Timeline Of Theoretical Physics

From Handwiki

The Timeline of theoretical physics lists key events by century.

17th century

  • 1687 - Newton: Laws of Motion and Law of Gravity[1]

18th century

  • 1782 - Lavoisier: Conservation of matter
  • 1785 - Coulomb: Inverse-square law for electric charges confirmed[2]

19th century

  • 1801 - Young: Wave theory of light
  • 1803 - Dalton: Atomic theory of matter
  • 1806 - Young: Kinetic energy
  • 1814 - Fresnel: Wave theory of light, interference
  • 1820 - Ampère, Biot, & Savart: Evidence for electromagnetic interactions
  • 1824 - Sadi Carnot: Ideal gas cycle analysis, internal combustion engine
  • 1827 - Ohm: Electrical resistance, etc.
  • 1838 - Michael Faraday: Lines of force, Fields
  • 1838 - Weber: Earth's magnetic field
  • 1842-43 - Kelvin & Mayer: Conservation of energy
  • 1842 - Kelvin: Doppler effect
  • 1845 - Faraday: Faraday Rotation (light and electromagnetic)
  • 1847 - Helmholtz & Joule: Conservation of Energy 2
  • 1850-51 - Kelvin & Clausius: Second law of thermodynamics
  • 1857-59 - Clausius & Maxwell: Kinetic theory
  • 1861 - Kirchhoff: Black body
  • 1863 - Clausius: Entropy
  • 1864 - Maxwell: Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field
  • 1867 - Maxwell: Dynamic theory of gases
  • 1871-89 - Boltzmann & Gibbs: Statistical mechanics
  • 1884 - Boltzmann derives Stefan radiation law[citation needed]
  • 1887 - Hertz: Electromagnetic waves
  • 1893 - Wien: Radiation law[citation needed]
  • 1895 - Röntgen: X-rays
  • 1896 - Becquerel: Radioactivity
  • 1897 - Thomson: Electron

20th century

  • 1900 - Planck: Formula for black-body radiation
  • 1905 - Einstein: Special relativity, Photoelectric effect & Brownian motion
  • 1911 - Rutherford: Discovery of the atomic nucleus, Kamerlingh Onnes: Superconductivity & equivalence principle
  • 1913 - Bohr: Bohr model of the atom
  • 1916 - Einstein: General relativity
  • 1919 - Light Bending confirmed
  • 1922 - Friedmann proposes expanding universe
  • 1923 - Stern–Gerlach experiment, Matter waves, galaxies & particle nature of photons confirmed
  • 1925-27 - Quantum mechanics
  • 1925 - Stellar structure understood
  • 1927 - Lemaître: Big Bang
  • 1928 - Dirac: Antimatter predicted
  • 1929 - Hubble: Expansion of universe confirmed
  • 1932 - Anderson: Antimatter discovered & Chadwick: Neutron discovered
  • 1933 - Invention of the electron microscope by Ernst Ruska
  • 1937 - Muon discovered by Anderson & Neddermeyer
  • 1938 - Superfluidity discovered & Energy production in stars understood
  • 1939 - Uranium fission discoveredo
  • 1944 - Theory of magnetism in 2D: Ising model
  • 1947 - Pion discovered
  • 1948 - Quantum electrodynamics
  • 1948 - Invention of the maser and laser by Charles Townes
  • 1956 - Electron neutrino discovered
  • 1956-57 - Parity found violated[citation needed]
  • 1957 - Superconductivity explained[citation needed]
  • 1959-60 - Role of topology in quantum physics predicted and Confirmed[citation needed]
  • 1962 - SU(3) theory of strong interactions & muon neutrino found
  • 1963 - Murray Gell-Mann & George Zweig: Quarks predicted
  • 1967 - Unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions, Solar neutrino Problem found & Pulsars (neutron stars) discovered[citation needed]
  • 1968 - Experimental evidence for quarks found
  • 1968 - Vera Rubin: Dark matter theories
  • 1970-73 - Standard Model of elementary particles invented
  • 1971 - Helium 3 Superfluidity
  • 1974 - Black hole radiation predicted, renormalization group & charmed quark found
  • 1975 - Tau lepton found
  • 1977 - Bottom quark found
  • 1980 - Quantum Hall effect
  • 1981 - Theory of Cosmic Inflation proposed[citation needed]
  • 1982 - Fractional quantum Hall effect
  • 1995 - Wolfgang Ketterle: Bose–Einstein condensate found
  • 1995 - Top quark found
  • 1998 - Accelerating expansion of Universe found[citation needed]
  • 1999 - Lene Vestergaard Hau: Slow light experimentally demonstrated

21st century

  • 2000 - Tau neutrino found
  • 2003 - WMAP Observations of cosmic microwave background
  • 2012 - Higgs boson found
  • 2014 - Gravitational waves detected from Cosmic microwave background

See also

  • Physics
  • Timeline of developments in theoretical physics

References

  1. ↑ American Heritage Dictionary (January 2005). The American Heritage Science Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 428. ISBN 978-0-618-45504-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=yKUagx8PB_EC&pg=PA428. 
  2. ↑ John L. Heilbron (14 February 2003). The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science. Oxford University Press. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-19-974376-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=abqjP-_KfzkC&pg=PA235. 




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