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Towns County, Georgia

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Towns County
County
Towns County Courthouse in Hiawassee
Towns County Courthouse in Hiawassee
Map of Georgia highlighting Towns County
Location within the U.S. state of Georgia
Map of the United States highlighting Georgia
Georgia's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 34°55′N 83°44′W / 34.92°N 83.74°W / 34.92; -83.74
Country United States
State Georgia
Founded1856; 168 years ago (1856)
Named forGeorge W. Towns
SeatHiawassee
Largest cityYoung Harris
Area
 • Total
172 sq mi (450 km2)
 • Land167 sq mi (430 km2)
 • Water5.4 sq mi (14 km2)  3.2%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
12,493
 • Density75/sq mi (29/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district9th
Websitewww.townscountyga.com

Towns County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,493.[1] Its county seat is Hiawassee.[2] The county was created on March 6, 1856, and named for lawyer, legislator, and politician George W. Towns.[3]

History

[edit]

Towns County was traversed by a road built upon a traditional Cherokee trading path, the Unicoi Turnpike, which ran north to south through the county, passing through Unicoi Gap. It served as a line between European-American settlers and the Cherokee until after the Indian cessions and Indian Removal in the 1830s, when it fell solely into the hands of the whites. When the Cherokee were expelled by US forces from their villages, they were forced temporarily into "removal forts." One had been constructed in what is now Hiawassee. They were forced to travel what is known as the Trail of Tears to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. In the early 1700s, deerskins and furs were shipped along the Unicoi Turnpike from Tennessee to Savannah and Charleston for transport to Europe.[4] A United States fur trade factory was constructed in modern-day Hiawassee between 1807 and 1811.[5]

Hiawassee was settled by whites around 1820 and was designated seat of the newly formed Towns County in 1856. It was incorporated as a town in 1870 and as a city in 1916.[6] Young Harris College was founded in 1886.[7] The historic Towns County Jail was constructed in downtown Hiawassee circa 1935. The two-story stone building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Blue Ridge Mountain EMC, located in Young Harris, was founded in 1937. Lake Chatuge, an artificial reservoir, was created by the completion of Chatuge Dam by the Tennessee Valley Authority in 1942. The $27 million Brasstown Valley Resort was built on 503 acres east of Young Harris in 1995.[8] Fieldstone Inn on the shore of Lake Chatuge opened in June 1987.[9] A moon tree was planted in Towns County in 2024.[10]

Geography

[edit]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 172 square miles (450 km2), of which 167 square miles (430 km2) is land and 5.4 square miles (14 km2) (3.2%) is water.[11] Towns is mostly in the Hiwassee River sub-basin of the Middle Tennessee-Hiwassee basin, with a part of the county in the Tugaloo River sub-basin in the larger Savannah River basin, as well as a small portion of the county's southwestern corner in the Chattahoochee River sub-basin of the ACF River Basin (Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin),[12] near the source of the Chattahoochee in neighboring Union County. Towns County is inside the Bible Belt.

Towns County is located amidst the Blue Ridge Mountains, (part of the Appalachian Mountains), some of which are protected by the Chattahoochee National Forest. Brasstown Bald, the highest mountain in Georgia, rises in southwest Towns County, straddling the Union County line. The source of the Hiwassee River is located in eastern Towns County, from which it flows northward into North Carolina. Chatuge Lake dominates the northeastern section of Towns County and extends into North Carolina. It is the highest major lake in Georgia.[13] State Route 515 from north of Atlanta ends here at the North Carolina state line near Young Harris.

Major highways

[edit]

Adjacent counties

[edit]

National protected area

[edit]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18602,459—
18702,78013.1%
18803,26117.3%
18904,06424.6%
19004,74816.8%
19103,932−17.2%
19203,9370.1%
19304,34610.4%
19404,92513.3%
19504,803−2.5%
19604,538−5.5%
19704,5650.6%
19805,63823.5%
19906,75419.8%
20009,31938.0%
201010,47112.4%
202012,49319.3%
2023 (est.)13,035[14]4.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]
1790-1880[16] 1890-1910[17]
1920-1930[18] 1930-1940[19]
1940-1950[20] 1960-1980[21]
1980-2000[22] 2010[23]

2020 census

[edit]
Towns County racial composition[24]
Race Num. Perc.
White (non-Hispanic) 11,469 91.8%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 124 0.99%
Native American 28 0.22%
Asian 81 0.65%
Pacific Islander 3 0.02%
Other/Mixed 373 2.99%
Hispanic or Latino 415 3.32%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 12,493 people, 4,898 households, and 3,240 families residing in the county.

2010 census

[edit]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 10,471 people, 4,510 households, and 2,981 families living in the county.[25] The population density was 62.9 inhabitants per square mile (24.3/km2). There were 7,731 housing units at an average density of 46.4 units per square mile (17.9 units/km2).[26] The racial makeup of the county was 97.7% white, 0.4% black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.6% from other races, and 0.6% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 2.0% of the population.[25] In terms of ancestry, 16.3% were Irish, 15.4% were German, 13.8% were English, 11.7% were American, and 8.3% were Scotch-Irish.[27]

Of the 4,510 households, 20.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.9% were non-families, and 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.65. The median age was 51.1 years.[25]

The median income for a household in the county was $39,540 and the median income for a family was $48,020. Males had a median income of $31,668 versus $27,127 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,527. About 5.6% of families and 9.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.2% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.[28]

2000 census

[edit]

As of the census[29] of 2000, there were 9,319 people, 3,998 households, and 2,826 families living in the county. The population density was 56 people per square mile (22 people/km2). There were 6,282 housing units at an average density of 38 units per square mile (15 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 98.80% White, 0.13% Black or African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.18% from other races, and 0.41% from two or more races. 0.72% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,998 households, out of which 20.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.90% were married couples living together, 6.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.30% were non-families. 26.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.61.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 16.30% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 20.50% from 25 to 44, 28.30% from 45 to 64, and 25.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 49 years. For every 100 females there were 89.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,950, and the median income for a family was $37,295. Males had a median income of $28,657 versus $21,813 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,221. About 8.80% of families and 11.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.60% of those under age 18 and 10.40% of those age 65 or over.

Ethnicity

[edit]

As of 2016 the largest self-reported ancestry groups in Towns County were:[30]

  • English - 15.2%
  • German - 15.1%
  • American - 14.7%
  • Irish - 13.3%
  • Scottish - 5.2%
  • Scots-Irish - 3.6%
  • Italian - 3.4%
  • French - 3.4%
  • Swedish - 1.8%
  • Polish - 1.7%
  • Welsh - 1.6%
  • Dutch - 1.6%

Government

[edit]

Towns County's Sole Commissioner is Cliff Bradshaw, who has served since 2017.[31]

As of December 16, 2023, Towns County's Sheriff is Kenneth Henderson.[32]

Towns County's Judge of Magistrate and Probate Court is D. David Rogers, who was elected in 2008. The Towns County Probate and Magistrate Courts are combined with a single judge presiding over both Courts. This combination court is one of very few in the State of Georgia (Long County is another example).[undue weight? – discuss]

Politics

[edit]

Towns County is an outlier in Presidential politics in Georgia. Lifelong Georgian Jimmy Carter was the last Democrat to carry the county; the last one to get over 40% of the vote was Bill Clinton in 1992, but George H. W. Bush won a plurality, unlike in many other counties where Clinton was the only candidate to come in over 40%. Towns is also one of only eight counties in Georgia where George Wallace came in third in 1968. This reflects Towns' highland, Unionist character as opposed to a Black Belt county.

United States presidential election results for Towns County, Georgia[33]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 6,384 80.01% 1,550 19.43% 45 0.56%
2016 5,383 79.16% 1,210 17.79% 207 3.04%
2012 4,876 78.09% 1,273 20.39% 95 1.52%
2008 4,292 74.46% 1,391 24.13% 81 1.41%
2004 3,823 72.34% 1,430 27.06% 32 0.61%
2000 2,902 64.53% 1,495 33.24% 100 2.22%
1996 2,030 48.58% 1,664 39.82% 485 11.61%
1992 1,674 45.19% 1,487 40.15% 543 14.66%
1988 1,783 65.12% 942 34.40% 13 0.47%
1984 1,960 66.06% 1,007 33.94% 0 0.00%
1980 1,475 48.12% 1,510 49.27% 80 2.61%
1976 1,175 39.68% 1,786 60.32% 0 0.00%
1972 1,573 79.56% 404 20.44% 0 0.00%
1968 1,492 52.33% 770 27.01% 589 20.66%
1964 1,140 46.88% 1,289 53.00% 3 0.12%
1960 1,272 54.73% 1,052 45.27% 0 0.00%
1956 1,096 55.33% 885 44.67% 0 0.00%
1952 983 46.94% 1,111 53.06% 0 0.00%
1948 302 36.65% 516 62.62% 6 0.73%
1944 674 37.22% 1,137 62.78% 0 0.00%
1940 830 48.14% 894 51.86% 0 0.00%
1936 732 48.96% 763 51.04% 0 0.00%
1932 790 51.57% 742 48.43% 0 0.00%
1928 857 62.37% 517 37.63% 0 0.00%
1924 765 55.76% 604 44.02% 3 0.22%
1920 398 60.86% 256 39.14% 0 0.00%
1916 481 56.92% 358 42.37% 6 0.71%
1912 89 16.95% 230 43.81% 206 39.24%

Education

[edit]
Towns County's public schools are located on a unified campus east of Hiawassee

Towns County School District

[edit]

Towns County School District offers pre-school to grade twelve on a unified campus. One elementary school, middle school and high school share the same grounds east of Hiawassee.[34] The district has over 2,408 students and 144 full-time teachers.[35]

Young Harris College

[edit]

Higher education is offered at Young Harris College in Young Harris. The private Methodist-affiliated liberal arts college was founded in 1886 and served 1,425 undergraduate students as of 2020.[36][37] It offers degrees in more than 30 majors and 22 minors.[38]

Media

[edit]

The Towns County Herald newspaper has been published weekly in Hiawassee since 1928.[39] It was preceded by The Young Harris News which was first published around 1900.[40]

Communities

[edit]
Aerial photo of Hiawassee

Cities

[edit]

Census-designated place

[edit]

Notable natives

[edit]
  • Zell Miller – former Georgia governor and U.S. senator.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Census - Geography Profile: Towns County, Georgia". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ Krakow, Kenneth K. (1975). Georgia Place-Names: Their History and Origins (PDF). Macon, GA: Winship Press. p. 230. ISBN 0-915430-00-2. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 17, 2003.
  4. ^ "Unicoi Turnpike Trail | Tennessee River Valley". tennesseerivervalleygeotourism.org.
  5. ^ Wesley, Edgar Bruce (1935). Guarding the frontier. The University of Minnesota Press, p. 38.
  6. ^ Hellmann, Paul T. (May 13, 2013). Historical Gazetteer of the United States. Routledge. p. 233. ISBN 978-1135948597. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
  7. ^ "History". Young Harris College. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
  8. ^ "About & History". CoralCollection.com. Coral Collection. Retrieved August 23, 2023.
  9. ^ Clements, Louise (February 12, 1987). "Lake Chatuge's first expansive inn". Clay County Progress. Hayesville, NC. p. 1.
  10. ^ "'Moon Tree' planted on campus". Cherokee Scout. Murphy, NC: Community Newspapers Inc. November 13, 2024. p. 8B.
  11. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  12. ^ "Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission Interactive Mapping Experience". Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
  13. ^ "Lake Chatuge Vacation Info - Lakelubbers". Lakelubbers. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
  14. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 31, 2024.
  15. ^ "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades". United States Census Bureau.
  16. ^ "1880 Census Population by Counties 1790-1800" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1880.
  17. ^ "1910 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1910.
  18. ^ "1930 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1930.
  19. ^ "1940 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1940.
  20. ^ "1950 Census of Population - Georgia -" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1950.
  21. ^ "1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 1980.
  22. ^ "2000 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Georgia" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 2000.
  23. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on March 1, 2016. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
  24. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
  25. ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  26. ^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  27. ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  28. ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  29. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  30. ^ Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". Factfinder.census.gov. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2018. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  31. ^ The man in the driver’s seat of Towns County Archived May 12, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Hiawassee River Watershed Coalition
  32. ^ Eller, Austin (February 17, 2023). "Towns County Sheriff, Hiawassee Police Department dispute over recent police chase". AccessWDUN.com. Retrieved December 16, 2023.
  33. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  34. ^ Georgia Board of Education[permanent dead link‍], Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  35. ^ School Stats, Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  36. ^ "A History of YHC" Young Harris College website
  37. ^ "About YHC: Quick Facts" Young Harris College website
  38. ^ "Young Harris College". U.S. News & World Report. 2017.
  39. ^ "Towns County Herald (Hiawassee, Towns County, Ga.) 1928-Current". Directory of U.S. Newspapers in American Libraries. Library of Congress. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
  40. ^ "The Young Harris news. (Young Harris, Ga.) 18??-19??". Georgia Historic Newspapers. Digital Library of Georgia. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
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34°55′N 83°44′W / 34.92°N 83.74°W / 34.92; -83.74

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