The Boy in the Train is a poem written in Scots, by Mary Campbell (Edgar) Smith (1869–1960),[1] first published in 1913. It is featured in many anthologies of Scottish verse,[2] texts related to railway history,[3][4][5] and is routinely quoted when discussing linoleum,[6][7][8] and the history of the Scottish town Kirkcaldy.[9][10][11] It is a popular poem in Scottish culture,[12][13][14] often being a children's party piece,[15][16] and "recited by generations of primary school children".[17] The crime-writer Val McDermid, who was born in Kirkcaldy, has said "As school kids we all had to learn The Boy in the Train".[12][18][19]
Mary Campbell Smith was born in Tongland, Kirkcudbrightshire, and was the daughter of the Reverend Andrew Edgar, minister of Mauchline, Ayrshire.[20] In 1895 she married George Smith (1868–1957), the headmaster of Merchiston Castle School in Edinburgh.[21] They would take their Easter holidays in Elie, Fife, travelling there by train.[21] Written in Scots,[22] the poem quotes an inquisitive young boy who was in their carriage, asking questions on the way to his grandmother's house in Kirkcaldy, Fife. The poem captures the growing pre-war industrialisation of Kirkcaldy, including the distinct smell of the linoleum factories,[23][24][25] for which the town was famous.[26][27][28]
The Boy in the Train was first published in August 1913 in a single-issue school magazine, called the Total Eclipse, produced by the school-boys of Merchiston Castle School.[29] No copies of this are known to have survived.[30] The poem was reproduced in the official school journal, The Merchistonian, in August 1913 (although the poet was not named).[29] By 1915 The Boy in the Train was known to Sir Michael Nairn (1838–1915), industrialist and owner of seven of Kirkcaldy's linoleum factories,[31] who had the poem printed up as a calling card.[32] The poem appeared in full in the Fife Free Press in 1916, attributed to a "young man belonging to Pathhead, who is now in the United States" with the initials "C.N".[33] It became popularly known as Next Stop Kirkcaldy and from the early 1920s was widely reported as being a popular concert recital piece both in Fife,[34][35] and elsewhere in Scotland.[36]
In 1925 it was published in a book of Twentieth Century Scots Verse,[37] selected by Mr William Robb, Chief Inspector of Schools in Lanarkshire.[38] Robb was an expert in Scots dialect, interested in the "revival of the use of the Scots vernacular tongue as a literary medium",[39] lecturing[40][41][42] and publishing on Modern Scots Poetry.[43] Robb was the first to name Mary Campbell Smith as author of the poem, citing his source as the Total Eclipse 1913 magazine.[44] Twentieth Century Scots Verse also contains the only other known poem by Mary Campbell Smith, Mirren McKee.[45] After publication in this volume, The Boy in the Train's popularity increased, and has been included in many anthologies of popular Scottish verse.[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][excessive citations] It has often being recorded as having been performed and enjoyed at concerts throughout Scotland.[58][59][60][61][62][63][64] By the mid 20th Century was synonymous with Kirkcaldy in popular culture.[65][66]
Although she lived to see the growing popularity of her poem, it is believed that Mary Campbell Smith never set foot in the station that she made famous.[67]
The poem[68] is written in four stanzas in phonetically transcribed Scots.[69] The four stanzas each have eight lines (octaves), in alternating Iambic tetrameter and Iambic trimeter with some playing with Anapestic stressing. The strong rhythm echoes the noise of a steam train travelling at speed along tracks. The poem uses the ABABCDCD traditional rhyme scheme. However, the last line of the first three stanzas is repeated: "next stop Kirkcaddy", giving repetition of the D rhyme in each stanza, although changing from question to growing confidence as a statement. This is resolved in the final two lines, with the poem's well-known phrase:
For I ken mysel' by the queer-like smell / That the next stop's Kirkcaddy!
This section possibly contains original research. (February 2022) |
The Boy in the Train describes the steam train journey of an un-named, young boy with his mother and father, from an unnamed western point on the coastal train line in Fife, as they travel eastwards and then north to Kirkcaldy railway station, to visit his grandmother. The poem is a range of questions asked and excited, humorous observations made by the boy, leaving no space for any reply, but showing his developing reasoning as he goes through a landscape he starts to recognise. Although first published in 1913, the date of writing is unknown. The poem details the change from rural to modernising and industrial urban landscape. The boy anthropomorphises the train, before questioning how it works, thinks about his dinner, then asks "Has Gran'ma gotten electric licht?". This refers to the gradual electrification of Kirkcaldy, which had begun in 1904, with a steady growth in private homes being connected.[70] The 1910 Electric Lighting Order Confirmation (No.2) Act Order for the South of Scotland, and the schedule laid out in 1911, included a specified area of Kirkcaldy in the second mass-electrificaiton schedule and the laying of tramlines and streetlights.[71] This is juxtaposed in the poem by noting nature in the rural landscape on the approach to Kirkcaldy, such as the birds, and the moon. The child's gaze spots other children in the pre-industrial landscape: the cow and the calf, and the "lassie pu'in' a hurly!" (a girl pulling a roughly-made hand cart).[72]
There are several specific geographic features mentioned in the poem. At the time of publication of the poem, the trainline was operated by the North British Railway company (the station in Kirkcaldy had been operational since 1847). The tunnel described is the Kinghorn Tunnel, a 265 yard tunnel southwest of Kinghorn Station, the station prior to Kirkcaldy on the line. Although it is not clear where the boy's train journey in the poem starts, it must have been before Kinghorn. Given there is no mention of the Forth Bridge, the starting point must be another station in Fife on the North British Railway line.
The boy knows that on the approach to Kirkcaldy railway station they will "sune be comin' to Beveridge Park": a large Victorian park opened in 1892, which was bequeathed to the people of Kirkcaldy by the industrialist and Provost Michael Beveridge (1836–1890).[73][74] Beveridge was a linen manufacturer and founder of the linoleum company Barry, Ostlere and Shepherd, the "second largest floorcovering manufacturer in Scotland"[75] after the Michael Nairn and Co linoleum company.
The "gey wheen boats at the harbour mou" in the Firth of Forth must be outside Kinghorn harbour mouth: Kirkcaldy harbour is not visible from the train before Kirkcaldy station, as the line turns inland. Kinghorn's Abden Shipyard was not operational at time of publication,[76] although its harbour would have been. "And eh! dae ya see the cruisers?" in the poem may refer to traffic to the Rosyth naval base and dockyard which had been established in 1909 "in anticipation of a naval arms race with Germany".[77] There were frequently reported manoeuvres of the First Fleet in the Firth of Forth in 1912[78] and 1913.[79] The excitement of the boy shows an innocence in the face of the growing power of the Royal Navy. The seriousness of seeing the cruisers is punctured when the boy spits out his sweet and it sticks to his trousers.
Eventually, the famous "queer-like smell" of Kirkcaldy's many linoleum factories lets the boy know that they will soon be arriving in Kirkcaldy. The smell of linoleum is distinctive, given the production process where linseed oil is oxidised and pressed together with resins, ground cork and pigments. There were many factories clustered around the train station (and Kirkcaldy harbour) to allow transport of the linoleum. The Balsusney Works,[80] National Linoleum Works,[81] Rosslyn and Lorne Linoleum Works,[82] and Barry, Ostlere and Shepherd Caledonia Linoleum Works[83] were all next to Kirkcaldy railway station.
At the time of writing circa 1913 the poem was therefore a record of recent development of a Fife landscape that had been rapidly industrialised, at a time of great change. However, given the demise of most of the linoleum industry in the mid twentieth century,[84] the subsequent demolition of the majority of Kirkcaldy's linoleum factory buildings,[85][86] and the replacement of steam trains by diesel in the 1960s, the poem now has nostalgic charm for a bygone time.
The poem is often quoted in travel guides as immortalising the smell of Kirkcaldy's Linoleum factories,[87][88][89][90][91] and in description of the route into Kirkcaldy.[92][93][94]
In 1993 a touring exhibition on the history of linoleum, entitled 'The Queer-Like Smell' after the line in the poem, was put together by Kirkcaldy Museum and Art Gallery, and toured various museums in Scotland.[95][96][97]
In 1994 the poem was reproduced in laser-cut linoleum and unveiled in Kirkcaldy railway station.[98]
In 1998, the final lines of the poem were used to describe Kirkcaldy in the biography of Gordon Brown, the prime minister of the UK, who grew up in Kirkcaldy.[99]
In 2016 a competition was launched for residents of Kirkcaldy to write their own, modern version of the poem in celebration of Kirkcaldy4All festival.[100][101]
In 2018, the writer Val McDermid, who is from Kirkcaldy, quoted it in a BBC documentary on "The Town That Floored the World".[12]
The poem is read at the annual prize-giving at Kirkcaldy High School.[102]
A poem by Mary Campbell Smith called The Boy In The Train made reference to the odour.
"overseas buyers have been so greatly impressed that information has 'leaking' back to 'Linoleoplois' and the local folk are beginning to think that perhaps there is more in it that just a 'queer like smell'.
News that Kirkcaldy Linoleum firm Nairn's (now Forbo-Nairn's) is celebrating its 150th anniversary brings to mind a certain poem that was much favoured for school poetry competitions
urban demotic... which look back to an older vernacular tradition of verses such as Mrs M. C. Smith's "The Boy in the Train
Ye'll know by the queer-like smell: the next stop must be Kirkcaldy" Mr Daniel Wesley, one of the town councillors, recited the verse that used to be sung in neighbouring towns in honour of the fumes from Kirkcaldy's linoleum factories
Kirkcaldy will undoubtedly always be associated with linoleum – and the smell of that famous product. It has been the subject of jokes for half-a-century, and even found some form of permanency in the lines: "You ken richt well by the queer like smell that the next stop's Kirkcaldy"
The last time Sir Michael called on him at his own home he presented to him a little sheet which he seemed to have printed from one of the local papers. It contained a poem describing the journey of a boy from Edinburgh across the Forth Bridge, and the little rascal was tormenting his parents with all kinds of questions and observations, until nearing the end of his journey, when he observed – "I ken mysel', by the queer kind of' smell, That the next stop's Kirkcaldy.
Mr Robb is personally known to teachers as the very popular and efficient Chief Inspector of Schools for Lanarkshire, a post in which he recently succeeded Mr Lamb. Outside scholastic work, Mr Robb is well known in the West of Scotland as a man of letters of great distinction. He has written works on educational subjects, notably that charming book "The Joy of Teaching Children". In the revival of the use of Scots vernacular tongue as a literary medium, which as taken various forms – such as the Scottish national Players, the Scottish Chapbook, and the Scottish Vernacular Circle in London – Mr Robb has done prominent work, as he has published "A Book of Scots", an anthology of prose and verse, and he is at present engaged on the compilation of a book of "Recent Scots Verse" which is also the subject of his lecture in Wishaw on the 18th October.
The English Association Lecture by William Robb, Esq. H.M. Inspector of Schools. in University College. On Friday 15th February at 7.30pm. Subject "Scottish Poets of To-Day". All Interested Are Invited.
The lecturer on Friday, 15th January, is Mr William Robb, His Majesty's Chief Inspector of Schools for Lanarkshire, a man of the highest culture, and a lecturer with a most charming personality. he is a recognised authority on Scottish poetry, and his recently published anthology met with a most cordial reception.
Outside scholastic work, Mr Robb is well known in the West of Scotland as a man of letters of great distinction. He has written works on educational subjects, notably that charming book "The Joy of Teaching Children". In the revival of the use the Scots vernacular tongue as a literary medium, which has taken various forms – such as the Scottish national Players, the Scottish Chapbook, and the Scottish Vernacular Circle in London – Mr Robb has done prominent work, as he has published "A Book of Scots", an anthology of prose and verse, and he is at present engaged on the compilation of a book of "Recent Scots Verse".
P. 52. – "The Boy in the Train." The Total Eclipse (Merchiston School Magazine), April, 1913.
Mr Mclean delivered an address entitled "Atmosphere in Literature"... which he himself conveyed to his audience by reading suitable extract... the atmosphere of humour exemplified by Scots poems old and new, one of which "The Next Stop's Kirkcaldy" was particularly enjoyed.
A most fitting item was a recitation ably rendered by Mrs Croll, the Club's producer, "The Next Stop Kirkcaldy".
The merging of conventional English with phonetically spelt dialect (reminiscent of Mary Campbell Smith's in her popular poem 'The Boy in the Train')
In the parish of Kirkcaldy and Dysart – Jocks Loan leading from Strathore Road to Kirkcaldy burgh boundary at Sinclairtown so much of Hayfield Road as is situate outwith the Kirkcaldy burgh boundary so much of unnamed road leading from Ore Bridge past Ore Mills to Mackie's Mill as is situate within the parish.
Four large battleships, H. M. S. Lion, Indefatigable, Invincible, and Inflexible, belonging to the First Cruiser Squadron, cast anchor in Burntisland roadstead yesterday. After a few days' stay they will probably participate in the proposed cruise in the Baltic.
From six to seven o'clock on Thursday morning the First Battle Division, First Cruiser Squadron, torpedo boats, and main division of torpedo-boat destroyers of the Home Fleet, under the command of Admiral Callaghan, left the Forth, where they have been lying since the conclusion of the first phase of the war at the close of last week. From dawn it was seen preparations were in progress for the departure as great banks of black smith issuing from the oil-burning vessels were driven before the light easterly breeze, which brought up the firth a thin hair. The powerful cruisers, seven in number, led and speedily passed through the north span of the Forth Bridge from the neighbourhood of Rosyth, where, with the super-Dreadnoughts, the main body of the fleet had been lying. These were followed by the light Dreadnoughts, led by Admiral Callaghan's flagship Neptune. Numerous torpedo boats and destroyers, with mine sweepers and vessels of other classes accompanied these, while on torpedo-road destroyer flotilla, with attendant store and depot vessels, were left behind. The fleet will take part in operations in the North Sea, thereafter returning to the Forth.
One of Kirkcaldy's many factory chimneys is to disappear shortly. Messrs Barry, Ostlere and Shepherd Ltd, linoleum manufacturers are to demolish the 110-foot high stalk at Rossyln Works, Junction Road. The bricks will be lowered down the inside.
the odorous, linseed oil lingered, expressed so succinctly by Mary C. Smith in 'The Boy in the Train'.
You could fall asleep coming home and know you would wake up at Kirkcaldy because of the smell of the lino factory. They all quote lines from Mary Campbell Smith's famous poem, The Boy In The Train, still on the station wall, that ends: or I ken mysel' by the queer-like smell/That the next stop's Kirkcaddy!
The descent continues through Linkton and as Kirkcaldy approached the motorist may well exclaim, like the boy in the train: I ken mysel' by the queer-like smell That the next stop's Kirkcaddy?