Timeline of Dar es Salaam

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Prior to 20th century

1862 – Town founded by Majid bin Said of Zanzibar near Mzizima village.^[1]^[2]
1872 – Hurricane.^[3]
1887
- Town "taken by Carl Peters for German East Africa Company."^[1]
- Lutheran Mission built.^[4]
- Catholic diocese of Southern Zanguebar established.^[5]
1891 – Capital of German East Africa relocated to Dar es Salaam from Bagamoyo.^[6]
1893 – Dar es Salaam Botanical Gardens established.^[7]
1894 – Lighthouse built.^[3]
1897 – Ocean Road Hospital built.^[4]
1899 – Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.^[8]
1900 – "Port facilities" built.^[3]

20th century

1900s-1950s

1901 - Lutheran Church built.^[4]
1903 - New Boma (district office) built.^[4]
1905
- Baugesellschaft Daressalam (construction firm) in business.^[9]
- St. Joseph's Cathedral consecrated.
1906 – Kaiserhof (hotel) in business.^[9]
1907 – Morogoro-Dar es Salaam railway built.^[9]
1911 – Post office built.^[4]
1914 – Kigoma-Dar es Salaam railway begins operating.^[10]
1916 – 3 September: Town captured by British forces.^[1]^[11]
1919 - Town becomes capital of British Tanganyika Territory.^[12]
1922 – State House built.^[4]
1926 – Legislative Council of Tanzania headquartered in Dar es Salaam.^[13]
1929 – Tanganyika African Association active.^[14]
1930 - Daily News begins publication.^[15]
1931 – Sudanese Association formed.^[16]
1933 - Yacht Club opens.^[4]
1936 - New Wanyamwezi Association founded.^[16]
1938 – Wazaramo Union founded.^[17]
1940 - George V Memorial Museum opens.^[7]
1945 - Township ward council instituted.^[18]
1948 - Population: 69,227.^[19]
1953 – Metropolitan Catholic Archdiocese of Dar-es-Salaam established.^[5]
1954 – Tanganyika African National Union headquartered in Dar es Salaam.^[18]

1960s–1990s

1960 – Population: 74,036.^[1]
1961
- City becomes capital of Tanganyika.
- University College^[20] and Alliance Française de Dar es Salaam established.^[21]
1963 – Tanzania Library Services headquartered in city.^[7]
1964
- City becomes capital of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar.^[22]
- Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam established.
1965
- Radio Tanzania Dar es Salaam active.^[23]^[24]
- Bank of Tanzania headquarters^[25] and Kilimanjaro Hotel built.^[4]
- Public library opens.^[7]
1966
- Oil refinery begins operating.^[10]
- TANU Youth League Centre opens.^[26]
1967 - Aga Khan Mzizima Secondary School built.^[27]
1968 – Tazama oil pipeline begins operating.^[10]^[26]
1970 – University of Dar es Salaam established.
1975
- TAZARA Railway begins operating.^[10]
- Population: 517,000.^[28]
1977 – October: Chama Cha Mapinduzi (political party) convenes in city.^[26]
1978 – Mlimani Park Orchestra formed.^[24]^[29]
1979 – Airport expanded.^{[citation needed]}
1985 – Population: 1,046,000 (urban agglomeration).^[30]
1990 – Population: 1,316,000 (urban agglomeration).^[30]
1991 – Mkuki na Nyota publisher in business.^[31]
1992 – "Sustainable Dar es Salaam Program" introduced.^[2]
1993
- Mawingu Studio established.^[23]
- Aga Khan Primary School opens.^[27]
1995
- International Medical and Technological University established.^[7]
- Doctor's strike.^[26]
- Population: 1,668,000 (urban agglomeration).^[30]
1996 – National Assembly of Tanzania relocated from Dar es Salaam to Dodoma.
1997
- Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology established.^[7]
- New Africa Hotel built.^[4]
1998 – 7 August: United States embassy bombing.
2000
- Fish market built.^[4]
- Population: 2,116,000 (urban agglomeration).^[30]

21st century

2001
- April: Political demonstration.^[22]
- African Stars Entertainment in business.^[32]^[23]
2002 – National Records and Archives Management Department headquartered in city.^[7]
2005 – Population: 2,683,000 (urban agglomeration).^[30]
2006 – Adam Kimbisa becomes mayor.
2010
- Didas Massaburi becomes mayor.^{[citation needed]}
- May: World Economic Forum on Africa held.^[33]
- Population: 3,415,000 (urban agglomeration).^[30]
2011 - December: Flood.^[34]
2012
- October: Muslim-Christian unrest.^[22]^[35]
- Population: 4,364,541 metro.
2013 - 29 March: Building collapse on Indira Gandhi Street.
2018 – Population: 5,147,070 (estimate).^[36]
2021 – Shooting.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M
^ ^a ^b Appiah 2005.
^ ^a ^b ^c B.S. Hoyle (2012). Seaports and Development: The Experience of Kenya and Tanzania. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-86604-3.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Hoyle 2002.
^ ^a ^b "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Tanzania". www.katolsk.no. Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 9 September 2014.
^ Fabian 2007.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Janet Kaaya (2010), "Tanzania: Libraries, Archives, Museums and Information Systems", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
^ "Dar es Salaam – Newspapers". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Global Resources Network. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c Rudolf Fitzner, ed. (1908). "Deutsch-Ostafrika". Deutsches Kolonial-Handbuch (in German). Berlin: Hermann Paetel.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Hoyle 1978.
^ Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. p. 523+. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
^ "Tanganyika Territory". The Statesman's Year-book. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1920. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368457.
^ "History". Parliament of Tanzania. Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
^ John Iliffe (1979), Modern history of Tanganyika, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521220246
^ "Tanzania and Zanzibar: News". Africa South of the Sahara: Selected Internet Resources. California: Stanford University. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
^ ^a ^b John Iliffe (1979). "Townsmen and Workers". Modern History of Tanganyika. African Studies Series. Cambridge University Press. pp. 381–404. ISBN 978-0-521-29611-3.
^ James R. Brennan (2012). Taifa: Making Nation and Race in Urban Tanzania. Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0-8214-4417-7.
^ ^a ^b Brennan 2006.
^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
^ "Background". University of Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
^ "Alliance Française in Dar es Salaam". French Embassy in Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 13 May 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Tanzania Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 9 July 2011. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c Perullo 2011.
^ ^a ^b "About the Archives", Tanzania Heritage Project: Reviving Tanzania's Reel-to-Reel Archives, 11 November 2010, retrieved 31 August 2015
^ ArchNet. "Dar es Salaam". USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived from the original on 11 September 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Jacqueline Audrey Kalley; et al., eds. (1999). Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30247-3.
^ ^a ^b Aga Khan Schools. "History of Aga Khan Education Services, Tanzania". Aga Khan Development Network. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ "Where Tanzania Taps Its Feet", New York Times, 18 February 2014
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f The State of African Cities 2014. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 10 September 2015. ISBN 978-92-1-132598-0. Archived from the original on 10 September 2014.
^ "Archives, Libraries, Bibliographies, Book Dealers & Publishers on Africa". Virtual Libraries: African Studies. New York, USA: Columbia University Libraries. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
^ "ASET". Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
^ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2011). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2010. Vol. 7. Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-20556-7.
^ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2012). "Tanzania". Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2011. Vol. 8. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 407–420. ISBN 978-90-04-24178-7.
^ K. Hirschler and R. Hofmeier (2013). "Tanzania". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Vol. 9. Koninklijke Brill. p. 407+. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.
^ "Table 8 – Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 20th century

Lothaire Loewenbach (1908), "De Zanzibar a Dar-es-Salam", Promenade autour de l'Afrique, 1907: Syrie, Palestine, Eǵypte, Soudan, Transvaal, Rhodésie, Le Cap, Saint-Héléne (in French), Paris: E. Flammarion
"Dar es Salaam". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1908.
"Daressalam". Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (in German). 1920 – via Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt.
"Dar es Salaam District". Red Book 1922–23: Handbook and Directory for Kenya Colony and Protectorate, Uganda Protectorate, Tanganyika Territory, and Zanzibar Sultanate. Nairobi: East Africa Standard Ltd. 1922.
Clement Gillman (1945). "Dar es Salaam 1860–1940: A Story of Growth and Change". Tanganyika Notes and Records. 20. ISSN 0856-2725.
John E.G. Sutton (1970). "Dar es Salaam, A Sketch of a Hundred Years". Tanganyika Notes and Records. 71.
John E.G. Sutton (1970). Dar es Salaam: City, Port, and Region.
B.S. Hoyle (1978). "African Politics and Port Expansion at Dar es Salaam". Geographical Review. 68 (1): 31–50. doi:10.2307/213509. JSTOR 213509.
Marshall Macklin Monoghan (1978), Dar es Salaam Masterplan, Toronto{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Deborah F. Bryceson (1987). "A Century of Food Supply in Dar es Salaam". In Jane I. Guyer (ed.). Feeding African Cities: Studies in Regional Social History. UK: Manchester University Press. ISBN 0719022142.
Jurgen Becher (1997). Dar es Salaam, Tanga und Tabora: Stadtentwicklung in Tansania unter deutscher Kolonialherrschaft, 1885-1914 (in German). Stuttgart.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Laura Sykes; Uma Waide (1997). Dar es Salaam: a dozen drives around the city. Mkuki Na Nyota Publishers. ISBN 9976973357.
Mary Fitzpatrick (1999), "Dar es Salaam", Tanzania, Zanzibar & Pemba, Lonely Planet, p. 122+, OL 8314875M

Published in 21st century

R. Mhamba; C. Titus (2001). "Reactions to Deteriorating Provision of Public Services in Dar es Salaam". In Arne Tostensen; et al. (eds.). Associational Life in African Cities: Popular Responses to the Urban Crisis. Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. ISBN 978-91-7106-465-3.
Brian Hoyle (2002). "Port-City Renewal in Developing Countries the Waterfront at Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania". Erdkunde. 56. ISSN 0014-0015.
Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Dar es Salaam, Tanzania". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ed. (2005). "Dar es Salaam". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 318+. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
Kevin Shillington, ed. (2005). "Dar es Salaam". Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
James R. Brennan (2006). "Youth, the TANU Youth League and Managed Vigilantism in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 1925-73". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. 76 (2): 221–246. doi:10.3366/afr.2006.76.2.221. JSTOR 40027110. S2CID 145681258.
James R. Brennan; et al., eds. (2007). Dar es Salaam: Histories from an Emerging African Metropolis. African Books Collective. ISBN 978-9987449705.
Andrew Burton (2007). "Haven of Peace Purged: Tackling the Undesirable and Unproductive Poor in Dar es Salaam, ca.1950s-1980s". International Journal of African Historical Studies. 40 (1): 119–151. JSTOR 40034793.
Steven Fabian (2007). "Curing the Cancer of the Colony: Bagamoyo, Dar es Salaam, and Socioeconomic Struggle in German East Africa". International Journal of African Historical Studies. 40 (3): 441–469. JSTOR 40034038.
Creole and Tribal Designs: Dar es Salaam and Kampala as Ethnic Cities in Coalescing Nation States, London: Crisis States Research Centre, 2008 – via International Relations and Security Network
Philip Briggs (2009). "Dar es Salaam". Tanzania. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-288-0.
Overview of Municipal Finance Systems in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania, London: Crisis States Research Centre, 2009 – via International Relations and Security Network
Alex Perullo (2011), Live from Dar es Salaam: popular music and Tanzania's music economy, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, ISBN 9780253356055

External links

Media related to History of Dar es Salaam at Wikimedia Commons

"(Dar es Salaam)" – via Qatar National Library, Qatar Digital Library. (Images, etc.)
"(Dar es Salaam)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
"(Dar es Salaam)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
"(Dar es Salaam)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
"(Dar es Salaam)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
"(Dar es Salaam)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
"(Dar es Salaam)". Winterton Collection of East African Photographs: 1860 – 1960. USA: Northwestern University, Herskovits Library of African Studies.
"Dar es Salaam", BlackPast.org, USA, 25 October 2010

6°48′00″S 39°17′00″E / 6.8°S 39.283333°E / -6.8; 39.283333

[webster1960-1] Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M

[FOOTNOTEAppiah2005-2] Appiah 2005.

[Hoyle2012-3] B.S. Hoyle (2012). Seaports and Development: The Experience of Kenya and Tanzania. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-86604-3.

[FOOTNOTEHoyle2002-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Hoyle 2002.

[katolsk-5] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Tanzania". www.katolsk.no. Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 9 September 2014.

[FOOTNOTEFabian2007-6] Fabian 2007.

[bates2010-7] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Janet Kaaya (2010), "Tanzania: Libraries, Archives, Museums and Information Systems", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127

[CRLnewspapers-8] "Dar es Salaam – Newspapers". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Global Resources Network. Retrieved 9 September 2014.

[fitzner1908-9] Rudolf Fitzner, ed. (1908). "Deutsch-Ostafrika". Deutsches Kolonial-Handbuch (in German). Berlin: Hermann Paetel.

[FOOTNOTEHoyle1978-10] Hoyle 1978.

[11] Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. p. 523+. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.

[12] "Tanganyika Territory". The Statesman's Year-book. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1920. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368457.

[13] "History". Parliament of Tanzania. Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014.

[14] John Iliffe (1979), Modern history of Tanganyika, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521220246

[stanford-15] "Tanzania and Zanzibar: News". Africa South of the Sahara: Selected Internet Resources. California: Stanford University. Retrieved 6 May 2013.

[iliffe1979-townsmen-16] John Iliffe (1979). "Townsmen and Workers". Modern History of Tanganyika. African Studies Series. Cambridge University Press. pp. 381–404. ISBN 978-0-521-29611-3.

[Brennan2012-17] James R. Brennan (2012). Taifa: Making Nation and Race in Urban Tanzania. Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0-8214-4417-7.

[FOOTNOTEBrennan2006-18] Brennan 2006.

[19] "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.

[20] "Background". University of Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 6 May 2013.

[21] "Alliance Française in Dar es Salaam". French Embassy in Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 13 May 2013.

[bbc-timeline-22] "Tanzania Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 9 July 2011. Retrieved 6 May 2013.

[FOOTNOTEPerullo2011-23] Perullo 2011.

[HeritageProject-24] "About the Archives", Tanzania Heritage Project: Reviving Tanzania's Reel-to-Reel Archives, 11 November 2010, retrieved 31 August 2015

[archnet-25] ArchNet. "Dar es Salaam". USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived from the original on 11 September 2011.

[Kalley1999-26] Jacqueline Audrey Kalley; et al., eds. (1999). Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30247-3.

[agakhan-27] Aga Khan Schools. "History of Aga Khan Education Services, Tanzania". Aga Khan Development Network. Retrieved 6 May 2013.

[28] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[29] "Where Tanzania Taps Its Feet", New York Times, 18 February 2014

[unhabitat2014-30] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f The State of African Cities 2014. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 10 September 2015. ISBN 978-92-1-132598-0. Archived from the original on 10 September 2014.

[31] "Archives, Libraries, Bibliographies, Book Dealers & Publishers on Africa". Virtual Libraries: African Studies. New York, USA: Columbia University Libraries. Retrieved 9 September 2014.

[32] "ASET". Dar es Salaam. Retrieved 6 May 2013.

[mehler2011-33] Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2011). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2010. Vol. 7. Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-20556-7.

[34] Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2012). "Tanzania". Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2011. Vol. 8. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 407–420. ISBN 978-90-04-24178-7.

[35] K. Hirschler and R. Hofmeier (2013). "Tanzania". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Vol. 9. Koninklijke Brill. p. 407+. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.

[36] "Table 8 – Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations

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v t e Dar es Salaam
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Districts	Ilala Kigamboni Kinondoni Temeke Ubungo
History	Kunduchi Ruins Kimbiji Ruins Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial House, Mzimuni 1998 United States embassy bombings
Education	Open University of Tanzania Shaaban Robert Secondary School International School of Tanganyika University of Dar es Salaam College of Education Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology College of Business Education
Transport	Julius Nyerere International Airport Bus rapid transit Commuter rail
Landmarks	National Museum of Tanzania Nyerere Bridge Uhuru Monument Askari Monument
National Parks	Dar es Salaam Marine Reserve Pande Game Reserve
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