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Whangārei Heads

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 10 min

Whangārei Heads
Mt Aubrey viewed across McLeod Bay
Mt Aubrey viewed across McLeod Bay
Map
Coordinates: 35°49′2″S 174°30′14″E / 35.81722°S 174.50389°E / -35.81722; 174.50389
CountryNew Zealand
RegionNorthland Region
DistrictWhangārei District
WardWhangarei Heads Ward
Electorates
Government
 • Territorial AuthorityWhangarei District Council
 • Regional councilNorthland Regional Council
 • Mayor of WhangāreiVince Cocurullo
 • Whangārei MPShane Reti
 • Te Tai Tokerau MPMariameno Kapa-Kingi
Area
[1]
 • Total
5.16 km2 (1.99 sq mi)
Population
 (June 2024)[2]
 • Total
1,130
 • Density220/km2 (570/sq mi)

Whangārei Heads is a locality and volcanic promontory on the northern side of the Whangārei Harbour in Northland, New Zealand. Whangārei is 29 km (18 mi) to the north-west, and Ocean Beach is 8 km (5.0 mi) to the south-east, with Taurikura between the two. Mount Manaia rises to 420 metres (1,380 feet) to the east.[3][4]

Immediately to the west is McLeod Bay, which is about 2 km (1.2 mi) long. The McDonald sandbank lies a few metres offshore at low tide. The promontory to the south of the settlement consists of a hill, Mount Aubrey, and a small gravel beach about 200 metres wide, Reotahi Bay.[5]

Geology

[edit]

The heads contain the remnants of a number of extinct volcanoes with the dominant rocks being andesite or dacite. They were formed between 16 and 22 million years ago during the early Miocene.[6] They are part of a 50 km2 (19 sq mi) stratovolcano that extended to the Hen and Chickens Islands.[7]

History

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Gilbert Mair purchased the entire peninsula - everything south of a line running from McLeod Bay to the Pacific Coast, about 10,000 acres (40 km2) – from the Māori chief Te Tao, in 1839. He intended to resell it to Captain Bernard, but the latter was lost with his ship. The chief Te Tirarau claimed compensation of three horses because his ancestor had had blood spilt on the land, but settled for two horses in 1844. The government review of the land purchase in 1844 awarded Mair only 414 acres (1.7 km2), but Mair had sold his interest in the land to Logan Campbell.[8] Campbell pursued his claim to the remainder of the land.

A group of settlers from Nova Scotia, led by the Rev. Norman McLeod, settled at McLeod Bay in about 1855 although the ownership of the land had not been settled. In 1861, Campbell received the right to buy 1,800 acres (10 km2) at 10/- an acre, and was granted 910 acres (3.7 km2) which he sold to the Nova Scotians.[9]

On 8 February 1907 a tugboat named Awarua, belonging to the Devonport Steam Ferry Company, struck an uncharted rock and sunk near the Whangārei Heads. She left for Kauri Mount to pick up logs to be delivered to Auckland. The ship was built in Blackwall, England in 1884 and weighed 159 tons. The crew all survived.[10][11]

Demographics

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Statistics New Zealand describes Whangārei Heads as a rural settlement. The settlement covers 5.16 km2 (1.99 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 1,130 as of June 2024,[2] with a population density of 219 people per km2. The settlement is part of the larger Bream Head statistical area.

Historical population for Whangārei Heads
YearPop.±% p.a.
2006723—    
2013762+0.75%
2018963+4.79%
2023948−0.31%
Source: [12][13]

Whangārei Heads had a population of 948 in the 2023 New Zealand census, a decrease of 15 people (−1.6%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 186 people (24.4%) since the 2013 census. There were 465 males and 483 females in 414 dwellings.[14] 2.2% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. The median age was 53.2 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 171 people (18.0%) aged under 15 years, 72 (7.6%) aged 15 to 29, 411 (43.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 294 (31.0%) aged 65 or older.[13]

People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 94.9% European (Pākehā); 10.4% Māori; 1.3% Pasifika; 2.2% Asian; 0.6% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 1.9% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 98.1%, Māori language by 1.3%, and other languages by 6.0%. No language could be spoken by 1.6% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.6%. The percentage of people born overseas was 20.6, compared with 28.8% nationally.

Religious affiliations were 25.0% Christian, 0.3% Hindu, 0.6% Māori religious beliefs, 0.3% Buddhist, 0.3% New Age, and 0.9% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 65.8%, and 7.0% of people did not answer the census question.

Of those at least 15 years old, 177 (22.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 399 (51.4%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 141 (18.1%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $35,700, compared with $41,500 nationally. 96 people (12.4%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 303 (39.0%) people were employed full-time, 129 (16.6%) were part-time, and 18 (2.3%) were unemployed.[13]

Bream Head statistical area

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Bream Head statistical area covers 52.18 km2 (20.15 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 1,630 as of June 2024,[15] with a population density of 31 people per km2.

Historical population for Bream Head
YearPop.±% p.a.
20061,062—    
20131,110+0.63%
20181,392+4.63%
20231,431+0.55%
Source: [16][17]

Bream Head had a population of 1,431 in the 2023 New Zealand census, an increase of 39 people (2.8%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 321 people (28.9%) since the 2013 census. There were 708 males and 720 females in 615 dwellings.[18] 2.9% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. The median age was 53.0 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 264 people (18.4%) aged under 15 years, 114 (8.0%) aged 15 to 29, 633 (44.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 423 (29.6%) aged 65 or older.[17]

People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 95.0% European (Pākehā); 12.8% Māori; 2.3% Pasifika; 1.9% Asian; 0.6% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 2.1% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 98.1%, Māori language by 1.5%, and other languages by 6.3%. No language could be spoken by 1.5% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.6%. The percentage of people born overseas was 20.8, compared with 28.8% nationally.

Religious affiliations were 22.4% Christian, 0.2% Hindu, 0.4% Māori religious beliefs, 0.4% Buddhist, 0.4% New Age, and 0.8% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 68.1%, and 7.1% of people did not answer the census question.

Of those at least 15 years old, 267 (22.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 612 (52.4%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 210 (18.0%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $36,400, compared with $41,500 nationally. 141 people (12.1%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 456 (39.1%) people were employed full-time, 207 (17.7%) were part-time, and 24 (2.1%) were unemployed.[17]

Education

[edit]

Whangarei Heads School is a coeducational full primary (years 1–8) school with a roll of 161 students as of August 2024.[19][20] The school was established in 1858, and is the second oldest school still in operation on its original site in the country.[21]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Aotearoa Data Explorer". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  3. ^ Peter Dowling, ed. (2004). Reed New Zealand Atlas. Reed Books. map 8. ISBN 0-7900-0952-8.
  4. ^ Smith, Roger (2005). The Geographic Atlas of New Zealand. Robbie Burton. map 28. ISBN 1-877333-20-4.
  5. ^ Parkes, W. F. (1992). Guide to Whangarei City and District. Whangarei, N.Z.: Printed, published and distributed by Rossiter Printing. pp. 29–31. ISBN 0-473-01639-7.
  6. ^ Booden, Mathijs A.; Smith, Ian E.M.; Black, Philippa M.; Mauk, Jeffrey L. (2011). "Geochemistry of the Early Miocene volcanic succession of Northland, New Zealand, and implications for the evolution of subduction in the Southwest Pacific". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 199 (1–2): 25–37. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.10.006. ISSN 0377-0273.
  7. ^ Hayward, Bruce; Smith, Ian (2002). "Field Trip 3-5: Introduction to Whangarei geology" (PDF). In Smith, Vicki; Grenfell, Hugh (eds.). Field Trip Guides, GSNZ Annual Conference "Northland 2002". Geological Society of NZ Miscellaneous Publication 112B. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 June 2006. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  8. ^ Pickmere, Nancy Preece (1986). Whangarei: The Founding Years. pp. 26–27.
  9. ^ Pickmere, pp. 76–77.
  10. ^ "WRECK OF THE AWARUA". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 9 February 1907. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  11. ^ "A TUG-BOAT LOST". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 9 February 1907. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  12. ^ "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. 7000938–7000939 and 7000941–7000946.
  13. ^ a b c "Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses". Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Whangārei Heads (1051). Retrieved 3 October 2024.
  14. ^ "Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses". Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
  15. ^ "Aotearoa Data Explorer". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  16. ^ "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Bream Head (108900). 2018 Census place summary: Bream Head
  17. ^ a b c "Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses". Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Bream Head (108900). Retrieved 3 October 2024.
  18. ^ "Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses". Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
  19. ^ "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
  20. ^ Education Counts: Whangarei Heads School
  21. ^ "Whangarei Heads 150th Jubilee – Funding Application". Whangarei District Council. 20 November 2006.
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