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    Ronald de Wit

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    Ronald de Wit
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    Born (1955-08-08) August 8, 1955 (age 69)
    Amsterdam, Netherlands
    NationalityDutch
    Alma materUniversity of Amsterdam
    OccupationProfessor

    Ronald de Wit serves as a Professor of Medical Oncology at Erasmus University Medical Center in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Additionally, he is the founding chairman of the Dutch Uro-Oncology Study Group (DUOS).[1][2]

    Early Life & Education[edit]

    Ronald de Wit was born on August 8, 1955, in Amsterdam, Netherlands. He earned his MD from the University of Amsterdam and became a Registered Specialist in Internal Medicine. In 1990, he completed his training in Medical Oncology and earned his PhD on the topic "Treatment Aspects of AIDS-associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma" from the University of Amsterdam.[3]

    Research & Career[edit]

    Ronald de Wit has been the lead investigator or senior author on numerous significant trials related to germ cell cancer.[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] One of the most clinically impactful trials demonstrated that three cycles of BEP were an adequate treatment for good-risk metastatic disease.[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]One of his research identified docetaxel as an effective treatment for castrate-resistant prostate cancer.[24][25][26][27][28][29] This work paved the way for numerous trials examining chemotherapy and innovative AR-signaling agents, revolutionizing the approach to prostate cancer management. A notable contribution from this period was the publication of the CARD trial in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) in 2019.[30][31]

    Currently, his research encompasses both clinical and translational studies, focusing on the interplay between taxanes and the latest hormonal agents, as well as biomarker investigations.[32][33][34][35][36][37] He is also affiliated with the Research Unit for Translational Pharmacology in the Department of Medical Oncology at Erasmus University Medical Center.[38][39][40][41]

    During the 2010s, he actively participated in industry-led immunotherapy trials concerning Checkpoint Inhibitors. These trials paved the way for the approval of Pembrolizumab in both second and first-line treatments, including for non-muscle invasive diseases. His contributions extend to translational and immuno-oncology research, specifically on biomarker studies that determine prognostic and predictive factors for checkpoint inhibition.[42][43][44][45]

    [46][47][48]

    In addition to his significant contributions in the treatment of urological cancers, Ronald de Wit has been instrumental in advancing the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, regardless of the tumor type. He introduced an innovative statistical method that revealed the diminishing efficacy of 5HT3 Receptor antagonists as antiemetic treatment over consecutive cycles of therapy, primarily due to their inability to manage delayed nausea effectively. Furthermore, he played a pivotal role in the development and subsequent FDA and EMA approval of the NK1 antagonist, aprepitant.[49] His research highlighted that when 5HT3 and NK1 drugs are used in combination, they offer considerably enhanced efficacy throughout multiple cycles due to improved control over delayed nausea and emesis.[50]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ "TRANSCRIPT: 040721 - Ronald de Wit: ESMO CARD 3rd line treatment". www.urotoday.com. Retrieved 2023-06-13.
    2. ↑ "Dutch Uro- Oncology Studygroup (DUOS)". Stichting DUOS (in Nederlands). Retrieved 2023-06-13.
    3. ↑ "Ronald de Wit". facultyopinions.com. Retrieved 2023-06-13.
    4. ↑ de Wit, R.; Stoter, G.; Sleijfer, D. T.; Kaye, S. B.; de Mulder, P. H.; ten Bokkel Huinink, W. W.; Spaander, P. J.; de Pauw, M.; Sylvester, R. (June 1995). "Four cycles of BEP versus an alternating regime of PVB and BEP in patients with poor-prognosis metastatic testicular non-seminoma; a randomised study of the EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group". British Journal of Cancer. 71 (6): 1311–1314. ISSN 0007-0920. PMC 2033818. PMID 7540039.
    5. ↑ de Wit, R.; Sylvester, R.; Tsitsa, C.; de Mulder, P. H. M.; Sleyfer, D. T.; ten Bokkel Huinink, W. W.; Kaye, S. B.; van Oosterom, A. T.; Boven, E.; Vermeylen, K.; Stoter, G. (February 1997). "Tumour marker concentration at the start of chemotherapy is a stronger predictor of treatment failure than marker half-life: a study in patients with disseminated non-seminomatous testicular cancer". British Journal of Cancer. 75 (3): 432–435. doi:10.1038/bjc.1997.71. ISSN 1532-1827. PMC 2063372. PMID 9020492.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
    6. ↑ de Wit, R; Stoter, G; Kaye, S B; Sleijfer, D T; Jones, W G; ten Bokkel Huinink, W W; Rea, L A; Collette, L; Sylvester, R (May 1997). "Importance of bleomycin in combination chemotherapy for good-prognosis testicular nonseminoma: a randomized study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 15 (5): 1837–1843. doi:10.1200/JCO.1997.15.5.1837. ISSN 0732-183X.
    7. ↑ de Wit, R.; Stoter, G.; Sleijfer, DTh; Neijt, J. P.; ten Bokkel Huinink, W. W.; de Prijck, L.; Collette, L.; Sylvester, R. (September 1998). "Four cycles of BEP vs four cycles of VIP in patients with intermediate-prognosis metastatic testicular non-seminoma: a randomized study of the EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group". British Journal of Cancer. 78 (6): 828–832. doi:10.1038/bjc.1998.587. ISSN 1532-1827. PMC 2062963. PMID 9743309.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
    8. ↑ de Wit, Ronald; Louwerens, Marloes; de Mulder, Pieter H.M.; Verweij, Jaap; Rodenhuis, Sjoerd; Schornagel, Jan (1999-12-10). "Management of intermediate-prognosis germ-cell cancer: Results of a phase I/II study of Taxol-BEP". International Journal of Cancer. 83 (6): 831–833. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19991210)83:6<831::AID-IJC24>3.0.CO;2-O. ISSN 0020-7136.
    9. ↑ Dearnaley, D. P.; Fossa, S. D.; Kaye, S. B.; Cullen, M. H.; Harland, S. J.; Sokal, M. P. J.; Graham, J. D.; Roberts, J. T.; Mead, G. M.; Williams, M. V.; Cook, P. A.; Stenning, S. P. (2005-06-03). "Adjuvant bleomycin, vincristine and cisplatin (BOP) for high-risk stage I non-seminomatous germ cell tumours: a prospective trial (MRC TE17)". British Journal of Cancer. 92 (12): 2107–2113. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602624. ISSN 1532-1827. PMC 2361823. PMID 15928672.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
    10. ↑ de Wit, Ronald; Skoneczna, Iwona; Daugaard, Gedske; De Santis, Maria; Garin, August; Aass, Nina; Witjes, Alfred J.; Albers, Peter; White, Jeffery D.; Germa-Lluch, José R.; Marreaud, Sandrine; Collette, Laurence (2012-03-10). "Randomized Phase III Study Comparing Paclitaxel–Bleomycin, Etoposide, and Cisplatin (BEP) to Standard BEP in Intermediate-Prognosis Germ-Cell Cancer: Intergroup Study EORTC 30983". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 30 (8): 792–799. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.37.0171. ISSN 0732-183X. PMC 3295568. PMID 22271474.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
    11. ↑ de Wit, Ronald (December 1999). "Treatment of disseminated non-seminomatous testicular cancer: The European experience". Seminars in Surgical Oncology. 17 (4): 250–256. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2388(199912)17:4<250::AID-SSU5>3.0.CO;2-M. ISSN 8756-0437.
    12. ↑ de Wit, Ronald; Fizazi, Karim (2006-12-10). "Controversies in the Management of Clinical Stage I Testis Cancer". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 24 (35): 5482–5492. doi:10.1200/JCO.2006.07.9434. ISSN 0732-183X.
    13. ↑ de Wit, Ronald (2007-04-10). "Cutting Back on Computed Tomography Scan Frequency in Curative Oncology: Get the Picture". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 25 (11): 1308–1309. doi:10.1200/JCO.2006.10.2152. ISSN 0732-183X.
    14. ↑ de Wit, Ronald (2007-10-01). "Refining the Optimal Chemotherapy Regimen in Good Prognosis Germ Cell Cancer: Interpretation of the Current Body of Knowledge". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 25 (28): 4346–4349. doi:10.1200/JCO.2007.13.3777. ISSN 0732-183X.
    15. ↑ de Wit, Ronald (2007-12-10). "Optimal Management of Retroperitoneal Metastatic Nonseminomatous Testicular Cancer: Toward a Better Selection Between Scalpel and Needle". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 25 (35): 5550–5552. doi:10.1200/JCO.2007.13.8883. ISSN 0732-183X.
    16. ↑ de Wit, Ronald; Sleijfer, Stefan; Kaye, Stan B; Horwich, Alan; Mead, Ben; Sleijfer, Dirk T; Stoter, Gerrit (2007-11-10). "Bleomycin and scuba diving: where is the harm?". The Lancet Oncology. 8 (11): 954–955. doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(07)70321-2. ISSN 1470-2045.
    17. ↑ de Wit, Ronald; van den Bent, Martin; Kirkels, Wim (2008-08-10). "The management of cerebral metastasis from germ cell cancer; walking the tightrope". European Journal of Cancer. 44 (12): 1622–1624. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2008.06.009. ISSN 0959-8049.
    18. ↑ de Wit, Ronald; Daugaard, Gedske; Albers, Peter; White, Jeffrey D.; Germa Lluch, Jose R. (2012-09-01). "Design of Testis Cancer Trials: Who Knows Best?". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 30 (25): 3145–3146. doi:10.1200/JCO.2012.42.2584. ISSN 0732-183X.
    19. ↑ de Wit, Ronald (2014-12-01). "Optimal Management of Clinical Stage I Nonseminoma: New Data for Patients to Consider". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 32 (34): 3792–3793. doi:10.1200/JCO.2014.56.5747. ISSN 0732-183X.
    20. ↑ de Wit, Ronald (February 2015). "Optimal Management of Germ Cell Cancer: More a Matter of Expertise than of Chemotherapy Regimen". Journal of Urology. 193 (2): 391–393. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.078. ISSN 0022-5347.
    21. ↑ de Wit, Ronald (2015-10-01). "Management of Germ Cell Cancer: Lessons Learned From a National Database". Journal of Clinical Oncology: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 33 (28): 3078–3079. doi:10.1200/JCO.2015.62.9907. ISSN 1527-7755. PMID 26304873.
    22. ↑ de Wit, Ronald (2019-11-20). "Refinement of the Management of Germ Cell Cancer: What's Next?". Journal of Clinical Oncology: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 37 (33): 3063–3065. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.02302. ISSN 1527-7755. PMID 31584840.
    23. ↑ de Wit, Ronald; Roberts, J. Trevor; Wilkinson, Peter M.; de Mulder, Pieter H.M.; Mead, Graham M.; Fosså, Sophie D.; Cook, Pat; de Prijck, Linda; Stenning, Sally; Collette, Laurence (2001-03-15). "Equivalence of Three or Four Cycles of Bleomycin, Etoposide, and Cisplatin Chemotherapy and of a 3- or 5-Day Schedule in Good-Prognosis Germ Cell Cancer: A Randomized Study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group and the Medical Research Council". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 19 (6): 1629–1640. doi:10.1200/JCO.2001.19.6.1629. ISSN 0732-183X.
    24. ↑ Scher, Howard I.; Fizazi, Karim; Saad, Fred; Taplin, Mary-Ellen; Sternberg, Cora N.; Miller, Kurt; de Wit, Ronald; Mulders, Peter; Chi, Kim N.; Shore, Neal D.; Armstrong, Andrew J.; Flaig, Thomas W.; Fléchon, Aude; Mainwaring, Paul; Fleming, Mark (2012-09-27). "Increased survival with enzalutamide in prostate cancer after chemotherapy". The New England Journal of Medicine. 367 (13): 1187–1197. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1207506. ISSN 1533-4406. PMID 22894553.
    25. ↑ Saad, Fred; Fizazi, Karim; Jinga, Viorel; Efstathiou, Eleni; Fong, Peter C.; Hart, Lowell L.; Jones, Robert; McDermott, Raymond; Wirth, Manfred; Suzuki, Kazuhiro; MacLean, David B.; Wang, Ling; Akaza, Hideyuki; Nelson, Joel; Scher, Howard I. (March 2015). "Orteronel plus prednisone in patients with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (ELM-PC 4): a double-blind, multicentre, phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled trial". The Lancet. Oncology. 16 (3): 338–348. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(15)70027-6. ISSN 1474-5488. PMID 25701170.
    26. ↑ Antonarakis, Emmanuel S.; Piulats, Josep M.; Gross-Goupil, Marine; Goh, Jeffrey; Ojamaa, Kristiina; Hoimes, Christopher J.; Vaishampayan, Ulka; Berger, Ranaan; Sezer, Ahmet; Alanko, Tuomo; de Wit, Ronald; Li, Chunde; Omlin, Aurelius; Procopio, Giuseppe; Fukasawa, Satoshi (2020-02-10). "Pembrolizumab for Treatment-Refractory Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Multicohort, Open-Label Phase II KEYNOTE-199 Study". Journal of Clinical Oncology: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 38 (5): 395–405. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.01638. ISSN 1527-7755. PMC 7186583. PMID 31774688.
    27. ↑ de Morrée, Ellen S.; Vogelzang, Nicholas J.; Petrylak, Daniel P.; Budnik, Nikolay; Wiechno, Pawel J.; Sternberg, Cora N.; Doner, Kevin; Bellmunt, Joaquim; Burke, John M.; Ochoa de Olza, Maria; Choudhury, Ananya; Gschwend, Juergen E.; Kopyltsov, Evgeny; Flechon, Aude; van As, Nicolas (2017-01-01). "Association of Survival Benefit With Docetaxel in Prostate Cancer and Total Number of Cycles Administered: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Mainsail Study". JAMA oncology. 3 (1): 68–75. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.3000. ISSN 2374-2445. PMID 27560549.
    28. ↑ Petrylak, Daniel P.; de Wit, Ronald; Chi, Kim N.; Drakaki, Alexandra; Sternberg, Cora N.; Nishiyama, Hiroyuki; Castellano, Daniel; Hussain, Syed; Fléchon, Aude; Bamias, Aristotelis; Yu, Evan Y.; van der Heijden, Michiel S.; Matsubara, Nobuaki; Alekseev, Boris; Necchi, Andrea (2017-11-18). "Ramucirumab plus docetaxel versus placebo plus docetaxel in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma after platinum-based therapy (RANGE): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial". Lancet (London, England). 390 (10109): 2266–2277. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32365-6. ISSN 1474-547X. PMID 28916371.
    29. ↑ Heller, Glenn; McCormack, Robert; Kheoh, Thian; Molina, Arturo; Smith, Matthew R.; Dreicer, Robert; Saad, Fred; de Wit, Ronald; Aftab, Dana T.; Hirmand, Mohammad; Limon, Ana; Fizazi, Karim; Fleisher, Martin; de Bono, Johann S.; Scher, Howard I. (2018-02-20). "Circulating Tumor Cell Number as a Response Measure of Prolonged Survival for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Comparison With Prostate-Specific Antigen Across Five Randomized Phase III Clinical Trials". Journal of Clinical Oncology: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 36 (6): 572–580. doi:10.1200/JCO.2017.75.2998. ISSN 1527-7755. PMC 5815402. PMID 29272162.
    30. ↑ de Wit, Ronald; de Bono, Johann; Sternberg, Cora N.; Fizazi, Karim; Tombal, Bertrand; Wülfing, Christian; Kramer, Gero; Eymard, Jean-Christophe; Bamias, Aristotelis; Carles, Joan; Iacovelli, Roberto; Melichar, Bohuslav; Sverrisdóttir, Ásgerður; Theodore, Christine; Feyerabend, Susan (2019-12-26). "Cabazitaxel versus Abiraterone or Enzalutamide in Metastatic Prostate Cancer". The New England Journal of Medicine. 381 (26): 2506–2518. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1911206. ISSN 1533-4406. PMID 31566937.
    31. ↑ Fizazi, Karim; Kramer, Gero; Eymard, Jean-Christophe; Sternberg, Cora N.; de Bono, Johann; Castellano, Daniel; Tombal, Bertrand; Wülfing, Christian; Liontos, Michael; Carles, Joan; Iacovelli, Roberto; Melichar, Bohuslav; Sverrisdóttir, Ásgerður; Theodore, Christine; Feyerabend, Susan (November 2020). "Quality of life in patients with metastatic prostate cancer following treatment with cabazitaxel versus abiraterone or enzalutamide (CARD): an analysis of a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 4 study". The Lancet. Oncology. 21 (11): 1513–1525. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30449-6. ISSN 1474-5488. PMID 32926841.
    32. ↑ van Soest, R. J.; van Royen, M. E.; de Morrée, E. S.; Moll, J. M.; Teubel, W.; Wiemer, E. a. C.; Mathijssen, R. H. J.; de Wit, R.; van Weerden, W. M. (December 2013). "Cross-resistance between taxanes and new hormonal agents abiraterone and enzalutamide may affect drug sequence choices in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer". European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England: 1990). 49 (18): 3821–3830. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2013.09.026. ISSN 1879-0852. PMID 24200698.
    33. ↑ van Soest, Robert J.; de Morrée, Ellen S.; Kweldam, Charlotte F.; de Ridder, Corrina M. A.; Wiemer, Erik A. C.; Mathijssen, Ron H. J.; de Wit, Ronald; van Weerden, Wytske M. (June 2015). "Targeting the Androgen Receptor Confers In Vivo Cross-resistance Between Enzalutamide and Docetaxel, But Not Cabazitaxel, in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer". European Urology. 67 (6): 981–985. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2014.11.033. ISSN 1873-7560. PMID 25484141.
    34. ↑ Onstenk, Wendy; Sieuwerts, Anieta M.; Kraan, Jaco; Van, Mai; Nieuweboer, Annemieke J. M.; Mathijssen, Ron H. J.; Hamberg, Paul; Meulenbeld, Hielke J.; De Laere, Bram; Dirix, Luc Y.; van Soest, Robert J.; Lolkema, Martijn P.; Martens, John W. M.; van Weerden, Wytske M.; Jenster, Guido W. (December 2015). "Efficacy of Cabazitaxel in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Is Independent of the Presence of AR-V7 in Circulating Tumor Cells". European Urology. 68 (6): 939–945. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2015.07.007. ISSN 1873-7560. PMID 26188394.
    35. ↑ van Soest, R. J.; Nieuweboer, A. J. M.; de Morrée, E. S.; Chitu, D.; Bergman, A. M.; Goey, S. H.; Bos, M. M.; van der Meer, N.; Hamberg, P.; de Wit, R.; Mathijssen, R. H. J.; Dutch Uro-Oncology Studygroup (DUOS) (November 2015). "The influence of prior novel androgen receptor targeted therapy on the efficacy of cabazitaxel in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer". European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England: 1990). 51 (17): 2562–2569. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2015.07.037. ISSN 1879-0852. PMID 26278646.
    36. ↑ Mout, Lisanne; de Wit, Ronald; Stuurman, Debra; Verhoef, Esther; Mathijssen, Ron; de Ridder, Corrina; Lolkema, Martijn; van Weerden, Wytske (January 2018). "Testosterone Diminishes Cabazitaxel Efficacy and Intratumoral Accumulation in a Prostate Cancer Xenograft Model". EBioMedicine. 27: 182–186. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.12.024. ISSN 2352-3964. PMC 5828553. PMID 29276148.
    37. ↑ Mout, Lisanne; van Royen, Martin E.; de Ridder, Corrina; Stuurman, Debra; van de Geer, Wesley S.; Marques, Rute; Buck, Stefan A. J.; French, Pim J.; van de Werken, Harmen J. G.; Mathijssen, Ron H. J.; de Wit, Ronald; Lolkema, Martijn P.; van Weerden, Wytske M. (November 2021). "Continued androgen signalling inhibition improves cabazitaxel efficacy in prostate cancer". EBioMedicine. 73: 103681. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103681. ISSN 2352-3964. PMC 8586743. PMID 34749299.
    38. ↑ Nieuweboer, Annemieke J. M.; de Morrée, Ellen S.; de Graan, Anne-Joy M.; Sparreboom, Alex; de Wit, Ronald; Mathijssen, Ron H. J. (July 2015). "Inter-patient variability in docetaxel pharmacokinetics: A review". Cancer Treatment Reviews. 41 (7): 605–613. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.04.012. ISSN 1532-1967. PMID 25980322.
    39. ↑ de Morrée, Ellen; van Soest, Robert; Aghai, Ashraf; de Ridder, Corrina; de Bruijn, Peter; Ghobadi Moghaddam-Helmantel, Inge; Burger, Herman; Mathijssen, Ron; Wiemer, Erik; de Wit, Ronald; van Weerden, Wytske (July 2016). "Understanding taxanes in prostate cancer; importance of intratumoral drug accumulation". The Prostate. 76 (10): 927–936. doi:10.1002/pros.23182. ISSN 1097-0045. PMID 26997363.
    40. ↑ Belderbos, Bodine P. S.; Bins, Sander; van Leeuwen, Roelof W. F.; Oomen-de Hoop, Esther; van der Meer, Nelly; de Bruijn, Peter; Hamberg, Paul; Overkleeft, Esther N. M.; van der Deure, Wendy M.; Lolkema, Martijn P.; de Wit, Ronald; Mathijssen, Ron H. J. (2018-02-01). "Influence of Enzalutamide on Cabazitaxel Pharmacokinetics: a Drug-Drug Interaction Study in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) Patients". Clinical Cancer Research: An Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 24 (3): 541–546. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-2336. ISSN 1557-3265. PMID 29150561.
    41. ↑ Buck, Stefan A. J.; Guchelaar, Niels A. D.; de Bruijn, Peter; Ghobadi Moghaddam-Helmantel, Inge M.; Oomen-de Hoop, Esther; Westgeest, Hans M.; Hamberg, Paul; Mathijssen-van Stein, Danielle; Lolkema, Martijn P.; Koolen, Stijn L. W.; de Wit, Ronald; Mathijssen, Ron H. J. (October 2022). "Influence of Darolutamide on Cabazitaxel Systemic Exposure". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 61 (10): 1471–1473. doi:10.1007/s40262-022-01159-6. ISSN 1179-1926. PMID 35895277.
    42. ↑ Bellmunt, Joaquim; de Wit, Ronald; Vaughn, David J.; Fradet, Yves; Lee, Jae-Lyun; Fong, Lawrence; Vogelzang, Nicholas J.; Climent, Miguel A.; Petrylak, Daniel P.; Choueiri, Toni K.; Necchi, Andrea; Gerritsen, Winald; Gurney, Howard; Quinn, David I.; Culine, Stéphane (2017-03-16). "Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma". The New England Journal of Medicine. 376 (11): 1015–1026. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1613683. ISSN 1533-4406. PMC 5635424. PMID 28212060.
    43. ↑ Vuky, Jacqueline; Balar, Arjun V.; Castellano, Daniel; O'Donnell, Peter H.; Grivas, Petros; Bellmunt, Joaquim; Powles, Thomas; Bajorin, Dean; Hahn, Noah M.; Savage, Mary J.; Fang, Xiao; Godwin, James Luke; Frenkl, Tara L.; Homet Moreno, Blanca; de Wit, Ronald (2020-08-10). "Long-Term Outcomes in KEYNOTE-052: Phase II Study Investigating First-Line Pembrolizumab in Cisplatin-Ineligible Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer". Journal of Clinical Oncology: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 38 (23): 2658–2666. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.01213. ISSN 1527-7755. PMID 32552471.
    44. ↑ Balar, Arjun V.; Kamat, Ashish M.; Kulkarni, Girish S.; Uchio, Edward M.; Boormans, Joost L.; Roumiguié, Mathieu; Krieger, Laurence E. M.; Singer, Eric A.; Bajorin, Dean F.; Grivas, Petros; Seo, Ho Kyung; Nishiyama, Hiroyuki; Konety, Badrinath R.; Li, Haojie; Nam, Kijoeng (July 2021). "Pembrolizumab monotherapy for the treatment of high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer unresponsive to BCG (KEYNOTE-057): an open-label, single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 study". The Lancet. Oncology. 22 (7): 919–930. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00147-9. ISSN 1474-5488. PMID 34051177.
    45. ↑ Rijnders, Maud; Balcioglu, Hayri E.; Robbrecht, Debbie G. J.; Oostvogels, Astrid A. M.; Wijers, Rebecca; Aarts, Maureen J. B.; Hamberg, Paul; van Leenders, Geert J. L. H.; Nakauma-González, J. Alberto; Voortman, Jens; Westgeest, Hans M.; Boormans, Joost L.; de Wit, Ronald; Lolkema, Martijn P.; van der Veldt, Astrid A. M. (2022-01-01). "Anti-PD-1 Efficacy in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Cancer Associates with Intratumoral Juxtaposition of T Helper-Type 1 and CD8+ T cells". Clinical Cancer Research: An Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 28 (1): 215–226. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-3319. ISSN 1557-3265. PMID 34615720.
    46. ↑ Rijnders, Maud; Robbrecht, Debbie G. J.; Oostvogels, Astrid A. M.; van Brakel, Mandy; Boormans, Joost L.; Aarts, Maureen J. B.; Balcioglu, Hayri E.; Hamberg, Paul; Voortman, Jens; Westgeest, Hans M.; Lolkema, Martijn P.; de Wit, Ronald; van der Veldt, Astrid A. M.; Debets, Reno (March 2023). "A blood-based immune marker for resistance to pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer". Cancer immunology, immunotherapy: CII. 72 (3): 759–767. doi:10.1007/s00262-022-03250-0. ISSN 1432-0851. PMC 9947015. PMID 35976415.
    47. ↑ Bellmunt, Joaquim; de Wit, Ronald; Fradet, Yves; Climent, Miguel A.; Petrylak, Daniel P.; Lee, Jae-Lyun; Fong, Lawrence; Necchi, Andrea; Sternberg, Cora N.; O'Donnell, Peter H.; Powles, Thomas; Plimack, Elizabeth R.; Bajorin, Dean F.; Balar, Arjun V.; Castellano, Daniel (2022-05-13). "Putative Biomarkers of Clinical Benefit With Pembrolizumab in Advanced Urothelial Cancer: Results from the KEYNOTE-045 and KEYNOTE-052 Landmark Trials". Clinical Cancer Research: An Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 28 (10): 2050–2060. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-3089. ISSN 1557-3265. PMID 35247908.
    48. ↑ Nakauma-González, J. Alberto; Rijnders, Maud; van Riet, Job; van der Heijden, Michiel S.; Voortman, Jens; Cuppen, Edwin; Mehra, Niven; van Wilpe, Sandra; Oosting, Sjoukje F.; Rijstenberg, L. Lucia; Westgeest, Hans M.; Zwarthoff, Ellen C.; de Wit, Ronald; van der Veldt, Astrid A. M.; van de Werken, Harmen J. G. (April 2022). "Comprehensive Molecular Characterization Reveals Genomic and Transcriptomic Subtypes of Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma". European Urology. 81 (4): 331–336. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2022.01.026. ISSN 1873-7560. PMID 35086719.
    49. ↑ Gralla, Richard J.; de Wit, Ronald; Herrstedt, Jorn; Carides, Alexandra D.; Ianus, Juliana; Guoguang-Ma, Julie; Evans, Judith K.; Horgan, Kevin J. (2005-08-15). "Antiemetic efficacy of the neurokinin-1 antagonist, aprepitant, plus a 5HT3 antagonist and a corticosteroid in patients receiving anthracyclines or cyclophosphamide in addition to high-dose cisplatin: Analysis of combined data from two phase III randomized clinical trials". Cancer. 104 (4): 864–868. doi:10.1002/cncr.21222. ISSN 0008-543X.
    50. ↑ Gralla, Richard J.; de Wit, Ronald; Herrstedt, Jorn; Carides, Alexandra D.; Ianus, Juliana; Guoguang-Ma, Julie; Evans, Judith K.; Horgan, Kevin J. (2005-08-15). "Antiemetic efficacy of the neurokinin-1 antagonist, aprepitant, plus a 5HT3 antagonist and a corticosteroid in patients receiving anthracyclines or cyclophosphamide in addition to high-dose cisplatin: Analysis of combined data from two phase III randomized clinical trials". Cancer. 104 (4): 864–868. doi:10.1002/cncr.21222. ISSN 0008-543X.

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