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Tennis in Russia

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 38 min

Tennis is one of the most popular sports in Russia. The main Russian National Tennis Centre [ru] (established in September 2009 in Moscow) is named after Juan Antonio Samaranch. For a long time, as it was not an Olympic sport, tennis held a marginal position in Soviet sports.

History

[edit]

Introduction of tennis to Russia

[edit]
Scotsman Arthur McPherson [ru] sitting in his chair, Russian Empire, c. 1910s

Arthur Davydovich McPherson or Macpherson (1870–1920) was the founder and president of the first All-Russian Union of Lawn Tennis Clubs, the forerunner of today's Russian Tennis Federation.[1] In 1903 he organized the first St. Petersburg tennis championship, and four years later he set up the first national tournament. By 1913, the Russian championship was on the international tour and the game was thriving. McPherson also helped establish the country's first Olympic Committee. He was awarded the Order of St. Stanislaus by the monarch for his contribution to the promotion of tennis in Russia. Following the 1917 Revolutions, two in a year – February and October – he was imprisoned and died from typhus in one of Moscow prisons.[2][3]

After his father's death in January 1920, Arthur Macpherson Jr. (1896–1976, Russian: Артур Артурович Макферсон) could reach his career-best quarterfinals at the 1920 Wimbledon Championships, his first GS event and also the first GS event for any Russia-related or ex-Russian tennis player.[4] While the generation of Russian, Russia-related and ex-Russian tennis pioneers, e. g. Lev Urusov (1877–1933), Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston (1893–1970) and his mixed doubles partner Nadezhda Martynova-Danilevskaya (1887–1969) were still alive and active, mostly in the immigration (including the ex-Russian Embassy from the Chatham House building, London), none of the other local sportspeople could think about being welcomed by the international sports community.[1][5]

Russian Imperial Championships (1907—1914)[6]
Year Men's Singles Women's Singles Men's Doubles Women's Doubles Mixed Doubles
1907 present-day  Saint Petersburg
{dependency: then  Russia (Russia Empire's capital and Saint Petersburg Governorate) → now  Russia (Federation's subject and Northwestern Federal District)}
George Walter Bray [ru]
(returned to  Britain after 1918)		 — — — —
1908 Lev Urusov
(immigrated to  France after 1918)		 — George Walter Bray
/
Walter George Bray [ru]
(returned to  Britain after 1918)		 — —
1909 George Walter Bray (2) Ekaterina Polonskaya (Girshfeld)
(immigrated to  France after 1918)		 George Walter Bray
/
Walter George Bray (2)		 — —
1910 Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston
(immigrated to  France after 1918)		 present-day  Moscow
{dependency: then  Russia (Russia Empire's Moscow Governorate) → now  Russia (Federation's subject and Central Federal District)}
Nadezhda Martynova-Danilevskaya
(immigrated to  United States after 1918)		 { George Walter Bray
/
Walter George Bray (3)		 — —
1911 Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston (2) Nadezhda Martynova-Danilevskaya (2) George Walter Bray
/
Walter George Bray (4)		 — —
1912 Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston (3) Nadezhda Martynova-Danilevskaya (3) Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston /
? Aleksandr Alenitsyn
(couldn't immigrate after 1918 and committed suicide in a Russian prison in 1922)		 — Ekaterina Polonskaya (Girshfeld)
/
Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston
1913 Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston (4) present-day  Estonia
{dependency: then  Russia (Russia Empire's Governorate of Estland's Ida-Viru County) → now  European Union}
Liudmila Iznar
(immigrated to  France,  Britain and  United States after 1918)		 — — Liudmila Iznar
/
Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston
1914 Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston (5) present-day  United States
Elizabeth Ryan		 Arthur A. McPherson [ru]
/
Robert A. McPherson [ru]
(both returned to  Britain in 1915 for the WWI participation)		 — —
SUMMARY: Singles Titles by Governorate

1. Saint Petersburg Governorate — 9;
2. Moscow Governorate — 3;
3. Governorate of Estland [unbanned (1904—1915) by the Russian authorities, Estonian historical flag: ] — 1.[7]

In the USSR

[edit]
See also: USSR Championships (tennis)
External videos
video icon The Match (1973 Soviet TV video fragment – 2 min), a humorous (especially in the context of the 1973 "Battle of the Sexes") choreographic miniature featuring the Bolshoi Ballet dancers, Vladimir Vasiliev and Ekaterina Maximova, choreographed by Tom Schilling in 1970 to the music of Siegfried Matthus.[8] (See also the Western stereotype of the male ballet dancer.)

Men's & women's singles: locals' clay-and-grass ATP / WTA Tour-level titles proportion (from Dec 1970 to Aug 1991)

  Grass court (12 titles out of 18: 8 men's titles out of 12 & 4 women's titles out of 5) (66.67%)
  Clay court (6 titles out of 18: 5 men's titles out of 12 & 1 women's title out of 5) (33.33%)

During the Soviet era, tennis was on the edge of survival due to its lack of appearance in the Olympic games, cost, and strong association with the Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (abbr. HGR) royal dynasty.[a] From 1974 to 1984, Soviet tennis players had been forced by the Tennis Federation of the USSR to boycott all the international competitions, except for the Davis Cup, in an unsuccessful attempt of the government to influence apartheid in South Africa.[10] In addition, local men's tennis players were seriously bullied by the other Soviet sportspeople for competing in a 'girlie' sport.[11][12][13] At a certain point, about 80 percent of tennis coaches in the USSR were women.[14]

In 1976, The New York Times reported that while tennis was popular in the USSR, there was a scarcity of equipment, and no tennis clubs.[15]

Men's singles player(s) who won at least one ATP Tour-level tournament on grass

[edit]

Men's singles player(s) who won at least one ATP Tour-level tournament on clay

[edit]
  • A. Chesnokov – 4 (Monte Carlo ATP-1000, Florence ATP-250, Nice ATP-250, Munich ATP-250)
  • D. Poliakov — 1 (Umag ATP-250)

Women's singles player(s) who won at least one WTA Tour-level tournament on grass

[edit]

Women's singles player(s) who won at least one WTA Tour-level tournament on clay

[edit]

Players successfully competing for the USSR and/or CIS

[edit]
Top inactive and/or retired players by the number of ATP / WTA Tour-level singles titles

Alex Metreveli's (b. 1944) — 9 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Aug 1974, South Orange Open)

  Hard court (1 title) (11.1%)
  Grass court (8 titles) (88.9%)

Olga Morozova's (b. 1949) — 8 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Jun 1976, Kent Championships)

  Hard court (1 title) (12.5%)
  Grass court (4 titles) (50%)
  Clay court (1 title) (12.5%)
  Carpet court (2 titles) (25%)

Andrei Chesnokov's (b. 1966) — 7 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Jul 1991, Canadian Open)

  Hard court (3 titles) (42.8%)
  Clay court (4 titles) (57.2%)

Leila Meskhi's (b. 1968) — 5 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one of four representing USSR: Feb 1991, WTA Wellington; one representing Georgia: Jan 1995, Hobart International)

  Hard court (4 titles) (80%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (20%)

Andrei Medvedev's (b. 1974) — 11 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one of three representing CIS: Aug 1992, ATP Bordeaux; last one of eight representing Ukraine: May 1997, German Open)

  Hard court (2 titles) (18.2%)
  Clay court (9 titles) (81.8%)

Natasha Zvereva's (b. 1971) — 4 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one of two representing USSR: Jan 1990, Sydney International; last one of two representing Belarus: Jun 1999, Eastbourne International)

  Hard court (2 titles) (50%)
  Grass court (1 title) (25%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (25%)

Natalia Medvedeva's (b. 1971) — 4 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (one representing USSR: Nov 1990, WTA Nashville; one representing CIS: Feb 1992, WTA Linz; last one of two representing Ukraine: Oct 1993, WTA Essen)

  Hard court (2 titles) (50%)
  Clay court (1 title) (25%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (25%)

Larisa Savchenko's (b. 1966) — 2 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (one representing USSR: Sep 1991, St. Petersburg Open; one representing Latvia: Aug 1993, Schenectady Open)

  Hard court (1 title) (50%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (50%)

Dimitri Poliakov's (b. 1968) — 1 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (one representing USSR: Aug 1991, Yugoslav Open)

  Clay court (1 title) (100%)

Post USSR

[edit]

Since the end of the Soviet era, tennis has grown in popularity and Russia has produced many famous tennis players. In recent years, the number of top Russian women players has been considerable, with both Maria Sharapova (of Belarusian origin, Belarusian: Марыя Юр’еўна Шарапава, romanized: Maryja Jur’jeŭna Šarapava) and Dinara Safina (of Tatar origin, [Динара Мөбин кызы Сафина] Error: {{Langx}}: transliteration text not Latin script (pos 9) (help)) reaching number one in the WTA rankings. Other Russian women to achieve international success include Anna Chakvetadze, Elena Dementieva, Svetlana Kuznetsova, Anastasia Myskina, Nadia Petrova, Vera Zvonareva and Anna Kournikova. The Russian Federation has won the Fed Cup 4 times, in 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2008.

At the Beijing 2008 Olympic Tennis Event, Russia swept the women's tennis podium with Elena Dementieva winning the gold, Dinara Safina and Vera Zvonareva the silver and bronze, respectively. As of 5 October 2009, four Russian women were ranked in the WTA tour's top 10.

Russia also boasts three former number 1 men's players–Safina's older brother Marat Safin (of Tatar origin, Tatar: Марат Мөбин улы Сафин, romanized: Marat Möbin ulı Safin), Yevgeny Kafelnikov and Daniil Medvedev. Russian men currently in the top 10 include Daniil Medvedev and Andrey Rublev, the former of whom was a finalist at the 2019 US Open, 2021 Australian Open, 2022 Australian Open. He won the 2021 US Open.[16] Medvedev had briefly reached the number 1 ranking in February 2022, before being overtaken by Novak Djokovic. He reclaimed his first spot again in June 2022.[17] Medvedev was the first player to reach number 1 without being a member of the 'Big Four'; Novak Djokovic, Roger Federer, Andy Murray, and Rafael Nadal, since February 2004.[18]

Nevertheless, a majority of their projected target audience expects every successful tennis player from Russia to obtain foreign citizenship sooner or later, even if only for the sake of a better travel visa.[19][20]

Championship winners

[edit]
Grand Slam champions and Olympic champions, and No.1 ATP / WTA tennis players (main events)
Grand Slam Events Other Accolades
Australian Open
(hard court)		 French Open
(clay court)		 Wimbledon
(grass court)		 US Open
(hard court)		 Olympic Tennis Event
(Medalists)		 No. 1s Year-End Finals
(hard court)		 Year-End No. 1s
Men's singles Y. Kafelnikov 1999
M. Safin 2005		 Yevgeny Kafelnikov 1996 – Marat Safin 2000
D. Medvedev 2021		 Andrei Cherkasov 1992 Barcelona (clay court) bronze Y. Kafelnikov 1999
M. Safin 2000
D. Medvedev 2022
Nikolay Davydenko 2009
Daniil Medvedev 2020		 –
Y. Kafelnikov 2000 Sydney (hard court) gold
Karen Khachanov 2020 Tokyo (hard court) silver
Women's singles M. Sharapova 2008 Anastasia Myskina 2004
S. Kuznetsova 2009
M. Sharapova 2012
M. Sharapova 2014		 Maria Sharapova 2004 Svetlana Kuznetsova 2004
M. Sharapova 2006		 Elena Dementieva 2000 Sydney (hard court) silver M. Sharapova 2005
D. Safina 2009		 M. Sharapova 2004 –
Vera Zvonareva 2008 Beijing (hard court) bronze
E. Dementieva 2008 Beijing (hard court) gold
Dinara Safina 2008 Beijing (hard court) silver
M. Sharapova 2012 London (grass court) silver

Inactive players

[edit]
Top inactive and/or retired players by the number of ATP / WTA Tour-level singles titles (with 6 and more titles minimum)

Maria Sharapova's 36 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Oct 2017, Tianjin Open), born 1987

  Hard court (20 titles) (55.6%)
  Grass court (3 titles) (8.3%)
  Clay court (11 titles) (30.6%)
  Carpet court (2 titles) (5.5%)

Rauza Islanova's children – Marat Safin's (last title: Jan 2005), born 1980, and Dinara Safina's (last title: Jul 2009), born 1986, – 27 ATP / WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface

  Hard court (15 titles: 10 Marat's and 5 Dinara's) (55.6%)
  Clay court (8 titles: 2 Marat's and 6 Dinara's) (29.6%)
  Carpet court (4 titles: 3 Marat's and 1 Dinara's) (14.8%)

Yevgeny Kafelnikov's 26 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Sep 2002, President's Cup), born 1974

  Hard court (9 titles) (35%)
  Grass court (3 titles) (11.5%)
  Clay court (3 titles) (11.5%)
  Carpet court (11 titles) (42%)

Nikolay Davydenko's 21 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: May 2011, Bavarian Championships), born 1981

  Hard court (8 titles) (38%)
  Clay court (10 titles) (48%)
  Carpet court (3 titles) (14%)

Svetlana Kuznetsova's 18 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Aug 2018, Washington Open), born 1985

  Hard court (14 titles) (77.8%)
  Grass court (1 titles) (5.6%)
  Clay court (3 titles) (16.6%)

Elena Dementieva's 16 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Feb 2010, Open GDF Suez), born 1981

  Hard court (13 titles) (81.25%)
  Clay court (2 titles) (12.5%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (6.25%)

Marat Safin's 15 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Jan 2005, Australian Open), born 1980

  Hard court (10 titles) (66.67%)
  Clay court (2 titles) (13.33%)
  Carpet court (3 titles) (20%)

Nadia Petrova's 13 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Nov 2012, Tournament of Champions), born 1982

  Hard court (7 titles) (54%)
  Grass court (1 title) (7.5%)
  Clay court (3 titles) (23%)
  Carpet court (2 titles) (15.5%)

Dinara Safina's 12 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Jul 2009, Slovenia Open), born 1986

  Hard court (5 title) (41.67%)
  Clay court (6 titles) (50%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (8.33%)

Anastasia Myskina's 10 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Sep 2005, Kolkata Open), born 1981

  Hard court (4 titles) (40%)
  Clay court (3 titles) (30%)
  Carpet court (3 titles) (30%)

Mikhail Youzhny's 10 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Oct 2013, Valencia Open), born 1982

  Hard court (6 titles) (60%)
  Clay court (3 titles) (30%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (10%)

Anna Chakvetadze's 8 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Jul 2010, Slovenia Open), born 1987

  Hard court (6 titles) (75%)
  Grass court (1 title) (12.5%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (12.5%)

Dmitry Tursunov's 7 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Jun 2011, Rosmalen Open), born 1982

  Hard court (5 titles) (71.5%)
  Grass court (2 titles) (28.5%)

Maria Kirilenko's 6 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface (last one: Feb 2013, Pattaya Open), born 1987

  Hard court (3 titles) (50%)
  Clay court (2 titles) (33.33%)
  Carpet court (1 title) (16.67%)

Men's singles players who won at least one ATP Tour-level tournament on grass

[edit]

Active players in bold. Last updated after the 2021 Mallorca Championships.

  1. Y. Kafelnikov – 3 (Halle ATP-250)
  2. D. Tursunov – 2 (Eastbourne ATP-250, 's-Hertogenbosch ATP-250)
  3. D. Medvedev – 1 (Mallorca ATP-250)

Men's singles players who won at least one ATP Tour-level tournament on clay

[edit]

Active players in bold. Last updated after the 2024 Mutua Madrid Open.

  1. N. Davydenko – 10 (Hamburg European Open ATP-500, 3 × Pörtschach ATP-250, 2 × Munich ATP-250, Umag ATP-250, Estoril ATP-250, Sopot ATP-250, Warsaw ATP-250)
  2. A. Rublev – 6 (Monte Carlo Masters ATP-1000, Madrid Open ATP-1000, Hamburg European Open ATP-500, Umag ATP-250, Belgrade ATP-250, Båstad ATP-250)
  3. Y. Kafelnikov – 3 (French Open GS-2000, Gstaad ATP-250, Prague ATP-250)
  4. M. Youzhny – 3 (Stuttgart Open ATP-250, Munich ATP-250, Gstaad ATP-250)
  5. M. Safin – 2 (Barcelona Open ATP-500, Mallorca ATP-250)
  6. I. Andreev – 2 (Valencia ATP-250, Palermo ATP-250)
  7. D. Medvedev – 1 (Italian Open ATP-1000)

Women's singles players who won at least one WTA Tour-level tournament on grass

[edit]

Active players in bold. Last updated after the 2024 Bad Homburg Open.

  1. M. Sharapova – 3 (Wimbledon Championships GS-2000 , 2 × Birmingham WTA-250)
  2. L. Samsonova – 2 (Berlin Open WTA-500, 's-Hertogenbosch WTA-250)
  3. E. Alexandrova – 2 ('s-Hertogenbosch WTA-250)
  4. S. Kuznetsova – 1 (Eastbourne International WTA-500)
  5. E. Makarova – 1 (Eastbourne International WTA-500)
  6. E. Vesnina – 1 (Eastbourne International WTA-500)
  7. D. Kasatkina – 1 (Eastbourne International WTA-500)
  8. D. Shnaider – 1 (Bad Homburg Open WTA-500)
  9. V. Zvonareva – 1 (Birmingham WTA-250)
  10. A. Chakvetadze – 1 ('s-Hertogenbosch WTA-250)
  11. N. Petrova – 1 ('s-Hertogenbosch WTA-250)

Women's singles players who won at least one WTA Tour-level tournament on clay

[edit]

Active players in bold. Last updated after the 2024 Iași Open.

  1. M. Sharapova – 11 (2 × French Open GS-2000, 3 × Italian Open WTA-1000, Madrid Open WTA-1000, 3 × Stuttgart Open WTA-500, Amelia Island Championships WTA-500, Strasbourg WTA-250)
  2. D. Safina – 6 (Berlin Open WTA-1000, Italian Open WTA-1000, Madrid Open WTA-1000, Warsaw WTA-250, Palermo WTA-250, Prague WTA-250)
  3. S. Kuznetsova – 3 (French Open GS-2000, Stuttgart WTA-500, Stockholm WTA-250)
  4. A. Myskina – 3 (French Open GS-2000, Palermo WTA-250, Sarasota WTA-250)
  5. N. Petrova – 3 (Charleston Open WTA-1000, Berlin Open WTA-1000, Amelia Island Championships WTA-500)
  6. A. Pavlyuchenkova – 3 (Estoril WTA-250, Rabat WTA-250, Strasbourg WTA-250)
  7. E. Dementieva – 2 (Amelia Island Championships WTA-500, Istanbul WTA-250)
  8. M. Kirilenko – 2 (Estoril WTA-250, Barcelona WTA-250)
  9. V. Zvonareva – 2 (Bol WTA-250, Prague WTA-250)
  10. D. Kasatkina – 1 (Charleston Open WTA-500)
  11. V. Kudermetova – 1 (Charleston Open WTA-500)
  12. E. Bovina – 1 (Warsaw WTA-250)
  13. A. Potapova – 1 (Istanbul WTA-250)
  14. M. Timofeeva – 1 (Budapest WTA-250)
  15. D. Shnaider – 1 (Budapest WTA-250)
  16. M. Andreeva – 1 (Iași WTA-250)

Grand Slam singles titles by surface (13 titles for players from the Russian Federation in 25 years: from 1996 to 2021; last updated after the 2021 US Open)

  Hard court (7 titles) (54%)
  Grass court (1 title) (8%)
  Clay court (5 titles) (38%)

Men's & women's singles: locals' clay-and-grass ATP / WTA Tour-level titles proportion (from Jul 1995 to Jun 2024)

  Grass court (21 titles out of 88: 6 men's titles out of 33 & 15 women's titles out of 55) (23.9%)
  Clay court (67 titles out of 88: 27 men's titles out of 33 & 40 women's titles out of 55) (76.1%)

Milestones

[edit]

[21][22][6][23][24][25]

XIX Century
  • 1875 (June 13 – May 31, old style; often mistakenly listed as June 12 (Russia Day), thus May 30 (old style), or vice versa): The first mention of tennis in Russian history is found in the diary of the Governor of Moscow, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia.
  • 1888: Foundation of the first tennis club in Russia, the Lakhtinsky Lawn Tennis Club, in the village of Lakhta near St. Petersburg (capital of the Russian Empire).
  • 1898: There are eight active lawn tennis clubs in Russia at this time. All of them are located in and around St. Petersburg, in places like Kolomiagi [ru], Ozerki, Pavlovsk, Pargolovo, Terijoki and Sestroretsk.
  • 1900: Foundation of the first tennis club in Moscow (Russian Empire): the Moscow Society of Lawn Tennis Amateurs on Petrovka.
XX Century
  • 1903: The first international tournament is held in Russia – The St. Petersburg Open. For the first time Russian tennis players, George Bray (Russian: Георгий Брей, romanized: Georgy Brei, of British origin) and Ambrosios Petrococino (Russian: Амвросий Петрококино, romanized: Amvrosy Petrokokino, of Greek origin), take part in competitions abroad, in Stockholm.
  • 1907: The first All-Russian lawn tennis competitions, the prototype of the Russian Tennis Championship, are contested.
  • 1908: Establishment of the All-Russian Union of Lawn Tennis Clubs, essentially the first Russian federation of tennis. There are a total of 48 member clubs in the union.
  • 1909: The All-Russian Union of Lawn Tennis Clubs joins the England's Lawn Tennis Association (LTA). The international lawn tennis organization doesn't exist at that time and this step allows Russian tennis players to participate in official international competitions.
  • 1912: Russian tennis players [Graf] Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston and Aleksandr Alenitsyn compete in the V Olympiad in London, England, British Empire.
  • 1913: The All-Russian Union of Lawn Tennis Clubs, together with the tennis unions of 11 countries, founded the International Lawn Tennis Union (now called the International Tennis Federation, or ITF). It is considered the first Russian organization to participate in the creation of an international sports federation.
  • 1914: The last All-Russian lawn tennis competitions, the prototype of the Russian Tennis Championship, are contested. A total of eight men's singles events (from 1907 to 1914) and five women's singles events were held (from 1909 to 1933). Men's singles champions: George Bray (1907, 1909), [Kniaz] Lev Urusov (1908), and [Graf] Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston (1910-1915). Women's singles champions: Ekaterina Polonskaya (1909), Nadezhda Martynova-Danilevskaya (1910-1912), Liudmila Iznar (1913), and Elizabeth Ryan (1914).
  • 1920: Arthur McPherson Jr. is celebrated as the first Russian tennis player to compete at the Wimbledon Championships.
  • 1926: The first Russian lawn tennis club in exile is created in Paris, France.
  • 1929:
    • The Russian Lawn Tennis Federation is created in Paris, France to unite Russian tennis players in exile.
    • The All-Union Tennis Section, essentially the USSR Tennis Federation, is created in Moscow (capital of the Soviet Union).
  • 1931: The Russian Lawn Tennis Federation (in Paris, France) becomes a member of the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF).
  • 1936-1937: The great French tennis player, Henri Cochet (1901—1987), visits the USSR to open his tennis school in Moscow, where his students include such famous Soviet players as Evgeni Korbut [ru] (1917—1991), Nikolai Ozerov (1922—1997), and Semyon P. Belits-Geiman [ru] (1921—2000; cousin of the famous Soviet swimmer Semyon V. Belits-Geiman).
  • 1940: The membership of the Russian Lawn Tennis Federation (in Paris, France) in the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) is stopped.
  • 1956: The Russian SFSR, as part of the USSR, renews its membership in the International Lawn Tennis Federation.
  • 1958: Anna Dmitrieva and Andrei Potanin are the first Soviet players to participate in the Junior Wimbledon Championships.
  • 1959: The USSR Tennis Federation is officially founded (in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union).
  • 1962: The USSR team makes its debut in the Davis Cup.
  • 1968: The USSR team makes its debut in the Federation Cup.
  • 1974: Chris Evert and Olga Morozova win the French Open – Women's doubles title by defeating Gail Chanfreau and Katja Ebbinghaus in the final – and Olga Morozova becomes the first Soviet/Russian tennis player to win a Grand Slam tournament (not in juniors).
  • 1976: The USSR team, captained by Shamil Tarpishchev at the time, refuses to play against the Chile team in the Davis Cup semifinals and is suspended by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) from participating in international competitions for two years.
  • 1977: The Russian SFSR, as part of the USSR, becomes a member of the European Tennis Association (Tennis Europe).
  • 1996: Yevgeny Kafelnikov becomes the first Russian tennis player to win a Slam in singles — French Open in both singles and doubles.
  • 1999: Yevgeny Kafelnikov becomes the first Russian tennis player to achieve No.1 in singles.
  • 2000: Yevgeny Kafelnikov becomes the first Russian tennis player to win an Olympic gold medal in tennis, in singles.
XXI Century
  • 2002: The Russian Tennis Federation (in Moscow, capital of the Russian Federation) is founded, officially re-invented, and renamed (from the All-Russian Tennis Association, previously renamed from the Tennis Federation of the RSFSR, and merged with the leftovers from the Tennis Federation of the USSR).
  • 2008: The General Assembly of the International Tennis Federation (ITF) is held in Moscow, Russian Federation, commemorating the centenary of the Russian Tennis Federation.
  • 2016:
  • 2021: There are only a small number of 7.2 thousand tennis courts in the Russian Federation, including 2.6 thousand indoor courts. In Moscow, there are 783 tennis courts, of which 261 are indoor courts.
  • 2022:

Active players

[edit]

Men's singles

[edit]

Last updated after the 2024 Almaty Open.

Top active players by the number of ATP Tour-level singles titles (with 3 and more titles minimum)

Active player Daniil Medvedev's 20 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (last one of thirteen representing Russia: Sep 2021, US Open; recent one as a neutral athlete: May 2023, Italian Open), born 1996 (in Moscow, now Central Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (18 titles) (90%)
  Grass court (1 title) (5%)
  Clay court (1 title) (5%)

Active player Andrey Rublev's 16 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (last one of ten representing Russia: Feb 2022, Open 13; recent one as a neutral athlete: May 2024, Madrid Open), born 1997 (in Moscow, now Central Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (10 titles) (62.5%)
  Clay court (6 titles) (37.5%)

Active player Karen Khachanov's 7 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (last one of four representing Russia: Nov 2018, Paris Masters; recent one as a neutral athlete: Oct 2024, Almaty Open), born 1996 (in Moscow, now Central Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (7 titles) (100%)

Active player Aslan Karatsev's 3 ATP Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (recent one &/or last one of three representing Russia: Jan 2022, Sydney International), born 1993 (in Vladikavkaz, now North Caucasian Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (3 titles) (100%)

Women's singles

[edit]

Last updated after the 2024 Hong Kong Open.

Top active players by the number of WTA Tour-level singles titles (with 3 and more titles minimum)

Active player Vera Zvonareva's 12 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (recent one &/or last one of twelve representing Russia: Jul 2011, Baku Cup), born 1984 (in Moscow, now Central Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (9 titles) (75%)
  Grass court (1 title) (8.3%)
  Clay court (2 titles) (16.7%)

Active player Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova's 12 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (recent one &/or last one of twelve representing Russia: May 2018, Internationaux de Strasbourg), born 1991 (in Samara, now Volga Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (9 titles) (75%)
  Clay court (3 titles) (25%)

Active player Daria Kasatkina's 8 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (last one of four representing Russia: Feb 2021, St. Petersburg Trophy; recent one as a neutral athlete: Oct 2024, Ningbo Open), born 1997 (in Tolyatti, now Volga Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (6 titles) (75%)
  Grass court (1 title) (12.5%)
  Clay court (1 title) (12.5%)

Active player Liudmila Samsonova's 5 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (one representing Russia: Feb 2021, German Open; recent one as a neutral athlete: Jun 2024, Rosmalen Open), born 1998 (in Olenegorsk, now Northwestern Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (3 titles) (60%)
  Grass court (2 titles) (40%)

Active player Diana Shnaider's 4 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (recent one as a neutral athlete: Nov 2024, Hong Kong Open), born 2004 (in Zhigulevsk, now Volga Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (2 titles) (50%)
  Grass court (1 title) (25%)
  Clay court (1 title) (25%)

Active player Ekaterina Alexandrova's 4 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (one representing Russia: Jan 2020, Shenzhen Open; recent one as a neutral athlete: Jun 2023, Rosmalen Open), born 1994 (in Chelyabinsk, now Ural Federal District, Russian Federation)

  Hard court (2 titles) (50%)
  Grass court (2 titles) (50%)

Active player Elena Vesnina's 3 WTA Tour-level singles titles by surface so far (recent one &/or last one of three representing Russia: Mar 2017, Indian Wells Open), born 1986 (in Lviv, now Ukraine)

  Hard court (2 titles) (66.67%)
  Grass court (1 title) (33.33%)

Performance table

[edit]

Last updated after the 2024 Games of the XXXIII Olympiad.

Legend
⛒ – completed Career Grand Slam in singles
– Junior Grand Slam singles champion
– Junior Grand Slam singles runner-up
Universiade (FISU) medalists in singles:
– gold
– silver
– bronze
– Russian Cup awardees in main nominations: Male / Female Player of the Year
‡ – deceased

Big title winners (GSs, YECs, 1000s, Olympics)

[edit]
All-time top Russia-related tennis players by the number of ATP / WTA (male/female) tour-level singles titles
(plus DBL – MX in parentheses, if applied, and career-high singles ranking); active players – in bold; former countries' players, former competitions, and former players by switching from the Russian Federation or through being associated with the Soviet or Russian tennis by means of country of birth (COB) and/or dual citizenship – in italics
# Name Sex Birth year GS YC ATP
Masters 		OG Other All titles
+ CHL
+ ITF 		DC
/
BJK 		AC
/
UC 		HC LC HOF ITHF BH Rank ZMS
FS
Year 		FD
Grand Slam singles champions
1 Maria Sharapova
[26][27]		 F 1987 5 1 14 S-2012
⛒
200520062012
 36
(39)
40
(43)		 2008 RTD 2020 – NA – – 2H 121 w

(41)

JNR

6

KDA

2004

SO
2 Yevgeny Kafelnikov
[28]
before the Russian Federation also represented the USSR and the CIS		 M 1974 2
(6)		 0 0
(7)		 G-2000 1994199519961997199819992001 26
(53)
27
(56)		 2002 RTD 2003
2010		 – – 2002 2019 2H 16 w

(4)

KDA

1996

3 Daniil Medvedev
[29]		 M 1996 1 1 6 QF
(1R–1R) 		201920212023 20
21
25
(29)		 2021 2021 – 2021 – – 2H 116 w

(170)

JNR

13

MOW

2019

CE
4 Svetlana Kuznetsova F 1985 2
(4)		 0 2
(6)		 QF
(QF)
2016		 18
(34)
19
(35)		 2004
2007
2008		 RTD 2021 – NA 2015 – 2H 2

(3)

JNR

1

SPE

2004

NW
5 Marat Safin M 1980 2 0 5 2R 2004 15
(17)
16
(19)		 2002
2006		 RTD 2009 – – 2010 2016 2H 19 w

(71)

JNR

345

MOW

2000

CE
6 Anastasia Myskina F 1981 1 0 2
(3)		 SF
(2R) 		2003 10
(15)
13
(21)		 2004
2005		 RTD 2007 – NA 2011 – 2H 2

(15)

JNR

48

MOW

2004

NA Elena Rybakina
prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation
[30]		 F 1999 1 0 2 SF 8
12
(16)		 – – – NA NA – 2H 3

(48)

JNR

3

NA NA
Year-End Championships winners with no Grand Slam singles title
7 Nikolay Davydenko M 1981 SF4 1 3 2R
(QF) 		2003200520062008 21
(23)
25
(27)
26
(28)		 2006 RTD 2014 – – 2012 – 2H 3

(31)

JNR

510

VGG

2007

SO
Champions of ATP-Masters/ WTA-1000 without GS and/or YEC singles title
8 Elena Dementieva F 1981 RU2 0
(1)		 3
(5)		 S-2000
G-2008
(1R) 		2001 16
(22)
19
(28)		 2005 RTD 2010 – NA 2011 – 2H 3

(5)

JNR

4

MOW

2000

CE
9 Andrey Rublev M 1997 QF10 0 2
(3)		 1R
(1R–G) 		16
(20–21)
17
(23–24)
21
(28–29)		 2021 2021 – 2021 – – 2H 5

(55)

JNR

1

MOW

2021

CE
10 Nadezhda "Nadia" Petrova

[31]

F 1982 SF2 0
(2)		 3
(12)		 3R
(B)
2012		 13
(37)
17
(41)		 2007 RTD 2013 2007 NA 2013 – 2H 3

(3)

JNR

3

MOW

2008

CE
11 Vera Zvonareva F 1984 RU2
(3–5)		 0
(1)		 1
(5)		 B-2008
(QF) 		20102023 12
(28–30)
12
(30–32)
15
(34–37)		 2004
2008		 – – NA 2014 – 2H 2

(7)

JNR

3

MOW

2004

CE
12 Dinara Safina

[32]

F 1986 RU3
(1)		 0 5
(6)		 S-2008
(QF) 		12
(21)
15
(27)		 2005
2008		 RTD 2011
2014		 – NA – – 2H 126 w

(8)

JNR

9

MOW

2006

CE
NA Andrei Medvedev
before Ukraine, also represented the USSR & the CIS[33]		 M 1974 RU1 0 4 – 11 – RTD 2001 – – – – 2H 4

(185)

NA

2000 (UKR)

NA
13 Anna Chakvetadze F 1987 SF1 0 1 –
2007		 8
10
(11)		 2007
2008		 RTD 2013 – NA – – 2H 5

(53)

JNR

20

MOW

2008

CE
14 Andrei Chesnokov
before the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR, the CIS & the Unified Team		 M 1966 SF1 0 2 2R 7
10		 – RTD 1999 – – 2003 – 2H 9

(342)

MOW

1998

CE
15 Karen Khachanov M 1996 SF2 0 1
(2)		 S-2020
(1R) 		2018 6
(7)
8
(9)
14
(15)		 2021 – – – – – 2H 8

(64)

JNR

16

MOW

2021

CE
16 Elena Vesnina F 1986 SF1
(3–4)		 0
(1)		 1
(9)		 2R
(G–S) 		3
(21–22)
5
(29–30)		 2007
2008		 RTD 2021 – NA – – 2H 13

(1)

JNR

116

KDA

2008

SO

Other notable titles winners

[edit]
# Name Sex Birth year GS YC ATP
Masters 		OG Other All titles
+ CHL
+ ITF 		DC
/
BJK 		AC
/
UC 		HC LC HOF ITHF BH Rank ZMS
FS
Year 		FD
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
17 Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova F 1991 RU1 0 0
(2)		 QF
( –G)
2021		 12
(18–19)
17
(31–32)		 2021 NA – NA – – 2H 11
(21)
JNR
1		 MOS
2021		 CE
NA Anna Smashnova
before switching to Israel, also represented the USSR in juniors
[34]		 F 1976 4R2 0 0 1R 12
19		 – RTD 2007 – NA NA – 1H 15
(275)		 NA NA
18 Mikhail Youzhny M 1982 SF2 0 0 QF
(2R)
2010		 10
(19)
15
(25)
19
(30)		 2002
2006		 RTD 2018 – – 2012 – 1H 8
(38)
JNR
20		 MOW
2003		 CE
NA Alexander "Alex" Iraklievich Metreveli
represented the USSR		 M 1944 RU1 0 0 – 9
(10)		 – RTD 1979 NA NA 2002 – 1H 9
(80)		 NA
1966
(URS)		 NA
NA Olga Vasilievna Morozova
represented the USSR		 F 1949 RU2
(1)		 0 NA –
8
(24)
33
(75)		 – RTD 1977
1989		 NA NA 2006 – 1H 7
(–)		 NA
1971
(URS)		 NA
19 Dmitry Tursunov[35] M 1982 4R1 0 0 1R
(2R) 		7
(14)
19
(31)
24
(37)		 2006 RTD 2017 2007 – 2014 – 2H 20
(36)
JNR
246		 MOW
2007		 CE
20 Daria Kasatkina F 1997 SF1 0 0 QF
(QF) 		7
(8)
14
(15)		 2021 NA – NA – – 2H 8
(43)
JNR
3		 SAM
2022
[36]		 VO
21 Maria Kirilenko F 1987 QF3 0
(1)		 0
(3)		 SF
(B)
2012		 6
(18)
8
(20)		 – RTD 2014 – NA – – 2H 10
(5)
JNR
2		 MOS
2012		 CE
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
NA Leila Meskhi
before Georgia, also represented the USSR, the CIS & the Unified Team		 F 1968 QF1 0 0 2R
(B)
5
(10)
6
(13)		 – RTD 1995 – NA NA – 2H 12
(21)		 NA NA
22 Liudmila Samsonova
while apart from the Russian Federation, also represented Italy		 F 1998 4R2 0 0
(1)		 – 5
(6)
5
(6)
9
(12)		 2021 – – NA – – 2H 12
(40)
JNR
65		 – NW
NA Nikoloz Basilashvili
born in Georgia, also represented the Russian Federation in juniors[37]		 M 1992 4R1 0 0 3R 5
10
20
(22)		 – – – NA NA – 2H 16
(148)
JNR
59		 NA NA
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
NA Natalia "Natasha" Zvereva
before Belarus, also represented the USSR, the CIS & the Unified Team		 F 1971 RU1
(18–20)		 0
(3)		 0
(23)		 QF
(B) 		4
(84–86)
7
(90–92)		 – RTD 2002 – NA 2009 2010 2H 5
(1)		 NA
1991
(URS)		 NA
NA Natalia Medvedeva
before Ukraine, also represented the USSR & the CIS		 F 1971 3R4 0 0 –
(1R) 		4
(16)
4
(17)		 – RTD 1998 – NA – – 2H 23
(21)		 NA
2000
(UKR)		 NA
23 Ekaterina Alexandrova F 1994 4R1 0 0 2R 4
(5)
7
(8)
14
(15)		 2021 – – NA – – 2H 15
(58)
JNR
925		 CHE
2022
[36]		 UR
NA Alexander Bublik
prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation		 M 1997 4R1 0 0 1R
(1R) 		4
10
14
(17)		 – – – – NA – 2H 18
(47)
JNR
19		 NA NA
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
24 Elena Likhovtseva
prior switching to the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR, the CIS & Kazakhstan		 F 1975 SF1
(0–2)		 0 0
(4)		 1R
(2R) 		1996 3
(30–32)
5
(38–40)		 – RTD 2007 – NA 2010 – 2H 15
(3)		 MOW
2000		 CE
25 Ekaterina Makarova F 1988 SF2
(3–4)		 0
(1)		 0
(7)		 3R
(G) 		2012 3
(18–19)
6
(30–31)		 2008 RTD 2019 – – – – 2H/L 8
(1)
JNR
20		 MOW
2009		 CE
26 Elena Bovina F 1983 QF1
(0–1)		 0 0
(2)		 RTD 2018 3
(8–9)
11
(27–28)		 2005 RTD 2012 – NA – – 2H 14
(14)
JNR
87		 – CE
27 Aslan Karatsev M 1993 SF1 0 0 2R
(1R–S) 		3
(4)
6
(8)
16
(21)		 2021 2021 – – – – 2H 14
(87)
JNR
47		 RU-SE
2021		 NC
28 Igor Andreev M 1983 QF1 0 0 3R
(QF) 		2007 3
(4)
3
(7)
7
(11)		 2006
/
CPT
2021		 RTD 2013 – – 2013 – 2H 18
(59)
JNR
116		 MOW
2008		 CE
29 Alexander Volkov
before the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR & the CIS		 M 1967
‡		 SF1 0 0 1R
(1R) 		3
4
7
(11)		 – RTD 1998 – – 2005 – 2H/L 14
(136)		 KGD
1999		 NW
30 Diana Shnaider F 2004 2R2 0 0 2R
(S) 		3
5
(6)
10
(14)		 – – – NA – – 2H/L 20
(65)
JNR
2		 – VO
NA Yulia Putintseva
prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation		 F 1995 QF3 0 0 1R 3
3
9		 – – – NA NA – 2H 27
(158)
JNR
3		 NA NA
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
NA Larisa Savchenko-Neiland
before Ukraine → Latvia, also represented the USSR		 F 1966 QF2
(2–6)		 0 0
(10)		 QF
(QF) 		2
(67–71)
4
(72–76)		 – RTD 2010 – NA 2006 – 1H 13
(1)		 NA
1991
(URS)		 NA
31 Andrei Olhovskiy
before the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR & the CIS		 M 1966 4R2
(0–2)		 0 0 QF 2
(22–24)
2
(29–31)
2
(30–32)		 – RTD 1998
2005		 – – 2005 – 2H 49
(6)		 MOW
1997		 CE
32 Veronika Kudermetova F 1997 QF1 0
(1)		 0
(3)		 1R
(SF) 		2
(10)
3
(15)
7
(35)		 2021 – – NA – – 2H 9
(2)
JNR
22		 RU-TA
2022
[36]		 VO
33 Alisa Kleybanova F 1989 4R2 0 0
(1)		 – 2
(7)
16
(34)		 – RTD 2018 – NA – – 2H 20
(10)
JNR
3		 – CE
34 Margarita Betova F 1994 4R1 0 0 – 2
(6)
11
(23)		 – – – NA – – 1H 41
(25)
JNR
35		 – CE
34 Anastasia Potapova F 2001 4R1 0 0 – 2
(5)
3
(8)		 – – – NA – – 2H 21
(40)
JNR
1		 – VO
35 Andrei Cherkasov
before the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR, the CIS & the Unified Team		 M 1970 QF3 0 0 B-1992 2
6
(8)
7
(10)		 – RTD 2000 – – 2005 – 2H 13
(141)		 RU-BA
1992
&/or
1999
[38]		 VO

Other notable players: with only one ATP / WTA Tour-level title

[edit]
# Name Sex Birth year GS YC ATP
Masters 		OG Other All titles
+ CHL
+ ITF 		DC
/
BJK 		AC
/
UC 		HC LC HOF ITHF BH Rank ZMS
FS
Year 		FD
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
NA Max Mirnyi
before Belarus, also represented the CIS in juniors for the ITF		 M 1977 QF1
(6–10)		 0
(2)		 0
(16)		 QF
(QF–G) 		1
(53–58)
1
(60–65)
4
(66–71)		 – RTD 2018 – – – – 1H 18
(1)		 NA
2001
(BLR)		 NA
NA Yaroslava Shvedova
prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation (abbr. RF)		 F 1987 QF3
(2)		 0 0
(2)		 1R
( –1R) 		1
(14)
2
(16)
6
(23)		 – RTD 2021 – NA NA – 2H 25
(3)
JNR
13		 NA NA
37 Alla Kudryavtseva F 1987 4R1 0 0 – 1
(10)
3
(27)		 2008 RTD 2021 – NA – – 2H 56
(15)
JNR
16		 MOW
2008		 CE
NA Daria Saville
prior switching to Australia, also represented the Russian Federation		 F 1994 4R2 0 0 1R
(1R) 		1
(3)
5
(9)		 – – AUS
2016		 NA NA – 2H 20
(45)
JNR
1		 NA NA
38 Vera Dushevina F 1986 4R1 0 0 – 1
(2)
2
(8)		 2005 RTD 2017 – – – – 2H 31
(27)
JNR
1		 MOS
2006		 CE
39 Anna Blinkova F 1998 3R4 0 0 – 1
(2)
2
(4)
5
(17)		 2021 – – NA – – 2H 34
(45)
JNR
3		 – CE
40 Igor Kunitsyn M 1981 3R1 0 0 – 1
(2)
9
(14)
15
(21)		 – RTD 2013 – – – – 2H 35
(49)
JNR
61		 – FE
41 Mirra Andreeva F 2007 SF1 0 0 1R
(S–1R) 		1
1
7		 – – – NA – – 2H 23
(94)
JNR
1		 – SI
NA Andrey Golubev
prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation		 M 1987 2R4 0 0 –
(1R–1R) 		1
8
(23)
13
(32)		 – – – – NA – 1H 33
(24)
JNR
101		 NA NA
42 Ksenia Pervak
in-between competing for the Russian Federation, also represented Kazakhstan
[39]		 F 1991 4R1 0 0 – 1
10
(13)		 – RTD 2015 – NA – – 2H/L 37
(123)
JNR
5		 – UR
NA Mikhail Kukushkin
prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation		 M 1987 4R2 0 0 2R 1
15
16
(17)		 – – – – NA – 2H 39
(67)		 NA NA
43 Maria Timofeeva F 2003 4R1 0 0 – 1
1
6
(12)		 – – – NA – – 2H 93
(179)
JNR
33		 – CE
NA Dimitri Poliakov
before Ukraine, also represented the USSR & the CIS		 M 1968 2R3 0 0 – 1
5
(10)		 – RTD 1998 – NA NA – 2H 93
(119)		 – NA

Other notable players: Top-20 and team cups winners

[edit]
# Name Sex Birth year GS YC ATP
Masters 		OG Other All titles
+ CHL
+ ITF 		DC
/
BJK 		AC
/
UC 		HC LC HOF ITHF BH Rank ZMS
FS
Year 		FD
Top-10 singles rankings champions without ATP / WTA tour-level singles title
44 Anna Kournikova F 1981 SF1
(2)		 0
(2)		 0
(4)		 1R 19971998 0
(16)
2
(18)		 – RTD 2003 – NA 2015 – 2H 8
(1)
JNR
130		 MOW
1999		 CE
Top-20 singles rankings champions without ATP / WTA tour-level singles title
45 Anna Kalinskaya F 1998 QF1 0 0 – 0
(3)
1
(4)
8
(20)		 2021 – – NA – – 2H 16
(49)
JNR
3		 – CE
46 Tatiana Panova F 1976 3R8 0 0 – 0
6		 – RTD 2006 – NA – – 2H 20
(75)		 – CE
Champions of team cups and/or DBL–MX Grand Slams without ATP / WTA tour-level singles title
NA Anna Danilina
prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation (abbr. RF)		 F 1995 0
(0–1)		 0 0 – 0
(5–6)
0
(8–9)
1
(35–36)		 – – – NA NA – 2H 269
(10)
JNR
3		 NA NA
47 Eugenia Maniokova F 1968 2R2
(0–1)		 0 0 – 0
(4–5)
3
(27–28)		 – RTD 1996 – NA – – 2H 66
(18)		 MOW
2001		 CE
48 Evgeny Donskoy M 1990 3R2 0 0 3R 0
12
(15)
14
(19)		 2021 2021 – – – – 2H 65
(161)
JNR
20		 – CE
49 Andrei Stoliarov M 1977 3R1 0 0 – 0
1
(5)
3
(9)		 2002 RTD 2008 – – – – 2H 71
(151)		 KDA
2003		 SO
NA Shamil Anvyarovich Tarpischev
represented the USSR		 M 1948 0 0 0 – 0 CPT
2002
2006
2021
/
CPT
2004
2005
2007
2008		 RTD 1974 – – 2002
⇒
EXPLD 2022		 – 2H – MOW
1996
[38]		 NA

Other notable ranked players

[edit]
# Name Sex Birth year GS YC ATP
Masters 		OG Other All titles
+ CHL
+ ITF 		DC
/
BJK 		AC
/
UC 		HC LC HOF ITHF BH Rank ZMS
FS
Year 		FD
Other notable players in the Top-50
50 Lina Krasnoroutskaya F 1984 QF1 0 0 –
1999		 0
(1)
1
(2)		 – RTD 2005 – NA – – 2H 25
(22)
JNR
1		 – CE
NA Vladimir Voltchkov
before Belarus, also represented the USSR and CIS in juniors (not for the ITF)		 M 1978 SF1 0 0 2R
(2R) 		0
(1)
8
(14)
13
(25)		 – RTD 2008 – – – – 2H 25
(71)
JNR
7		 – NA
51 Alex Bogomolov Jr.
before switching to the Russian Federation, represented the United States[39]		 M 1983 3R2 0 0 2R 0
(1)
10
(16)
14
(22)		 – RTD 2014 – NA – – 2H 33
(100)
JNR
57		 – CE
52 Roman Safiullin M 1997 QF1 0 0 3R
(1R)
0
4
(5)
23
(27)		 – – – NA – – 2H 36
(239)
JNR
2		 – CE
NA Varvara Gracheva
prior switching to France, also represented the Russian Federation		 F 2000 4R1
(3R1)		 0 0 1R
(1R) 		0
0
7		 – – – – NA – 2H 39
(135)
JNR
19		 NA NA
53 Andrey Kuznetsov M 1991 4R1 0 0 – 0
8
(12)
15
(24)		 – RTD 2023 – NA – – 2H 39
(137)
JNR
3		 – CE
54 Elena Makarova F 1973 3R4 0 0 –
19941995		 0
(1)
6
(13)		 – RTD 1999 – NA – – 2H 43
(41)		 – CE
55 Teymuraz Gabashvili M 1985 4R2 0 0 – 0
(1)
10
(21)
15
(29)		 – RTD 2018
2020		 – NA – – 2H 43
(101)
JNR
33		 – CE
NA Alexander Shevchenko
prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation		 M 2000 2R2
(2R1)		 0 0 1R 0
4
7
(9)		 – – – – NA – 2H 45
(406)
JNR
339		 NA NA
56 Pavel Kotov M 1998 3R1
(1R1)		 0 0 1R 0
3
(4)
6
(7)		 – – – NA – – 2H 50
(226)
JNR
34		 – CE
Other notable players and Russian Tennis Hall of Fame [ru] inductees in the Top-100
NA Elina Avanesyan
prior switching to Armenia, also represented the Russian Federation		 F 2002 4R2
(3R1)		 0 0 – 0
0
5
(16)		 – – – – NA – 2H 58
(168)
JNR
32		 NA NA
57 Konstantin Kravchuk M 1985 2R1 0 0 – 0
3
(16)
12
(36)		 – RTD 2017
2020		 – NA – – 2H 78
(100)
JNR
45		 – CE
58 Elizaveta Kulichkova F 1996 3R1 0 0 – 0
0
(0)
7
(8)		 – RTD 2017 – – – – 2H 87
(312)
JNR
3		 – SI
59 Erika Andreeva F 2004 2R1 0 0 – 0
0
3
(5)		 – – – NA – – 2H 88
(274)
JNR
 – SI
60 Irina Khromacheva F 1995 1R4 0 0 – 0
(5)
1
(10)
19
(61)		 – – – NA – – 2H/L 89
(40)
JNR
1		 – CE
NA Teimuraz Iraklievich Kakulia
represented the USSR		 M 1947
‡		 4R1 NA NA NA 0
?
(?)		 – RTD 1978 NA NA 2008 – 1H 91 NA
1977
(URS)		 NA
NA Tatiana Ignatieva
before Belarus, represented the USSR and the CIS		 F 1974 2R1 NA NA NA 0
1		 – RTD 1997 NA NA – – 2H 91
(570)		 – NA
Other notable players and Russian Tennis Hall of Fame [ru] inductees in the Top-200
61 Sofya Zhuk F 1999 1R2 0 0 – 0
0
6		 – RTD 2019 – NA – – 2H 116
(–)
JNR
4		 – CE
62 Alina Korneeva F 2007 0 0 0 – 0
0
3
(4)		 – – – NA – – 2H 128
(261)
JNR
1		 – CE
63 Ivan Gakhov
[40]		 M 1996 0 0 0 – 0
2
(3)
16
(17)		 – – – NA – – 2H/L 142
(170)
JNR
616		 – CE
NA Anatoli Filippovich Volkov M 1948 2R2 0 0 – 0 – RTD
1981		 – – 2013 – ?H 163 MOW
2003
[38]		 NA
64 Ksenia Lykina F 1990 0 0 0 – 0
6
(21)		 – RTD 2018 – NA – – 2H 171
(108)
JNR
4		 – VO
NA Alexander Mikhailovich Zverev
represented the USSR		 M 1960 1R2 NA NA NA 0 – NA NA NA 2015 – 2H 175
(307)		 NA
1991
(URS)		 NA
NA Julia Apostoli
prior switching to Greece, also represented the USSR[41]		 F 1964 0 0 0 – 0
0
3
(4)		 – RTD 1991 – NA NA – 1H 194
(130)		 NA NA
Other notable players in the Top-300
65 Evgeny Kirillov M 1987 0 0 0 – 0
1
7		 – RTD 2012
2015		 – NA – – 2H 205
(195)
JNR
15		 – CE
NA Natela Dzalamidze
prior switching to Georgia, also represented the Russian Federation		 F 1993 0
(2R3)		 0 0 – 0
(3)
0
(6)
10
(45)		 – – – – NA – 2H 245
(43)
JNR
224		 NA NA
66 Gulnara Fattakhetdinova F 1982 0 0 0 – 0
2
(13)		 – RTD 2004 – NA – – ? 246
(102)
JNR
106		 – CE
NA Ģirts Dzelde
before Latvia, represented the USSR		 M 1963 2R2 0 0 – 0
0
(4)		 – RTD 2000 NA NA – – 2H 273
(108)		 – NA
NA Konstantin Pavlovich Pugaev
represented the USSR		 M 1955 2R1 NA NA NA 0 – NA NA NA – – ? 281
(237)		 NA
1991
(URS)		 NA
NA Artem Sitak
prior switching to New Zealand, also represented the Russian Federation		 M 1986 0 0 0 – 0
(5)
0
(15)
5
(35)		 – – – – NA – 2H 299
(32)
JNR
79		 NA NA
Other notable players in the Top-500
67 Alina Charaeva F 2002 0 0 0 – 0
0
4
(8)		 – – – NA – – 2H 317
(312)
JNR
12		 – CE
NA Sergey Nikolayevich Leonyuk
represented the USSR		 M 1960 0 NA NA NA 0
0
(1)		 – NA NA NA – – ? 327
(245)		 – NA
68 Yana Buchina F 1992 0 0 0 – 0
0
2
(3)		 – RTD 2014 – NA – – 2H 334
(569)
JNR
12		 – VO
69 Philipp Mukhometov M 1983 0 0 0 – 0
0
(1)
2
(7)		 – RTD 2018 – NA – – ? 355
(312)
JNR
38		 – CE
70 Irina Zvereva
if counting her 1993-1994 comeback attempt (because she was already based in Germany), represented the USSR, the CIS and the Russian Federation[42]		 F 1967 0 0 0 – 0
1
(2)		 – RTD 1994 – NA NA – 1H 380
(466)		 NA SO
Other notable players outside the Top-500
71 Sergei Demekhine
married Veronika Kudermetova[43]		 M 1984 0 0 0 – 0
0
1
(9)		 – – – NA – – 2H 637
(438)
JNR
95		 – CE
72 Yaroslav Demin M 2005 0 0 0 – 0
0
1		 – – – NA – – 2H 789
(1305)
JNR
1		 – CE

Other notable unranked players

[edit]
Before the Open Era (1968)
Name Sex Birth year GS All titles
+ CHL
+ ITF 		AC
/
UC 		HOF BH
[44] 		ZMS
Year
In chronological order
Lev Vladimirovich Urusov
represented the Russian Empire
(aka Leon Ouroussoff)		 M 1877
‡		 0 0
≈
1
≈
3
[5]		 NA 2008 1H/? NA
George Walter Bray
(aka Georgi Vasilievich Brei [ru]),
represented the Russian Empire before switching to the British Empire		 M 1880
‡		 0 0
≈
3
(6)
≈
32
[45]		 NA 2004 1H/? NA
Aleksandr Appolonovich Alenitsyn M 1884
‡		 0 0
≈
4
(5)
≈
120
[46]		 NA 2005 1H NA
Walter George Bray
(aka Vladimir Vasilievich Brei [ru]),
represented the Russian Empire before switching to the British Empire		 M 1886
‡		 0 0
≈
0
(4)
≈
0
(16)
[45]		 NA 2004 1H/? NA
Nadezhda Viktorovna Martynova-Danilevskaya
(aka Nadia Danilevsky)		 F 1887
‡		 0 0
≈
3
7
[47]		 NA 2014 1H/? NA
Liudmila Nikolaievna Iznar F 1892
‡		 0 0
≈
1
[48]		 NA – 1H/? NA
Mikhail Nikolaievich Sumarokov-Elston
(aka Michel de Soumarokoff-Elston)		 M 1893
‡		 0 0
≈
6
(10)
≈
39
[49]		 NA 2002 1H/L NA
Arthur Macpherson Jr.
(aka Artur Arturovich Makferson [ru], first son of Artur Davydovich Makferson [ru]), represented the Russian Empire before switching to the British Empire		 M 1896
‡		 QF1 ?
?
?		 NA – 1H/? NA
Robert Macpherson
(1897–1916, aka Robert Arturovich Makferson [ru], second son of Artur Davydovich Makferson [ru])		 M 1897
‡		 – ?
?
?		 NA – 1H/? NA
Other notable unranked players and Russian Tennis Hall of Fame [ru] inductees and/or USSR Championships winners
(in chronological order; all representing the USSR)[50]
Evgeni Stepanovich Ovanesov M 1893
‡		 0 0
≈
0
(0)		 NA – 1H NA
1936
(URS)
Sofia Vasilievna Maltseva F 1895
‡		 0 0
≈
2
(3)		 NA 2007 1H NA
1947
(URS)
Evgeni Arkadievich Kudryavtsev M 1898
‡		 0 0
≈
4
(12–17)		 NA 2004 1H/L NA
1934
(URS)
Viacheslav Konstantinovich Multino
real surname: Multinenko		 M 1899
‡		 0 0
≈
0
(2–4)		 NA 2010 1H NA
1946
(URS)
Nikolai Nikolaievich Ivanov M 1901
‡		 0 0
≈
0
(1)		 NA 2012 1H NA
1946
(URS)
Zinaida Georgievna Klochkova F 1903
‡		 0 0
≈
0
(4–9)		 NA 2007 1H NA
1947
(URS)
Nina Sergeevna Teplyakova F 1904
‡		 0 0
≈
7
(9)		 NA 2003 1H NA
1936
(URS)
Eduard Eduardovich Negrebetsky M 1908
‡		 0 0
≈
4
(13–18)		 NA 2006 1H NA
1948
(URS)
Galina Sergeevna Korovina F 1909
‡		 0 0
≈
0
(12–13)		 NA 2009 1H NA
1945
(URS)
Boris Ilyich Novikov M 1909
‡		 0 0
≈
5		 NA 2005 1H NA
1938
(URS)
Nadezhda Mitrofanovna Slavinskaya-Belonenko F 1911
‡		 0 0
≈
3
(4)		 NA – 1H NA
1950
(URS)
Olga Nikolaievna Kalmykova F 1913
‡		 0 0
≈
2
(3–4)		 NA – 1H NA
1948
(URS)
Elizaveta Mikhailovna Chuvirina
[51]		 F 1914
‡		 0 0
≈
4
(6–8)		 NA – 1H –
Tatiana Borisovna Nalimova F 1915
‡		 0 0
≈
0
(12–21)		 NA 2011 1H NA
1948
(URS)
Evgeni Vladimirovich Korbut M 1917
‡		 0 0
≈
0		 NA 2006 1H –
Semyon Pavlovich Belits-Geiman M 1921
‡		 0 0
≈
0
(2)		 NA 2008 1H –
Natalya Borisovna Vetoshnikova F 1921 0 0
≈
0
0		 NA 2013 1H –
Nikolai Nikolaievich Ozerov M 1922
‡		 0 0
≈
5
(18–24)		 NA 2003 1H NA
1947
(URS)
Sergei Sergeevich Andreev M 1923
‡		 0 0
?
(?)		 NA 2005 1H NA
1947
(URS)
Larisa Dmitrievna Preobrazhenskaya F 1929
‡		 – 0
1
(3–4)		 NA 2006 ?H –
Valeria Ivanovna Kuzmenko-Titova F 1934
‡		 2R1 0
?
(?)		 NA 2007 ?H NA
1991
(URS)
Irina Evgenievna Ermolova
 F 1938 1R1 0
4
(14)		 NA – ? –
Anna Vladimirovna Dmitrieva
 F 1940
‡		 4R3 0
12
(25)		 NA 2004 1H/L NA
1964
(URS)
Toomas Leius


Born in Nazi-occupied Estonia		 M 1941 QF1 0
?
(?)		 NA 2009 1H NA
1964
(URS)
Tiiu Parmas

Born in Nazi-occupied Estonia		 F 1943
‡		 3R1 0
?
(?)		 NA – ? –
Galina Petrovna Baksheeva
 F 1945
‡		 4R2 0
?
(?)		 NA – ? –
Marina Petrovna Chuvirina
[51]		 F 1947 2R1 0
≈
0
(2–3)		 NA – ? –
Rauza Mukhamedzhanovna Islanova
[52]		 F 1948 – 0
?
(?)		 NA 2009 ?H –
Vladimir Viktorovich Korotkov
 M 1948 3R1 0
?
(?)		 NA 2014 1H NA
1991
(URS)
Eugenia Anatolievna Isopaitis
 F 1950 1R2 0
?
(?)		 NA – ? –
Eugenia Iourievna Birioukova
 F 1952 3R1 0
?
(?)		 NA – ? –
Marina Vasilievna Kroschina

 F 1953
‡		 3R3 0
?
(?)		 NA 2011 1H NA
1986
(URS)
Yelena Grigoryevna Granaturova
 F 1953 1R1 0
3
(4)		 NA – ? –
Vadim Vadimovich Borisov
 M 1955 1R1 0
?
(?)		 NA 2008 2H NA
1985
(URS)
Natalia "Natasha" Yurievna Chmyreva

 F 1958
‡		 SF1 0
?
(?)		 NA – ? NA
1991
(URS)
Olga Vladimirovna Zaitseva
 F 1962 0 0
?
(?)		 NA ? –

Olympics medals proportion

[edit]
See also: Tennis at the Summer Olympics § Medal tables
RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Russia (RUS)3328
2 ROC (ROC)1203
3 Individual Neutral Athletes (AIN)0101
4 Unified Team (EUN)0022
5 Russian Empire (RU1)0000
 Soviet Union (URS)0000
Totals (6 entries)46414
Tennis events (1896–2024) and Russia-related Summer Olympics participations
In the context of Pierre de Coubertin's idea, participation is more important than winning ("L'important c'est de participer");
Olympic motto from Paris-1924 to Tokyo-2020: Citius, Altius, Fortius ("Faster, Higher, Stronger");
Olympic motto since Paris-2024: Citius, Altius, Fortius – Communiter ("Faster, Higher, Stronger – Together").[53][54]
I). 1896 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) ❌didn't compete; tennis included: men's singles [abbr. SGL] and men's doubles [abbr. DBL]
 
 3%
II). 1900–1912 – 4 events (incl. indoor/outdoor as one in 1908-1912): Russian Empire (RU1) ✔competed; tennis included: men's and women's SGL, men's DBL, mixed doubles [abbr. MX]
 
 12%
Olympic Games cancelled because of the World War I: 1916 – 1 event (Games of the VI Olympiad in Berlin, German Empire)
 
 3%
III). 1920 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) didn't exist, RSFSR (≈RU2) ❌didn't compete; tennis included: men's and women's SGL, men's and women's DBL, MX
 
 3%
IV). 1924 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) didn't exist, Soviet Union (±RU2 → URS) ❌didn't compete; tennis included: men's and women's SGL, men's and women's DBL, MX
 
 3%
V). 1928–1936 – 3 events: Russian Empire (RU1) didn't exist, Soviet Union (URS) ❌didn't compete; tennis excluded
 
 9%
Olympic Games cancelled because of the World War II: 1940–1944 – 2 events (Games of the XII Olympiad in Tokyo, Japanese Empire → Helsinki, Finland and Games of the XIII Olympiad in London, British Empire)
 
 6%
VI). 1948 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) didn't exist, Soviet Union (URS) ❌didn't compete; tennis excluded
 
 3%
VII). 1952–1980 – 8 events: Russian Empire (RU1) didn't exist, Soviet Union (URS) ✔ competed; tennis excluded
 
 24%
VIII). 1984 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) didn't exist, Soviet Union (URS) ❌ didn't compete; tennis excluded
 
 3%
IX). 1988 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) didn't exist, Soviet Union (URS) ✔competed; tennis included: men's and women's SGL, men's and women's DBL
 
 3%
X). 1992 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) & Soviet Union (URS) didn't exist, Unified Team (±URS → EUN) ✔competed; tennis included: men's and women's SGL, men's and women's DBL
 
 3%
XI). 1996–2016 – 6 events: Russian Empire (RU1) & Soviet Union (URS) didn't exist, Russian Federation (±EUN → RUS) ✔competed; tennis included: men's and women's SGL, men's and women's DBL, MX
 
 18%
Olympic Games postponed because of the COVID-19 pandemic: 2020 de jure ⇒ 2021 de facto (Games of the XXXII Olympiad in Tokyo, Japan)
 
 %
XII). 2021 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) & Soviet Union (URS) didn't exist, ROC (±RUS → ROC) ✔competed; tennis included: men's and women's SGL, men's and women's DBL, MX
 
 3%
XIII). 2024 – 1 event: Russian Empire (RU1) & Soviet Union (URS) didn't exist, Individual Neutral Athletes (±ROC → AIN) ✔competed; tennis included: men's and women's SGL, men's and women's DBL, MX
 
 3%
Future Olympic Games left to 2052 (incl. XL Olympiad), the 60th anniversary of the Unified Team's (±URS → EUN) participation: 7 events
 
 21%
Future Olympic Games left from 2056 (XLI Olympiad) to 2084 (XLVIII Olympiad, the 60th anniversary of the Individual Neutral Athletes' (±ROC → AIN) participation): 8 events
 
 24%
Future Olympic Games left from 2088 (XLIX Olympiad, the 100th anniversary of the Soviet Union's (URS) last participation) to 2120 (LVII Olympiad, the 100th anniversary de jure of the ROC's (±RUS → ROC) participation): 9 events
 
 27%
Future Olympic Games left from 2124 (LVIII Olympiad, the 100th anniversary of the Individual Neutral Athletes (±ROC → AIN) last participation) to 2176 (LXX Olympiad, the 200th anniversary of Montreal-1976 Soviet Union's (URS) participation): 13 events
 
 39%
Singles (SGL), Doubles (DBL), Mixed Doubles (MX); main events in bold
(Timeline: RU1 → URS → EUN {de jure; also de facto: CIS – Commonwealth of Independent States} → RUS → ROC → AIN {de jure; also de facto: URB – Union of Russia and Belarus})

Medals' proportion (EUN in 1992 only)

  SGL: 1 out of 2 (men's – A. Cherkasov) (50%)
  DBL: 1 out of 2 (women's – L. Meskhi with N. Zvereva) (50%)

Medals' proportion (RUS, from 1996 to 2016, only)

  SGL: 6 out of 8 (1 men's – Y. Kafelnikov & 5 women's – E. Dementieva x 2, V. Zvonareva, D. Safina, M. Sharapova) (75%)
  DBL: 2 out of 8 (women's: M. Kirilenko and N. Petrova; E. Makarova and E. Vesnina) (25%)
  MX: 0 (0%)

Medals' proportion (ROC in 2021 only)

  SGL: 1 out of 3 (men's – K. Khachanov) (33.3%)
  DBL: 0 (0%)
  MX: 2 out of 3 (A. Pavluchenkova and A. Rublev; E. Vesnina and A. Karatsev) (66.7%)

Medals' proportion (AIN in 2024 only)

  SGL: 0 (0%)
  DBL: 1 out of 1 (women's – M. Andreeva and D. Shnaider) (100%)
  MX: 0 (0%)

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Under [the rule of] Alexander II the dominance of the Baltic Germans remained. Mikhail Katkov's employee, Krisjanis Valdemars, in his article "Who Rules Russia: The Russians or the Germans?", collected statistics: "15% of ministers are Germans; 25% members of the State Council; 40% senators; 50% generals; and 60% governors. And since governors run Russia, that is how he answered the question. Since Empresses were German, it was natural that Germans infiltrated into higher administration under their protection. Katkov read the article in amazement and did not believe the numbers. He told his secretary to check them. The results were even more surprising: there were 63% German senators, not 40%! But Katkov published Valdemars' article replacing 'Empresses' with 'high officials'.[9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Основоположники и пионеры российского тенниса (1875–1917)". museum.tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). RTF Museum. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
  2. ^ Potts, Andy (2 July 2015). "Seven interesting facts about Russian tennis". Russia Beyond. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  3. ^ "Макферсон Артур Давыдович (1870–1920)". museum.tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). RTF Museum. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  4. ^ "Макферсон Артур Артурович". museum.tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). RTF Museum. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
  5. ^ a b "Урусов Лев Владимирович (1877–1933)". museum.tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). RTF Museum. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Теннис" [Tennis]. smsport.ru (in Russian). Moscow, Russian Federation: Contemporary Sports Museum. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
    • "Tennis in Russia — Page 3". tennisgolfpro.com (in Russian). Russian Tennis Hall of Fame. Retrieved 21 September 2024. The first champion of Russia was Ekaterina Girshfeld (married name Polonskaya). In the following five years (1910-14), the title of the best tennis player in Russia was won three times by Nadezhda Martynova, once by Lyudmila Iznar and once by the famous American, multiple Wimbledon champion in doubles Elizabeth Ryan (in 1914)
  7. ^ "Russian Imperial Sports Flags". vexillographia.ru (in Russian). Vexillographia - Flags of Russia.
  8. ^ "ШИЛЛИНГ [Schilling] Том". dancelib.ru (in Russian). Istoria Tantsev / Dance History. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  9. ^ Polyakov, Vladimir. "The tragedy of oblivion". историк.рф (in Russian). Historian (Russian journal) [ru]. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  10. ^ Puzyrev, Denis (18 March 2022). "30 лет изоляции спорта ЮАР из-за апартеида: как он выживал эти годы?" [30 years of South African sport isolation due to apartheid: how did it survive all these years?]. sports.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 29 April 2022. The fact is by that time South Africa had lost its former importance for the United States: due to Perestroika in the USSR, the threat of the communist regime on the continent has gone by itself. In addition, the largest diamond corporation in the world, De Beers, the richest company in South Africa, has joined the ranks of open opponents of apartheid
  11. ^ Kuznetsov, Mikhail (4 November 2021). ""Когда играли с Ельциным, шансов победить нас не было". Большое интервью Шамиля Тарпищева" [Big Interview with Shamil Tarpishchev: "While I Was Playing [Doubles] with [Boris] Yeltsin, There Was No Chance of Beating Us".]. Match TV (in Russian). Retrieved 26 November 2021.
  12. ^ "Tennis in the USSR (1928–1969)". tennis-russia.su (in Russian). Retrieved 4 October 2021.
  13. ^ "Отца Марии Романовой обвиняют в пособничестве Гитлеру" [Maria Romanova's Father Is Accused of Helping Hitler]. Радио Свобода (in Russian). Svoboda (Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty). 24 July 2015. Retrieved 6 December 2021. Representatives of the Russian nobility applied to Putin with a letter in which they demand not to grant special status to Maria Romanova due to the open support of her father for Hitler
  14. ^ "Слагаемые успеха / Быть мамой Андрея Рублева" [Components of success / Being the mother of Andrey Rublev]. FIS (Fizkultura i sport) (in Russian). 20 June 2018. Archived from the original on 1 February 2020. Retrieved 22 February 2021. What is considered a [rare] phenomenon for the whole world seems a common thing for the country. The success of women in raising male champions in Russia did not surprise or will not surprise anyone: we have no less female coaches than male coaches, and in the USSR this profession was occupied by women at 80%
  15. ^ Wren, Christopher S. (March 15, 1976). "Tennis in the Soviet Style". The New York Times. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
  16. ^ "ATP Singles Rankings". Retrieved 2011-02-08.
  17. ^ Gonzalez, Isabel (13 June 2022). "Daniil Medvedev takes No. 1 world ranking, ending 18-year streak of tennis' 'Big Three ' dominating top spots". CBS Sports. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  18. ^ Clarey, Christopher (28 February 2022). "Daniil Medvedev Intrudes on the Big Four's No. 1 Perch". New York Times. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  19. ^ "Тиньков рассказал о сорвавшемся контракте с Шараповой: "Агент ее отговорил, чтобы с русскими не связываться"" [Tinkov spoke about the failed contract with Sharapova: "The agent talked her out of it in order to not become involved with Russians"]. sport24.ru (in Russian). Moscow: Sport24. 18 April 2021. Retrieved 12 July 2024. She had a post-doping scandal. Russia, doping, all that, and someone advised her against something. They are all afraid of that in America, although it was a complete nonsense - we are a private bank, and they associated us with Russia
  20. ^ "Николай Давыденко рассказал, что мог получить австрийское гражданство" [Nikolay Davydenko on how he could get Austrian citizenship]. eurosport.ru. Eurosport. 29 November 2019. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
  21. ^ "Российский теннис: факты, события, цифры" [Russian Tennis: Facts, Events, Figures]. tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). Russian Tennis Federation. 12 June 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  22. ^ Shivarnov, Nikolai (2016). "History of Tennis in Pre-Revolutionary Russia". tennistrue.com. Russian Federation: TennisTrue. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
  23. ^ Fedyakov, Evgeny (11 October 2021). ""Вопрос о том, чтобы снова не проводить турнир, даже не рассматривался"" [The issue of not holding the [Kremlin Cup] tournament again was not even considered.]. kommersant.ru (in Russian). Kommersant. Retrieved 17 October 2021. For example, there aren't enough courts. There is a total of 7.2 thousand of them in Russia, including 2.6 thousand indoors. And in Moscow it is, respectively, 783 and 261.
  24. ^ "Belits-Geiman Semyon Viktorovich". smsport.ru (in Russian). Contemporary Sports Museum. Retrieved 31 August 2024. Cousin of the famous Soviet tennis player Semyon Pavlovich Belits-Geiman
  25. ^ "History of Tennis in Russia". tennis.4natic.ru (in Russian). Russian Federation: Alexander Ostrovsky Academy. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
  26. ^ "Maria Sharapova Biography". Peoples (in Russian). Russia. Retrieved 15 September 2022. [Western] Zodiac: Aries; Druid: Maple; Celtic: Hydrangea; Chinese: Hare; Japanese: Rabbit; Zoroastrian: Fallow deer
  27. ^ "Sharapova: "Alcaraz es increíble, lo que más me fascina de él es su espíritu de lucha"". puntodebreak.com (in Spanish). Punto de Break. 8 June 2023. Retrieved 29 July 2023. At the moment I don't see my heir on the horizon. There are excellent players with different styles. The formula for success is not easy to achieve, you need a perfect balance between the game, commitments with sponsors and free time
  28. ^ "Evgueni Kafelnikov (URS) Tennis Player Profile". itftennis.com. ITF. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  29. ^ "Daniil Medvedev's Racquet". peRFect Tennis. 15 February 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  30. ^ Nitkin, Pavel (6 June 2021). "Елена Рыбакина вынесла Серену на РГ. Она родилась в Москве, но играет за Казахстан – это путь многих талантов, потому что в России нет денег" [Elena Rybakina rendered Serena at RG. She was born in Moscow but plays for Kazakhstan, this is a path of many talents because there is no money in Russia]. sports.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
  31. ^ ""Я хочу вырастить чемпионов здесь, в нашей стране"" ["I would like to make champions here, in this country"]. iz.ru (in Russian). Izvestia. 2022-11-18. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  32. ^ Dadygin, Sergey (2 November 2020). "Теннисистка Надежда Петрова: "Меня пригласили быть свидетелем на свадьбе Овечкина. Но я туда не попала"" [Tennis Player Nadezhda Petrova: "I was invited to be a witness at Ovechkin's wedding. But I didn't get there"]. eg.ru (in Russian). Moscow: Express Gazeta. Retrieved 14 July 2023. – And Dinara Safina, as they say, an affair with coach Željko Krajan helped in her time to become the number racket of the world. – When Dinarka was training with Krajan, she was like a machine. The energy from her was enormous, hormones were playing. I remember, that year Safina was simply "eating" me on the court. But the Dutchman Glen Schaap suppressed her. Energetic vampire. By the way, I also worked with him. Glen was likable, but very bossy. I couldn't stand his negativity
  33. ^ Shvets, Єvgen (26 July 2009). "Андрей Медведев: "Ельцин за смену гражданства предлагал баснословный контракт и квартиру возле Кремля"" [Andrei Medvedev: "Yeltsin Had Been Offering [Me] a Mind-Blowing Contract and an Apartment Near the [Moscow] Kremlin for the Switch of Citizenship"]. LB.ua. Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 23 December 2021. My mother [Svetlana] influenced my decision, she has managed to convince [me], a 20-year-old boy, not quite familiar with the situation, that I was born in Kyiv, and this country is called Ukraine these days, all of my friends are here, my home is here, and it would be unwise to relocate
  34. ^ "European Junior Championships 14 & Under". tenniseurope.org. Tennis Europe. Retrieved 2 August 2023. 1990: Smashnova (USSR)
  35. ^ "Discussing Wimbledon Women's Draw with Dmitry Tursunov". YouTube (in Russian). Tennis Therapy. 1 July 2023. Retrieved 29 July 2023.
  36. ^ a b c Timeline:
  37. ^ "Николоз Басилашвили: В России мне комфортно" [Nikoloz Basilashvili: "I Feel Comfortable In Russia"]. bezformata.com (in Russian). Russia: Bez Formata. 2012-06-25. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  38. ^ a b c "Merited Masters of Sport". museum.tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). RTF Museum. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
  39. ^ a b "Ксения Первак: Переезд в Казахстан был ошибкой" [Ksenia Pervak: Moving To Kazakhstan Was a Mistake]. sovsport.ru (in Russian). Sovetsky Sport. 15 October 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2024. "The Bogomolov surname is not in the American registers," says Alex. And he speaks convincingly, without an accent, and more interestingly than many domestic athletes
  40. ^ ""Теннисный рай" на ЧР в Казани. Иван Гахов: "Мой уровень игры гораздо выше моего нынешнего рейтинга"" ["Tennis Paradise" at the Russian Championship in Kazan. Ivan Gakhov: "My level of play is much higher than my current rating"]. YouTube (in Russian). Russia: Tennisny Rai [lit. Tennis Paradise]. 2 October 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  41. ^ "Words of Wisdom in Monaco with Yulia Salnikova". hellomonaco,com. 16 April 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
  42. ^ "Александр Зверев: "Миша и Саша стали европейцами, но говорят по-русски"" [Alexander [M.] Zverev: "Mischa and Sascha have become Europeans but they speak Russian"]. sport-express.ru (in Russian). Sport-Express. 2016-09-27. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  43. ^ Golovin, Alexander (22 July 2019). "Он был моделью и тренировал Звонареву, но бросил все ради 15-летней. Сейчас она его жена и №4 в России" [He was a model and coached Zvonareva, but dropped everything for a 15-year-old. Now she is his wife and number 4 in Russia]. sports.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 10 April 2021.
  44. ^ "Знаменитые теннисные левши" [Famous Lefties in Tennis]. tennis-i-com (in Russian). Alexander Ivanitsky Tennis Encyclopedia. 10 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  45. ^ a b "Брей Георгий Вальтерович (1880–1954)". museum.tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). RTF Museum. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  46. ^ Размышления о физкультурно-спортивном движении в постреволюционную эпоху (20-е годы) Archived 2008-12-18 at the Wayback Machine // «Теория и практика физической культуры» No. 5 от 2005 года, д-р, проф. А. Б. Суник
  47. ^ "Мартынова-Данилевская Надежда Викторовна (1887–1969)". museum.tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). RTF Museum. Retrieved 26 June 2024. Nadezhda Viktorovna died in May 1969 at the age of 84 in the New York suburb of Spring Valley [thus making her year of birth 1884 or 1885]
  48. ^ "Изнар Людмила Николаевна (1892–1983)". museum.tennis-russia.ru (in Russian). RTF Museum. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
  49. ^ "Count Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston – Tennis – Russian Sport – Biographies". RusArtNet.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
  50. ^ "Anna Dmitrieva Pictures and Photos". Getty Images. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  51. ^ a b Lifantsev, Dmitry. "Татьяна Тарасова увела мужа у беременной двойней теннисистки" [Tatyana Tarasova stole the husband of a tennis player who was pregnant with twins]. eg.ru (in Russian). Russian Federation: Express Gazeta. Retrieved 13 August 2024. Until recently, Tarasova didn't even mention she was Khomenkov's [track and field athlete Vasili Khomenkov who was Leonid Khomenkov [ru]'s son] wife. It wasn't until an interview for her 70th birthday that she said she went to the registry office three times, including Vasili. But she didn't want to talk about him, saying he died tragically, and that topic was off-limits for her
  52. ^ "Исланова Рауза Мухамеджановна". smsport.ru (in Russian). Contemporary Sports Museum. Retrieved 30 June 2024.
  53. ^ Kuptsov, Stas (27 March 2019). "Наше первое золото Игр – в фигурке. Это была летняя Олимпиада (да-да), во времена Российской империи" [Our first gold of the Games was in figure skating. It was the Summer Olympics (oh, yes!), during the Russian Empire period]. sports.ru (in Russian). Russian Federation. Retrieved 17 August 2024. Kolya had an older sister, Lena, whom he loved very much. She also often skated in the park, and when she saw the branded skates, she fell in love with them. By a strong-willed decision, the brother gave her the right skate. He skated on the left, pushing off with his right foot. This helped him master skating on the left skate so dexterously that in the future he performed all the most difficult tricks on it, since the left leg was much stronger and more agile than the right one. A year later, his sister was also given skates, and Kolya could skate fully again
  54. ^ Vignal, Patrick (10 August 2007). "Sharapova feels like cow on ice despite easy win". reuters.com. Reuters. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
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