Buffalo, New York

Buffalo is the second-largest city in the state of New York, and it serves as the county seat of Erie County in the United States. In addition to being located near the Canadian border with Southern Ontario, it is also located at the eastern extremity of Lake Erie, at the head of the Niagara River. Buffalo, New York, is the 76th-largest city in the United States, according to the 2020 census, with a population of 278,349 people. It is part of two Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), that has an anticipated population of 1.1 million in 2020, making it the 49th most populous MSA (metropolitan statistical area) in the United States. Buffalo is located in Western New York, and it is the most populous and economically significant city between Boston and Cleveland.

Prior to the seventeenth century, the area was inhabited to nomadic Paleo-Indians, who were followed by the Neutral, Erie, and Iroquois tribes, who in turn were followed by the French. During the early seventeenth century, French explorers started exploring the area. The Holland Territory Purchase, which took place in the 18th century, resulted in the transfer of Iroquois land around Buffalo Creek, which was used to create a small settlement near the creek's headwaters. Buffalo was chosen as the terminal of the Erie Canal in 1825, after improvements to its port, which resulted in the city's incorporation in 1832 as the Erie Canal Terminal. This aided in its expansion as the principal inland port between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean as a result of the canal. Buffalo became the world's biggest grain port at the time as a result of transshipment. Following the introduction of railways, which diminished the significance of the canal, the city grew to become the second-largest railway centre in the United States (after Chicago). Buffalo began its move from agriculture to industry in the mid-19th century, which eventually became dominated by steel manufacture. Later, as a result of deindustrialization and the development of the St. Lawrence Seaway, the city's economy began to deteriorate and diversify significantly. However, it maintained a small amount of manufacturing in order to build its service sectors like as health care, retail, tourist, logistical, and education. The Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan statistical area had a gross domestic output of $53 billion in 2019.

There are several annual festivals in addition to the city's oldest urban parks system (which dates back to the 1850s), which includes the Albright–Knox Art Gallery, the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra, Shea's Performing Arts Center, the Buffalo Museum of Science and the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra. The University at Buffalo, Buffalo State College, Canisius College, D'Youville College, and Medaille College are some of the educational institutions in the city of Buffalo.