Darvand

In Zoroastrianism, darvand, in its original Avestan form dregvant means 'wicked'.^[1] It is an ethical appellation of unrighteous persons. Angra Mainyu, the Evil Spirit, is a dregvant or darvand or wicked,^[2] as Spenta Mainyu, the Good Spirit, is ashavan or righteous.^[3]

In literature

In Anne Eliza Smith's novel "Seola" published in 1878, a darvand is a child of an angel and a human, usually a male angel and a woman. Devas (or angels) and darvands are defined early on in the novel on page 15 and again later on page 64.

References

↑ Naserwanji Dhalla, Manekji. "Blasphemous It Is To Term Non-Zoroastrians As Darvands". https://parsi-times.com/2019/11/blasphemous-it-is-to-term-non-zoroastrians-as-darvands/.
↑ Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica" (in en-US). https://iranicaonline.org/.
↑ KREYENBROEK, PHILIP G. (1993). "On Spenta Mainyu's Role in the Zoroastrian Cosmogony". Bulletin of the Asia Institute 7: 97–103. ISSN 0890-4464. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24048432.

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[1] Naserwanji Dhalla, Manekji. "Blasphemous It Is To Term Non-Zoroastrians As Darvands". https://parsi-times.com/2019/11/blasphemous-it-is-to-term-non-zoroastrians-as-darvands/.

[2] Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica" (in en-US). https://iranicaonline.org/.

[3] KREYENBROEK, PHILIP G. (1993). "On Spenta Mainyu's Role in the Zoroastrian Cosmogony". Bulletin of the Asia Institute 7: 97–103. ISSN 0890-4464. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24048432.