Having been first listed on the Forbes Billionaires List in 2012,[4] around 75% of Musk's wealth was derived from Tesla stock in November 2020.[5] Describing himself as "cash poor",[6][7] a year later, he became the first person in the world to have a net worth above $300 billion. By December 2024, he became the first person to reach a net worth of $400 billion.[8]
Elon Musk made $175.8 million when PayPal was sold to eBay in October 2002.[9] He was first listed on the Forbes Billionaires List in 2012, with a net worth of $2 billion.[4]
Musk paid $455 million in taxes on $1.52 billion of income between 2014 and 2018.[10] According to ProPublica, Musk paid no federal income taxes in 2018.[11] He stated his 2021 tax bill was estimated at $12 billion based on his sale of $14 billion worth of Tesla stock.[10]
Musk has repeatedly described himself as "cash poor",[6][7] and has "professed to have little interest in the material trappings of wealth".[6] In May 2020, he pledged to sell almost all physical possessions.[7] Musk has defended his wealth by saying he is accumulating resources for humanity's outward expansion to space.[12]
At the start of 2020, Elon Musk had a net worth of $27 billion.[13] By the end of the year his net worth had increased by $150 billion, mostly driven by his ownership of around 20% of Tesla stock.[14] During this period, Musk's net worth was often volatile. For example, it dropped $16.3 billion on September 8, the largest single-day plunge in Bloomberg Billionaires Index's history at the time.[15] In November of that year, Musk passed Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg to become the third-richest person in the world; a week later he passed Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates to become the second-richest.[5]
In January 2021, Musk, with a net worth of $185 billion, surpassed Amazon founder Jeff Bezos to become the richest person in the world.[16] Bezos reclaimed the top spot the following month.[17] On September 27, 2021, after Tesla stock surged, Forbes announced that Musk had a net worth of over $200 billion,[18] and was the richest person in the world. In November 2021, Musk became the first person to have a net worth of more than $300 billion.[19]
On December 30, 2022, due to declining stock values in Tesla, Musk had lost $200 billion from his net worth, the first person in history to do so,[20][21] which was recognized by Guinness World Records in January 2023.[22]
Musk's net worth surged after the 2024 United States presidential election, and in December 2024, he became the first person to have a net worth of more than $400 billion.[8]
Musk's association with the Trump administration received backlash, resulting in his net worth dropping by $126 billion between December 2024 and March 2025.[24]
Around 75% of Musk's wealth was derived from Tesla stock in November 2020,[5] a proportion that fell to about 37% as of December 2022,[a] after selling nearly $40 billion in company shares since late 2021.[25] Musk does not receive a salary from Tesla; he agreed with the board in 2018 to a compensation plan that ties his personal earnings to Tesla's valuation and revenue.[14] The deal stipulated that Musk only received the compensation if Tesla reached certain market values.[26] It was the largest such deal ever done between a CEO and a company board.[27] In the first award, given in May 2020, he was eligible to purchase 1.69 million Tesla shares (about 1% of the company) at below-market prices, which was worth about $800 million.[27][26]
In January 2024, Delaware Judge Kathaleen McCormick ruled in a 2018 lawsuit that Musk's $55 billion pay package from Tesla be rescinded.[28] McCormick called the compensation granted by the company's board "an unfathomable sum" that was unfair to shareholders. In response to the ruling, Musk posted on X: "Never incorporate your company in the state of Delaware."[29] A re-ratification shareholders' vote passed in mid-June 2024, although much follow-up litigation is expected, including a lawsuit filed by a Tesla investor beforehand that alleged Musk employed "coercive tactics" to move the vote in his favor.[30]
Musk has asserted that declining birth rates pose an existential threat to humanity and in 2021 donated $10 million to the University of Texas at Austin to research the potential risks.[34][35]
In January 2015 Musk donated $10 million to the nonprofit Future of Life Institute, an organization focused on challenges posed by advanced technologies.[38]