Surgery

Surgery is a subspecialty of medicine that involves the investigation and treatment of pathological conditions, such as diseases and injuries, as well as the improvement of body function and appearance, as well as the repair of undesirable ruptured regions.

It is possible to refer to the process of doing surgery as a surgical procedure, an operation, or simply as "surgery." The action of carrying out surgery is what is meant by the word "operate" when used in this context. The word "surgical" refers to anything that is associated with surgery, such as surgical tools or a surgical nurse. It is possible for a human or an animal to serve as the subject or person on whom the operation is conducted. A person who engages in the practise of surgery is known as a surgeon, while an individual who engages in the profession of surgical aid is known as a surgeon's assistant. The surgeon, the surgeon's assistant, an anaesthetist, a circulating nurse, and a surgical technician are the members of a surgical team. Surgery may last anything from a few minutes to a few hours, but it is not often a sort of therapy that is continuous or repeated regularly. The word "surgery" may also be used to refer to the location where an operation is carried out, or, in British English, it can be used to refer to the office of a medical professional such as a doctor, dentist, or veterinarian.

Surgery is an intrusive procedure based on the core premise of physically intervening on organs, organ systems, or tissues for the purposes of diagnosis or treatment.

A procedure is regarded to be surgical when, as a general rule, it includes cutting into the tissues of a person in some way or when it involves closing a wound that has already been suffered. Other procedures, such as angioplasty or endoscopy, which do not necessarily fall under this rubric may be considered surgery if they involve "common" surgical procedure or settings. Other procedures, such as angioplasty or endoscopy, do not necessarily fall under this rubric. The term "noninvasive surgery" often refers to an excision that does not penetrate the structure that is being excised (for example, laser ablation of the cornea), or to a radiosurgical operation. All kinds of surgery are regarded to be invasive procedures (e.g. irradiation of a tumor).