Åström was born on 30 December 1915 in Uppsala, Sweden, the son of John Åström, a lawyer, and his wife Brita Kugelberg.[2] His father died shortly before the Kreuger Crash in 1930.
Following his studies, Åström was employed as an attaché at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Stockholm. From 1940 to 1943 he served at the Swedish mission to the Soviet Union, first in Moscow and then in Kuybyshev. In 1946 he became secretary of legation at the Swedish embassy in Washington, D.C. He returned to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in 1948 and became its head of division in 1949. From 1953 to 1956 he served as councillor (Swedish: beskickningsråd) at the Swedish embassy in London, and from 1956 to 1963 he was head of the political division and a foreign affairs councillor (Swedish: utrikesråd) at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.
Although Åström was a close friend of Olof Palme, the former Prime Minister of the Social Democratic Party, Åström was never member of, or attached to, a political party.
Åström's autobiography, Ögonblick: från ett halvsekel i UD-tjänst ("Moments: From Half a Century in the Duty of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs"), was published in 1992.
In 2003, at the age of 87, Åström came out as a homosexual. In an interview he has explained that his role as a diplomat made it impossible to declare himself as homosexual in public, but that his superiors and others were informed to eliminate the possibility of him being blackmailed by foreign agents.[4]
In 2004 he received the "Gay person of the Year"-award from the Swedish gay-oriented magazine QX. In 2006 he was one of the co-hosts of the Swedish TV-series Böglobbyn ("The Gay Lobby") on Sveriges Television. However he decided to leave the series after just two episodes had been broadcast.
In 2011 Åström was awarded the congress prize from the Green Party recognizing his contributions to the global environment through the UN Environment Conference in Stockholm 1972.[5]
Åström, Sverker (2003). Ögonblick: från ett halvsekel i UD-tjänst [Moment: from half a century in Foreign Ministry service] (in Swedish) (New ed.). Stockholm: Lind & Co. ISBN9189538722. SELIBR9079872.
Åström, Sverker (1992). Ögonblick: från ett halvsekel i UD-tjänst [Moment: from half a century in Foreign Ministry service] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Bonnier Alba. ISBN9134511792. SELIBR7247284.
Åström, Sverker (1987). Sweden's policy of neutrality (3rd ed.). Stockholm: Swedish Institute (Svenska institutet) (SI. ISBN9152002063. SELIBR7409119.
Åström, Sverker (1985). La politique de neutralité de la Suède [Sweden's policy of neutrality] (in French). Stockholm: Inst. suédois [Sv. inst.] ISBN9152001679. SELIBR7409085.
Åström, Sverker (1984). La politica de neutralidad de Suecia [Sweden's policy of neutrality] (in Spanish). Stockholm: Istituto Sueco [Sv. inst.] ISBN91-520-0145-8. SELIBR7409065.
Åström, Sverker (1984). Schwedens Neutralitätspolitik [Sweden's policy of neutrality] (in German). Stockholm: Sv. inst. ISBN9152001466. SELIBR7409066.
Åström, Sverker (1983). Svensk neutralitetspolitik [Sweden's policy of neutrality] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Sv. inst. ISBN9152001261. SELIBR7409052.
Åström, Sverker (1983). Sweden's policy of neutrality (2nd ed.). Stockholm: Sv. inst. (SI. ISBN915200127X. SELIBR7409053.
Åström, Sverker (1977). Sweden's policy of neutrality. Stockholm: The Swedish inst. [Sv. inst.] ISBN9152000680. SELIBR7408995.
^ abHarnesk, Paul, ed. (1962). Vem är vem? [Who's Who?] (in Swedish). Vol. 1, Stor–Stockholm (2nd ed.). Stockholm: Vem är vem bokförlag. p. 1455. SELIBR53509.
^Hübinette, Tobias (2002). Den svenska nationalsocialismen : medlemmar och sympatisörer 1931-45 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Carlsson. p. 485. ISBN91-7203-472-6.