Schulz is a common German and Jewish-Ashkenazi family name from Germany, particularly Northern Germany. The word Schulz originates from the local official title of Schultheiß or Schulze, meaning head of town/village (akin to today's office of mayor) or judge. The final "e" of Schulze was often dropped as early as the 15th century.[1]
In East Central Germany and Silesia, the "u" was often replaced by "o"; see also Scholz and Scholtz.