 United States (USA)19232062
3 Norway (NOR)1711533
4 France (FRA)15152151
5 Australia (AUS)149831
6 Spain (ESP)145322
7 Denmark (DEN)1310932
8 Sweden (SWE)10151439
9 Netherlands (NED)1091130
10 New Zealand (NZL)99725
11 Brazil (BRA)83819
12 Italy (ITA)63817
13 Austria (AUT)54110
14 Soviet Union (URS)45312
15 Germany (GER)35715
16 China (CHN)3328
17 Greece (GRE)3238
18 Belgium (BEL)2439
19 Finland (FIN)22711
20 West Germany (FRG)2237
21 East Germany (GDR)2226
22 Israel (ISR)2125
23 Mixed team (ZZX)2002
24 Argentina (ARG)15511
25 Ukraine (UKR)1225
26 Switzerland (SUI)1214
27 Croatia (CRO)1203
28 Poland (POL)1135
29 United Team of Germany (EUA)1113
30 Bahamas (BAH)1012
31 Hong Kong (HKG)1001
32 Canada (CAN)0369
33 Slovenia (SLO)0314
34 Portugal (POR)0224
35 Japan (JPN)0213
36 Cyprus (CYP)0202
 Ireland (IRL)0202
38 Hungary (HUN)0112
 Russia (RUS)0112
40 Cuba (CUB)0101
 Czech Republic (CZE)0101
 Lithuania (LTU)0101
 Netherlands Antilles (AHO)0101
 Virgin Islands (ISV)0101
45 Estonia (EST)0022
46 Peru (PER)0011
 Russian Empire (RU1)0011
 Singapore (SGP)0011
Totals (48 entries)205197190592

Nations

[edit]

This table is based upon the names of the sailors who are documented in the Official Olympic Reports.

The last column shows the total number of competitors sent from each country.

Nation 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 24 Years
 Netherlands Antilles (AHO)     1 2 2 1 6
 Algeria (ALG)     3 2 5
 Andorra (AND)     2 3 5
 Angola (ANG)     3 3 2 8
 Antigua and Barbuda (ANT)     1 1 5 1 1 1 10
 Argentina (ARG)     6 5 11 18 14 6 9 6 6 9 4 8 11 7 10 11 11 10 8 13 11 194
 Aruba (ARU)     1 3 4
 American Samoa (ASA)     2 2 4
 Australia (AUS)     1 3 6 10 13 11 11 13 12 13 13 13 16 18 18 17 13 11 11 223
 Austria (AUT)     1 1 5 3 1 7 3 3 12 9 5 10 8 13 6 5 7 11 8 8 8 134
 Bahamas (BAH)     7 3 11 8 6 8 1 3 2 2 3 54
 Barbados (BAR)     2 4 5 2 1 1 15
 Belgium (BEL)     3 14 9 6 3 12 4 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 5 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 97
 Bermuda (BER)     3 9 4 4 7 6 3 2 7 4 3 5 2 2 61
 Burma (BIR)     2 3 5
 Belarus (BLR)     6 4 1 4 2 2 2 21
 Botswana (BOT)     1 1
 Brazil (BRA)     1 7 6 2 5 5 5 10 8 12 12 16 17 14 12 14 12 9 15 13 195
 Bahrain (BRN)     4 1 5
 Bulgaria (BUL)     5 1 2 1 2 11
 British West Indies (BWI)     2 2
 Cambodia (CAM)     3 3
 Canada (CAN)     1 13 1 5 11 7 11 11 11 10 10 13 15 17 16 9 11 14 11 9 9 215
 Cayman Islands (CAY)     2 2 3 7 1 1 16
 Ceylon (CEY)     1 1
 Chile (CHI)     1 5 3 1 1 1 1 3 9 25
 China (CHN)     4 5 3 5 4 4 18 9 8 13 73
 Colombia (COL)     2 1 2 1 6
 Cook Islands (COK)     1 1 1 2 5
 Croatia (CRO)     3 3 4 4 10 12 8 4 48
 Cuba (CUB)     3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 19
 Cyprus (CYP)     1 5 2 2 3 2 3 4 2 2 4 30
 Czech Republic (CZE)     1 2 2 4 4 4 3 1 21
 Denmark (DEN)     3 4 5 7 13 7 4 9 9 11 11 8 9 8 14 16 11 12 14 6 13 11 8 213
 Djibouti (DJI)     1 1 2 4
 Dominican Republic (DOM)     1 1 2
 Ecuador (ECU)     1 1
 Egypt (EGY)     1 1 1 2 5
 El Salvador (ESA)     3 1 1 5
 Spain (ESP)     4 6 1 4 1 11 1 8 7 8 7 8 16 17 16 17 18 16 14 14 15 209
 Estonia (EST)     5 1 4 4 4 1 2 5 5 2 33
 Fiji (FIJ)     1 4 5 4 6 1 1 22
 Finland (FIN)     27 1 1 12 14 14 3 9 5 3 7 8 7 5 5 8 8 10 4 9 11 8 5 184
 France (FRA)   451   3 3 3 9 13 3 14 17 9 7 11 3 9 11 10 11 13 17 13 12 18 18 16 15 14 723
 Great Britain (GBR)   73   41 6 6 8 3 14 13 14 11 11 9 11 13 12 13 15 17 16 16 18 18 16 15 15 404
 Georgia (GEO)     2 2
 Germany (GER)   12   6 1 19
 Germany (GER)     14 14
 Germany (GER)     14 14
 United Team of Germany (EUA)     8 11 11 30
 East Germany (GDR)     8 11 6 12 9 46
 West Germany (FRG)     11 13 12 13 15 64
 Germany (GER)     15 15 17 17 12 12 12 10 110
 Greece (GRE)     4 3 1 8 4 6 6 6 4 7 8 9 14 11 18 12 11 7 8 147
 Guatemala (GUA)     2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 11
 Guam (GUM)     2 2 3 1 8
 Hong Kong (HKG)     4 5 4 1 4 4 7 2 2 2 2 2 3 42
 Hungary (HUN)     6 1 5 1 4 5 1 7 3 8 12 6 7 3 3 5 4 81
 Independent Olympic Athletes (IOA)     1 1
 India (IND)     2 3 2 2 2 2 1 4 18
 Indonesia (INA)     3 3 2 1 1 1 1 12
 Ireland (IRL)     5 1 1 6 4 8 6 2 1 5 5 10 4 9 6 8 6 3 90
 Iceland (ISL)     2 2 1 1 6
 Israel (ISR)     2 2 5 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 6 5 60
 Virgin Islands (ISV)     3 8 6 9 6 7 2 2 1 1 2 1 48
 Italy (ITA)     8 12 1 14 15 14 11 11 10 8 10 12 6 11 15 13 16 18 18 18 11 13 9 274
 British Virgin Islands (IVB)     5 1 3 1 10
 Jamaica (JAM)     3 5 3 2 2 2 17
 Japan (JPN)     3 1 6 11 3 5 8 13 7 10 10 10 9 9 11 15 131
 Kenya (KEN)     3 1 4
 Kyrgyzstan (KGZ)     1 1
 South Korea (KOR)     1 10 3 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 44
 Latvia (LAT)     1 2 2 2 1 1 9
 Saint Lucia (LCA)     1 1 1 2 5
 Lebanon (LIB)     3 3
 Lithuania (LTU)     2 1 1 1 3 2 2 12
 Luxembourg (LUX)     1 1
 Morocco (MAR)     1 1 2
 Malaysia (MAS)     1 1 1 1 1 2 4 11
 Mexico (MEX)     2 11 11 6 3 6 4 3 2 4 3 3 3 3 4 68
 Malta (MLT)     3 1 1 2 2 1 1 11
 Montenegro (MNE)     1 1 1 3
 Monaco (MON)     1 1 2 3 3 2 1 13
 Mozambique (MOZ)     3 3
 Mauritius (MRI)     1 1
 Netherlands (NED)   9   8 4 12 3 8 8 9 6 6 6 5 9 12 8 12 14 12 9 14 12 11 11 10 218
 Norway (NOR)     5 18 59 9 10 14 13 12 6 9 9 11 13 6 7 7 14 8 9 8 9 6 6 8 276
 New Zealand (NZL)     4 3 3 3 9 8 11 13 17 16 18 12 9 15 12 10 163
 Oman (OMA)     1 1
 Pakistan (PAK)     6 2 2 10
 Paraguay (PAR)     1 1 2
 Peru (PER)     1 1 1 1 2 5 11
 Philippines (PHI)     3 3 1 3 3 1 2 4 20
 Papua New Guinea (PNG)     1 1 2 4
 Poland (POL)     1 6 3 11 1 12 2 4 6 9 9 11 11 7 9 102
 Portugal (POR)     1 6 3 9 9 5 11 6 8 6 2 3 3 8 9 9 7 8 13 5 5 136
 Puerto Rico (PUR)     1 6 5 9 6 3 4 3 2 3 2 44
 Qatar (QAT)     1 1 2
 Rhodesia (RHO)     2 3 5
 Romania (ROM)     5 2 7
 South Africa (RSA)     1 1 3 1 4 5 3 11 5 2 1 3 2 3 3 48
 Russian Empire (RU1)     17 17
 Soviet Union (URS)     14 10 11 11 11 13 12 12 15 109
 Unified Team (EUN)     14 14
 Russia (RUS)     6 6
 Russia (RUS)     12 12 13 10 10 7 64
 Samoa (SAM)     1 1
 Senegal (SEN)     1 1
 Seychelles (SEY)     1 2 3 1 1 3 1 12
 Singapore (SGP)     5 3 1 2 2 4 3 1 6 2 10 4 43
 Slovenia (SLO)     3 5 5 7 6 4 3 3 36
 San Marino (SMR)     1 1 1 3
 Sri Lanka (SRI)     2 1 3
 Switzerland (SUI)   9   1 1 6 13 11 11 7 9 10 6 8 9 9 10 5 8 8 9 6 9 6 171
 Slovakia (SVK)     4 1 1 1 7
 Sweden (SWE)     13 41 11 4 11 7 15 15 14 7 11 11 8 13 12 10 13 15 15 15 17 10 11 14 7 9 329
 Czechoslovakia (TCH)     1 1 1 3 3 9
 Thailand (THA)     2 2 4 4 3 2 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 3 4 3 38
 Chinese Taipei (TPE)     1 2 3 1 1 1 1 10
 Trinidad and Tobago (TTO)     2 2 1 1 1 1 8
 Tunisia (TUN)     1 1 1 4 4 11
 Turkey (TUR)     3 1 3 2 2 2 5 4 5 6 5 6 8 52
 United Arab Emirates (UAE)     1 1
 Ukraine (UKR)     12 11 10 6 4 3 46
 Uruguay (URU)     1 4 1 3 1 3 5 3 2 1 2 1 2 4 3 36
 United States (USA)   16   11 22 14 16 19 12 10 11 11 13 12 13 15 17 16 18 18 18 16 15 13 326
 Venezuela (VEN)     2 3 4 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 1 23
 Yugoslavia (YUG)     1 3 3 2 3 1 3 1 17
 Zimbabwe (ZIM)     3 1 1 5
 Mixed team (ZZX)   9   9
Sailors 579 65 110 101 74 129 58 169 216 230 140 287 223 247 315 250 153 298 373 442 458 402 400 400 380 380 350 7229
Sailors – Male 577 63 110 101 73 127 58 166 216 228 140 287 223 247 315 250 153 296 330 360 358 308 261 261 237 257 175 6177
Sailors – Female 2 2 0 0 1 2 0 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 43 82 100 94 139 139 143 123 175 1052
Sailors – First Games
Countries 7 5 6 6 19 22 11 26 23 29 28 47 40 40 42 40 23 60 60 68 78 69 61 62 63 66 64 39 Mean
New countries 7 3 3 0 10 5 1 8 2 3 7 11 5 5 2 3 3 14 5 11 12 1 0 2 3 1 3 130
Events Held 13 4 4 14 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 8 10 10 11 11 11 10 10 10 195 Gold Medals
Boats 162 13 20 6 32 41 23 59 75 93 71 138 109 123 151 127 83 171 214 271 312 273 268 272 273 274 250 3904
Average class size 10 3.3 6 1.7 10.3 13.7 5.8 14.8 15 18.6 14.2 27.6 21.8 24.6 25.17 21.17 13.83 24.43 26.75 27.1 31.2 24.82 24.36 24.73 27.3 27.4 25 19 Mean
Average team size 1.3 5 4.6 4.3 2.3 3.3 2.3 2.9 2.9 2.4 2.2 6.11 5.58 6.18 7.5 6.25 6.65 4.97 6.22 5.15 5.87 5.83 6.56 6.45 6.03 5.76 5.47 5 Mean
  • Early Olympic do not have complete data so some assumption on crew sizes and gender have been made to give a better indication of the number of people involved.

Multiple gold medalists

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Briton Ben Ainslie and Brazilians Torben Grael and Robert Scheidt are the only Olympic sailors with five Olympic medals. The most successful sailor is Ainslie with four gold medals and one silver, one of only four athletes to win four consecutive gold medals in individual events.

Position Sailor Country Period Gold Silver Bronze Total Classes
1 Ben Ainslie  Great Britain (GBR) 1996–2012 4 1 0 5 ILCA 7 (Laser)/Finn
2 Paul Elvstrøm  Denmark (DEN) 1948–1960 4 0 0 4 Firefly/Finn
3 Jochen Schümann  East Germany (GDR)
 Germany (GER)		 1976–2000 3 1 0 4 Finn/Soling
Valentin Mankin  Soviet Union (URS) 1968–1980 3 1 0 4 Finn/Tempest/Star
5 Robert Scheidt  Brazil (BRA) 1996–2012 2 2 1 5 ILCA 7 (Laser)/Star
6 Torben Grael  Brazil (BRA) 1984–2004 2 1 2 5 Soling/Star
7 Marit Bouwmeester  Netherlands (NED) 2012–2024 2 1 1 4 ILCA 6 (Laser)
8 Hannah Mills  Great Britain (GBR) 2012–2020 2 1 0 3 470
Iain Percy  Great Britain (GBR) 2000–2012 2 1 0 3 Finn/Star
Magnus Konow  Norway (NOR) 1912–1936 2 1 0 3 12 Metre/8 Metre/6 Metre
Mark Reynolds  United States (USA) 1988–2000 2 1 0 3 Star
Mathew Belcher  Australia (AUS) 2012–2020 2 1 0 3 470
Rodney Pattisson  Great Britain (GBR) 1968–1976 2 1 0 3 Flying Dutchman
14 Tore Holm  Sweden (SWE) 1920–1948 2 0 2 4 40m2 class/8 Metre/6 Metre
15 Jesper Bank  Denmark (DEN) 1988–2000 2 0 1 3 Soling
Marcelo Ferreira  Brazil (BRA) 1996–2004 2 0 1 3 Star
16 Algernon Maudslay  Great Britain (GBR) 1900 2 0 0 2 Open class/.5 to 1 ton
Bernd Jäkel  East Germany (GDR)
 Germany (GER)		 1988-1996 2 0 0 2 Soling
Dorian van Rijsselberghe  Netherlands (NED) 2012–2016 2 0 0 2 RS:X
Erik Hansen  Denmark (DEN) 1976–1980 2 0 0 2 Soling
Frédéric Blanchy  Mixed team (ZZX)
 France (FRA)		 1900 2 0 0 2 2 to 3 ton
John Gretton  Great Britain (GBR) 1900 2 0 0 2 Open class/.5 to 1 ton
Giles Scott  Great Britain (GBR) 2016–2020 2 0 0 2 Finn
Håkon Barfod  Norway (NOR) 1948-1952 2 0 0 2 Dragon
Herman Whiton  United States (USA) 1948–1952 2 0 0 2 6 Metre
Jacques Le Lavasseur  Mixed team (ZZX)
 France (FRA)		 1900 2 0 0 2 2 to 3 ton
Kahena Kunze  Brazil (BRA) 2016–2020 2 0 0 2 49er FX
Linton Hope  Great Britain (GBR) 1900 2 0 0 2 Open class/.5 to 1 ton
Luis Doreste Blanco  Spain (ESP) 1984-1992 2 0 0 2 470/Flying Dutchman
Malcolm Page  Australia (AUS) 2008–2012 2 0 0 2 470
Martine Grael  Brazil (BRA) 2016–2020 2 0 0 2 49er FX
Nicolas Hénard  France (FRA) 1988-1992 2 0 0 2 Tornado
Poul Richard Høj Jensen  Denmark (DEN) 1976-1980 2 0 0 2 Soling
Roman Hagara  Austria (AUT) 2000-2004 2 0 0 2 Tornado
Sarah Ayton  Great Britain (GBR) 2004–2008 2 0 0 2 Yngling
Sarah Webb  Great Britain (GBR) 2004–2008 2 0 0 2 Yngling
Shirley Robertson  Great Britain (GBR) 1992–2004 2 0 0 2 Europe/Yngling
Sigve Lie  Norway (NOR) 1948–1952 2 0 0 2 Dragon
Theresa Zabell  Spain (ESP) 1992–1996 2 0 0 2 470
Thor Thorvaldsen  Norway (NOR) 1948–1952 2 0 0 2 Dragon
William Exshaw  Mixed team (ZZX)
 Great Britain (GBR)		 1900 2 0 0 2 2 to 3 ton
Valdemar Bandolowski  Denmark (DEN) 1976–1980 2 0 0 2 Soling
Matthew Wearn  Australia (AUS) 2020–2024 2 0 0 2 ILCA 7 (Laser)
Ruggero Tita  Italy (ITA) 2020–2024 2 0 0 2 Nacra 17
Caterina Banti  Italy (ITA) 2020–2024 2 0 0 2 Nacra 17

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "70 years ago this week: The story of singlehanded sailing at the London 1948 Olympics". Yachtsandyachting.com. Retrieved 2020-02-27.
  2. ^ "2012 London Olympic Sailing Competition". sailing.org. Archived from the original on 2013-05-06.
  3. ^ a b It is unclear in what classes the races were scheduled.
  4. ^ a b In 1900 two races were held in the ½-ton, 1-2 Ton and 2-3 Ton classes. After each race, trophies were handed out, in addition to the ultimate winners receiving their Olympic medals.
  5. ^ a b c d Sailing was not included in the 1904 Olympic program.
  6. ^ a b It is not known in what classes the races were scheduled.
  7. ^ a b Program Tokio announced.
  8. ^ a b No program created.
  9. ^ This is the first time all Olympic events took place in one periode.
  10. ^ "Sailing - Olympic Schedule & Results | Tokyo 2020".
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