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Sha Tin

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 17 min
This article is about the area of Hong Kong. For the district, see Sha Tin District. For Sha Tin as a new town project, see Sha Tin New Town. For the composer, see Judith Shatin. For the village in Armenia, see Shatin, Armenia.

Sha Tin
沙田
Neighbourhood
Shing Mun River Promenade
Shing Mun River Promenade
Sha Tin is located in Hong Kong
Sha Tin
Sha Tin
Location within Hong Kong
Coordinates: 22°22′30″N 114°11′00″E / 22.37500°N 114.18333°E / 22.37500; 114.18333
CountryChina
SARHong Kong
DistrictSha Tin District
Time zoneUTC+8 (HKT)
Sha Tin
Lek Yuen Bridge over
Shing Mun River in Sha Tin central
Chinese沙田
JyutpingSaa1 Tin4
Literal meaningsandy field
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinShātián
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationSā Tìhn
JyutpingSaa1 Tin4
IPA[sa˥.tʰin˩]

Sha Tin, also spelt Shatin, is a neighbourhood along Shing Mun River in the eastern New Territories, Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the Sha Tin District. Sha Tin is one of the neighbourhoods of the Sha Tin New Town project.

The new town was founded in 1973 under the New Towns Development Programme of the Hong Kong government. Its current name was named after the nearby village of Sha Tin Wai. The literal English translation is 'Sand Fields'.

History

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Tai Wai Village, located in Tai Wai, next to Sha Tin, and the oldest and largest walled village in Sha Tin District, was built in 1574, during the Ming Dynasty.[1]

Before British rule in Hong Kong, the area of Sha Tin and its vicinity was referred to as Lek Yuen (lit. "source of trickling" or "source of clear water"). In 1899, when colonial surveyors George P Tate and his assistant William John Newland were dispatched to survey the New Territories, they likely mistook the name of the Sha Tin Wai village as the name of the area and hence "Sha Tin" has been used ever since.[2][3] Nowadays, the original name is used to refer to Lek Yuen Estate.

Sha Tin was the location of the first flight of a powered aircraft in Hong Kong in 1911. The aeroplane, a Farman Mk II bi-plane named “Wanda”, was flew by Belgian pilot Charles Van den Born.[4][5] The plane was later named as the Spirit of Sha Tin (沙田精神號). A full size replica of this plane now hangs in Hong Kong International Airport.

The area was formerly agricultural farmland. Before Sha Tin's development into a new town, Hung Mui Kuk (紅梅谷), southwest of Sha Tin, was perennially the main site for school picnics. The hillside area remains a popular barbecue site.

In 1956, a market township: Sha Tin Hui, was established on top of unused agricultural fields at the present location of Sha Tin Centre Street and New Town Plaza shopping centre, next to the Sha Tin station of the MTR East Rail line. The township was founded by Den Lau (劉贊瑞), the son of businessman Lau Hey Shing (劉希成) who owned the 150,000 sq ft. plot of land. Sha Tin Hui contained five streets with shops, restaurants, and residential buildings. Modern facilities such as a post office and a cinema were also put in place.[6] In 1962 Sha Tin Hui was severely damaged by typhoon Wanda, and subsequently had to be rebuilt. In 1979 Sha Tin Hui was demolished as a result of the government's expansion plans. The land was leased to Sun Hung Kai properties, who then developed the area into New Town Plaza shopping centre.[2]

Starting in the 1970s, the area became part of the Sha Tin New Town development. Since then, the economy in the area has greatly improved and living standards have also increased. Sha Tin Town Centre was developed during the mid-1980s to help "link the town's currently dispersed residents into one cohesive community."[7] The 18-hectare site, adjacent to the railway station, was built up in stages to house an array of uses including the New Town Plaza, numerous smaller shopping malls, Sha Tin Park, a magistracy, library, town hall, marriage registry, hotel, town square, and several residential towers.

Geography

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Sha Tin New Town under development in the late 1970s.

Sha Tin is located in a valley, on both sides of the Shing Mun River, running from the southwest to the northeast. It is bordered by Tai Wai in the southwest and by Fo Tan (left bank) and Shek Mun (right bank) in the northeast.

Cross-border activities

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Due to their proximity to the Shenzhen border, towns in the northern parts of Hong Kong, notably Sheung Shui and Yuen Long, have become hubs for parallel traders who have been buying up large quantities of goods, forcing up local prices and disrupting the daily lives of local citizens.[8][9] Since 2012, there has been an increase in mainland parallel traders arriving in the North District of Hong Kong to re-export infant formula and household products – goods popular with mainlanders – across the border to Shenzhen.[10] The volume of smuggling activity spilled over into Tuen Mun and Sha Tin in 2014.

The first anti-parallel trading protest was started at Sheung Shui in September 2012.[11] As government efforts to limit the adverse impact of mainland trafficking were widely seen as inadequate, so there have been further subsequent protests in towns in the New Territories including Sha Tin.[12][13]

Housing

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Sand Martin House of Sha Kok Estate, a second phase public housing complex in Sha Tin Wai.
Sha Tin Plaza in the evening.

Public housing estates

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Main article: Public housing estates in Sha Tin

Private housing estates

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See also: Private housing estates in Sha Tin District

Private housing estates in Sha Tin include:

Villages

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South bank of Shing Mun River. From west to east:

North bank of Shing Mun River. From west to east:

Shopping centres

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New Town Plaza after renovation.

Economy

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Lukfook, the jewellery company, has its head office in Metropole Square (新都廣場), Sha Tin.[15]

Architecture

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While having been mass developed in the 1970s, Shatin's architecture maintains a degree of diversity. Most public housing estates were designed in a modern architectural style. Several shopping centres, hotels and government buildings around Shatin Central are clad in red brick.

Notable places of worship

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Shatin Assembly of God Church

Health

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Prince of Wales Hospital

The Prince of Wales Hospital was officially opened in 1982. It provides about 1,400 hospital beds and 24 hours Accident & Emergency service to the eastern New Territories. Other institutions which provide hospital services include the Sha Tin Hospital, the Cheshire Home and the Union Hospital.

Other facilities

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Sha Tin Park's main plaza.

Education

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Baptist Lui Ming Choi Secondary School, one of the oldest secondary schools in Sha Tin
Sha Tin College, a member of the English Schools Foundation.

As of 2008, there were 46 primary and 44 secondary schools in Sha Tin and Ma On Shan.[18]

Shatin Town Centre is in Primary One Admission (POA) School Net 91. Within the school net are multiple aided schools (operated independently but funded with government money); no government schools are in this net.[19]

Tertiary institutions
Primary and secondary schools
Other educational institutions

Culture, sports and recreational facilities

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Sha Tin racecourse.
Hong Kong Heritage Museum.

There are numerous cultural, recreational and sport facilities in Sha Tin including the Town Hall, swimming pools, football pitches, indoor recreation centres and various track and field facilities for the use of Sha Tin residents.

The 8-hectare Sha Tin Park was opened to public in 1988. Apart from its horticultural gardens and impressive water features, it also includes a large open plaza and a bandstand. The Ma On Shan Park, which is adjacent to Ma On Shan Swimming Pool, occupies 5.5 hectare of land.

The Sha Tin Racecourse, occupying approximately 70 hectares, rests on reclaimed flatland. At the centre of the racecourse is the Penfold Garden which opens to the public on non-racing days.

Located in Tai Wai, the Hong Kong Heritage Museum was opened at the end of 2000. Apart from introducing the art, culture and history of the New Territories, the museum also exhibits a variety of cultural artifacts for public appreciation. It has pop culture exhibitions about Bruce Lee, Cantonese Opera, Jin Yong, development of Hong Kong popular music, film, and television and radio programmes. The museum, which can accommodate 6,000 visitors, is the largest in the territory.

Cycling has been a distinctive feature in Sha Tin and is very popular among both local people and visitors. The first cycle track in Sha Tin was opened to public in 1981, running along Tolo Highway to Tai Po, and this remains the territory's most popular cycling venue, drawing many occasional riders at the weekends, as well as dedicated cyclists. To tie in with the development of Ma On Shan, the cycle track was extended to Ma On Shan.

Hiking is also a popular activity around Sha Tin. There are several starting points including Hin Tin Village, Sha Tin Tau Village and Hung Mui Kuk Barbecue Area leading to the track of Lion Rock Mountain hiking route. It takes 1 hour to 4 hours to complete the track depending on the chosen starting point and ending point.

A Dragon Boat Racing competition is taking annually on Shing Mun River since 1984, at the time of the Dragon Boat Festival.[20]

Local delicacies

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Sha Tin is famous for certain local variants of Cantonese food such as ShanSui Tofu (山水豆腐; 'mountain-water beancurd'), barbecued pigeon and chicken congee. The cooked food stalls in Wo Che Estate and Fo Tan are hotspots for food.

Transportation

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Roads leading to the Shui Chuen O outskirts.
Sha Tin station

There are numerous transportation links both within the Sha Tin District and connecting it to other places in Hong Kong.

Roads

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The road network in Sha Tin is well developed to provide efficient cross-town and local access traffic. Connection between Sha Tin and Kowloon mainly relies on the Lion Rock Tunnel, Tate's Cairn Tunnel, Shing Mun Tunnel and Tai Po Road which makes it easy to reach from many areas of Kowloon as well as from Tsuen Wan.

At present, there are over 110 routes of public bus serving Sha Tin.[21]

Railway

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  • The MTR (East Rail line) is a major means of transportation between Admiralty and Lo Wu via Sha Tin. After the electrification of the line between 1979 and 1983, the East Rail now carries over 730,000 passengers daily.
  • The Tuen Ma line opened on 21 December 2004. The 56.4 km long railway has 27 stations linking West Rail line at Hung Hom via Kai Tak. The MTR Maintenance Centre is located in Tai Wai.
Shatin's cityscape viewed from northern Fo Tan
A panorama of Sha Tin City taken from Sha Tin Lion Pavilion

Climate

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Climate data for Sha Tin (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 27.6
(81.7) 		28.6
(83.5) 		31.8
(89.2) 		33.0
(91.4) 		36.6
(97.9) 		36.4
(97.5) 		37.5
(99.5) 		38.1
(100.6) 		36.5
(97.7) 		35.1
(95.2) 		31.8
(89.2) 		28.9
(84.0) 		38.1
(100.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.2
(66.6) 		19.9
(67.8) 		22.1
(71.8) 		25.8
(78.4) 		29.1
(84.4) 		30.8
(87.4) 		31.9
(89.4) 		31.9
(89.4) 		31.0
(87.8) 		28.5
(83.3) 		25.0
(77.0) 		20.9
(69.6) 		26.3
(79.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 15.7
(60.3) 		16.6
(61.9) 		19.1
(66.4) 		22.7
(72.9) 		26.1
(79.0) 		28.0
(82.4) 		28.8
(83.8) 		28.6
(83.5) 		27.7
(81.9) 		25.2
(77.4) 		21.6
(70.9) 		17.4
(63.3) 		23.1
(73.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 12.8
(55.0) 		14.0
(57.2) 		16.6
(61.9) 		20.3
(68.5) 		23.8
(74.8) 		25.8
(78.4) 		26.3
(79.3) 		26.0
(78.8) 		25.1
(77.2) 		22.6
(72.7) 		18.7
(65.7) 		14.3
(57.7) 		20.5
(68.9)
Record low °C (°F) 2.9
(37.2) 		4.0
(39.2) 		4.4
(39.9) 		10.2
(50.4) 		15.3
(59.5) 		19.9
(67.8) 		21.3
(70.3) 		22.1
(71.8) 		18.4
(65.1) 		14.4
(57.9) 		6.3
(43.3) 		4.8
(40.6) 		2.9
(37.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 35.0
(1.38) 		35.1
(1.38) 		67.1
(2.64) 		145.0
(5.71) 		324.3
(12.77) 		536.6
(21.13) 		419.9
(16.53) 		431.1
(16.97) 		291.5
(11.48) 		110.3
(4.34) 		40.6
(1.60) 		33.9
(1.33) 		2,470.4
(97.26)
Average relative humidity (%) 73.1 77.3 80.1 81.0 81.4 81.9 80.2 80.4 77.1 71.8 71.4 68.7 77.0
Source: Hong Kong Observatory[22]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Hase, P.H. (2020). "Chapter 3. Traditional Sha Tin". Settlement, Life, and Politics - Understanding the Traditional New Territories. Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong studies series. City University Of Hong Kong Press. pp. 242–244. ISBN 9789629374419.
  2. ^ a b 梁, 炳華. "沙田歷史 | 港文化18區". 文化葫蘆 (in Chinese).
  3. ^ "Map of Hong Kong and New Territory - Showing Boundaries According to C.S.O." (Map). Hong Kong Historic Maps - Reference 1901.1. Hong Kong. 1901.
  4. ^ "Shatin – first powered flight in Hong Kong 1911". The Industrial History of Hong Kong Group. 17 July 2014.
  5. ^ "The Aviation Meeting - Flight At Shatin". Hong Kong Daily Press. p. 2.
  6. ^ "繁榮的沙田墟市". 馬鞍山民康促進會 (in Chinese).
  7. ^ "Shatin showplace taking shape" (PDF). Hong Kong Standard. 21 February 1983. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  8. ^ "近百名人到上水示威不滿內地水貨客" Archived 5 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine. now.com. 15 September 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  9. ^ Ma, Mary (10 February 2015). "Parallel lines of concern need fixing"[permanent dead link‍]. The Standard
  10. ^ Jennifer, Ngo "Milk powder supplies still not meeting needs" Archived 17 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine. South China Morning Post. 24 January 2014. Retrieved 29 October 2014
  11. ^ Luk, Eddie (21 September 2012). "Seeing red (white and blue)" Archived 2015-03-11 at archive.today. The Standard
  12. ^ Wong, Hilary; Cheng, Kevin (9 March 2015). "Targeting mainlanders ... young and old" Archived 2015-04-02 at the Wayback Machine. The Standard
  13. ^ "Hong Kong Protests Against Day Trippers as China Eyes Action". Bloomberg L.P. Archived from the original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  14. ^ a b c "thaiworldview: Sha Tin". Archived from the original on 25 March 2012. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  15. ^ "Corporate Information". Lukfook. Retrieved 28 November 2023. HEAD OFFICE AND PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS 15th, 20th, 25th & 27th Floor Metropole Square No.2 On Yiu Street, Shatin New Territories, Hong Kong - Traditional Chinese address: "香港新界沙田安耀街2號新都廣場15、20、25及27樓", Simplified Chinese address: "香港新界沙田安耀街2号新都广场15、20、25及27楼"
  16. ^ "Sai Lim Temple". Archived from the original on 13 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  17. ^ "International Fellowship North website". Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  18. ^ "School List". Hong Kong Education Bureau. 2008. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012.
  19. ^ "POA School Net 91" (PDF). Education Bureau. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  20. ^ "About Sha Tin Dragon Boat Racing Competition". Sha Tin Sports Association.
  21. ^ "District Highlights". Sha Tin District Council. 1 January 2024.
  22. ^ "Monthly Data for Single Element". Hong Kong Observatory. Retrieved 5 April 2024.

Further reading

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[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sha Tin.
Look up Sha Tin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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