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World Chess Championship 2024

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 21 min
World Chess Championship 2024
Resorts World Sentosa, Singapore
25 November – 13 December 2024
 
Defending champion

Challenger
 
  China Ding Liren India Gukesh Dommaraju
 
1½Scores½
Game 11← 42 moves0
Game 2½23 move draw½
  Born 24 October 1992
32 years old		 Born 29 May 2006
18 years old
  Winner of the World Chess Championship 2023 Winner of the Candidates Tournament 2024
  Rating: 2728
(World No. 23)		 Rating: 2783
(World No. 5)
← 2023
2026 →

The World Chess Championship 2024, officially known as the World Chess Championship 2024 presented by Google,[1][2] is an ongoing chess match between the reigning world champion Ding Liren and the challenger Gukesh Dommaraju to determine the World Chess Champion. The match is currently taking place between 25 November and 13 December 2024, with Singapore chosen as the host country for the match. It will be played to a best of 14 games, with tiebreaks if required.[3]

Ding won the first game with black pieces and is presently leading the championship, 1½–½.

Ding Liren won the 2023 World Chess Championship defeating Ian Nepomniachtchi, after then reigning Champion Magnus Carlsen declined to defend his title. Gukesh won the eight-player Candidates Tournament held in April 2024 to win the right to challenge Ding for the World Championship. Before the start of the match, Gukesh was ranked fifth in the FIDE rankings with an Elo rating of 2783 while Ding was ranked 23rd with an Elo rating of 2728.

Defending champion

[edit]

Ding Liren became World Chess Champion in April 2023, after defeating Ian Nepomniachtchi in the 2023 championship match.[4] After acquiring the title, Ding did not appear in professional tournaments for months, an absence which Ding later revealed in interviews to be due to fatigue and depression.[5][6] Ding withdrew from tournaments including the 2023 Asian Games and did not enter the first four events of the 2024 Grand Chess Tour. He returned to classical chess in January 2024 at the 2024 Tata Steel Chess Tournament and announced that he still intended to defend his world champion title.[7]

Ding's return to chess marked a rough stretch of form, with a set of poor performances at this year's Tata Steel Masters, Norway Chess, and the Grenke Chess Classic.[8] Ding's rating fell from 2788 (at the time of the World Chess Championship 2023) to 2728, while his world ranking fell from world number 3 to world number 23. His poor results led several chess grandmasters to express concern of Ding's overall ability to defend his world championship title, notably Fabiano Caruana, Magnus Carlsen and Hikaru Nakamura.[9][10][11] However, whilst acknowledging Ding's weakened physical condition during the 2024 Sinquefield Cup, Anish Giri highlighted Ding's improved chess level during the first half of the tournament.[12] Ding's opponent in the 2023 match, Ian Nepomniachtchi, also remarked on Caruana's podcast that Ding would be a clear favorite if he was in prime form.[13]

Reflecting on his poor form in an interview during the 45th Chess Olympiad, Ding admitted that Gukesh is "playing extremely well in this tournament. Maybe he is a favourite in the World Championship Match. He also has a higher rating than me". Albeit, Ding remarked that he has "dropped a lot since last year, but I will fight my best to try to overcome the rating difference".[14]

Candidates Tournament

[edit]
Main article: Candidates Tournament 2024

The challenger, Gukesh Dommaraju, qualified by winning the Candidates Tournament 2024 in Toronto, Canada, which was an eight-player double round-robin tournament.[15][16] It took place from April 3 to April 22, 2024.[17][18] Fabiano Caruana won the 2023 FIDE Circuit, but had already qualified for the Candidates through the Chess World Cup 2023. Hence, Gukesh qualified for the Candidates via the FIDE Circuit, after overtaking Anish Giri with a win at the Chennai Grand Masters tournament.[19]

The eight players who competed were:[20][21][22]

Qualification method Player Age Rating World
ranking
(April 2024)
2023 World Championship runner-up FIDE Ian Nepomniachtchi[a] 33 2758 7
The top three finishers in the Chess World Cup 2023[b] Norway Magnus Carlsen (winner, withdrew) 33 2830 1
India R Praggnanandhaa (runner-up) 18 2747 14
United States Fabiano Caruana (third place) 31 2803 2
Azerbaijan Nijat Abasov (fourth place, replacement for Carlsen) 28 2632 114
The top two finishers in the FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament 2023 India Vidit Gujrathi (winner) 29 2727 25
United States Hikaru Nakamura (runner-up) 36 2789 3
Highest place in the 2023 FIDE Circuit not already qualified[c] India Gukesh Dommaraju 17 2743 16
Highest rating for January 2024 not already qualified[d] France Alireza Firouzja 20 2760 6

Results

[edit]
Standings of the 2024 Candidates Tournament
Rank Player
 Score SB Wins Qualification GD HN IN FC RP VG AF NA
1  Gukesh Dommaraju (IND) 9 / 14 57 5 Advance to title match ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 1 0 1 1
2[e]  Hikaru Nakamura (USA) 8.5 / 14 56 5 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 0 0 1 1 1 ½
3[e]  Ian Nepomniachtchi (FIDE) 8.5 / 14 56 3 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ ½ ½
4[f]  Fabiano Caruana (USA) 8.5 / 14 54 4 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½
5  R Praggnanandhaa (IND) 7 / 14 42.5 3 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1
6  Vidit Gujrathi (IND) 6 / 14 40.25 3 0 ½ 1 1 0 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½
7  Alireza Firouzja (FRA) 5 / 14 32.75 2 1 0 0 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 1 ½
8  Nijat Abasov (AZE) 3.5 / 14 25.5 0 0 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 0
Source: [26]

Tie-breakers for first place: (1) results in tie-break games for first place;

Tie-breakers for non-first place: (1) results in tie-break games for first place, if any; (2) Sonneborn–Berger score (SB); (3) total number of wins; (4) head-to-head score among tied players; (5) drawing of lots.[27]

Note: Numbers in the crosstable in a white background indicate the result playing the respective opponent with the white pieces (black pieces if on a black background). This does not give information which of the two games was played in the first half of the tournament, and which in the second.

Championship match

[edit]

Organisation

[edit]

Bids were originally to be presented to FIDE no later than 31 May 2024.[28] Early interest was expressed in June 2023 by Argentina, India, and Singapore.[29]

In June 2024, FIDE CEO Emil Sutovsky announced that FIDE had received three bids to host the championship, two from India (Chennai and New Delhi), and one from Singapore.[30][31] In July 2024, FIDE announced that the match would take place in Singapore from 20 November to 15 December 2024, with four venues being considered.[32][33] Ultimately, the Singapore Chess Federation revealed that the Equarius Hotel at Resorts World Sentosa was chosen as the venue to host the world championship match.[34]

The prize fund allocated for the event is US$2.5 million.[35] Each player receives US$200,000 for each game won (including forfeits), and the remainder of the money is split equally. If there is a tiebreak, however, the winner will receive US$1.3 million and the loser will receive US$1.2 million. That will also be the distribution if the final score is 7½–6½ with 13 decisive games or 8–6 with 14 decisive games.[36]

The first move of each classical game was ceremonially performed by guests invited by the organisers:

Game Guest
1 Demis Hassabis Co-founder of Google DeepMind and 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry winner.[37]
2 Tan Lian Ann / Lim Kok Ann[g] Singaporean chess master / Singaporean chess player and microbiologist.[38]

Match regulations

[edit]

The regulations and format of the world championship are slightly different from the 2023 edition.[36]

The time control for each game in the classical portion of the match is 120 minutes per side for the first 40 moves and 30 minutes for the rest of the game, with a 30-second increment per move starting with move 41.

The match will be best of 14 games; a score of at least 7½ would win the world championship. If the score is equal after 14 games, tiebreak games with faster time controls will be played:

  • A match consisting of 4 rapid games with 15 minutes per side and a 10-second increment starting with move 1 would be played. If a player scores 2½ points or more, he would win the championship.
  • If the score is still equal, a mini-match of two rapid games would be played, with 10 minutes per side and a 5-second increment starting with move 1. If a player scored 1½ points or more, he would win the championship.
  • If the score is equal after the rapid portion, a mini-match of two blitz games would be played, with a time control of 3 minutes per side and a 2-second increment starting with move 1. If a player scored 1½ points or more, he would win the championship. A drawing of lots would take place before each mini-match to decide which player plays with the white pieces.
  • If the blitz mini-match is tied, a single blitz game with a time control of 3 minutes per side and a 2-second increment starting with move 1 would be played, and the winner would win the championship. A drawing of lots would decide which player plays with the white pieces. If this game was drawn, another blitz game with reversed colours would be played with the same time control, and the winner would win the championship. This process is repeated until either player wins a game.

Players are not allowed to agree to a draw before Black's 40th move. A draw claim before then is only permitted if a threefold repetition or stalemate has occurred.[39]

Previous head-to-head record

[edit]
Ding (left) and Gukesh (right) during the 2023 Tata Steel Chess Tournament.

Prior to the match, Ding and Gukesh have played against each other three times at classical time controls. Ding won two games with the black pieces during the 2023 and 2024 editions of the Tata Steel Chess Tournament,[40][41] whilst their most recent pre-championship game during the 2024 Sinquefield Cup resulted in a draw.[42]

Head-to-head record[43]
Ding wins Draw Gukesh wins Total
Classical Ding (White) – Gukesh (Black) 0 1 0 1
Gukesh (White) – Ding (Black) 2 0 0 2
Total 2 1 0 3
Blitz / rapid / exhibition 0 1 1 2
Total 2 2 1 5

A poll of various grandmasters before the match began found Gukesh a substantial favorite, mainly because of Ding's poor form over the past couple of months.[44] In an October 2024 interview, Gukesh commented that he generally did not "believe in predictions and who are the favorites", and stated that he tried to "be at [his] best every day and play a good game".[45]

Seconds

[edit]

Before the match, Gukesh specified that he is working with Grzegorz Gajewski, who was also his second during the 2024 Candidates Tournament.[45][46] Ding Liren is working with Richárd Rapport,[47] who was his main second in the 2023 championship.[48]

Schedule

[edit]

The games begin at 17:00 local time (SGT), which is 14:30 (IST) & 09:00 UTC.[36]

Colours were drawn at the opening ceremony. Gukesh received the white pieces for the first game.[49] Colours alternate thereafter, with no switching at the halfway point.[36]

If the match ends in less than fourteen games, then the closing ceremony may be moved forward.[36][50]

Results

[edit]
This section uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.
World Chess Championship 2024
Rating Match games Points
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
 Gukesh Dommaraju (IND) 2783 0 ½ ½
 Ding Liren (CHN) 2728 1 ½ 1½

Classical games

[edit]

Game 1: Gukesh–Ding, 0–1

[edit]
Gukesh–Ding, game 1
abcdefgh
8
c8 black rook
e8 black king
h8 black rook
b7 black pawn
d7 black bishop
e7 black bishop
f7 black pawn
g7 black pawn
h7 black pawn
e6 black pawn
d5 black pawn
e5 white pawn
f5 white pawn
b4 white pawn
d4 white knight
g4 white pawn
a3 black pawn
c3 white pawn
d3 black queen
e3 white queen
a2 white pawn
b2 black knight
f2 white bishop
g2 white bishop
h2 white pawn
c1 white rook
f1 white rook
g1 white king
8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
abcdefgh
Position after 21...Qd3. Gukesh had planned 22.Qf4, before noticing that this move allows 22...g5! 23.Qg3 Qxg3 24.Bxg3 0-0 intending ...Bd8–b6, giving Black the better endgame. Nonetheless, this was still preferable to Gukesh's 22.Qe1? Although this move defends the c3-pawn, White's passive pieces leads to an overwhelming advantage for Black.[51]

The first game of the match, a 42-move win for Ding, was played on 25 November. Ding surprised observers by playing the combative French Defense, an uncommon opening at top level but an opening that he had last played in game 7 of the World Chess Championship 2023 against Ian Nepomniachtchi.[52] He then spent 28 minutes thinking on move seven while in a still relatively well-known position. Meanwhile, Gukesh was still in his preparation, blitzing out the attacking novelty 10.g4!? Ding's 10...Qa5, however, took Gukesh out of his preparation as Xie Jun believed "That they haven't played this line before. They analyzed, they prepared, and they probably knew the plans, but this is the first time they gave it on the board. It's a very complicated position – the way they played is a little bit out of control."[37]

Down on the clock in a complicated middlegame, Ding quickly spotted 18...Nb2! with queenside play, putting pressure on both Gukesh's position and his clock. With Ding's pieces infiltrating his position, Gukesh faltered with 22.Qe1? and his position crumbled. Ding made a slight inaccuracy with 27...fxe6?! (correct was 27...Bxe6!), giving Gukesh an opportunity to salvage the game, but although Gukesh spotted the idea, he executed incorrectly. Ding made no further errors and converted his advantage to a win, his first in classical chess since he defeated Max Warmerdam in January during the Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2024.[37][51] This also marked the first time in 14 years that a win was registered in Game 1, after Veselin Topalov defeated Viswanathan Anand with the white pieces during the World Chess Championship 2010.[53]

At the post-game press conference, Ding was elated with his performance, stating, "Well, of course I feel very good—I haven’t won a single classical game for a long time and I managed to do that!" Gukesh on the other hand remarked, "It was just a tactical oversight by me. It can happen, it’s a long match, and about my opponent’s form, I think I expected nothing else. I expected the best version of him, and we have a long match ahead, so it’s only more exciting now!"[51]

French Defence, Steinitz Variation (ECO C11)
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e5 Nfd7 5. f4 c5 6. Nce2 Nc6 7. c3 a5 8. Nf3 a4 9. Be3 Be7 10. g4 Qa5 11. Bg2 a3 12. b3 cxd4 13. b4 Qc7 14. Nexd4 Nb6 15. 0-0 Nc4 16. Bf2 Bd7 17. Qe2 Nxd4 18. Nxd4 Nb2 19. Qe3 Rc8 20. Rac1 Qc4 21. f5 Qd3 (diagram) 22. Qe1 Bg5 23. Rc2 Rc4 24. h4 Bf4 25. Qb1 Rxc3 26. Rxc3 Qxc3 27. fxe6 fxe6 28. Ne2 Qxe5 29. Nxf4 Qxf4 30. Qc2 Qc4 31. Qd2 0-0 32. Bd4 Nd3 33. Qe3 Rxf1+ 34. Bxf1 e5 35. Bxe5 Qxg4+ 36. Bg2 Bf5 37. Bg3 Be4 38. Kh2 h6 39. Bh3 Qd1 40. Bd6 Qc2+ 41. Kg3 Qxa2 42. Be6+ Kh8 0–1

Game 2: Ding–Gukesh, ½–½

[edit]
Ding–Gukesh, game 2
abcdefgh
8
a8 black rook
d8 black queen
e8 black king
h8 black rook
b7 black pawn
c7 black pawn
f7 black pawn
g7 black pawn
a6 black pawn
c6 black knight
d6 black pawn
f6 black knight
h6 black pawn
a5 white pawn
c5 black bishop
e5 black pawn
c4 white pawn
e4 white pawn
c3 white knight
e3 white bishop
f3 white knight
b2 white pawn
c2 white pawn
f2 white pawn
g2 white pawn
h2 white pawn
a1 white rook
d1 white queen
f1 white rook
g1 white king
8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
abcdefgh
Position after 10.dxc4. Gukesh is able to win material with 10...Bb4!? 11.Nd5 Nxe4, when 12.Qd3! Nc5 13.Qf5 Ne6 leads to complicated play. Gukesh also had the option to play 10...Bxe3, doubling and isolating White's pawns on the e-file, leading to a balanced but nuanced position. Ding's previous World Championship opponent, Ian Nepomniachtchi, expected the latter and was surprised Gukesh opted for 10...0-0.[54]

The second game of the match, a 23-move draw, was played on 26 November. After Ding opted for the traditional Giuoco Pianissimo, commentator David Howell expressed surprise at the choice of 1.e4, noting that "He rarely employs the king's pawn openings until the last few months, when he has been experimenting a bit with it – he doesn't seem like a natural e4 player to me, but here we are!"[38] Ding chose a quiet line, but offered Gukesh complicated play with 10.dxc4, inviting 10...Bb4!?. Aware that he was facing preparation, Gukesh declined. In a balanced position, Ding had a slight opportunity to play on with 20.h4, creating less space for his opponent, but the position would have remained even. Ding instead chose to repeat moves, resulting in a draw.[54]

At the post-game press conference, Gukesh stated, "This early, with Black, was nowhere close to a must-win. I was never going to do anything stupid." Ding made comments to the same effect, remarking that "I was feeling a little up and down. I was slightly worse in the middle game. I thought I had misplayed."[55]

Italian Game, Giuoco Pianissimo (ECO C50)
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. d3 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. a4 d6 7. 0-0 h6 8. Be3 Be6 9. a5 Bxc4 10. dxc4 (diagram) 0-0 11. Bxc5 dxc5 12. b3 Qxd1 13. Rfxd1 Rad8 14. Rdc1 Nd4 15. Ne1 Rd6 16. Kf1 g6 17. Rd1 Rfd8 18. f3 Kg7 19. Kf2 h5 20. Ne2 Nc6 21. Nc3 Nd4 22. Ne2 Nc6 23. Nc3 Nd4 ½–½

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Russian players' flags are displayed as the FIDE flag, as Russian and Belarusian flags have been banned from FIDE-rated events in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[23]
  2. ^ The regulations stated that it would be the top three finishers other than Ding and Nepomniachtchi. (And that if both finished in the top four of the World Cup, then the World Cup qualifiers would be the other two players in the top four; and two players with the highest rating in the January 2024 ranking list would qualify for the event instead of one). However neither of these players reached the World Cup semifinals: Ding elected not to play, and Nepomniachtchi lost in the fifth round.
  3. ^ Fabiano Caruana finished first in the 2023 FIDE Circuit, but had already qualified for the Candidates through a third place finish at the Chess World Cup 2023. As a result, the qualifying spot was awarded to the highest finisher of the FIDE Circuit who had not already qualified for the event (Gukesh Dommaraju).[24][25]
  4. ^ Provided the player has played at least 4 classical time control tournaments eligible for the 2023 FIDE Circuit.
  5. ^ a b SB scores, total numbers of wins
  6. ^ SB scores
  7. ^ As Lim Kok Ann passed away in 2003, his daughter Stella Kon made the first move for black in his place.

References

[edit]
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  52. ^ "World Chess Championship: How Ding Liren shocked Gukesh with black pieces in the opening game at the 'fishtank'". Indian Express. 25 November 2024.
  53. ^ Anirudh Menon (25 November 2024). "Chess World Championship: Ding Liren beats Gukesh with commanding display in game 1". ESPN. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
  54. ^ a b "Ding Leads 1.5-0.5 After Tense 23-Move Draw In Game 2". chess.com. 26 November 2024.
  55. ^ "World Chess Championship: Ding Liren leads Gukesh Dommaraju after Game 2 draw". The Guardian. 26 November 2024.
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